LINEAR ALGEBRA, GEODESY, AND GPS GILBERT STRANG Massachusetts lsttteof Technology KAI BORRE Aalborg Univesity ‘BAITISA DOCUMENT Mor CENTRE 27 FEB 1898 qajooia WELLESLEY-CAMBRIDGE PRESS"teary of Congres Catling Pobaton Data inate, eden and GPS Gir Strang an Ka one "Alps Line 2 Glenys. 3, Gl ong em, Lae eka I Ti sos Toisias deo so-ase oni 197 ib Strang and Ka Bee over ergy Mite! evita Os, Hea (ove ein Ty Baldi A igh re Nop hi work ay te eos a sore ited by sy means ling esis witht he sen porn he pier ‘ein hy ngage sry plies’ vans eae, ther text rom Wesley Cambridge Press ‘Wats and ter Hans. Cir Saga Tne Nae IsoNDetaaRe Inireduton Appel Mathemae.Ge Song. ISBN 09648804, Ane he Fin het Md Gi Sa nage Fa ISBN 0-96140088-8-X. me Cale, Cie Sng, BN 056148820, Imran to Liar Alpen Git Stang, SBN 036408855, Wee Cambridge Pree ‘lly MA ez USA (or 154 PAK GID 28.488 plore ca paath inte Atta mayb addy mal TABLE OF CONTENTS Peace * The Mathes of GPS “i Part | Linear Algebra 1 eco and Mates 3 12 Lenn and Dt rts u 14 Noes Line Egons Es 2 Song tinea otions y 25 fete Dpertons s 35min = Faron: A= LU = 4) Vicor Spaces and Subspces oo 2M Inept. Basi and isin be 35° Dinas of our Sopa 4 Oosnatity w sr Gromgmay a be Four Stes is 42 Potion ra {14 Ongar ra Shit ie 5 Determinants 197 1 The Peper of eens raMi Taleo Contents 1 genales and figenvectoe 2 Dignalsne aia 3 Simei Maro 63 Say and Pcie 7 Une Tansrmations Part Geodesy 8 Leveling Networks AT Haley Le Sears 82 Wek Lene Sq SA Gapbsand Tene Mares 9 Random Variables and Covariance Mates Su The Noma Daten? 24 ee Cm Meh 57 Extmagt rnc of Ut Weg 38 Cons Eee 10. Nonlinear Pablems 102 Gendt ObervtinEgans 11 Linear Aigebra or Weighed Lest Squares 112, Giles Madd ie Lat Ses Sting 113 Sv. Taeeammial em Gio ta Thecaabioe Noni 11S Reply Spc News Ne. Dene Wo 118) Desoreatinand Wes Nermalon ie of Contents ons fo Singular Norma sons Rant Des Neal Egan aes of be Nace ‘Conny nk ever bln Seal Tnaonaoen Problems With xt atone ha Part Tie neg Smt Tesormaton ‘Optima Ch of Osean Ste Sten Asien Fong Sgt Line Global Positioning System (GPS) Gal onan System oscoingty GPS rin GPS Obsrbles Det ea Combond Ce ad Pane series ‘eee as for Dies Oven ronan resin of PS ata 132 sh ine Cini an es ‘Corsi Chg id Ste Postion epee Peers ‘Sur Apts Rate Estination Som Any Bat Eine Te LANDA Mi for Anbigeti Suc Fr fr bse Pose