Bacillus cereus

Nhm 5

Gii thiu
1. Gii thiu Bacillus cereus 2. c t v c ch sinh c t
3. Phn lp v nhn dng 4. Lin h vi thc phm
+ Phng php truyn thng + Phng php hin i
+ Triu chng + C ch gy bnh + Hnh thi + c tnh sinh sng

Pht hin
Bacillus spp c thc hin vo nm 1906 khi Lubenau m t mt dch ti mt vin iu dng, ni 300 t nhn v nhn vin c pht hin c cc triu chng ca bnh tiu chy cp, au d dy, au bng v nn ma. Bacillus cereus khng c kt lun chc chn l mt nguyn nhn gy ng c thc phm cho n nm 1950, sau khi s phn loi loi c lm r. Hauge m t bn dch Na Uy lin quan n 600 ngi.

Hnh thi
Trc khun, gram (+) K kh ty tin Sinh bo t chu nhit Di ng bng roi Di khong 1 - 5 m

c tnh
B.cereus pht trin c :
Nhit t 8-55oC, nhit ti u t 28-35oC Khng hot ng trong mi trng pH thp (pH thp nht l 5-6) Hot nc ti thiu 0.95

Bo t B.cereus c mt v ngoi bn chc c lm bi keratin, chu nhit n 95oC trong dung dch m phosphat t 1 n 36 pht.

Phn b
B.cereus th phn phi rng ri trong mi trng v c th c phn lp t nc, t v thc vt nh mt sinh vt hoi sinh, bi, khng kh, nc v trong vt cht b phn hy. iu ny c ngha l n cng sinh sng trong rut ngi. Cc thc phm d nhim khun: tht, sp, rau qu, nc st, sa v cc sn phm t sa, cm (nu v chin), bnh ngt, m

c t
Hi chng tiu chy Liu gy nhim khun c t sn xut 105107(tng cng) Trong rut non ca vt ch Hi chng bun nn 105108(cc t bo g-1) Trong thc phm

Loi c t
Nhit n dnh pH n nh Thi gian bnh Thi gian bnh

Protein(s) 3 thnh phn MW 37, 38, 46 Peptide vng MW 1.2 kDa kDa
Bt hot 56oC, 5 pht 4 < pH < 11 816 h (i khi >24 h) 1224 h (i khi mt vi ngy) Chu c 126oC, 90 pht 2 < pH < 11 0.55 h 624 h

Cc triu chng

Bun nn, i ma v kh chu i khi theo au bng, tiu chy v i khi bun sau tiu chy, do sn xut c t rut km nn theo Sn phm tht, sp, rau qu, bnh pudding/ nc st v sa Cm nu v chin, pasta, bnh ngt v m

Thc phm lin quan

c t

C ch gy tiu chy
Ch yu cho 2 loi c t:
HBL (3 protein B, L1, L2) NHE (Nhe A, Nhe B, Nhe C)

Cc c t nhy cm vi nhit v enzyme thy phn protein nh tripsin v pepsin. c sn xut n nh trong giai on cui pha nhn ln/u pha cn bng.

C ch gy tiu chy
Cc c t c th c sn xut trc trong thc phm, nhng s nhy cm vi pH thp, mi trng phn gii protein v thi gian bnh tng i ch ra vic sn xut c t trong rut l nguyn nhn chnh ca cc triu chng quan st c.

C ch gy tiu chy
Bo t ca B.cereus c kh nng bm vo cc t bo biu m ca rut ngi. Sau khi bm vo, cc bo t ny ny mm mt cch nhanh chng (trong vng 1h), hnh thnh t bo B.cereus sinh dng trn nh ca cc t bo biu m, tip l sn sinh ra c t.

C ch gy nn
c t nn, cereulide, l mt chui peptid theo 1 chu k 1.2 kDA, c tnh chu acid v nhit tt. Cereulide l mt vng peptid bao gm ba ln lp i lp li ca mt n v c cha 2 amino axit v 2 oxit axit (D-O-Leu-D-Ala-L-OVal-L-Val)3

C ch gy nn
c t hot ng bng cch lin kt vi nhau v kch thch cc dy thn kinh ph v (5-HT3). Loi thc phm thng d nhim nht l cm (nu chn/chin), m ng, ph. Kh nng chu nhit: 90 pht 126oC

Phn lp v nhn dng

Thc phm nhim c s phi cha mt s lng ln (> 105 g-1) vi sinh vt v th vic tng sinh l khng cn thit. Khi cy trn mi trng khng chn lc nh thch mu (i khi b sung polymyxin ngn chn vi khun Gram m), B.cereus c th c pht hin sau 24 gi 370C.

Phn lp v nhn dng

Khun lc c ng knh 3-7mm, bng phng hoc hi nh ln, mu xm xanh, c hnh ht nh hoc ht thy tinh v bao quanh bi vng mu tan do tc dng ca hoc haemolysis

Phn lp v nhn dng

Mi trng chn lc PEMBA (Polymyxin / pyruvate / eggyolk / mannitol / bromothymol xanh) Polymyxin l tc nhn chn lc, ngn nm men v nm mc pht trin Pyruvate h tr phn ng kt ta lng trng (eggyolk) v tng cng hnh thnh bo t Kim tra kh nng ln men mannitol

Phn lp v nhn dng

Khng th ln men mannitol. Khun lc B.cereus c th quan st bng knh hin vi kt hp vi cht nhum mu bo t v cht nhum mu lipit ni bo. Bo t xut hin mu xanh l cy, t bo sinh dng vi cc git lipit mu en.

Phn lp v nhn dng

Khun lc B.cereus trn Mossel/MYP

Khun lc B.cereus trn Bacara

Test sinh ha
Gram (+) Catalase (+) Di ng (+) Kh nitrate (+) Phn hy tyrosine (+) Khng lysozyme (+) Ln men glucose (+) Phn ng lng trng (+) VP (+) Ln men mannitol (-) Lm tan mu (+)

Phn lp v nhn dng

Phng php ELISA
Nhn din L2 trong HBL (nhng i khi c t HBL khng sinh ra) Nhn din 1 protein ca NHE, nhng khng nhn ra HBL

Phng php PCR

Cereulide synthetic enzyme (CRS) gene: 426bp Lecithinase (LE) gene: 227bp Internal Control (I.C.): 106 bp

Phn lp v nhn dng

Trong thc phm

B.cereus c kh nng sn xut bo t khng cc yu t nh sy kh v nhit lm cho trc khun gy ng c phn tn rng trong thc phm. Vi sa v kem bo qun nhit khng lnh, B.cereus c th pht trin gy hin tng h hng nh ng vn (sweet curdling) hay ni bt (bitty cream).

Trong thc phm

Trong go, bo t B.cereus vn tn ti sau khi nu chn, ny mm, pht trin v sn xut cc cht c trong thi gian lu tr. Hm nng/chin cm trc khi n cng khng lm bt hot c c t. B.cereus ph hy cu trc bn trong ca bnh nng v to ra mt cht nhn dnh.