CHEM1001 Lecture 26 Worksheet

1. Heat of Combustion of a Model Fuel (a) C2H5OH(l) + 3 O2(g) (b) Hrxn = Hf (products) - Hf (reactants), and the data table below. = 2 (-393.5) + 3 (-241.8) (-277.63) 3 0 = -1234.8 kJ mol-1. (c) C2H5OH(l) + 3 O2(g) 2C + 6H + 7O 2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(g). 2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(g).

Hrxn + 5Hbond (C-H) + Hbond (C-O) + Hbond (O-H) + 3Hbond (O=O) + Hbond (C-C) 4Hbond (C=O) 6Hbond (O-H) = 5 412 + 360 + 463 + 3 497 + 348 4 743 6 463 = -1028 kJ mol-1 Average bond enthalpies are only approximations to bond enthalpies in specific molecules. Enthalpies of formation are exact as they refer to the specific reactants and products. 2. Calorific Value of Fuels (a) Molecular weight of ethanol = 2 12.01 + 1 16.00 + 6 1.008 = 46.07 g mol-1 (Note that it is the enthalpy of vapourization, not the enthalpy of fusion used here.) Net calorific value = 1234.8 kJ mol-1 (heat out)/46.07 g mol-1 = 26.8 kJ/g (b) H2O (g) H2O(l) Hrxn = -Hvap =-40.68 kJ mol-1. 2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(l).

C2H5OH(l) + 3 O2(g) Or...

C2H5OH(l) + 3 O2(g) 2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(g) 2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(l). Hrxn = -1234.8 + 3 -40.68 = -1356.8 kJ mol-1 Gross calorific value = 1356.8 kJ mol-1 (heat out)/46.07 g mol-1 = 29.5 kJ/g (You can do this calculation for C2H5OH as on uncorrected worksheet by looking up and using the enthalpy of vapourization of ethanol = 42.2 kJ/mol.)