CHC MNG NM MI 2010

IU KHIN T XA CC THIT B IN QUA TIN NHN IN THAI REMOTE CONTROL OF CIVIL ELECTRICAL DEVICES USING SMS
GS.TSKH. THN NGC HON KS. DNG VN TUYN i hc Dn lp Hi phng TS. NGUYN TIN BAN Tm tt iu khin cc thit b in trong nh gi vai tr quan trng trong vic xy dng mt ngi nh thng minh nhm khai thc an ton hiu qu v kinh t. y l mt vn ang c th gii quan tm v pht trin. Vic iu khin cc thit b in trong nh t xa bng tin nhn in thoi di ng l mt ng dng mi ca in thoi. Bi bo ny gi i thiu mt thit k s dng tin nhn iu khin thit b in trong nh t xa. Abstract The article deals with problem using SMS to control distantly the electrical device. The article presents a design of software and hardware of motion control of civil electrical device. The device allows control 6 electrical devices in distance by SMS. 1. M u Trong nhng nm gn y, cng vi s pht trin mnh m v kinh t, cng ngh di ng c ng dng rng ri trong rt nhiu lnh vc i sng x hi Nghin cu ng dng cng ngh di ng s dng cho mc ch ngoi thng tin lin l c ang thu ht nhiu nh khoa hc trn th gii cng nh trong nc. Bi bo ny trnh by vic xy dng h thng iu khin t xa cc thit b in trong nh trn cng ngh di ng. H thng gm phn mm trn my tnh nhn, x l cc tin nhn iu khi n, v phn cng thc thi cc lnh iu khin . Phn cng xy dng da trn modem GSM Nokia6230 v chip PIC ca hng Microchip. i tng iu khin l cc thit b in gia dng vi mc tiu to thun tin cho ngi dng trong vic bt tt ngun v gim st thit b t gp phn gi m thi gian tiu dng in nng, thc hin tit kim in, Thit b iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS thng qua mng in thoi di ng c kh nng phn hi trng thi, kt qu iu khin thit b bng tin nhn phn hi, v t ng gi in cho ngi iu khin khi h thng hon thnh nhim v, to cm gic yn tm cho ngi iu khin. 2. Cng ngh di ng trong cc h thng iu khin gim st trong nc v th gii Trong nhng nm gn y, s pht trin bng n ca cng ngh di ng khin cng ngh di ng khng cn n thun ch dng li n lc m thoi n c ng dng vo rt nhiu lnh vc khc nhau nh: an ninh, gii tr, giao thng vn ti, Do nhng u vit ca in thoi di ng, cc h thng iu khin qua in thoi i ng c nhiu hng sn xut thit b trn th gii ng dng. c im c bn ca cc h thng ny l c s kt hp cht ch gia thit b x l vin thng v cc h thng vi x l. Trn hnh 1 l h thng c bn kt ni qua tin nhn SMS (Short Message System), trong in thoi di ng ngoi tnh nng x l thng tin thng thng th cn c th kt ni vi h thng my tnh. Chng ta coi in thoi u cui l Client v my tnh l Server. Thng tin iu khin c cha trong tin nhn SMS tu tng h thng quy nh, v d nh on10 th c tc dng bt u ra Output 10 bt sng Led hay ng c hoc thit b no c kt ni. Tng t, tin nhn t phn cng Master c th c thit lp v gi tr li thit b u cui cho bit trng thi h thng.

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Syst em

Hnh 1. M hnh h thng iu khin qua SMS.

Trong cng nghi p, vi trung tm SMS gip ngi s dng truy cp nhanh chng ti cc h thng thng tin thng qua mng nhn tin GSM-SMS. Vi nhng li ch t h thng GSM (khng dy), d liu c th c truy nhp mi ni, mi lc bi bt c ngi s dng no m khng cn c mt tn ni, SMS cng nghip pht trin linh hot nhm kt ni vi cc d liu chun ca Yokogawa Exaquanium (gm Wonderware InSQL, Oracle, SQL) v cc c s d liu khc h tr DDE. Bn cnh cc h thng iu khin s dng tin nhn SMS cn c cc h thng s dng giao thc truyn d liu GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) hoc MMS Ti Vit Nam, cc mng in thoi di ng v ang pht trin vi tc cao. Ngoi vic s dng in thoi di ng cho mc ch lin lc, hin nay nc ta, in thoi di ng cn c s dng vi cc mc ch: + Dch v truy cp internet trn in thoi di ng qua WAP hoc GPRS; + Dch v gii tr d on kt qu trn truyn hnh v cc dch v da trn tin nhn SMS khc; + ng dng cng ngh GSM vo qun l vn hnh giao thng; + ng dng in thoi di ng trong iu khin cc thit b in trong nh. H thng iu khin gim st qua in thoi di ng c hng Siemens v mt s hng khc a vo gii thiu ti nc ta trong nm 2006. c tnh ca cc h thng ny l c kh nng tch hp vi cc thit b iu khin c lp t ca Siemen mt cch ng b. Tuy nhi n, n thng ch s dng cho cc ng dng trong cng nghip v gi thnh kh cao [8]. 3. H thng iu khin thit b qua tin nhn H thng iu khin thit b qua tin nhn nhm to kh nng iu khin cc thit b in dn dng qua in thoi di ng. y l vn rt c ngha tit kim in nc ta hin nay. C rt nhiu nguyn nhn khch quan v ch quan dn n l ng ph in. Nu c th tch hp kh nng tt, m cc thit b dn dng qua in thoi di ng s to cho con ngi kh nng quan st iu khin cc thit b trong gia nh bt c ni u. Tin ch ny c th gp phn hn ch l ng ph in. V d c nc nng chng ta ch cn dng in thoi di ng bt in bnh nng l nh trc 15 pht thay v bt li n tc. 3.1. Cu trc ca h thng H thng c cu to t 2 thnh phn c bn: Thit b u cui (Client) l in thoi di ng, v thi t b phn cng nhn, x l tin nhn. Hnh 2 l s khi ca h thng gm: + Thit b u cui - Client Mobile: l in thoi lin lc ca ngi qun l h thng (admin). Admin s s dng in thoi c gn sim c ng k s thu bao trong h thng, nhn tin iu khin. Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng hi S 21 01/2010 8

CHC MNG NM MI 2010 + Thit b phn cng bao gm: Thi t b nhn tin nhn (in thoi Nokia6230), my tnh c chy phn mm iu khin v card iu khin.
Thi t

Client
Mobile

chp hnh

Mode m GSM

M My tnh
USB

Card iu khin
RS232

Tn hi u phn hi digital Tn hiu phn hi Analog

Khi tin nhn t Admin c gi ti thit b nhn tin nhn, n s c x l qua my tnh, my tnh s truyn cc lnh i u khin trong ni dung tin cho card iu khin bt tt thit b. Cc tn hiu phn hi v trng thi on/off, nhi t ca cc thit b lin tc c cp nhp bi Card iu khin, v c th c gi ti Admin nu Admin yu cu.

Hnh 2. S khi h thng.

3.2. Vi iu khin pic16F877A PIC l tn vit tt ca My tnh kh trnh thng minh (Programable Intelligent Computer) do hng General Instrument t tn con vi iu khin u ti n l PIC1650. Hng Microchip tip tc pht trin cc dng sn phm ny. Cho n nay, cc sn phm vi iu khin PIC ca Microchip gn 100 loi. Trn hnh 3 l s chn ca Pic16f877A. PIC l mt vi iu khin vi kin trc RISC, s dng microcode n gin t trong ROM, chy mt lnh mt chu k my (4 chu k ca b dao ng). Nh c EEPROM nn PIC to thnh 1 b iu khin vo ra kh trnh, c rt nhiu dng PIC vi hng lot cc m-un ngoi vi tch hp sn (nh USART, PWM, ADC...), vi b nh chng trnh t 512 Word n 32K Word. PIC16F877A l dng PIC ph bin nht, mnh v tnh nng, 40 chn, b nh ln cho hu ht cc ng dng thng thung. Cu trc tng qut PIC16F877A : + 8 K Flash ROM; + 368 bytes RAM; + 256 bytes EEPROM; + 5 Port I/O (A, B, C, D, E), ng vo/ra vi tn hiu iu khin c lp; + 2 b nh thi 8 bit Timer 0 v Timer 2; + 1 b nh thi 16 bit Timer 1, c th hot ng trong c ch tit kim nng lng (Sleep Mode) vi ngun xung clock ngoi; + 2 b CCP, Capture/Compare/PWM - tm gi l : Bt gi / So snh / iu bin xung; + 1 cng song song (Parallel Port) 8 bit vi cc tn hiu iu khin; + Ch tit kim nng lng (Sleep Mode); + Np chng trnh bng cng ni tip ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programing); + Ngun dao ng lp trnh c to bng cng ngh CMOS; + 1 b bin i tng t s (ADC) 10 bit, 8 ng vo; + 2 b so snh tng t (Comparator); + 1 b nh thi gim st (WDT Watch Dog Timer); + 35 tp lnh c di 14 bit; + Tn s hot ng ti a l 20 MHz; + 1 cng ni tip (Serial Port); Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng hi S 21 01/2010 9

CHC MNG NM MI 2010 + 15 ngun ngt (Interrupt).

Hnh 3. S chn ca PIC16F877A.

3.3. Modem Nokia 6230 in thoi di ng (TD) cn c bit ti nh mt modem khng dy hay GSM Modem, do chng ta hon ton c th iu khin c TD qua tp lnh AT do Vi n Ti u Chun Vin Thng Chu u (EuropeanTelecommunication Standards Institute - ETSI) a ra. Trong phm vi bi bo ny, tc gi s dng in thoi di ng Nokia 6230 lm modem cho m hnh. Modem 6230 l in thoi c h tr cc tp lnh AT cho vic truy cp vo my c, gi tin nhn . Modem6230 cho php giao ti p vi my tnh thng qua ng truyn USB (qua cp d li u DKU2), h tr cc tp l nh AT cho vic truy cp vo modem v c tc gi tin nhn nhanh. V modem ch h tr giao tip qua ng USB nn vi c giao tip trc tip vi vi iu khin gp kh khn do ch c th giao tip c thng qua my tnh iu khin v gim st. Khi gn cp ni DKU2 vo modem v my tnh th i hi my tnh phi ci driver ca modem mi s dng c. Sau khi ci driver, my tnh s to ra 1 cng com o, v mi vic giao tip vi modem s thng qua cng com ny. 3.4. Cu trc ca tin nhn truy cp vo b nh trong sim cho vic c, gi tin nhn, phi s dng tp lnh AT. Lnh giao tip lun bt u bng chui AT v kt thc bng k t <CR> (gi tr 13 trong bng m ACCII). Thng tin tr v t modem lun c bt u v kt thc bi 2 k t i km <CR><LF>(gi tr 13 v 10 trong m ACCII). - Nu lnh truyn cho module khng ng chui ERROR s c tr v. - Nu lnh truyn i ng nhng thng s b sai th chui +CME ERROR : <Err> hoc +CME ERROR : <SmsErr> tr v vi li code. - Nu lnh truyn i ng v thnh cng th chui OK s c tr v - Khi mt tin nhn c gi ti modem chng ta s s dng lnh sau c tin: AT+CMGF=1<CR> AT+CMGL=REC UNREAD<CR> Trong lnh : AT+CMGF=1<CR> set modem sang ch textmod, l ch c tin nhn dng text, nu khng s dng lnh ny th mc nh modem s tr v tin nhn dang Binary lc phi gii m chui Binary. Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng hi S 21 01/2010 10

CHC MNG NM MI 2010 Lnh AT+CMGL=REC UNREAD<CR> l lnh c tin nhn vi nhng tin mi nht, y ta ch quan tm ti nhng tin nhn mi nht, cc tin c c th s khng c hin vi lnh ny. Sau khi s dng 2 lnh trn modem s tr v cho my tnh 1 chui tin nhn c cu trc nh sau: +CMGL: <V TR TIN NHN>, "REC UNREAD", "<S in thoi gi>", <ngy gi>, <CR><LF>, <ni dung tin nhn> OK - Modem6230 ch h tr ti 40 tin nhn c trong mc inbox ca my, nu vt qu con s ny th mc d bn thn modem vn nhn c tin nhn gi n , nhng khi s dng lnh trn c tin nhn s khng c tc dng. V vy mi khi c tin nhn xong, ta phi xa tin nhn i trnh trng hp vt qu s lng tin nhn cho php. Cu trc lnh xa tin nhn: AT+CMGD=<v tr tin nhn c lu trong my><CR> - Lnh gi tin nhn phn hi: AT+CMGS=<Sinthoi><CR>[Ni dung tin nhn]<Ctrl+Z> - Lnh gi in : ATD<s in thoi cn gi>;<CR> - Lnh kt thc cuc gi : AT+CHUP<CR> Nh vy, vi tp lnh AT ta hon ton c th truy cp vo in thoi di ng iu khi n. ng vi mi loi in thoi c th s c tp lnh AT tng ng vi Modull bn trong in thoi v do cc hng quy nh khc nhau. Trong phm vi bi ny, tc gi s dng cc lnh trn cho cc modem GSM ca hng Nokia, v vy n c th c s dng hu ht cc in thoi ca hng Nokia. 4. Thit k phn cng, phn mm h thng iu khin cc thit b in trong nh H Thng iu khin cc thit b in trong nh qua tin nhn SMS c phn thnh 3 khi (Hnh 4). + Khi nhn tin nhn SMS (in thoi di ng) Thit b nhn tin nhn SMS c s dng l modem Nokia 6230. Modem kt ni vi my tnh qua cp truyn USB (DKU-2). s dng c modem, my tnh cn phi ci t driver ca cp DKU-2 c trong CD i km vi cp. Modem c nhi m v nhn tin nhn n v truyn ni dung tin nhn cho my tnh.

Nhn tin nhn SMS

X l tin nhn

iu khin thi t b

Hnh 4. S khi ca h thng.

+ Khi chng trnh x l tin nhn (My tnh v phn mm): Phn mm c nhim v: X l ni dung tin nhn c trong modem, truyn lnh iu khin cho khi iu khin thit b, trnh din thng tin v trng thi thit b ln giao di n chnh v a ra lnh tng tc vi tin nhn v lnh gi thoi cho modem. + Khi iu khin thit b (Vi iu khin): Khi ny bao gm mch iu khin, v mch ng lc c nhi m v: iu khin ng m thit b in trong nh, thu thp thng tin v trng thi ng m, nhit ca cc thit b.

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CHC MNG NM MI 2010 4.1. Thit k card iu khin Do Vi iu khin Pic16f877A tch hp sn b chuyn i ADC 10 bit do ta s s dng cc chn u vo analog (AN0-AN7) lm cc chn o nhit ca cc thit b. Cc chn t D0-D6 s lm 7 chn u ra iu khin. Cc chn t B0-B6 s lm 7 chn u vo bi u hin cho trng thi ng m ca 7 thit b in. Ngoi ra Vi iu khin PIC 16f877A cn cho php s dng nhiu cng giao tip bng cch set cc chn RXD v TXD tng ng (Multi RS232). Nh vy ta c th m rng c cng giao tip RS232 s dng cho mc ch m rng u vo/ra thit b. Cc chn ca portC c set lm cng giao tip RS232 l cc chn: RC4, RC5: giao tip vi modun m rng. RC6, RC7 s giao ti p vi my tnh nhn tn hiu iu khin t my tnh. Cc cng giao tip ny c tc : 9600 baud, 8bit chn l, 1 bit stop. Ngun cp cho vi iu khin l ngun +5V, v n nh, mch ngun s dng IC n p 7805, c u ra ngun +5V, u vo J9 c mc in p l +12V, cc t C7 (0.1uF), C8 (0.33uF) l cc t lc loi tr nhiu cho vi iu khin (H.5) Tn hiu RS232 t cng com ca my tnh c mc in p l: +12V v -12V (mc 0 v 1). Tuy nhin tn hi u RS232 t PIC16f877A li c mc in p: 0V (mc 0), 5V (mc 1). thc hin kt ni cn phi chuyn i gia 2 mc in p ny. Hnh 6 l s mch lin kt gia my tnh vi Vi iu khin PIC16f877A. IC Max232 trong s s thc hin vic chuyn i chun RS232 ca my tnh sang TLL, in p u vo s b i mc u ra. C th: p ra chn 7 l +12V th chn 10 (ng vo ca chn 7) p s l 0V, ngc li nu p chn 7 l -12V th ti chn 10 p s l 5V, tng t vi chn 8 v 9 ca MAX232, khi p chn 8 l +12V th tai chn 9 p s l 0V, nu ti chn 8 p vo l -12V th chn 9 p l 5V. 2 in tr R2, R3 c tc dng lm tng tr khng ca mch, trnh gy hng cng RS232 ca my tinh do chm chp trong qu trnh ghp ni. S nguyn l mch iu khin c th hin trn hnh 7. 4.2. Thit k mch ng lc Mch ng lc c tc dng ng m Role cp ngun 220V cho cc thit b in gia dng. Hnh 8 l s nguyn l mch ng lc. Tn hiu u ra t cc chn ca vi iu khin c mc in p +5V s c khuych i ng m cho Role 12V qua IC UNL2003A.

Hnh 5. S mch ngun cho vi iu khin

Hnh 6.S mch giao tip RS232

phn hi trng thi on/off ca thit b, trong nghin cu ny tc ga s dng tip im u ra ca Rle to tn hiu phn hi trang thi, khi Rle c chn l loi Rle 8 chn, c mc in p u vo cun ht l 12V, in p tip im l 220V xoay chiu. Mt tip im u ra dng lm cng tc ng m cp ngun cho diode ghp quang, to ra tn hiu phn hi cho vi iu khi n, bo thit b c cp ngun. Ti p im th 2 dng ng ct ngun cho thit b.

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CHC MNG NM MI 2010 Cc u vo IN(1B-7B) ca UNL2003A c ni vi cc chn D0-D6 ca vi iu khin. Cc u phn hi tn hiu Back c ni vi cc chn B0-B6 ca Vi iu khin.

Hnh 7. S nguyn l mch iu khi n.

(ng tip k sau) Ngi phn bin: PGS.TS. Phm Ngc Tip

Hnh 8. S nguyn l mch ng lc.

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