Energy Crisis in Pakistan

outlines and some important info.. Introduction Energy is the backbone of the country, blood in the veins of national life, and factor which keeps life going on........... Current condition Sufficiency in energy is assurance to excel any countries economy According to an international analysis, the oil and gas reserves will be finish in the second half of the current century Alternative energy resources are being explored There are 929 billion tons of coal reserves in the world Whose 40% is used to produce electricity 178 billion tons coal exist in Pakistan Whose price is $30 trillion which goes to 187 times high than the Pakistans current GDP A glance on background Our past is responsible for our feature We did work only on short term policies Corruption, energy theft, line losses added fuel into fire We chosen wrong way produce electricity Renewable resources ignored Concerned institutions did not achieve their target Energy consumption and production Leading consumer is household 43% Industrial sector consuming 30% Agriculture 13% Govt. 7% Commercial sector 6% Street light 1%

Production Thermal 12478 mw which is 64. 12 percent Hydel 6480 which is 33.30% Both contributing 97.42% Nuclear 462, 2. 37 Renewable resources 0.42%

Causes of energy crisis 1. Mal administration Lack of effective and efficient polices Pakistan has to need of project oriented rather than goal oriented polices long term and sustainable polices are unfamiliar in our all history of Pakistan attitude of delaying new project as long as possible has been common practice

2. no proper use of renewable resources wind energy, 1046km coastline of sindh , power potential of 50,000 mw solar energy tidal energy 3. immense quantity and tiny exploitation of coal Pakistans coal is equivalent to Saudi Arab and Irans oil reserves which is 400million barrels of oil It has the capacity of electric generation for 30 years At maximum cost of .4 per unit Mr. Mumbark mand on coal reserves 4. aging of equipment they are not able to generate expected electricity 5. wastage of energy energy conservation policy is limited to news papers, advertisings, and in seminars a new culture is needed for energy conservation both elite and lower class are responsible for that 6. high cost of fuel cost of crude oil increased from$4o to $140 in short span of time Pakistan is producing much electricity with thermal 7. poor distribution system long liens use of cheaper wires 8. energy theft its common practice both in rural an urban employees corruption no check and balance 9. rapid growth in population high demand of energy

 low production 10. unnecessary domestic consumption 11. inadequate political vision delay in projects corruption 12. lack of public cooperation Effect of energy crisis 1- closure of industries around 25% textile units have been closed 2- trade deficit the export target did not achieved 3- flow of capital investors are moving towards alternative countries 4- low industrial growth production based industry 5- inflation due to high cost of production 6- poverty declined purchasing power 7- unemployment termination of employees Possible solution 1- Sole energy administration for regulation of energy sector should be formed 2- Energy conservation 3- Production of energy with renewable resources Wind Solar 4- Nuclear power plants 5- Construction of dams Basha dam And other dames 6-Exploitation of coal reserves 7- IPI gas pipeline 8- Electricity import from Iran 9-Conservation of energy