Professional Documents
Culture Documents
(Vnmath - Com) - Loi Giai Lop 10
(Vnmath - Com) - Loi Giai Lop 10
iu kin: 3 x
t 3 ; 4 ; 5 x a x b x c vi a, b, c l s thc khng m.
Ta c
2 2 2
3 4 5 . . . x a b c a b b c c a + +
Do
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2
2
2
3 3
4 4
5 5
a b c a a ab bc ca
b ab bc ca b c a b
c ab bc ca c a b c
+ + + +
+ + + +
' '
+ + + +
Nhn tng v ba phng trnh ta c ( ) ( ) ( )
2 15 a b b c c a + + +
Suy ra
2 15
5
2 15 15 15 15
3 5 4 3
2 15
4
a b
b c a b c
c a
+ + + + +
'
Suy ra
671
240
x
. Th li
671
240
x
tha mn phng trnh.
Vy phng trnh c nghim duy nht l
671
240
x
Cu II (4 im)
t A a b + , B c d + .
Ta c:
( ) ( )
2 2
0 1 . . 1 . . Aa B c Ab B d +
( )
( )
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
0 1 2 . 2 . 2 .
1 2 . 2 . 2 .
A a B c Aa Bc AB ac
A b B d Ab B d ABbd
+ + + +
+ + + +
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
0 2 2 2 2 A a b B c d A a b B c d AB ac bd + + + + + + + +
2 2 2 2
0 2 2 2 0 A B A B + + +
2 2
2 A B + (pcm)
Du bng sy ra v d vi: ( )
2 2 2 2
, , , ; ; ;
2 2 2 2
a b c d
_
,
v cc hon v.
Cu III ( 4 im)
Gi
1 2 3
; ; G G G
l trng tm cc tam gic MEF, NDF, QDE tng ng.
Gi
1 2 3
; ; I I I
l hnh chiu vung gc ca I ln PM, PN, PQ v O l trng tm
1 2 3
GG G
1,0
1,5
1,0
0,5
0,5
1,0
1,0
1,0
Ta c
1
3 OF OG OE OM + +
uuuur uuur uuuur uuur
2
3OG OD ON OF + +
uuuur uuur uuur uuur
Suy ra
1 2
3GG MD EN +
uuuuur uuuur uuur
Mt khc :
1 2 2 1
I I II II EN MD +
uuur uur uur uuur uuuur
Suy ra
1 2 1 2
1
3
GG I I
uuuuur uuur
Tng t
3 1 3 1
1
3
G G I I
uuuuur uuur
v
2 3 2 3
1
3
G G I I
uuuuur uuuur
Suy ra
1 2 3
GG G
ng dng vi
1 2 3
I I I
theo t s
1
3
.
m ng trn ngoi tip
1 2 3
I I I
c ng knh bng IP suy ra pcm.
Cu IV ( 4 im)
+) Nhn xt ( )
3 3 mod8
x
nu x l s l , ( )
3 1 mod8
x
nu x l s chn.
+) Xt phng trnh trong (mod 3) ta c :
( ) ( )
1 1 mod3
t
t chn.
+) Xt phng trnh trong (mod 5)ta c ( ) ( )
2 2 mod5 2 1 mod5
t z t z
(do t>z)
t z
chia ht cho 4, suy ra z l s chn.
+) Xt phng trnh trong (mod 4) c ( ) ( )
( )
( )
0 1 1 mod4
x z
+
Suy ra x, z khng cng tnh chn l, m z l s chn suy ra x l s l.
+)Do
3 .5 7 3.5 7 21 6
x y z
t + +
Xt trong (mod8) c ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
1
0 3 . 3 1 mod8 3 1 mod8
x y z y
x y
+
+
+
Nu y l s chn th ( )
3 1 mod8
x y +
, khng th sy ra.
Vy y l s l v ( )
3 1 mod8
x y +
+) Ta c t, z l s chn nn
2 ; 2 t m z n
vi m, n l cc s nguyn dng v
3 m
Khi phng trnh
2 2
2 7 3 .5
m n x y
( ) ( )
2 7 2 7 3 .5
m n m n x y
+
Do 2 7 , 2 7
m m m n
+ l nguyn t cng nhau nn c cc trng hp sau .
TH
1
:
2 7 3 (1)
2 7 5
m n x
m n y
'
T (1) suy ra ( ) ( )
3 1 mod8
n
x
( do x l),khng tn ti
TH
2
:
2 7 5
2 7 3 (2)
m n y
m m x
'
+
T (2) suy ra ( ) ( )
3 1 mod8
n
x
( do x l), khng tn ti.
TH
3
:
2 7 3 .5 (3)
2 7 1 (4)
m n x y
n m
+
'
Xt (4) c ( )
2 7 1 2 1 mod7
m n m
+
suy ra m =3.k vi k nguyn dng.
0,5
1,0
1,0
1,0
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
Nh th ( )
( ) ( )
3 2
4 3 1 7 2 1 2 2 1 7
k n k k k n
+ +
( )
2
2 1 7 5
2 2 1 7 (6)
k a
k k b
'
+ +
vi a + b = n; b>a ; a,b
Thay (5 vo (6) c
2
7 3.7 3 7
a a b
+ +
Nu 1 a ly ( mod7) ta c ( )
3 0 mod7
v l
Vy a = 0, t suy ra
1; 1; 3; 6; 2: 1; 1 k n m t z x y
Th li thy b
6; 1; 1; 2 t x y z
tha mn phng trnh.
Cu V( 4 im)
Theo gi thit ta c cc gc ca bt gic li l 135
o
v kt hp vi gi thit tn ti
cnh song song vi Ox ta bc c bt gic trong hnh ch nht.(nh hnh v)
Gi
1, 2,...,8
i
C i
l s im nguyn trn cc cnh (nh hnh v ) khng tnh
nh.
Ta c +)
1 2 8
... 8 C C C + + +
+)
1 2 8 4 5 6
C C C C C C + + + +
2 3 4 6 7 8
C C C C C C + + + +
Suy ra
( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 8 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1
2 2 2 2
2
C C C C C C C C C C C C C C + + + + + + + + + + + +
( )
2 4 6 8
1
8
2
C C C C + + + + (*)
Ta c din tch hnh ch nht bc bt gic l ( ) ( )
1 2 8 2 3 4
3 . 3 C C C C C C + + + + + +
Ta c din tch ca 4 tam gic vung cn bn gc l :
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
6 8 2 4
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
C C C C + + + +
+ + +
Vy din tch bt gic l :
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 8 2 3 4
2 2 2 2
6 8 2 4
3 . 3
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
S C C C C C C
C C C C
+ + + + + +
1
+ + + +
+ + + 1
1
]
0,5
0,5
0,5
1,0
_ _
+ + + + + + +
, ,
+
Vy din tch bt gic li trong bi ln nht l 31.
Du bng sy ra
2 4 6 8
2 C C C C
v
1 3 5 7
0 C C C C
( hnh v bn
cnh).
0,5
1,0
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5