ON NATURE/CULTURE 1. Sociology 2. 3. 4.

Edles: aesthetic = the best achievements of a people, high/low dichotomies ethnographic = complex whole which includes knowledge (etc) acquired by a man as a member of a society. symbolic = systems of shared symbols Thompson: descriptive = array of values, beliefs, customs (etc) characteristic of a society. symbolic = interpretation and internalization of signs structural = modification of symbolic, symbolic forms in structured contexts. ON ELIAS 3. - The Civilizing process traces the development of attitudes that shaped culture. - The way in which people interact with each other within different classes. - Polite, manners, consideration, hygiene, restrained, controlled, reluctance to violence. - Self-consciousness of the West, belongs to the West. - Talks about itself (accomplishments etc.) 4. Sociogenesis = the evolution of a society or group Psychogenesis = psychology in the generation of manners. 5. The structure of the state had the monopoly of violence. The state legitimizes that it has the authority to us violence in order to implement its rule. 6. ON POPULAR CULTURE AND THE BCSS 1. Frankfurt School -> popular culture is a product of the cultural industries and creates hegemonic ideals/practices. BCSS -> post-strucural 10. Popular culture = ideas, attitudes and overall preferences that are approved and adopted by the public. ON BOURDIEU 1. Habitus = the preferences, aspirations of a particular group that is acquired through one's activities throughout life.

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Cultural capital cultural goods & services, social capital (relationships), symbolic capital (legitimation) and economic capital (wealth & property)

STUART HALL Jamaican mixed ethnicity, working-class -> exposure to racial and class stratification. Highly into politics -> USSR invasion of Hungary showing how Communism was used for negative purposes New Left = denial of Communism, non-Marxist but Socialist. Emphasizing ethnicities on TV Classlessness -> Marxist theory, capitalism leads to class division which eliminates individualism. What Hall is advocating is a reformulating of modern socialism as it pertains to the present.