M800 Optical Channel Shared Protection

Transmission & CAF Department

Contents
OPCS protection principle OPCS card function OPCS protection configuration

OPCS protection principle

A four-node system is used as an example to illustrate the dual-fiber bidirectional channel shared protection of 100M supervisory channel at the WDM channel layer. Figure below shows the topology of a four-node network.

A A

B B

C C

D D

A A

Below mentioned are the protection routes when no switch occurs. Below mentioned are the protection routes when the switch occurs. A B Working path from A to B Protection path A D D C B Protection path from A to B A form A to B B C Working path from B to C Protection path B Protection path from B to C B A A D C from B to C C D Working path from C to D Protection path C B B A D C from C to D Protection path from C to D Working Path from D to A Protection path from D to A D D A C Protection path from D to A D C B A

1. The fig. above shows the unidirectional services , the whole ring occupies only one wavelength of the system. 2. The OPCS belongs to same-wavelength protection. The direction of the protection path and the working path is opposite. 3. The protection path is shared by the whole ring, and OPCS protection can only protects single-section failure.

4. The protection services from B to A, C to B, D to C, and A to D occupy same wavelength number which is different with the wavelength number occupied by the working services between them.
5. The bidirectional services between A and B, between B and C, between C and D, and between D and A are transmitted by different wavelength number. Descriptions above are the soul of the OPCS principle.

OPCS in normal working state

Internal ring: Shared protection path

External ring: : Working path

Optical switch The service path when OPCS is in normal working state

The fig. above only shows the unidirectional services from A to D

OPCS in switchover state

Internal ring: Shared protection path

External ring: Working The pathservices path when the OPCS is in switchover state The services path when the OPCS is in normal state

Optical switch

The fig. above only shows the unidirectional services from A to D

Environment Description Service configuration: Bidirectional service is configured between A and B, between B and C, and between C and A. The wavelength numbers occupied are 1 and 2.
NE A Wavelength 2 B 1 2 C 1 2 A 1

A2

1 2B

A direction: Standing in the ring, we define the clockwise direction as A direction. B direction: Standing in the ring, we define the anti-clockwise direction as B direction. A side: Facing the equipment, we define the left side as the A side.

B side: Facing the equipment, we define the right side as the B side.
The even number of the A direction is defined as the working wavelength and the odd number of the B direction is the working wavelength.

2
ADROP

ADROP

BPO BWO
1 2

API AWI
1 2

BPO BWO

API AWI
1

BPO BWO
2

API AWI
1 2

BWI BPI
BDROP

AWO APO
AADD BDROP

BWI BPI
BADD

AWO APO
BADD BDROP

BWI BPI

AWO APO

AADD

AADD

AADD

BADD

ADROP

AWOBPOAADD BWOAPOBADD ADROPAWI BDROPBWI

A2

B
Services diagram of OPCS in normal working state.

2A

AB Working path2 AB Protection path2

BA Working path1 BA Protection path1

BADD

Service Analysis in OPCS Normal Working State

Figure above shows the OPCS normal working state. It is obvious that: 1.The OPCS belongs to same-wavelength protection. The service added on AADD is transmitted respectively on the working channel (AWO) and protection channel (BPO) towards the A direction and B direction, and the wavelength is not changed. The service added on BADD is transmitted respectively on the working channel (BWO) and protection channel (APO) towards the A direction and B direction and the wavelength is not changed.

Service Analysis in OPCS Normal Working State

2. To some extent, the service transmission on the working and protection channel is simultaneous, but the service of the protection channel in the working state does not reach the destination NE. The service of the protection channel stops transmission when it reaches the next NE. 3. In the working state, all ADROPs of the OPCS choose to receive the service transmitted by the working channel (AWI) on the A side of NE. All BDROPs of the OPCS choose to receive the service transmitted by the working channel (BWI) on the B side of NE.

The OPCS at this point is in the B direction switchover state AWOBPOAADD BWOAPOBADD ADROPAWI BDROPAPI
BDROP ADROP

The OPCS at this point is in the A direction switchover state AWOBPOAADD BWOAPOBADD ADROPBPI BDROPBWI

The OPCS at this site is in the pass state AWOAADD BWOBADD ADROPAWI BDROPBWI BPOAPI APOBPI
ADROP

API AWI
1

BPO BWO

API AWI
1

BPO BWO
2

API AWI

BPO BWO

AWO APO

BWI BPI
AADD BADD

AWO APO
ADROP BDROP AADD BADD

BWI BPI

AWO APO
BDROP

BWI BPI

AADD

Service Diagram after OPCS Switchover

AB Working path2 AB Protection path2

BA Working path1 BA Protection path1

BADD

 Fig. above shows that: NE A:Because the fiber failure occurs on the B side of NE A, the service of B direction working channel is interrupted. To ensure that NE A can receives the service from B, the OPCS must switch over and choose to receive the service transmitted on the protection channel from A direction. It is called that B direction switchover occurs on NE A. At this time, the STA indicator is green. NE B:Because the fiber failure occurs on the A side of NE B, the service of A direction working channel is interrupted. The OPCS executes the protection action and chooses to receive the service transmitted on the protection channel from B direction. It is called that A direction switchover occurs on NE B. At this time, the STA indicator is red

 NE C: Take the service from NE A to NE B as an example: After the fiber failure occurs, the transmission path of the protected service is ACB. But in the working state, the service transmitted on the protection channel of NE A (APO) does not reach the destination NE B. Instead, the service stops at NE C. To enable the service on the protection channel to reach the destination NE B, the OPCS optical switch of NE C performs an action to allow the direct connection between API and BPO. This state is called PASS state. In the same manner, the BPI and APO will also be directly connected. The services added on AADD and BADD are respectively transmitted on the working channels AWO and BWO. At this time, the protection channel transmits the protected service of NE A and NE B. The protected service of NE C is not transmitted.

 NE C: The ADROP still chooses to receive the service sent by the working channel AWI and BDROP chooses to receive the service sent by the working channel BWI.

Contents
OPCS Protection Principle OPCS card function OPCS protection configuration OPCS Protection trouble shooting

OPCS (Optical Channel Shared Protection Board )

The OPCS provides shared channel protection in the ZXMP M800. It does so by detecting channel failures and switching optical

channels in case of line failures. The OPCS receives and executes

the protection handover or recovery command from the OSCF board. The handover and recovery are implemented via the

optical switch on the board.

Function Schematic Diagram of the OPCS

Working path Protecting path Working path Protecting path Direction-A add optical signal Direction A drop optical signal Working path Protecting path Optical switch control Working path Protecting path Direction-B add optical signal Direction B drop optical signal

Direction B

Direction A

Detection and control circuit

OPCS Panel
AWO

APO

BWO

BPO ADROP BDROP

AWI

API

BWI

BPI AADD BADD

Internal ring interface

1. 2. 3. 4. Card running indicator Laser alert flag Optical switch state indicator Optical interface

External ring interface

Working Principle
T11

Reserved wavelength channel ( 1) in Internal ring

T21 Changeover node

T31

Adding channel, dropping channel T41 Changeover node

OPCS Working Principle

A-direction A A Access switch handover switch A AWO AWO A-direction B-direction B Access switch handover switch B-direction B

BBWI BWI B BPI BPI B BPO BPO BBWO BWO

A APO APO A API API A AWI AWI

AADD

A AADD

ADROP

A ADROP

BDROP

B BDROP

B BADD BADD

Four working states of OPCS card

A direction switchover state A direction optical switch 1X2 optical switch switches to BPI, all the other optical switches keep the original working states.

B direction switchover state B direction optical switch 1X2 optical switch switches to API, all the other optical switches keep the original working states.

Pass state The A direction and B direction access optical switch are in the pass state, namelyAPIBPOBPIAPO.

Idle state Both A direction and B direction optical switches are in the crossover state. I.e. API and BPI are stopped to send the services to the next NE. Both A direction and B direction optical switches do no action. I.e. ADROPAWI BDROPBWI

The STA indicator of OPCS card

Green: It indicates that the B direction optical switch is in crossover state. Red: It indicates that the A direction optical switch is in crossover state. Orange: It indicates that no protection events occur. Dark: It indicates that the optical switch is in pass state.

OPCS working statenormally working state A four-node system is consisted of NE A, NE B, NE C and NE D in a ring of clockwise layout.
BDROP AADD BDROP AADD

BWI API APO BPO

AWO API

BWI BPO

AWO API APO AWI BPO

D
BPI BWO APO AWI

A
BPI BWO

B
BPI

BADD

ADROP

BADD

ADROP

AADD=AWO=BPO BDROP=BWI

BADD=BWO=APO

ADROP=AWI

OPCS working statepass and changeover state

BDROP AADD BDROP AADD

BWI API APO BPO

AWO API

BPO

D
BPI BWO APO AWI

B
BPI

BADD

ADROP

BADD

ADROP

Pass stateAccess switch is in pass state AWO=AADD ADROP=AWI BWO=BADD

Changeover state A direction changeover state AADD=BPO BADD=BWO ADROP=BPI BDROP=BWI

B direction changeover state

AADD=AWO BADD=APO ADROP=AWI BDROP=API

BDROP=BWI
API=BPO APO=BPI

Location of OPCS
OSCL
Line ODF Client ODF ODF

ODU OTU

OMU

OPA

OBA AWI API AWO OMU APO OPCS BWO BPO BWI BPI ODU OPA OTU

OBA

Client ODF

Fix Attenuator FC/PC Connector

LAC

Triggering Mechanism of Protection Switchover

Multiplex Section Triggering Mechanism Multiplex section triggering mechanism is a type of detection at the optical layer. The incoming optical power of OPA is used as the detection point and the LOS alarm generated by the OPA is used as the triggering condition. After the processing of APS protocol, the internal optical switch of the OPCS of each site is triggered to take actions to realize the protection purpose. When the line failure is removed, the system resumes its original working state.

Triggering Mechanism of Protection Switchover

Multiplex Section Triggering Mechanism This triggering mechanism detects the main optical power of the line. The change of main line optical power caused by the failure of one channel is insufficient to meet the triggering condition. Thus, the protection of service on a single channel cannot be realized. The protection is triggered only when the optical fiber on the OMS span is faulty. The triggering sensitivity is limited and the protection for the service channel cannot be realized.

OPCS Triggering Mechanism

OPCS triggering mechanism is a type of triggering mechanism at the optical layer. The optical power of the OPCS working channel configured with the service is detected and the LOS alarm generated is used as the triggering condition. The OSC board receives the APS failure information generated by the OPCS board, transmits and monitors the K1 and K2 bytes in real time, and generates a control word according to the APS algorithm. Then it sends the APS switchover command to the OPCS to realize the channel protection. When the LOS alarm of the working channel disappears, the OPCS optical switch recovers the working state.

OUT Triggering Mechanism

OUT triggering mechanism is a detection mechanism at the electronic layer. The quality of the transmitted service is detected by the service board OUT or GEM and the LOS, LOF, and B1 error code generated by the service board are used as the triggering conditions. After the processing of APS protocol algorithm, the APS switchover command is sent to the OPCS so that the optical switch of the board take action immediately to allow the OUT or GEM to receive the service from the protection channel. This triggering mechanism has one defect: The OUT or GEM board can detect either the service from the working channel or service from the protection channel at a time and cannot detect them at the same time. After the switchover, the OUT board carries the service from the protection board. Even if the service of working channel is recovered, the OPCS switchover cannot be triggered. Thus, this switchover is irreversible.

OUT Triggering Mechanism

But this triggering mechanism features high sensitivity. Upon the commissioning of the site or before the service is added, it is recommended not to use this method. The number of switchovers of the OPCS optical switch is limited. Too frequent switchover will reduce the service life of the OPCS.

Contents
OPCS Protection Working Principle OPCS card introducing OPCS protection configuration OPCS Protection trouble shooting

OPCS protection configuration

TX1 TX2 TX3

OTU OTU OTU

1 2 3
OMU

Hierarchy of DWDM System

ODU

1 2 3

OTU OTU OTU

RX1 RX2

OBA

OLA

OPA

RX3

OTS

OTS

TXn

OTU

n
OMS

OTU

RXn

OAC

OCH

OAC

Optical transmission network can be divided into four layers: OTSOMS OCH and OAC, the relationship between the contiguous layers is client and server.

OAC: Consisted of various client traffic (SDHPDHATMIPetc.) ,in E300 SNMS service research view, its called service. OCH: providing P2P optical channel for transmitting various client traffic transparently, OH of optical channel configuring is processed in this layer.

OMS: Providing connection function for multi-wavelength.

OTS: Transmitting optical signal on different media(G.652,G.653,G.655 Fiber).

Mainly steps:
Link configuration including inter link configuration and inner configuration Service search Configure Protection Group Calculate Multicast Group Route

Link configuration including inter link configuration and inner configuration

Inter Link configuration

Select SrcNE and DestNEthen select the correlative cards such as OA or SDMT, click add button and apply button. No need to configure the link of LAC and LACG card.

Inner connection of NEs: This is the most important step of OPCS protection configuration, GUI can search OTS/OMS/OCH services depended on it. If any mistake made here, the OPCS changeover will fail.

Mainly configuration steps:

Link configuration including inter link configuration and inner configuration Service search Set up Protection Group Calculate Multicast Group Route

Open the WDM SNMS view:

Start the SNMS Start Configuration function

Open the Resource Management menusearch OTS/OMS/OCH services.

If some traffic already exists, it will be displayed in the window.

If need to find out new traffic, click Service Search button.

New services will be found out and displayed in blue color, select all the services marked invalid flag and click Apply button, active all the services.

Mainly configuration steps:

Link configuration including inter link configuration and inner configuration Service search Configure Protection Group Calculate Multicast Group Route

Click OMS Protect menu, then start to configure the OPCS protection on EMS:

Caution: Select the NES in clockwise direction, or abnormal issue will happen if the OPCS switches.

Create a new protection named WDM OCH shared protection Ring Optical-cross Wavelength, add the Nes to the new protection group one by one in clockwise direction, then click the sendpart button.

After the command successfully, click the next button

Click set all ne button marked NO.1 in the below fig., after it indicates success, then choose Simple Resist menu bar options marked NO.2, click set all ne button marked NO.3, then click the next button.

Configure the correlative ports and choose the working services, before you start this step, please keep the WDM SNMS VIEW running. Choose the ports as per the desire. If the service drop between two sites named A and B, then select two working services between these two sites, one is from A to B, another is from B to A, at the same time, please notice the wavelength numben.

Mainly configuration steps:

Link configuration including inter link configuration and inner configuration Searching service in SNMS Set up Protection Group Calculate Multicast Group Route

Final step: Calculate NE Multicast Group Route, this has to be done, otherwise, protection group cant work.

Selecting protection group first, then calculate it, 225.X.0.0 indicates multicast group of rings, each ring has one.