2G Call Scenario (Advanced)

Idle Mode

O/G Mode

I/C Mode

B T S

AGCH

B T S

PCH AGCH

B T S

RACH
FCCH

RACH

SCH BCCH

SDCCH TCH

SDCCH TCH

SMS Overview

SMS stands for Short Message Service SMS supports the sending and receiving of text, images, animation and sound SMS messages are originated and received by Short Messaging Entities (SME). Examples of SMEs are: mobile phones; servers; personal computers

SMS messages contain up to 140 octets which is equivalent to:

160 Latin characters (7 Bit Coding) Text Mode 70 Unicode characters (double byte) e.g. Arabic Characters, Chinese Characters SMS messages can also contain up to 140 octets of binary information

Basic Network Architecture

SMSC

GMSC

MSC/ SGSN

MS

HLR

VLR

Basic Network Architecture

1. Short Message Service Centre (SMSC) stores-andforwards messages 2. GMSC receives messages from the SMSC, interrogates the HLR for routing information and forward the messages to the MSC or SGSN 3. GMSC receives messages from the MSC or SGSN and forwards them to the SMSC 4. Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) performs packet switching functions for mobile stations in a geographical area. The SGSN is used instead of the MSC when SMS info is transferred over GPRS.

Message Flow SM-MT

SMSC
Message

GMSC

HLR MSC

VLR

MS

Transfer

sendRoutingInfoForShortMsg forwardShortMessage sendInfoForMT-SMS Page Authenticate Deliver Report SM-Delivery Message Transfer

Delivery Report

ReportStatus

Message Flow SM-MO

SMSC SMSIWMSC HLR MSC VLR MS
Access Request

Authenticate
Message Transfer sendInfoForforwardShortMessage Message Transfer Delivery MO-SMS

Report

Delivery Report

Delivery Report

Service Centre Functionality

The SC should be capable of : - submitting a short message to an MS, retaining the responsibility of the message until

1) the report has been received; or 2) the validity period expires.

- receiving a short message from an MS. - returning a report to the PLMN for previously received short

message.

SMS - GMSC Functionality

- reception of short message TPDU. - inspection of the parameters. - interrogating the HLR for mobile subscriber routing information. - transferring a short message to the MSC using routing information obtained from HLR.

- receiving a report associated with short message from

the MSC and forwarding it to HLR and SC.

MSC Functionality [ SM -MT ]

- reception of short message from GMSC. - receiving information from VLR ie location area address. - transferring the short message to the MS.

- relaying the delivery confirmation to the SMS-GMSC in a

delivery report.

MSC Functionality [ SM -MO ]

- reception of short message from MS. - inspection of TPDU parameters. - examination of destination address. - transferring the short message to the SMS-IWMSC. - On receiving a report of the short message from the SMSIWMSC, relaying the report to the MS.

SMS - IWMSC Functionality

- reception of short message from MSC. - transferring the short message to the SC.

- If a report associated with the short message is received from

the SC, -relaying the report to the MSC.

- On getting Alert from HLR, SMS-IWMSC will :

- inspect the SC address. - transfer the alert message to the SC.

Prepaid Call

Originating Prepaid Charged call

Prepaid Call
MSC/VLR functions identify that the call requires a MIN service and contacts the SSF. SSF determines which SCF must be contacted for the service and identifies the call data, which must be sent to the SCF. The SSF requests instructions from the SCF about how to implement the MIN service.

The SCF executes the logic for the requested service and retrieves the necessary data from the SDF.
The SCF sends instructions to SSF about the processing of the service.

Prepaid Call

The SSF performs actions to process the service,

interacting with the MSC/VLRs call control functions where necessary.

Originating Charged Call 1(3)

1. The call is initiated from the PPS subscriber. The OICK (Originating IN Call Key) in the VLR routes the call to the SSF.
2. The SSF invokes the SCP where data about the call is collected to be transferred to the SDP (Service Data Point)-Prepaid. 3. The data collected in Step 2 is sent to the SDPPrepaid where the Service Scenario of the account is checked and Charging Analysis takes place. Allowing and Barring Lists are also checked at this stage.

Originating Charged Call 1(3)

4. The SDP-Prepaid sends the result of the calculated call duration together with call data such as announcements to be played. Further on the SCP orders the SSF to set up the call and to supervise it based on the call duration calculated by the SDP-Prepaid.

Originating Charged Call 1(3)

1 HLR

S MSC/ S VLR F

2 SCP 4

3 VMS

Rating Engine

IVR

Originating Charged Call 2(3)

5. If the call lasts longer than the call duration sent to the SSF, the SSF notifies the SCP.
If there is still money left on the PPS subscribers account the SCP can request the SDP-Prepaid to make another deduction from the account. If such a request is made the SDP-Prepaid will make a new Charging Analysis and send down the new call duration to the SCP which will pass it on to the SSF.

Originating Charged Call 2(3)

HLR

MSC/ VLR

S S F

5 SCP

Rating engine

VMS

IVR

Originating Charged Call 3(3)

6. The call is ended.

7. The SSF notifies the SCP on the call disconnection and a Final Report is sent from the SCP to the SDPPrepaid. It contains the remaining call duration which is re-calculated back into monetary units and added back to the account.
8. If USSD notification is used the SDP-Prepaid will send the USSD information to the HLR.

CRBT
Content Repository Registration Server

CRBT play Intelligent peripheral (IP) Ring Back Tone SS7 links

Voice Conversation (CRBT turned off) Calling party MSC Receiver Switch (MSC) Called party

CRBT Components
MSC-SSP ( in-built into the Switch) Media Player Registration Server Content Repository

Similar to IN based solution. In this case the SCP functionality is derived from the switch through a potential switch upgrade / purchase of CRBT feature from switch vendor

Call flow for CRBT(Switch based)

Calling Party
Initiate a Call IAM ACM

MSC

Receiver MSC

HLR

IP

Called Party

SRI

SRI ACK + CRBT ON

Page the receiver IAM ACM ANM

Ring Back Tone

Answer REL RLC

Voice Conversation (CRBT turned off)

Voice Conversation

MMS Call Flow