Gii Thiu Chung -TB iu khin l h t ng cc b VD : - My pht : Thng s cn iu khin U,f a) - n p : U - ng c : I,M,W Suy ra ni dung : -Thit lp s nguyn l thit

t b -Tnh chn phn t trong h -Tnh ton h thng Bi 1 Cc loi thit b iu khin ( TBT )

Phn t iu khin

B bin i

Phn t CH

Phn hi

Phn loi theo nhiu du hiu khc nhau VD : - H duy tr xt = const - H tu ng xt bt k,ngu nhin - H phng trnh xt hm cho trc Suy ra ch hc v cc h iu khin ( h duy tr ).T y suy ra cc h khc. Cc bc tnh ton thit k 1 thit b iu khin Yu cu thit k - p ng c cc yu cu cng ngh cho trc. + Xut pht t a ch s dng ( dng lm g ) + Ch tiu, s liu cng ngh :
1

BI 2

VD : P, w, D, Ik , dw/dt. Sn phm - S ca thit b ( h thng ). - Chn c, ch c cc phn t trong h - Thng s v c tnh lm vic ca h. VD : xmax , xmin ,xt dm ,xramax ,xm . c tnh c, c tnh qu h thng in. Cc bc tnh ton : 1. Ly s liu : tm hiu yu cu tng th. - S liu my sn xut (Mc (Fc), Vmy ) suy ra I, Wc, Pc - Yu cu cng ngh. - S liu ngun in. - Nhng yu cu khc ( kinh t, nng lc vn, mI trng) 2. Tnh chon - Tnh chn P, W m, loi , cp in p,ch ph ti 3. D kin ( thit k s b ) s nguyn l chung ca h thng (h, khng t ng ) VD: ng c mt chiu ,chn h CL_ - cng sut 100kW suy ra CL 3fa cu_ - cng sut 1kW suy ra CL 1fa cu_. a ra mt s suy ra so snh suy ra chn. (k tha: da vo nhng h c, ly tng t ). 4. Tnh chn cc phn t trong s ( ch yu chn trc (bc 2 ) suy ra ta chn bin i phn t iu khin),c th 2 phn ny l mt. 5. tnh ton cc thng s v c tnh tnh ca h t ng ( tnh ton tnh ). a ,lp s t ng ( c khu t tn hiu phn hi cc tn hiu u ra v cc tn hiu trung gian).d kin loi h r ng. - H duy tr c sai s tnh (h tnh ). - H phi tuyn. b ,Tnh ton h s phn hi v chn cc phn t trong mch phn hi.

c ,Dng c cc c tnh vo ra ca phn t iu khin hoc ca b bin i. d ,Dng c tnh tnh ca h t ng. e ,nh gi cht lng tnh ca h. - Cc thng s bin ca h. - chnh xc duy tr i lng c iu khin. - . Thng s bin: xt m (Ut ) suy ra Wm , Im Um.,Uphi (m). - xt max <=> xmax. - xt min <=> xmin. chnh xc quan tm nht l ss tc w% = wo.um.100% /w l cho trc t yu cu cng ngh. f ,kim nghim cc s liu tnh trn. Nu cht lng khng t yu cu th phI chn li hoc tnh li cc thng s trn. + Xph, kph. + H s khuch i ca h thng. k = kbd.k.bptk (thng pht trin cht lng th b tng ) VD :khi cht lng (tnh) thp th phI tng bph 6. Tnh ton ng lc h t ng a, Thit lp s chc nng h t ng b, Vit hm truyn ca cc phn t v tm hm truyn ca h t ng. c, Kho st n nh tnh ca h t ng (da vo cc tiu chun xt n nh). d, i vi trng hp khng n nh tnh ton chn khu hiu chnh ( c th dng cc phng php gin tip). e, Dng c tnh qu x = f(t) /xdat=const,nh gi cc ch tiu cht lng ng. - S ln dao ng. - xmax. -

xmax

xmax% = xmax.100%/x 60%.

BI 2 Tnh ton cng sut iu chnh - Gn hai loi : + Loi khng iu chnh :ch lm vic mt cp . + Loi c iu chnh :lm vic nhiu cp khc nhau, tc c iu chnh bng in. *, Trc ht tnh ton cng sut yu cu chn ( thng thng ) loi khng iu chnh cho kt qu cc thng s nh mc ca . *, Kim nghim theo iu kin iu chnh. => Chn s b kim nghim theo iu kin pht nng, qu tI, khi ngkim nghim theo iu kin iu chnh. 1. L thuyt pht nng v lm ngui ca . - Tnh ton nhit khi lm vic, nhit cho php ca vt liu cch in trong . - ng in vi cng sut c Pc Trong ng c tn tht p.
p = Pc . 1

 Gy ra nhit theo hm m ( thay nhit bng ( t) hay nhit sai ) -( b- Tn :h s thi gian nhit.
o

)e-t/Tn

C Tn = A

A :h s tn nhit ca D C :nhit dung ring ca D

Pc
nn

Pc

Pc

Pc1 ng

Ngt
t

t1

t2

p1
t T1 T2 T3

Chia ra cc khong thi gian t1, t2, t3 - Trong t1 ;

P1

b1

=0

(t) tng

to3=p3 to2=p2 to1=p1

- Trong t2 : - Trong t3 :

o2

o3

Khi Pc(t) l ng nhiu bc (t) l mt ng rng ca. xut hin max cp vi cp l nhit sai cho php ca , c quyt nh bi vt liu cch in. - Nu Pc (t) vi t dI max ; tb chn cng sut c th theo 1 trong 2 thng s ny (t) Pc(t) 2, Phn loi th ph tI : 3loi - DI hn - Ngn hn - Ngn hn lp li Tng ng 3 ch lm vic ca chn cng sut cn c vo ch lm vic, loi ph ti 3, VD : Tnh chn cng sut cho tait dI hn ( dng cho ch lm vic dI hn ). Gi thit c mt ph tI dI hn bin i Pc(t)

P 2 P 3 =

b2

= =

c1

, 2(t) tng , 3(t) gim

b2

c2

Pc(t)

Pc2 Pc1

Pc3

t1

t2

t3

*, Bc 1: Chn s b ( ngun in cp in p, yu cu d kin ) - Tnh ton cng sut trung bnh Pctb =

ra P - C trng hp th ph tI cho theo m men Mc = f(t) Mctb =

Pci.ti ti

Chn Pm = 1,1 1,3 Pctb

Tra

C cng cc s liu cn thit th ph tI tnh

Mci.ti ti

Chn Mm 1,1 1,3 Mctb

Thng s Pm, Mm, Im, Mmax, J *, Bc 2: Kim nghim theo iu kin pht nng - Xy dng th ph tI ton phn ( th ph tI chnh xc ) gm ph tI tnh( Pc, Mc )cc ph tI xut hin trong qu trnh qu (Mk,Mhm) Tng ng vi loi cng sut ng. Hoc phI hiu chnh cc khong thi gian do nh hng ca cc thi gian qu trnh qu . Mng - J
dw dw dw ( qua h M-Mc= M= +Mc) dt dt dt

 Khng hoc khc xa th Mc=f(t) Pc=f(t) xc nh li cng sut hoc mmen kim nghim li cng sut .

Pc(M)

Pc2 J

Pc3

t1

t2

t3

*, Kim nghim li cng sut theo cc phng php sau : a, phng php tnh tn tht ttrung bnh, t th ph tI ton phn v quan h = f(p) v quan h p=f(t)
Ptb=

phng php ny tng i chnh xc vn l phI bit =f(t)

Ptb Pm

Pci.ti ti

so snh Pm ca

tb

cp

b, Phng php dng i lng ng tr v Pi, Ptb , Pm ph thuc vo I2 M2 P2 Pi I2 , Pm I2m Mng tr = Pngtr=

Mi.Mi.ti ti Pi.Pi.ti ti

Mt Mm Pt Pm

Ch : Trong mt s trng hp khi c s liu hoc do yu cu tnh ton c chnh xc cao ngui ta c th suy t th ph tI tnh tnh ( Pc, Mc )v ph tI ng lp nn th ph tI ton phn theo dng in I=f(t). It=

*, Kim nghim theo iu kin qu tI v khi ng MmaxD Mcmax trong ng c 1 chiu : MmaxD= (2 2,5)Mm CKB c: MmaxD ; Mth=x.Mm 0,81Mth nu xt n kh nng qu tI 10% CB coc : Mmax ; (2 2,5)Mm Mcmaxtrong cc my c kh = 2 Mm Mk Mco vi Mco mmen cn lc my khng quay. - a s my c kh Mco Mm - TI nng nh my vn chuyn, my ma st nht Mco Mm ng c 1 chiu : Mk ; (2 2,5)Mm CKB : Mk=Mnm=bM.Mk *, Bc 3: Kim nghim chn theo iu kin iu chnh nhit - Tiu chun kim nghim : i vi chn trn iu kin tho mn yu cu nhit l : c tnh momen tI cho php phI ph hp vi c tnh my sn xut Mccp(w) ; Mc(w) a, Mc(w) l c tnh c ca my sn xut - C 4 dng Mc = wq

Ii.Ii.ti ti

It Im

10

q=0 q=1

q=2

q=-1

- q0=0 c tnh cn trc - q=1 c tnh ma st nht - q=-1 c tnh my tin - q=2 c tnh qut gi. b, c tnh mmen tI cho php ca , Mccp = f(w).Mccp :mmen tI cho php ca . - nh ngha : mmen tI cho php l mmen sinh ra khi dng in trong mch bng dng in nh mc. Nu t trn trc mmen cn Mc=Mccp dng in I=Im. Nu iu chnh tc lm vic ca wlv=wm Mccp=Mm Nu wlv wm v I=Im th Mccp phng php iu chnh. - Ni chung mi loi v mi phng php iu chnh cho ta 1 quan h Mccp = f(w). *, i vi C1C: M= k.I. Mccp=k. .Im iu chnh bng in tr ph mch phn ng u=um=const Rt=R+Rf=var = m = const Mccp = b. .Im= Mk= const khng ph thuc vo w.

11

Mccp

M Mdm Phng php iu khin in p phn ng vi : u=var; R t

Ph hp vi tI cn trc

=const;

Mccp=k.Im. m= Mm=const. Phng php iu chnh t thng vi: u=um =const ; Rt=R = const ; = var. M= k. Im. bin thin. Xem k. ph thuc vo w t phng trnh cn

= m = const.

bng in p mch phn ng ta c:

12

Mccp

Mccp Mdm

U= E + I.R Um= E + Im.R = k. .w + Im.R Do Im.R nh nn b qua. k =

w Udm A Udm.Idm B = = Mccp= w w w w

Mccp

Ph hp vi tI my tin *, i vi my in xoay chiu: phng php thay i: f, u(stato), Rf.

13

M=

3I 2 .R2 t w0 .s

Mccp= 3I22m.R2t/ w0.s

Phng php iu khin: R R R2t=const ; 2 t =const = 2t S dm s

R2t= Rf + R2

Mccp =
w

3I 2 dm .R2 t w0 .s

A s

S=0

S=1

Mccp

Ph hp vi tI qut gi

*, Phng php iu chnh f: Lc thay i f iu chnh w th u kt hp vi iu chnh in p

=
M th = const ( Mc= Mm ) Mc u1 bin thin theo 2 du hiu : tn s v mmen trn

trc u*1= f*. M c* = f*. W *q VD : Mc = const ( tI cn trc ) c u1*=f* f1 =const Lun lun t c tiu chun Mccp(w) ph hp Mc(w) MthD(w) ph hp Mc(w)
u

14

w w

Mth=const M Mc=const

S ph hp gia Mccp(w) v Mc(w) w

Mmax Mccp

wmax wmin

Mccp

Mmin

Mc

Mc

Ph hp Ton dI u c D= w min I= I m ti Mccp ; Mc I=Im y ti

wmax `

Khng ph hp t c iu kin w=w1 ; =

cp

15

w>w1 ;Mccp<Mc I>Im qu ti non ti Bi 3: Tnh ton khu hn ch dng in trong cc h c 1 chi 1, Vn hn ch dng in phn ng ca 1C ,My in.Nhng trng hp dng in ln trong 1C ( khi ng , hm ,hm ngc, tI sinh,ng nng, qu trnh qu , non tI, ngn mch ) - Ga tr cn hn ch Icp =( 2 2,5 )Im do iu kin pht nng , iu kin chuyn mch ( bo v c gp ) - Nu qu tI lu dI xt iu kin pht nng. - Nu qu dng ln xt iu kin chuyn mch VD: dng khi ng, o chiu,ngn mch - Nu c iu chnh t thng ( tc c nlv>nm ) th gim Icp ( tu loi ) 2, Nhng dng s hn ch dng in 1C - Tu theo mc ch cn hn ch dng in no v loi h truyn ng m ta c s rng (c nhng s dng chung cho tt c mc ch hn ch I) VD: Khi ng 1C t w=0 ti wm ( s hn ch Ik); h c ng vo u=um ; = m trong cc lc bn t ng hoc h iu khin rle dng in tr ph trong mch phn ng (3 5) cp w<w1 Mccp>Mc I<Im

16

1G u k

2G RDC

kt

Uu

Dng cng tc t 1G v 2G v b rle thi gian km theo. Khi hot ng k ng (E) vi ton b Rf Ik=Ikmax= R + Ruf 2 2,5 Im u Khi k m Rth k tnh tr (<1s). sau 1G ng ct 1 phn in tr. VD2 : Khi ng v tng tc t = 0 lv lv> m ( trng hp c iu chnh , lc lm vic < m vic khi ng xy ra qua 2 g G1 :nh trn , khi ng t =0 m vi m , u=um , Ruf=(3 5)cp ct dn ti 0. G2 :Khi tng tc khi = m , chuyn sang giai on 2. (cho tn hiu gim (I tng v vt Im)) Cn c khu hn ch I .

17 k u 1G 2G RDC

1G u k 11

2G RDC 2

kt 3

R 4

RDC

Start

k 6

7 k 9 1G 11 1Rth 1Rth 2Rth

10

12

14 2G 2Rth Rss 16

13

Trong c giai on 1 R v 13-16 thng, Rss ( = mmax)kt thc giai on mt 2G ng Rss mt in. Vo giai on 2 gim m w cha tng tng ng. I=
U u kw tng Rnt R Ru Rle tc ng theo kiu xung

3, S hn ch dng in trong cc B_ t ng vng kn

18

- Phn ln cc h thng gp l vng kn. - H/s I trong cc trung hp : khi ng, hm, i chiu, qu tI, ngn mach. Thng chnh nh cho khu hn ch dng hot ng trong mt khong. Ing I Idng Ing dng in phn ng gii hn qu tI nguy him Ing=1,5 1,7Im Idg Dng ngn mch cho php Idg=Icp=2 2,5 Im - H B_ : +, F_ +,CL_ gm CL lin tc v CL bm xung

Cam bien dong Khau han che dong

19

F Upi=IuRdo=KpiIu

Dng

Udat

Ung=Upi-U0

- My pht : Ud = kf Uf = kf kcl Udk - Chnh Lu : Ud= ud=udo cos = kfudk Ud Udk hiu chnh I Udk = f(I) Th hin bng mch phn hidng in (phn m ) - To ra c tnh rle theo tn hiu ( ngt dng)
Uping

Iu

c tnh rle ( ngt dng ) c th hin nh t hp( Dnd, U0 )

20

H s phn hi dng: Kpi=

U pi Iu

= Rdo

Chn U0= kpi.Ing *, Khi I<Ing th Upi<U0 Dng kho I<Ing khu phn hi khng tc ng ,Uping = 0 B lm vic trong gi tr Ut , Uk=Ut ub = kbUm = kb Udt
w= U b I u Rut I u Rut xc nh Ut ng vi Im =w 0 k k Rut kb I dm wm= k U dat - k W0

wdm wng I Idm Ing

Thay Ud , Ing vo phng trnh c tnh c wng= *, Khi I Ing Upi = kpi I Uo ng thng khu ngt hn ch I hot ng Uping= Upi U0 Uping= kpi ( I- Ing) Uk =Ut kpi ( I- Ing) Ub = kb Ut + kbkpi Ing kb kpi I
w= kb k pi Rut + kb k pi U b Rut I u k = b Udt + Ing I k k k k Rut + kb k pi k

w = w0 -

Nu cho B_ Kb , k , Rt t phn tch trn Ut

21

Cn xc nh kpi to ra Id= Icp thay w=0, I=Idg kpi - Gi khng i Ut ,Ing kpi nh hng ti tc dc ca TC quy nh gi tr Idg.
iu chnh Idg bng cch bin i kpi h s cm bin

dng in khch i khu phn dng iu chnh Ing bng cch thay i U0 . 4, Cm bin dng in : Ly ra upi I VD: Dng in tr Ro nh t nh hng ti R 7mV/100A. Gi tr in tr Ro t ph thuc vo mI trng lm vic. Thng dng h CL b cm bin pha xoay chiu.
I2

Upi
R0

Iu

Upi = Kccd . UR0 VD: Dng CLD cu 3 pha nh hnh v, KCLD = 2,34 URO= R0 . I2BD = R0 5 (v) I2= 140A chn BD loi 150/5 I2BD=
R0 =I2BD R0 < 1 m 5 140 < 5A 150

H s phn hi kpi =

U pi Iu

=KCLDkbd kiCLt

*, Ly Uping trong cc h o choir I o chiu upi o chiu Chn Dng theo trng hp nguy him nht khi I=Ing Upimax
22

Bi 4: Tnh ton khu phn hi tc Phn hi dng dng duy tr hay hn ch I hn ch M.

23

- Duy tr t ng : H c wlv chnh xc, chnh xc s% = w 100% dat s% scp theo yu cu cng ngh sn xut. w nhiu ph ti cng TC - Thc t s dng : wdt = w0 ca cp tc t w ss st tng i M Mm
w w

W0

s%=

Wo S%=

Mdm -

M M

Khi w cng thp th s cng ln ( wt= w0) tnh ton khu phn hi tc cp w0 min. 1, Nguyn l VD: dng h B_ - in p phn hi tc Upw=Uft=kpw.w Uk= Ut Upw = Ut kpw.w Vi w=
U b Rut I , Ub = kb Uk=kb (U - wkpw) k k k (U wk pw ) Rut Iu w= b d k k

24

Ub FT

Udk Upw

Udat

kb wk pw Rut I u kbU d k k k kbU d Rut I u kk kk w= k 1 + b pw - k 1 + b pw k k - Vit phng trnh TC thp nht tnh c s% max Ut min. w=

- Nu to ra s% max < scp th h s t yu cu cng ngh cho trc. Thay vo phng trnh Ut= Umin , I=Im s% max=
w <scp Utmin w0

*, C th xt n gin wc= const tt c cc cp . Xc nh c tnh cao nht theo s liu nh mc ca h xc nh theo Umin=
U d max D

25

D_ dI iu chnh tc xc nh kpw gn ng nhanh

wc

wc

Mdm

2, S thc t - Vi cc h iu khin theo B_, bao gi cng x mt c 2 khuI2phn hi theo I ( ngt), theo w ( lin tc).

R0

Udk

Upw=Upww -

Cho trc s liu , b bin i , Udkmax, kb , s liu ca qu trnh cng ngh sn xut my,scp Mmax , Icp , Ing .

26

- Kt qu: c tnh tnh

wc wdm

wmin

M(I) Idm Vung 1 Ing Idg Vung 2

Trc ht tnh ton khu phn hi tc ( vng 1 ) a, Xc nh cc thng s ca h ng gi tr nh mc - T s liu nh mc ca : wm nm trn ng TC cao nht (c U t max ) w=
kb k U kb k pw dat k Rut k kb kwp Im k

1+

1+

Xc nh kpw , Umax chn trc 1 trong 2 thng s .

VD: Chn trc kpw bng cch chn trc b cm bin (FT).VD FT 100v, 1000v/pht.
100 u FT Kpw =kpt = w = 1000.2. xc nh Umax FT 60 Kim tra c B, Ukmax =10v Udo= Umax =220 v

tnh Umax , kpw , wm= wmax phI c Ukmax= Umax- Um bpw =10v b, Tnh ton s liu trn TC thp nht wmin =
kb k U kb k pw d min k Rut k kb k wp Im k

1+

1+

27

wmax xc nh Ut min womin D wc scp Kim tra : w 0 min - Nu khng tho mn tng kpw v tng kb

1, Chn li cm bin 2, Dng thm khuch i thi gian. Vng 2: Tnh ton khu phn h dng. a, Vit phng trnh c tnh vng 2 vi 2 khu phn hi Uk =Ut kpw .w kpi I + kpiIng Uk =( Ut + kpiIng ) Kpw w kpiI Xc nh kpi cho Idg = Inm < Icp ( c k , kb , kpw ) - Vit phng trnh TC khi c c 2 khu phn hi Uk = vo Ub=kbUk
b ut I thay Ub vo phng trnh tc : w= k k

w( 1+

bwp

b )= k Ut + Ing b k

bb k pi

bbbpi + Rut b

Rut bb k pi bb + bbbpi k k b w= U + I bbb pw I bb bpw dat kb kwp ng 1+ 1+ 1+ b k k

28

W0

W0 wdm wng I Idm Ing Idg

Cho w = 0; Ut = Umax ; I = Icp tnh ra Kpi Ch Chn kpw v cc thng s tng ng - Trn TC thp nht c Umin - kpi TC cao nht , vi Umax Trong 2 bI 3, 4 xc nh cc thng s v c tnh ca h B_ Bc 4: Ca bn thit k b B_ - Tnh kb yu cu v K hay khng , c m bo scp - Kpw c m bo scp khng - Kpi m bo Icp - Chn Ing :Xc nh vng cn hn ch dng v dng TC ca h.

29

Bi 5 : Tnh ton v la chn cc phn t ch yu trong h iu khin ( l bc 3 trong bI ton thit k iu khin ) tnh ton cn c s ti th. VD h CL_
Ul=U1 BA

U2 KA D

KC

1, B chnh lu iu khin - BA _V _KC khng catt, KA_khng ant

30

- B to xung dch pha TX_DF ( ngoI ra cn c tb ng ct bo v ) - _cho trc bc 2. - S liu cho truc ca ant : Pm, Um , Im , nm , D= nm/nmin - Pm = Pd , Sba , Sa (mch tI ca chnh lu ) - Um Udmax Udo (in p chnh lu ln nht ) Udmax , Udo phI m bo cho lm vic ch M vi U = Um . Udmax = b wm + IRut Udmax ; Udo hoc Udo cos vi ; 5 100 R + Rb = R + R dc RCL = RBA +Rk + - Tnh s b st p ; 10% ca Udmax =Um + 10%Um - Tnh in p yu cu th cp ca MBA : Udo =
m 2 sin 2 m 2 u2 ud 0 Udo cos min min = 100 hoc U dmax= ku ku m XBA 2

u2 =

- S cp MBA : u1=u2 - H s bin p kba=u2/u1 - Dng in : Im Id Ivan Itb I2 . Ivan= ki Id -kitb tia 3 pha l 1/3 - Kt tia 3 pha l
1 3

I2 =kvan Ivan ( th cp bin p ) I1= I2 /kba Vi BA c U1 ; U2 ; I1 ; I2 th SBA=

m1 I1U1 + m2 I 2U 2 2

2, Cun khng ant ( cun khng pha xoay chiu ca CL ) *, Tc dng - gim p ngun U2 + CL khng c BA + CL dng BA khng ph hp ( VD: BA in lc ) - Gim tc dng qua tiristor : Theo catalog tiristor c (diT/dt) cp hn ch diT/dt do Xluoi ,XBA .Nu khng th cn phI thm XBA .

31

- s khng c BA - CL c BA : xBA nh khng hn ch . BACL c un% ln ,BAL un% = 3 5 % BACL c un% = 8 12 % *, Cch tnh a, Tnh KA theo tc dng gim p: U2 v U2 yu cu (in p yu cu cn to ra Udo/ku) Udo=Udmax ; Um UBA = U2 U2yc UBA = U2 U2yc = U ni trn khng khi U dng in IKA =I2BA ( gi tr hiudng ) SBA m UkAIkA b, Tnh KA theo 2: tnh ra m bo ( di/dt)cp

U2a

U2b

I+1

Khi Ti+1 m c It u2b u2a =L

di diT ; U2dmax ; L yc( t ) cp dt dt

2LKA = L yc LBA ; IKA = I2BA 3, Khong catt ( khng pha 1c ca CL) - Lc thnh phn xoay c ca dng in CL ( dng ti ) - Hn ch vng dng in gin on trong ti (i=id) m bo cho i ,id lin tc c bit coi trng trong cc s CL cp cho phn ng . Khi I = nhp nh lm vic khng n nh , tng khng nhanh hn ch.

32

Ud , id

-Trong cc s CL thun nghch dng trong cc h thun nghch ( h truyn ng o chu ) Hn ch dng in k sinh trong 2 nhm thun v nghch ca CL dng cn bng Icb . a, Tnh kc lc thnh phn xoay chiu ca i d (i) u= f( t) ud - udo cos = sin nhau Fk=kmf (f_li dng th cp MBA, m_s fa, k_bc sng hi) Hiu dng Uk= Ch cn tnh kh nng lc hn ch dng c k=1 sng hI c bn
L Uk=1 Id(k=1) = mL L uk =1
yc

Thnh phn xoay c c cha cc sng hI tn s khc

2U 2 cos m

2U do cos 1 + k 2 m 2tg 2 k=1 ln nht 2 2 k m

vi Id( k=1 ) ; 10%Im

max khi max Php tnh theo D wmint = wm/D udmin=udo cos max =kwmin +Im(R+RCL) tm c max U(k=1, max )
yc

33

yc

uk = 1, 2 max = m10 0 0 I dm Lyc = L

yc

b, Tnh khang cch hn ch dng gin on trong phn ng : Cn bit T vn nng ca b CL

E* tg

2
max

Id*

U 2m Id E Ta c E* = U 2 dm ; I*d = I 2 max ; I2m = R ;R

=RBA+R - Tnh gi tr max ( ng vi wmin, udmin ) - Xc nh dng in khng ti ca :I0 = 10%Im Io* = I0 /I2m. t I0* ln trc honh , dng trn th ca h TV ln th c max tg yc ( yc gc pha ca mch CL).
L = R tg L i

ik = - i -iBA c, Tnh khong cch trong cc b t ng o choir , hn ch dng cn bng gia 2 nhm CL

34

KCB

- Khi iu khin chung chn 1 = 2 ud1 ; ud2 nhng vn chu ud1 khc ud2 ti tng thi im. - Icb sinh ra do ucb= ud1- ud2 Icb< Icbcp .(10%Im ).
Icb U cb = L , tnh ucb theo s ni mi nhm CL L cho trong TLTK ng

v s ni 2 nhm CL.
Tm ra icb Icb cho Icbcp

cong ucb=f( )

35

Ucb*

So do tia 3fa song song nguoc

So do cau 3fa song song nguoc

30

60

U*cb = U 2max Ly gi tr Ucbmax ca s Lkc = ( yc -2LBA )

L

U cb

Bi 6: Chn phn t v tnh ton c tnh cng tc ca h k kb bng b c pha thyistor

36

1, S nguyn l K ca h ( h k 3fa ) - Dng b bin i in p xoay chiu ( b iu chnh fa T ) 3 fa i xng v khng i xng. +, Loi 3fa i xng c th dng: - c dy trung tnh - khng c dy trung tnh +, Loi 3fa khng i xng c th dng : - 2fa c T song song ngc, - 3fa mi pha dng D-T ngc
A B C

Udk

A(b)

iu khin tc dI iu chnh rng hn, c tnh tt hn

37

(c)

(d)

Dng c tnh khng i xng nn khng dng iu khin tc m ch dng khi ng.
U1

3fa giong nhau (a,b)

( C ) pha A,C in p ging ( a,b ) pha B ging in p li (d) khng i xng trong mi pha

38

2, Nguyn l iu chnh in p trong h

Ul =const DC_U Udk

U1=var

R2f co dinh

- Xem dng TC nhn to khi bin thin u1 : Mth ; U21 ; sth=const= sth tnhin ; Mmm ; U12
Xc nh gi tr U1 cn thit theo yu cu iu

khin. cho Pm ; wm ; Um ; nm ;cos dm ; cos 0 ; cos kd =Mth/Mm ; kM=Mnm/Mm ; ki =Inm/Im ;

2 M th TC: M = s sth vi Mth = Mm ; sth=sm 2 1 + sth s
' 3U12 R2 ( Nu cho thng s cu to Mth= ; sth= 2 w0 X nm xnm

39

U1 Udm

sth

M Mnmth Mnm Mth

Nu yu cu hn ch Mk th phI cho trc Mnm nhn to Mnmnt=Mnmtn( U1/U1m)2 U1 cn thit Nu yu cu iu chnh tc th phI cho to im cng tc th dng ng c tnh cng tc c c: Sth =sthtnhin Mth tm ra t phng trnh c tnh c U1 cn thit *, Phng php iu chnh U1 th tch ra 1 pha trong s i xng v c dy trung tnh. Cc pha lm vic c lp vi nhau.

40

iT , ca ti

iT

U1

t I1t It2

U1=f( , ) ; i1=f( , ) in p trn s khng sin Dng in trn s khng lin tc nh hng ti pht nng D Sng iu ho bc nht U1 xc nh U1 nh chui furie = f( , )

41

- Phng trnh ng cong U1= f( t vi ( , ) cho theo bng s v th) ph thuc vo s b B. a,b c khc nhau nhng dng ging nhau.

1 0,8

=300 =600 =880

0,4

0,1

300

600

900

T yu cu cng ngh Mnmth v wtv cn bit u1 yu cu i vi ng c l u1 (1) Xc nh dc ch lm vic tng ng - Tong tnh ton ly ga tr gn ng. - Tnh ton qu trnh khi ng nm = const - Tnh ton v iu chnh tc = dm =const - Tnh ton khng ti: = 0 =const Bit u1, => yeucau tm ra uk

42

umax

udk

t
650

Udfa

H xung

SS

DF

Udk

chnh lu dng in p tia 0 90- 180 CF xoay choir 0 180 360 th c th s dng ngc li => u1 => lm vic ch no 3, xy dng c tnh vo ra ( c tnh iu chnh ) ca b bin i ( b CF ) u1 = f(uk) khi bit s v thng s ph ti

43

U1 l U1(1) t ph tI bit nm v dm =const => 12 =f( , ) = f( ) kt hp quan h uk =f( ) => u1=f(uk)

U1 U1

ul

Udk 180 Udkmax

Hm truyn ca b bin i CF : wCF(p) = uB

= max =
1 chu k in p li. 2

44