The Birds of Mexico and Adjacent AreasThe Birds of Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and El Salvador TINAMOUS—PERDICES—TINAMIDAE GREAT TINAMOU [4] Perdiz Mayor Tinamus major Range Mex-SAm, exc ElSal. Res Mex (se.cAtl+sAtl), Blz, Guat (Atl). Rare. Habitat Humid forest or dense woodland. Voice A tremulous whistle, followed by short notes, often in pairs, some de- scending in pitch. Field Marks 15” Olive plumage, with bluish legs and feet. LITTLE TINAMOU [4] Ponchita Crypturellus soui Range Mex-SAm, exc ElSal. Res Mex (se.cAtl+sAtl), Blz, Guat (Atl). Rare. Habitat Humid forest, woodlands, borders. Voice A slow ascending series of tremulous notes; or a long, tremulous note as- cending, then descending. Field Marks 9” Small size, grayish legs, and unbarred grayish brown or reddish brown plumage. THICKET TINAMOU [4] Perdiz Canela Crypturellus cinnamomeus Range Mex-CRic, SAm. Res Mex (s.nPac+nw.cPac+sPac, s.nAtl+csAtl, Yuc), Biz (n), Guat (Pac, Atl), ElSal. Habitat Humid forest, scrubby woods, thorny thickets. Voice A loud, clear, extended whistle, usually on one pitch, but may go down orup. Field Marks 11” Barred back (except male Mex, nPac); grayish or grayish brown. (Mex, nPac) to rich reddish brown to dark olive-brown (Mex, sAtl); legs orange. SLATY-BREASTED TINAMOU [4] Perdiz Jamuey Crypturellus boucardi Range Mex-CRic, exc ElSal. Res Mex (se.cAtl+extreme s.sAtl), Blz, Guat (Atl). Rare. Habitat Dense undergrowth of humid forest. Voice Two extended, unobtrusive, low-pitched notes. Field Marks 11” Plumage (and leg color) like that of dark races of Thicket Tinamou, but mostly unbarred. M: very dark olive-brown to slaty. F: dark red- dish brown; untacs barred. LOONS—SOMORGUJOS—GAVIIDAE RED-THROATED LOON Somorgujo Menor Gavia stellata Range AK-Mex. Win Mex (w.BajCal, nw.nPac), Rare,2 LOONS, GREBES Habitat Mostly coastal salt water in winter. Field Marks 25” Like Pacific Loon, but bill more slender and upturned; Win: back more speckled; head and neck paler, less contrasty; Sum: throat rufous, not purplish; hindneck boldly streaked. PACIFIC LOON [I] Somorgujo Pacifico Gavia pacifica Range AK-Mex. Win Mex (BajCal, n.+c.nPac). Habitat Ocean bays, coastal lagoons, estuaries. Field Marks 25” Smaller, and smaller-billed, than Common Loon. Win: con- trasty blackish and white on head and neck; no back speckles. Sum: rows of large white spots above; throat purplish; head medium gray; sides of neck streaked. COMMON LOON Somorgujo Comin Gavia immer Range AK-Mex. Win Mex (BajCal, nPac, ncHi, ncAtl). Rare. Habitat Coastal, or inland lakes and rivers. Field Marks 33” Larger than Red-throated or Pacific Loon, with larger, straight, dark bill. Win: gray above, white below; less contrasty than Pacific Loon, more so than Red-throated Loon; no back speckles. Sum: rows of large white spots above; head and neck black with greenish gloss; two partial, striped collars. GREBES—ZAMBULLIDORES—PODICIPEDIDAE LEAST GREBE [I] Zambullidor Menor Tachybaptus dominicus Range US-SAm. Res Mex (all, exc nBajCal and n.nPac), Blz (n), Guat, ElSal (rare and local Hi). Habitat Ponds, lakes, marsh pools, lagoons. Field Marks 9” Darker, more slender-billed than Pied-billed Grebe. Plumage dark gray, except whitish belly and untacs. Win: whitish throat. Sum: blackish throat and crown. PIED-BILLED GREBE [I!] Zambullidor Ptquipinto Podilymbus podiceps Range AK-SAm. Res/win Mex, Blz, Guat, ElSal. Habitat Pools, marshy ponds, lakes, rivers, lagoons. Field Marks 12" Mostly dark grayish brown, with whitish belly and untacs; bill short, stout, pale. Win: throat white; bill plain. Sum: throat and bill bar black. HORNED GREBE Zambullidor Cornudo Podiceps auritus Range AK-Mex. Win Mex (nBajCal, nw.nPac). Rare. Habitat Mostly coastal waters. Field Marks 13” Like Eared Grebe, blackish gray above, with short, slender bill and red eyes, but Win: ear patch all white, hindneck and foreneck more con- trasty blackish and white, Sum: neck chestnut, neat tawny face plumes extend backward mostly above eye. EARED GREBE [II] Zambullidor Orejudo Podiceps nigricollis Range Can-Mex, Guat, ElSal. Res/win Mex (irr res nBajCal+ncHi; win BajCal, Pac, Hi, ncAtl); win Guat (Pac, Hi), ElSal. Rare or local (summer), common (winter).GREBES, ALBATROSSES, SHEARWATERS 3, Habitat Lakes, ponds, rivers, lagoons. Field Marks 13” Bill short, slender, slightly upturned. Win: ear patch blackish, bordered below and behind by white crescent. Sum: head, neck, and chest black; tawny plumes fan out up and down behind eye. WESTERN GREBE [I] Achichilique Occidental Aechmophorus occidentalis Range AK-Mex. Res/win Mex (res nBajCal, ncHi; win BajCal, nPac). Rare. Habitat Ponds, lakes, bays, lagoons. Field Marks 28" Contrasty black and white; long neck; black all around eye; bill mostly yellowish green. CLARK'S GREBE [1] Achichilique de Clark Aechmophorus clarkii Range AK-Mex. Res/win Mex (nBajCal, ncHi; win BajCal+nPac?). Rare. Habitat Lakes, lagoons. Field Marks 28” Like Western Grebe, but white all around eye; bill mostly dull orange. ALBATROSSES—ALBATROS—DIOMEDEIDAE BLACK-FOOTED ALBATROSS [1] Albatros Oscuro Phoebastria nigripes Range AK-Mex. Vis Mex (oceans off w.BajCal). Very rare to casual. Habitat Open ocean and 3-mile waters. Field Marks 30" Mostly blackish brown; face, untacs, and uptacs usually white. SHEARWATERS—PARDELAS—PROCELLARIIDAE NORTHERN FULMAR Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis Range AK-Mex. Vis Mex (w.BajCal; cas /acc nPac). Rare. Habitat Open ocean and 3-mile waters. Field Marks 17” Flapping and long glides. Stouter, broader-winged than shear- waters; bill short, heavy, yellowish. Dark morph: uniform dark gray. Light morph: wings and back pale gray to medium gray with darker wingtips, and white head, tail, and underparts. Individuals intermediate between the two morphs may be seen also. PINK-FOOTED SHEARWATER [III] Pardela Patirrosada Puffinus creatopus Range AK-SAm. Vis Mex (BajCal, Pac), Guat (Pac), ElSal. Habitat Open ocean and 3-mile waters. Field Marks 16" Slow, heavy flight. Grayish brown above; white below, with mottled sides and flanks; bill long, pinkish with black tip; feet pinkish. WEDGE-TAILED SHEARWATER [45] Pardela Pacifica Puffinus pacificus Range Mex-SAm, exc Blz, ElSal, Hon. Res/vis Mex (res off cPac; vis off sBajCal, csPac), Guat (Pac). Habitat Open ocean, nest islands, and (very rarely) 3-mile waters. Field Marks 16" Tail rather long and wedge-shaped, not short and rounded; bill slender, pink with black tip; feet pink. Light morph: white below; contrasty dark above, Dark morph (very rare): uniform medium to dark brown.4 SHEARWATERS, STORM-PETRELS SOOTY SHEARWATER [III] Pardela Gris Puffinus griseus Range AK-SAm, exc ElSal, Hon. Vis Mex (BajCal, Pac; acc nAtl), Guat (Pac), Elsal. Habitat Open ocean; rare in 3-mile waters. Field Marks 17” Blackish brown, with dark bill and feet; contrasty silver-white coverts on dark underwing. SHORT-TAILED SHEARWATER Pardela Colicorta Puffinus tenuirostris Range AK-Mex. Vis Mex (BajCal, nPac). Rare. Habitat Over open ocean; very rare in 3-mile waters. Field Marks 14” Like Sooty Shearwater, but slightly smaller, shorter-billed, and may show less contrast of light grayish on dark underwing. BLACK-VENTED SHEARWATER [III] Pardela Mexicana Puffinus opisthomelas Range US-Mex. Res/vis Mex (res western islands nBajCal; vis BajCal+ncPac). Habitat Open ocean and 3-mile waters. Field Marks 14” Blackish brown above; black bill, pink feet; underparts white except black untacs and blackish brown mottling on sides, flanks, and face. TOWNSEND'S SHEARWATER Pardela de Townsend Puffinus auricularis Range Mex, Guat, ElSal. Res /vis Mex (res off cPac: Revillagigedo Islands; vis off sBajCal, Pac); vis Guat (Pac), ElSal. Habitat Open ocean, nest islands, and 3-mile waters. Field Marks 14” Like Black-vented Shearwater, but black legs and little or no mottling on sides and flanks. AUDUBON’S SHEARWATER Pardela Chica Puffinus therminieri Range US-SAm, exc Blz, ElSal, Hon, Pan. Vis Mex (csPac, Yuc), Guat (Pac). Habitat Open ocean and (very rarely) 3-mile waters. Field Marks 12” Blackish above; unmottled white below, except black primaries and blackish brown untacs; feet pinkish. STORM-PETRELS—PAINOS—HYDROBATIDAE BLACK STORM-PETREL [45] Paifio Negro Oceanodroma melania Range US-SAm, exc Biz, ElSal, Hon. Res/vis Mex (res islands BajCal+n.nPac; vis Pac), Guat (Pac). Habitat Open ocean and 3-mile waters. Field Marks 9” Flapping and gliding, near the water surface. Large size. Appears black, except pale wing bar; tail forked; legs and feet black. LEAST STORM-PETREL Paifio Minimo Oceanodroma microsoma Range US-SAm, exc Blz, ElSal, Hon. Res/vis Mex (res islands BajCal+n.nPac; vis Pac), Guat (Pac), ElSal (Pac). Habitat Open ocean and 3-mile waters. Field Marks 6" Flies rapidly, erratically, with deep wingbeats. Like Black Storm- Petrel, but much smaller, with a short, wedge-shaped tail.