K THUT NUI G SAO

Nhng nm gn y, ti mt s tnh Thanh Ho, Tin Giang... r ln phong tro nui g Sao bi ging g nyc chi ph tng i thp, nh vn nhng mang li hiu qu kinh t cao, gp phn gip b con xo ngho v lm giu. G Sao bt ngun t g rng, theo cch phn loi g sao thuc lp Aves, b Gallformes, h Phasiani, ging Numidiae, loi Helmeted. c im sinh hc ca g Sao: 1. c im ngoi hnh C 3 dng g Sao u c ngoi hnh ng nht. 1 ngy tui g Sao c b lng mu cnh s, c nhng ng k sc chy di t u n cui thn. M v chn mu hng, chn c 4 ngn v c 2 hng vy. Giai on trng thnh g Sao c b lng mu xm en, trn phin lng im nhiu nhng nt chm trng trn nh. Thn hnh thoi, lng hi g, ui cp. u khng c mo m thay vo l mu sng, mu sng ny tng sinh qua cc tun tui, giai on trng thnh, mu sng cao khong 1,5-2cm.

Mo tch ca g Sao mu trng hng v c 2 loi: mt loi hnh l dt p st vo c, cn mt loi hnh l hoa r xung. Da mt v c g Sao khng c lng, lp da trn ny c mu xanh da tri, di c c ym tht mng. Chn kh, c bit con trng khng c ca. 2. Phn bit trng mi Vic phn bit trng mi i vi g Sao rt kh khn. 1 ngy tui phn bit trng mi qua l huyt khng chnh xc nh cc ging g bnh thng. n giai on trng thnh con trng v con mi cng hon ton ging nhau. Tuy nhin, ngi ta cng phn bit c gii tnh ca g Sao cn c vo s khc nhau trong ting ku ca tng c th. Con mi ku 2 ting cn con trng ku 1 ting, nhng khi hong lon hay v mt l do no th c con trng v con mi u ku 1 ting nhng khng bao gi con trng ku c 2 ting nh con mi. Ta c th nghe thy ting ku ca g khi c 6 tun tui. Ngoi ra s phn bit trng mi cn cn c m sng, mo tch, nhng chnh xc khi chn ging ngi ta phn bit qua l huyt khi g n giai on trng thnh. 3. Tp tnh ca g Sao Trong hoang d g Sao tm kim thc n trn mt t, ch yu l cn trng v nhng mu thc vt. Thng thng chng di chuyn theo n khong 20 con. V ma ng, chng sng tng i trng mi trong t trc khi nhp n vo nhng thng m nm sau. G Sao mi c th 20-30 trng v lm trn mt t, sau t p trng. G Sao mi nui con khng gii v thng b lc n con khi dn con i vo nhng m c cao. V vy trong t nhin, g Sao m thng nh mt 75% n con ca n. Trong chn nui tp trung, g Sao vn cn gi li mt s bn nng hoang d. Chng nht nht, d s hi, hay cnh gic v bay gii nh chim, khi bay lun pht ra ting ku khc bit. Chng sng n o v him khi ngng ting ku. G Sao c tnh by n cao v rt nhy cm vi nhng ting ng nh: ma, gi, sm, chp, ting cnh cy gy, ting ri v ca vt. c bit g Sao khi cn nh rt s bng ti, nhng lc mt in chng thng chng ng ln nhau n khi c in g mi tr li

hot ng bnh thng. V vy cn ht sc ch khi nui g Sao trnh stress c th xy ra. G Sao thuc loi a hot ng, ban ngy hu nh chng khng ng, tr giai on g con. Ban m, chng ng thnh tng by. 4. Hin tng m cn Do qu linh hot m g Sao rt t m cn nhau. Tuy nhin chng li rt thch m nhng vt l. Nhng si dy ti, hay nhng chic que nh trong chung, thm ch c nn chung, tng chung. Do vy thng lm tn thng n nim mc ming ca chng, v vy trong chung ta khng nn bt c vt g ngoi mng n, mng ung, nn, tng chung phi lm chc chn. 5. Tp tnh tm, bay v ku G Sao bay gii nh chim. Chng bit bay t sng sm, 2 tun tui g Sao c th bay. Chng c th bay ln cao cch mt t t 6-12m. Chng bay rt kho nht l khi hong lon. G Sao cng c nhu cu tm nng, g thng tp trung tm nng vo lc 9-11h sng v 3-4 gi chiu. Khi tm nng g thng bi mt h ct tht su ri rc mnh xung h, c lng vo ct v nm phi di nng. 6. Tp tnh sinh dc Cc ging g khc khi giao phi thng bt u bng hnh vi gh g mi ca con trng, chnh l s khoe m. Ngoi ra, chng cn th hin sc mnh thng qua ting gy di nhng g Sao li khng nh vy, chng khng bc l tp tnh sinh dc r rng ngay c ngi chn nui hng ngy cng kh pht hin thy. G Sao mi th trng tp trung, khi trng xong khng cc tc m lng l i ra khi .

K thut nui g Sao m hnh hiu qu

1. a n g mi n v nui: Nui n g Sao b m t 1 ngy tui n khi 5% tng n l giai on quan trng nht nng cao kh nng sn xut trng sau ny. Phi thc hin ng quy trnh k thut nui g ging m bo cho n g kho mnh v sinh trng ng u. Cn phi nui g trng trong chung ring bit vi chung g mi. Cn xc nh trc s lng g s m chun b din tch chung, mng n, mng ung. Trong trng hp si nhn to th phi lm vng quy g con c ng knh 3 - 4 m, cao 0,5 m. Nu dng chp si bng tia bc x th ng knh vng quy phi rng 5 - 6 m. Phi iu chnh thit b si sao cho nhit g t 29 - 300C. Ma ng c th si m chung 48 gi, ma h 24 gi trc khi n g n.Cn kim tra h thng van nc ung trong chung, c s l bng clo. Trc khi n g n cn nc ung c nhit 250C vo mng ung.Khi t g vo chung cho g ung nc v sau 1 - 2 gi mi bt u cho n, khng c lm n g xo trn, bp ln nhau, phi lm cho chng quen vi mi trng mi v pht hin thy mng n, ung. Trong 10 ngy u, cn m bo mi khay mng n nha cho 100 con g con. Trong vng 1 - 2 gi sau khi chuyn g vo chung. Khi n g c 8 - 10 tun tui, cn lp t cu cho g u trong chung. Mi ci cu di 1 m dnh cho 15 con u. Nhng quy nh v si m v thng hi: Ngy u sau khi a g n, cn m bo nhit trong vng quy g m l 380C, trong chung l 280C. Nhu cu nhit thay i theo la tui ca g. S lng g con t di chp si truyn thng ti a l 500 con, nu dng chp si tia bc x th nht c 1.000 con. C 4 ngy mt ln gim nhit thp xung 20C. Giai on 14 - 21 ngy tui, g con bt u phn tn khp chung, cho nn vic quan tm iu chnh u nhit iu chnh trong chung l rt cn thit, c th b dn s chp si i. Trong nhng ngy u, nu khng nhit, g con b a chy, yu, chm ln v d b cht v lnh. Nu nhit, g con nm tn u di vng si m. Nu qu nng, g nm xoi

p bng trn nn chung, c nghn c, th u ra hoc chng c tm ch mt hn nh dc tng nm. G km n, chm ln, ci cc, cht nhiu. 2. Cho g ung nc v k thut x l nc ung: * Cht lng nc ung: Phi m bo thng xuyn c nc ung c cht lng tt cho g Sao. c bit, trong nc ung phi an ton v vi khun Salmonella. * Cho g ung nc: Nc l cht dinh dng quan trng nht, chng ta phi m bo y cho chng v nc chim 70% khi lng c th. Nc ung hn ch s lm gim kh nng hp th thc n v sinh trng ca chng. Nu tri nng, khng nc ung g c th b cht. Cn kh trng nc ung bng clo hoc it. Cn s dng ng h o nc ung hng ngy ca n g xc nh kh nng tiu th nc ca chng. Vic iu chnh cao ca van nc ung l cc k quan trng. Trong 2 ngy u, mng nc cao ngay tm mt ca g, n ngy th 3 nng van nc ln g ngng ln ung nc vi gc 450. n ngy th 4 g phi nghn c ln mi ung c. n ngy th 7 cn s dng van nc t ng v t tm cao ngang lng. Sau iu chnh van nc cao ln, m bo g hn ch khng lm bn nc ra ngoi. Mng nc h phi c mc nc cao ti a 2 cm hng ngy cn tho nc ra sch. 3. Gim streess trong nui dng g: Nguyn tc c bn ca vic nui dng g mi Sao l chng trnh ch hn ch, nhm mc ch n g mi pht trin u. kim tra ch tiu ny, c 2 tun mt ln phn ngu nhin khong 100 con cn mu. Tu thuc vo th trng ca n g iu chnh khu phn n hng tun cho ph hp. 4. Chng trnh chiu sng:

Trong vng 3 ngy u m g, vic b sung nh sng t nhin l cc k quan trng nhm cho g con tm thy khay thc n, mng nc ung. V vy phi bo m nh sng c cng ti thiu l 30 lux v chiu sng 24 gi trong ngy. T ngy th 4 n ngy 7 cn chiu sng 20 gi/ngy v n cui tun ch cn chiu sng 16 gi/ngy. n cui tun th 2 th chng trnh chiu sng cho g trng, mi bt u khc nhau. 5. Chun b n g ging sinh sn: n g Sao c 25 tun tui th c chuyn sang cc lng chung trng. Nu p dng bin php nui dng v chng trnh chiu sng ph hp th g s trng t tun tui th 28 v 50% tng n s vo lc 31 - 32 tun tui. n g mc tt nh thng vo tun tui th 35. S g nht trong mt lng chung ph thuc vo kch thc ca lng. Cn m bo v tr nui nht cho mt con g Sao ngn lng c mt trc ti thiu l 12,5 cm. Nhit trong chung ph hp cho g mi trng v g trng sn xut tinh trng l 200C.Trong giai on sinh sn, nu nhit trong chung l 120C, cn cho g n thc n cha 2.700 - 2.750 kcal v 17% prtin th. iu cc k quan trng l: Trc khi trng khng c cho g mi n qu nhiu. Trc khi trng, nu g bo qu, th s nh hng khng tt n nng sut trng v sc sng ca chng. Sau khi g trng mc cao im, cn gim khu phn n kim tra mc tng trng hng tun ca g, trong cng mt ngy v cng mt thi im, chn ngu nhin khong 100 con g cn c th v iu chnh khu phn n khi cn thit. Khu phn n cn thit ph thuc vo th trng, nhit chung nui.