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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 Tirupur 27714 Coimbatore, Tirupur & Tirunelveli SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE 99941 46662 99944 27714 95972 11166

SHANMUGAM IAS ACADEMY

210 SATHYAMURTHY ROAD RAMNAGAR COIMBATORE PH : 0422 4378847 MO : 9994146662

49F TRIVANDRUM ROAD NEAR RAILWAY GATE PALAYAMKOTTAI TIRUNELVELI PH : 0462 2582466 MO : 9597211166

WEB : www.shanmugamiasacademy.in www.iasipstnpsc.in EMAIL : shun_ias@yahoo.com

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 Tirupur 27714

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1 of 23.

www.tnpsctamil.in

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flTs; tho;j;J 1 ghly; ghiy 35 ghly; ghiy epyj;jpd; nfhLik FwpQ;rp 29 ghly; jiytd; tpiue;J kzk; Kbf;f kUjk; 35 ghly; guj;ijghy; nrd;w jiytd; kPz;L jiytpapd; cly; jPh;j;jy; Ky;iy 17 ghly; VW jOTjy; nea;jy; 33 ghly; klNyWjy; ghbath;fs; ghiy ngUq;fLf;Nfhd; FwpQ;rp fgpyd; kUjk; kUjd; ,sehfd; Ky;iy mUQ;Nrhod; ey;YUj;jpud; nea;jy; ey;ye;Jtd; ,e;E}y; Nrhoh; fhyj;jpy; ghlg;gl;lit ngUk;ghYk; jiytd; jiytp Njhop ,th;fsJ ciuahly; Nghy; mike;Js;sJ. Mrphpah; Fwpg;G : ey;ye;Jtdhh; rq;f fhyj;jth;. ,tiug; gw;wpa Fwpg;Gfs; VJk; fpilf;fg;ngwtpy;iy. ,th;> nea;jy; fypapy; Kg;gj;J%d;W ghly;fisg; ghbAs;shh;. fypj;njhifiaj; njhFj;jtUk; ,tNu vd;gh;. E}w; Fwpg;G : vl;Lj;njhifAk; gj;Jg;ghl;Lk; rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fs;> vl;Lj;njhifAs; xd;whd fypj;njhif> fypg;ghf;fshy; mike;jJ. ,J> ehlfg; ghq;fpy; mike;Js;sJ. ,irNahL ghLtjw;Nfw;wJ. fypj;njhifapy; flTs; tho;j;ijAk; Nrh;j;J E}w;iwk;gJ ghly;fs; cs;sd. fypj;njhif FwpQ;rp> Ky;iy> kUjk;> ghiy vd;Dk; Ik;ngUk;gphpTfis cilaJ. fypg;gh Js;sy;; Xiriaf; nfhz;lJ. ekf;Fg; ghlkhf mike;Js;s gFjp> nea;jw;fypahFk;. ,jid ,aw;wpath; ey;ye;Jtdhh;. ,g;ghly;fisg; gbf;Fk;nghOJ> fUj;jhoKk; Xirapd;gKk; ek; cs;sj;jpidf; nfhs;is nfhs;Sk;. vdNt> ,jidj; jkpo;r;rhd;Nwhh; fw;wwpe;jhh; Vj;Jk; fyp vdr; rpwg;gpj;Jf; $Wth;.

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rPtf rpe;jhkzp tisahgjp Fz;lyNfrp ,ul;ilf; fhg;gpaq;fs; rpyg;gjpfhuk; kzpNkfiy

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714 3. 4. 5. jkpopy; 1. 2.

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nfd;fhw; rpyk;Ggfh;jy; Ntz;b epd;ghw; nfhiyf;fsg; gl;l Nfhtyd; kidtp.

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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714 Nrud; nrq;Fl;Ltd; rPj;jiyr;rhj;jdhNuhLk; ,sq;NfhtbfNshLk; kiytsk; fhzr; nrd;whd;. mq;fpUe;j kiytho; kf;fs; Ntq;if kuj;jpd;fPo; xU ngz;nja;tj;ijg; ghh;j;Njhk; vd;W $w cldpUe;j ngUk;Gyth; rhj;jdhh;. mg;ngz;zpd; tuyhw;iw ahdwpNtd; vd;W Nfhtyd; fz;zfp tuyhw;iwr; RUf;fkhff; $wpdhh;. mjidf; Nfl;l ,sq;Nfhtbfs; ,f;fiuiar; rpyg;gjpfhuk; vd;Dk; ngauhy; ahk; ,aw;WNthk; vd;W $wpdhh;. rhj;jdhUk; mbfs; ePNy mUSf vd;whh;. ,t;thNw rpyg;gjpfhuk; cUthapw;W. murpay; murpay; gpioj;Njhh;f;F mwq; $w;whFk;> ciurhy; gj;jpdpia cah;e;Njhh; Vj;Jth;> ciurhy; Co;tpid cUj;Jte;J Cl;Lk; vd;Dk; Kg;ngUk; cz;ikfisr; rpyg;gjpfhuk; czh;j;JfpwJ. kJiuapd; fhty; nja;tk; kJuhgjp. fz;zfpf;Ff; Nfhapy; fl;batd; Nrud; nrq;Fl;Ltd; ,sq;NfhtbfSf;F fz;zfpapd; tuyhw;iwf; $wpath; rPj;jiyr; rhj;jdhh;. kio Ntz;b vLf;fg;gLk; tpoh ,e;jpu tpoh. ,e;jpu tpoh Fwpj;J rpyg;gjpfhuKk; kzpNkfiyAk; $Wfpd;wd fz;zfpapd; fhy; rpyk;gpy; ,Ue;jJ khzpf;fg; guy;fs;. Nfhg;ngUe; Njtpapd; fhw;rpyk;gpy; fhzg;gl;lit Kj;Jg;guy;fs; neQ;iras;Sk; rpyg;gjpfhuk; vd;Nwhh; kzpahuk; gilj;j jkpo;ehL ghujpahh; rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpw;F rpwe;j ciu vOjpath; mbahh;f;F ey;yhh;. Mrphpah; ,sq;Nfh fhyk; ,uz;lhk; E}w;whz;L jkpopy; Njhd;wpa Kjw;fhg;gpak; Njrpaf; fhg;gpak;> tuyhw;Wf; fhg;gpak;> rKjhaf; fhg;gpak;> Gul;rpf; fhg;gpak; Nghd;w rpwg;Gg; ngah;fs; cz;L ,ay;> ,ir> ehlfk; vd;w Kj;jkpo;r; RitAk; cilaJ ciuapilapl;l ghl;Lilr; nra;As; vd;Dk; ,aypir ehlfg; nghUl; njhlh; epiyr; nra;As; vd;Wk; $Wth; ,f;fhg;gpak; 5001 thpfisf; nfhz;lJ ,J xU rkzf; fhg;gpak; Nfhtyd; fz;zfp khjtp vd;dk; %d;W khe;jh;fspd; tuyhW $Wk; fhtpak; ngz;zpd; ngUikia fhtpa tbtpy; cyfpw;F czh;j;jpa Kjw; fhg;gpak; %d;W fhz;lq;fisf; nfhz;lJ 30 fhijfs; nfhz;lJ Gfhh; fhz;lk; kJiuf; fhz;lk; tQ;rpf; fhz;lk;

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Gfhh; fhz;lk; k 10 fhijfisf; nfhz;lJ. kq;fy tho;j;Jg; ghly; njhlq;fp ehL fhz; fij Kba ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ. kJiuf; fhz;;lk; 13 fhijfisf; nfhz;lJ fhLfhz;fij njhlq;fp fl;Liuf; fhij Kba ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ tQ;rpf; fhz;lk; k 7 fhijfisf; nfhz;lJ. Fd;wf; Fuit njhlq;fp tue;jU fhij Kba ,lk; ngw;W cs;sJ fhdy; thp Mw;W thp mk;khid thp fe;J thp Fuitg; ghl;L> ts;isg; ghl;L Kjypa ,irg; ghly;fSk; ,ay; ehlfk; vd;w Kj;jkpo;r; RitAk; cilaJ flTs; tho;j;Jg; ghly; ,aw;if nja;tkhfpa re;jpud; #hpad; kioia Nghw;wpg; ghlg;gl;Ls;sJ. fijr; RUf;fk; kd;dDf;F kfdhf murpapd; tapw;wpy; cUthdtd; rPtfd; fd vdpDk; tpjp trj;jhy; RLfhl;by; gpwf;fpwhd;. gpd;dh; tzpfd; xUtdpd; tPl;by; tsh;fpwhd;. mr;rze;jp vd;Dk; Mrhdplk; fy;tp gapd;whd;. ,td; rpwe;j Njhw;wg;nghypT nfhz;ltd;. kpFe;j mwpT epuk;gpatd; gy;NtW fiyfspYk; ty;ytd; rpwe;j tPud;. ,td; vl;L kq;ifaiu kze;J nfhs;fpwhd;. ,t;thW gy kzk; Ghpe;jtd; MdhYk; ,td; xU fhKfdhf md;wp rpwe;j kd mlf;fk; nfhz;ltdhfNt rpj;jhpf;fg;gLfpwhd;. kzk;Ghpe;jjd; ,t;thW %yk; gy ngz;fis gzgyj;ijak;

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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

E}yikg;G ,iwadhh; fstpay; ciufhuh; ,sk;G+uzhh; Nghd;w ciuahrphpah;fshy; Nkw;Nfhshf vLj;jhsg;gl;l ngUik cilaJ. jkpowpQh;fshy; kpFjpahf E}y; rpyg;gjpfhuk;. fij fhtphpg;G+k;gl;bdj;J ngU tzpfd; khrhj;Jthdpd thdpd; kfd; Nfhtyd;. fhtphpg;G+k;gl;bdj;Jg; ngUtzpfdd; kheha;fdpd; kfs; fz;zfp. ,ts; jpUkfs; Nghd;w moFk; mofpa ngz;fs; Nghw;Wk; ngUq;Fzr;rpwg;gk; fw;Gj;jpwKk; nfhz;lts;. ,t;tpUtUk; kidawk; G+z;L ,d;Gw;W tho;e;jdh;. Nfhtyd; Mlyurp khjtpia tpUk;gpf; fz;zfpia tpl;Lg; gphpe;jhd;. mtd; khjtp ,y;yj;jpNyNa jq;fpj; jd; nry;tj;ijnay;yhk; ,oe;jhd;. khjtp ,e;jpu tpohtpy; fhdy; thpg; ghliyg; ghbdhs;. ghlypd; nghUisj; jtwhfg; Ghpe;J nfhz;l Nfhtyd; khjtpia tpl;Lg; gphpe;jhd;. gphpe;jtd; jd; kidtp fz;zfpaplk; nrd;whd;. jhd; ,oe;j nry;tj;ij <l;l nra;jw;nghUl;Lf; nrd;whd;. pabfs; fTe;jpabfs vz;zpdhd;. fz;zfpAld; tzpfk; r; kJiuf;Fr Ma;Tf;F cl;gl;l

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kd;dd; mtidf; nfhd;W rpyk;igf; nfhzh;f vd;W Mizapl;lhd;. Nfhtyd; nfhiy nrag;gl;l nra;jpia khjhp %yk; mwpe;j fz;zfp ngUe;JaUw;whs;. mts; jd; fztd; fs;td; my;yd; vd;gij kd;dDf;Fk; cyNfhh;f;Fk; czh;j;j vz;zpdhs;. kd;ddpd; mDkjpNahL> thapw;fhtyd;> fz;zfpia ghz;ba kd;ddplk; mioj;Jr; nrd;whd;. kd;dd; fz;zfpia Nehf;fp ePnuhOFk; fz;fSld; vk;Kd; te;J epw;fk; eP ahh;? vd tpdtpdhd;. fz;zfp kd;did Nehf;fp> Muha;e;J $WtJ ePjp toq;fhj xd;nwhz;L kd;dNd! cd;dplk; vd ciuf;fj;

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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714 tho;ehs; mopal;Lk; vd;wthNw kaq;fp tPo;e;jhd;. kd;ddpd; kidtp cs;sq;fyq;fp> cly; eLq;fp> fztid ,oe;j kfsph;f;F> vt;tpjj;jpYk; MWjy; $w ,ayhJ vd;W $wpj; jd; fztdpd; jpUtbfis tzq;fp epyj;jpy; tPo;e;J ,we;jhs;. k;; Gfhh;f;fhz;lk 10 fhijfisf; nfhz;lJ mitahtd 1. kq;fy tho;j;Jg; ghly; 2. kidawk; gLj;j fhij 3. muq;Nfw;W fhij 4. me;jp khiyr; rpwg;G nra; fhij 5. ,e;jpu tpoT Ch; vLj;j fhij 6. fly; ML fhij 7. fhdy; thp 8. Ntdpw;fhij 9. Fdhj; jpwk; ciuj;j fhij 10. ehL fhz; fhij kJiuf; fhz;lk; k; 13 fhijfisf; nfhz;lJ. 1. fhL fhz; fhij 2. Ntl;Lt thp 3. GwQ;Nrhp ,Wj;j fhij 4. Ch; fhz; fhij 5. milfyf; fhij 6. nfhiyf;fsf; fhij 7. Ma;r;rpah; Fuit 8. Jd;g khiy 9. Ch; #o; thp 10. tof;Fiu fhij 11. tQ;rpd khiy 12. mow;gLfhij 13. fl;Liu fhij k; tQ;rpf; fhz;lk 7 fhijfisf; nfhz;lJ 1. Fd;wf; Fuit 2. fhl;rpf; fhiu 3. fhy;Nfhs; fhij 4. ePh;g;gilf; fhij 5. eLew; fhij 6. tho;j;Jf; fhij 7. tuk; jU fhij rpyg;gjpfhuk; 12 fypg;ghf;fSk;> Mrphpag;ghf;fsk; nfhz;l E}y;.

njhlq;fpdhs;. Gwhtpd; Jd;gj;ijg; Nghf;fpa rpgp kd;dDk; jd; muz;kid kzp xypj;jijf; Nfl;Lg; gRtpd; Jah; mwpe;J jd; xg;gw;w kfidNa Njh;r;rf;fuj;jpypl;Lf; nfhd;w kDePjpr; NrhoDk; tho;e;j> ngUk;GfOila Gfh; efuNk> ahd; gpwe;j Ch;. mg;Gfggl efhpy; gopapy;yhj rpwg;gpidaila Gfo;kpf;f Fbapy; Njhd;wpa khrj;Jthd; kfid kzk; Ghpe;Njd;. tPuf;foyzpe;j kd;dNd! Co;tpidg; gadhy; tho;tjw;f;fhf epd; kJiu efuj;jpw;f te;J> vd; fhw;rpyk;gpid tpw;f Kad;W> cd;dhy; nfhiy nra;jy; nfhLq;Nfhyd;W. mJNt mur ePjp vd;W $wpdhd;. mjw;Ff; fz;zfp mwnewpapy; nry;;yhj murNd! vd; fhw;rpyk;G> khzpf;fg; guy;fisf; nfhz;lJ vd;whs;. mjw;F murd; eP $wpaJ> ey;yNj! vk;Kilr; rpyk;gpd; guy;fs; Kj;JfNs vd;whd;. NfhtydplkpUe;J ifg;gw;wpa rpyk;igj; jUtpj;J> mts; Kd; itj;jhd;. itj;j mr;rpyk;igidf; fz;zfp vLj;J Xq;fp cilj;jhs;. mjpypUe;J ntspg;gl;l khzpf;fg;guy; xd;W ghz;ba kd;ddpd; cjl;by;gl;Lj; njwpj;jJ. mk;khzpf;fg; guy;fisf; fz;l ghz;ba kd;dd; jho;Tw;w Filadha;> Nrhh;Tw;w nrq;Nfhydha;> nghd; njhopy; nra;ak; nfhy;ydpd; ngha;Aiu Nfl;L> mwnewp jtwpa> ehdNdhmurd;! ehNd fs;td;> mwe;jtwhJ Fbkf;fisf; fhf;Fk; njhd;ikahl;rp vd; Kjy; jtwpaJ. vd;

18

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fijkhe;jh;fs; neLQ;nropad;> fz;zfp> Nfhtyd;> khjtp> kzpNkfiy> khrhj;Jthd;> Nfhrpfd;> khlyd;> fTe;jp mbfs;> Nfhg;ngUe;Njtp fij rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpw;f mLj;jjhf kzpNkfiy> Ik;ngUk; jkpo; fhg;gpaq;fSs; xd;whFk;. ,f;fhg;gpaj;jpd; jiytp kzpNkfiy. rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpd; Nfhtyd; kw;Wk; khjtp vd;gth;fspd; kuzj;jpw;Fg; kfshths;. gpwF khjtp Nfhtydpd; Jau jd; kfis xU

7 of 23.
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714 cUkhw;wpf; fharz;bifapd; ifapd #o;epiyfshy;

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muq;Nfw;W fhij khjtp vd;Dk; Mly;kfs; Nrhod; Kd;dh;j; jd; ehl;baj; jpwk; vy;yhk; Njhd;w Mbf; fhl;bdhs; mts; jiyauq;Nfwpj; jiyf;Nfhyk; ngw;whs;. mts; Mliyf; fz;L kfpo;e;j fhty; kd;dd;> me;ehl;L eilKiwahd ,ay;gpypUe;J tOthky;> murdpd; gr;ir khiyiaAk;> jiyf;Nfhyp vd;w ngaiuAk; khjtp ngw;wds;. jiyauq;fpNy Vwp Mbf;fhl;b> ehlf fzpifah;f;Fj; jiythpir vd E}y;fs; tpjpj;j Kiwikapd;gb> Mapuj;J vl;Lf; foQ;Rg;nghd;id Kiwahfg; ngWgts;> ngUikiaAk; ngw;wds;. ,isQh;fs; gyUk; xUehs; vd;w efuj;J jphpe;J

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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714 ,e;jputpoT Ch; vLj;j fhij Gfhh; efhpd; mikg;Gk;> mq;F tho;e;j gy;NtW tifapduhd Fbapdh;fSk;> mt;T+uhh; ,e;jpu tpohf; nfhz;lhba nrhy;Yk; rpwe;j gFjp ,J. kUT+h;g; ghf;fk;> gl;bdg; ghf;fk; Mfpa ,lq;fspd; rpwg;igAk;> Itif kd;wq;fshfpa nja;tkd;wk;> ,yQ;rpkd;wk;> xspf;fy; kd;wk;> G+j rJf;f kd;wkk;> ghit kd;wk; Mfpatpw;wpy; mhpa gy;NtW gypfisak; ,l;L kf;fs; gyUk; topgl;Lg; Nghw;wpa epfo;r;rpiaAk; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ. topghLfSk; tpohf;fSk; vq;fDk; epfo;fpd;wd. tpohf;fspg;gpNy kdk; jsh;e;j jk; fztNuhL kidtpah; rpde;J CLfpd;wdh;. cl;Gwj;jpNy eWe;jhJ epiwe;J ,Uj;jyhy;> NkNyapUf;Fk; fl;L mtpj;J> Njd; nrhhpa eLq;fk; fOePh; kyhpidg; Nghyf;> fz;zfpapd; fUq;fz;Zk; khjtpapd; nrq;fz;Zk; jj;jk; cs;sj;jpd; epidit kiwj;Jj; jj;jk; vz;zj;ij mfj;Nj xspf;f Kide;J tpz;zth; Nfhkhdpd; tpoT ehl;fspNy ePh; cfj;jd. mt;Ntisapy; fz;zfpf;F ,lf;fz;Zk; khjtpf;F tyf;fz;Zk; Jbf;fpd;wd. gphpTj;Jauhy; fz;zfpf;Fk;> Mde;j kpFjpahy; khjtpf;Fk; fz;fs; ePiur; nrhhpe;jd. fly; ML fhij tpQ;irah; Ntud; xUtd;> jd; fhjypAld; GfhUf;F ,e;jpu tpohf; fhzte;jhd;. khjtpapd; gjpndhU tif Mly;fisAk isAk; jd; fhjypf;Ff; fhl;b kfpo;e;jhd;. tpoh Kbe;jJk; Nfhtyd; khjtpNahL Cbdhd;. khjtp mtd; Cly; jPh;j;Jf; $bdhs;. gpd;dh;f; flyhl tpUk;gpdhs;. ,UtUk; flw;fiu nrd;wdh;. fspj;jpUf;Fk; gpw kf;fNshL jhKk; fye;jtuhf mth;fs; kfpo;e;jpUe;jdh; vd;gij vLj;Jiuf;Fk; gFjp ,J. fhdy; thp NfhtyDk; ahopirAld; ahopir fhdy;thpg; rpwg;Gk; Gfhh; gw;wpr; efhpd;

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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714
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te;j J}jpidf; Nfhtyd; kWj;jhd;. tre;jkhiyaplk;> MapioNa! mtNshh; Mly; kfs;! MjypdhNy> vd;ghw; fhjy; kpFe;jtNsNghNy ebj;j ehlfnky;yhk;> mtSila me;jj; jFjpf;F kpfTk; nghUj;jk; ciladNt! jd;Nky; mtSf;F cz;ikahd fhjy; vJTk; ,y;iy vdf; $wp khjtpia ehb tu kWj;jhd;. mjdhy; khjtp kdk; Jbj;jhs;. ,sNtdpw;F Ke;jpa gUtj;Nj gphpe;jtd;> ,sNtdpw; fhyj;jpyhtJ tUthndd kaq;fpapUe;j mts; kdk;> ,sNtdpw;fhyk;; tuTk; mtd; thuhik fz;L> epiy nfhs;shJ jtpf;fpd;wJ vd;gijAk; fhzyhk;. ,sNtdpy; gw;wpa Vf;fNk> Nfhtydplk; fz;zfp epiditAk; J}z;bw;W vd;gJk; ,g;gFjpapy; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ. fdhj;jpwk; ciuj;j fij fz;zfp> Njte;jpaplk; ahd;> ,dp vd; fztDld; $Ljiyg; ngwNt khl;Nld;. vd; neQ;rk; VNdh tUe;Jfpd;wJ! fdtpNy New;wpuT Nfhtyd;; te;jhd;. vd; ifg;gw;wp tUf! vd mioj;jhd;. ,UtUk; tPl;iltpl;Lg; Ngha;> xU nghpa efhpDs; nrd;Nwhk;. Nrh;e;j efhpNy vd;; kPJ Njspidg; gpbj;J ,l;ltiug;Nghyf;> NfhtyDf;F xU jPq;F tpise;jJ vd;W vq;fl;F Vyhj;Njhh; thh;j;ijapidr; nrhy;ypdh;. mJ Nfl;Lf; fhtyd; Kd;dh;r; nrd;W ahDk; cz;ikiaf; $wp tof;F ciuj;Njd;. fhtyNdhL> mt;T+Uf;Fk; Nehpl;l jPq;F xd;Wk; cz;lhapw;W. me;epiyNa ahd; Ngr;rw;Nwd; vd;W jhd; fz;l fdit vLj;Jiuj;jhs;. Nfhtyd; fz;zfpaplk; kPz;Lk; te;jhd;. jd; kidtpapd; thba NkdpAk; tUj;jKk; fz;lhd;. jk; Fyj;jth; je;j kiyNghYk; nghpa nghUl;Fitfs; vy;yhNk njhiye;J Nghapd mjdhy; te;j ,y;yhik epiy jdf;F ntl;fj;ijj;jUtjhfTk; $wpdhd;. fz;zfpNah jd; jpUKfj;jpNy KWtypidf; fhl;b rpyk;Gfs; cs;sd vLj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; vd;whs;. fhjypahd fz;zfpahdts; fz;l jPa fdT> fhpa neLq; fz;fisAila khjtpapd; Ngr;rpidAk; gadw;Wg; Nghfr; nra;jJ. Nfhtydpd; neQ;rpidj; xUg;gLj;jg;> nghOJ gotpid te;J jd; Nghf;fpNy ,UtUk; jk;

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www.tnpsctamil.in
tPl;iltpl;Lk;> Gfhhiu tpl;Lk; ntspNawp> kJiu Nehf;fpg; gazkhapdh;. ,g;gFjpapy; fz;zfpapd; fdT tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ehLfhz; fhij tPl;iltpl;Lk;> Gfhiu tpl;Lk; ntspNawpa NfhtyDk; fz;zfpAk;> ftpe;jpabfSld; kJiuia Nehf;fp ele;jjdh; jpUtuq;fj;ijf; fle;J> mk;%tUk; Nrhzhl;L ciwA+h ciwA+h; tiuAk; nrd;wJ gw;wpf; $WtJ ,g;gFjpahFk;. ,j;Jld; Gfhh;f; fhz;lk; KbTw;wJ. fhLfhz; fhiu Nfhtyd;> fz;zfp> fTe;jpabfs; vd;Dk; %tUk;> njd;jpir Nehf;fp eiliaj; njhlh;e;jdh;. kiwNahidr; ,iltopapNy re;jpj;J> topapd; khq;fhl;L ,ay;Gfis

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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714 Ntl;Lt thp Iiaf; Nfhl;lj;jpNy xU gf;fkhfr; nrd;wpUe;J> Nfhtyd;> fz;zfp> fTe;jp Mfpa %tUk; ,isg;ghWfpd;wdh; mq;Nf rhypdp nja;tNkw;W> fz;zfp tho;tpd; gpd;epfo;Tfisf; $Wfpd;whs;. gpd;> Ntl;Lth; th; thpg;ghl;Lg; ghb $j;J MLfpd;wdh;. GwQ;gfy; Neu nta;apNyh fLikahapUe;jJ. mjdhy; gfypw; nry;yhJ> ,utpy; epyT ntspr;rj;jpNyNa mth;fs; topele;jdh;. ,ilNa> Xhplj;jpNy> nfsrpfd; khjtpapd; xiyAld; tUfpd;whd;. jd; ngw;Nwhh; mUkzp mUkz ,oe;j ehfk; NghYk; ,d;Daph; ,oe;j ahf;if Nghd;Wk; Jah;f; JaUw;w rk;gtj;ijAk;> fly; tPo;e;jijAk;> cw;NwhUk; khjtpapd;

mtd; %yk; Nfl;L mwpe;jdh; fhDiw nja;tk; tre;j khiyapd; tbtpNy Njhd;wpf; Nfhtydpd; kJiug; Nghf;ifj; jLf;f Kay;fpwJ. tre;jkhiyapd; tbtpNy Njhd;wpdhy;> khjtpapd; NghpYs;s fhjypdhy; ,td; ekf;F ,irthd; vd;W fUjpa mj; nja;tk; Nfhtydpd; ghjq;fspd; Kd; tPo;e;J fz;zPuk; cFj;jJ. tre;jkhiy VNjh gpiogl;l nrhw;fisf; Nfhtydplk; nrhd;djhy; jhd; Nfhtyd;> jd;idf; fhz tuhky; nfhLik nra;J tpl;lhd; vd;W khjtp $wp kaq;fpAk; tPo;e;jhs; vd;Wk; khjtp> fzpifah; tho;T> vd;Wk; filg;gl;l tho;Nt NghYk; vd;W nrhy;yp tUe;jpf; fz;zPh; cFj;jjhfTk; tre;jkhiyapd; tbtpy; Njhd;wpa fhdy; nja;tk; $wpaJ. kaf;Fk; nja;tk; ,f;fhl;bNy cz;L vd;W tpaf;fj;jf;f kiwatd; Kd;dNu Nfhtydplk; nrhy;ypapUe;jdd;. Nfhtyd; $wpa ke;jpuj;jhy; tre;jkhiy tbtpy; Njhd;wpa fhDiw nra;tk; ahd; tdrhhpzp epdf;F kaf;fk; tpistpj;Njd; Gdj;J kapypd; rhaypidAila epd;kidtpf;F> Gz;zpa Kjy;tpahd fTe;jpabfSf;Fk; vd; nraiyf; $whJ Ngha; tUf vd;W nrhy;yp> mj;nja;tk;> mt;tplj;J epd;wk; kiwe;J Ngha;tpl;lJ. mjd;gpd;dh; %tUk; jpUf;Nfhapiyr; nrd;wilfpd;wdh;. Iiaapd;

Jauj;ijAk; nfsrpfd; nfhz;Lte;j> khjtpapd; fbjj;jpd; %yk; mwpe;jhd; khjtpAk; Fw;wkw;wtNs vd;gij czh;e;J> mf;fbjj;ijNa jd; ngw;Nwhhplk; nfhz;LNgha; nfhLf;Fk;gbahf Nfhtyd;> nfsrpfid Ntz;bdhd;. nfsrpfid kPz;Lk; GfhUf;F mDg;gptpl;Lf; Nfhtyd;> mt;topapilNa te;J jq;fpa ghzUld; $b ahopirf;fpd;whd;. mth;ghy; kJiuapd; J}uj;jpidf; Nfl;lwpe;J> itiaahw;iw kuj;njg;gj;jhw; fle;J nry;Yk; NghJ itiaahW fz;zfpf;F Vw;glg;NghFk; Jd;gj;ijj; jhd; Kd;dNu mwpe;jtisg;Nghyg;> Gz;zpa eWkyh; Milfshy; jd; Nkdp KOtJk; Nghh;j;Jj;> jd;fz;epiwe;j kpFe;j fz;zPh; nts;sj;ijAk; cs;slf;fpf; nfhz;L> mts; mikjpahfTk; tpsq;fpdhs;. gpd;dh; ,dpa kyh;nrwpe;j kWk;nghopypd; njd;fiuapidr;nrd;W mth;fs; Nrh;e;jdh;. giftiug; NghhpNy ntd;W ntw;wpf; nfhbahdJ> ePtph;> ,t;T+Uf;Fs;Ns thuhjPh; vd;gJ Nghy> kwpj;Jf; iffhl;bagbNa gwe;J nfhz;bUe;jJ. mwk;GhpAk; khe;jh; md;wpg; gpwh; ahUk; nrd;W jq;fhj> GwQ;rpiw %J}hpid Nehf;fp mth;fs; %tUk; tpUk;gpr; nrd;wdh;. Ch;fhz; fhij GWQ;rpiw fz;zfpiaAk; Nfhtyd; kJiu %J}hpNy> %J}hpNy fTe;jpabfisAk; jq;fpapUf;f itj;Jtpl;Lf; efUf;Fs; nrd;W mq;Fs;s

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nry;th;> murh; tPjp> vz;nzz; fiyNahh; tPjp> mq;fhb tPjp> ,uj;jpdf; filj; njU> nghd;fil tPjp> mWit tPjp> $y tPjp Mfpa gy;NtW tPjpfs; topahfr; nrd;W mtw;wpd; rpwg;GfisAk; fz;L> kPz;Lk; mth;fs; ,Uf;Fk; ,lj;jpw;F te;J NrUk; nra;jpiaf; $Wk; gFjp ,J. milfyf; fhij GwQ;Nrfhpf;Fj; jpUk;gpa kJiuapNy fz;lnty;yhk;> Nfhtyd;> fTe;jpaplk;

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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714 Ma;r;rpah; Fuit Mah; NrhpapNy gy Njhd;wpd. Flj;jpypl;L jPa epkpj;jq;fs; itj;j ghNyh

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tpag;NghL vLj;Jf; $wpdhd;. njd;dfh; kUq;fpd; kd;dh; gpd;Ndhh;f;F vd;dpiy czh;j;jp vd;W nrhy;yp kJiu nrd;wtdh;> mJgw;wp VJq; $wtpy;iy. fTe;jpak;ik ftiyailfpd;whh;. mt;Ntis> khlyd; mq;Nf tUfpd;whd;. khlyd Nfhtydpd; rpwg;Gfisf; $Wfpd;whd; Jwe;NjhUf;Fhpa mt;tplj;ij tpl;Lg; nghOJ kiwtjw;Fs; kJiu efUf;F nry;YkhW khlyDk; fTe;jpAk; Nfhtyidj; J}z;Lfpd;wdh;. mtd; nrayw;W ,Uf;fNt> mt;topahf te;j khjhpaplk; fz;zfpia milf;fykhf mspf;fpd;whh; fTe;jpabfs; mtSk;> fz;zfpAld; NfhtyDk; gpd;tuj; jd;tPl;bw;F mtis md;NghL mioj;J Nghfpd;whs;. nfhiyf;fsf; fhij Nfhtyd; fz;zfpaUf;F xU GJ kidapNy ,le;je;J> gy;tifg; nghUSk; jUfpd;whs; khjhp jd; kfisAk; fz;zfpf;Fj; Jizahf mikf;fpd;whs;. fz;zfp Nrhwhf;fpj; jd; fztid cz;gpf;f> mtDk; mtisg; ghuhl;b> jd; epiyf;F tUe;Jfpd;whd;. fz;zfpapd; fhw;rpyk;GfSs; xd;iwf; ifapNy vLj;Jf; nfhz;L kJiu efUf;Fg; Ngha; tpiy khwp tUtjhff; $wpr; nrd;whd;. filtPjp topNa nry;Yk; NghJ nghw;nfhy;yd; xUtd; jd; gpd;Nd E}w;Wf;fzf;fhd nghw;nfhy;yh; njhlh;e;Jtu Kd;dhy; ele;J te;jhd;. mtid muz;kidg; nghw;nfhy;yd; vd;W fUjp Nfhtyd; jhd; nfhz;L te;j fhw;rpyk;ig mtdplk; nfhLj;J tpw;Wj; jUkhW Ntz;Lfpd;whd;. jd; Fbypy; Nfhtyid ,Uj;jptpl;L mf;fhw;rpyk;ig kd;dUf;F mw;tpj;J tUtjhfr; nrhy;ypr; nrd;whd; nghw;nfhy;ydpd; #o;r;rpahy; Nfhtyd; nfhy;yg;gl;L ,we;jhd;.

fztd; fs;td; my;yd; vd;gij kd;dDf;Fk; cyNfhh;f;Fk; czh;j;j vz;zpdhs;. kd;ddpd; mDkjpNahL> thapw;fhtyd;> fz;zfpia dplk; mioj;Jr; nrd;whd;. ghz;ba kd;ddplk kd;dd; fz;zfpia Nehf;fp ePnuhOFk; fz;fSld; vk;Kd; te;J epw;Fk; eP> ahh;? vd

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

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tpdtpdhd;. fz;zfp Muha;e;J ePjp toq;fhj $WtJ xd;nwhz;L kd;did Nehf;fp> kd;dNd! cd;dplk; vd ciuf;fj;

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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714 Nfhg;ngUe;NjtpaJ fw;gpd; nrt;tp mtisg; nghpJk; tpag;gilaTk; nra;jJ. vdNt> jhDk; fw;Gil kfsph; gyh; gpwe;j efhpNy gpwe;jts; vd;Wk;> gj;jpdpNa vd;Wk;> muNrhL kl;Lk; mikahJ kJiu efhpidak; mopg;Ngndd;Wk; tQ;rpdk; $wpr; nrd;W> jPf;flTisAk; kJiu kPJ VTfpd;whs;. mow;gL fhij jPj; nja;tj;ijf; fz;zfp Vtpdhs;. mjd; gadhf kJiu vhpgw;wp cz;zj; njhlq;fpaJ. kJiukPJ %J}hpid ehy;tif

njhlq;fpdhs;. Gwhtpd; Jd;gj;ijg; Nghf;fpa rpgp kd;dDk; jd; muz;kid kzp xypj;jijf; Nfl;Lg; gRtpd; Jah; mwpe;J jd; xg;gw;w kfidNa Njh;r;rf;fuj;jpypl;Lf; nfhd;w kDePjpr; NrhoDk; tho;e;j> ngUk;GfOila Gfh; efuNk> ahd; gpwe;j Ch;. mg;Gfhh; efhpy; gopapy;yhj rpwg;gpidAila Gfo;kpf;f Fbapy; khrhj;Jthd; kfid kzk; Njhd;wpa Ghpe;Njd;.

tPuf;foyzpe;j kd;dNd! Co;tpidg; gadhy; tho;tjw;f;fhf epd; kJiu efuj;jpw;F te;J> vd;; fhw;rpyk;gpid tpw;f Kad;W> cd;dhy; nfhiy nra;ag;gl;l Nfhtyd; kidtp> ehd;. fz;zfp vd;gJ vd; ngah; vd;W $wpdhs; ghz;ba kd;dd; fz;zfpaplk; fs;tidf; nfhiy nra;jy; nfhLq;Nfhyd;W. mJNt mur ePjp vd;W $wpdhd;. mjw;Ff; fz;zfp mwnewpapy; nry;yhj murNd vd; fhw;rpyk;g> khzpf;fg; guy;fisf; nfhz;lJ vd;whs;. mjw;F murd; eP $wpaJ> ey;yNj! vk;Kilr; rpyk;gpd; guy;fs; Kj;JfNs vd;whd;. NfhtydplkpUe;J ifg;gw;wpa rpyk;igj; jUtpj;J> mts; Kd; itj;jhd;. itj;j mr;rpyk;igidf; fz;zfp vLj;J Xq;fp cilj;jhs;. mjpypUe;J ntspg;gl;l khzpf;fg;guy; xd;W ghz;ba kd;ddpd; cjl;by;gl;Lj; njwpj;jJ. mk;khzpf;fg; guy;fisf; fz;l ghz;ba kd;dd; jho;Tw;w Filadha;> Nrhh;Tw;w nrq;Nfhydha;> nghd; njhopy; nra;Ak; nfhy;ydpd; ngha;Aiu Nfl;L> mwnewp jtwpa> ehNdh murd;! ehNd fs;td;. mwe;jtwhJ Fbkf;fisf; fhf;Fk; njhd;ikahl;rp vd; Kjy; jtwpaJ vd; tho;ehs; mopal;Lk; vd;wthNw kaq;fp tPo;e;jhd;. kd;ddpd; kidtp cs;sq;fyq;fp> cly; eLq;fp> fztid ,oe;j kfsph;f;F> vt;tpjj;jpYk; MWjy; $w ,ayhJ vd;W $wpj; jd; fztdpd; jpUtbfis tzq;fp epyj;jpy; tPo;e;J ,we;jhs;. tQ;rpd khiy ghz;bad; fz;zfpiaj;

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www.tnpsctamil.in
mtDld; mtSk; tpkhdk; Vwp thdfk; Nehf;fpr; nrd;wds;. mf; fhl;rpiaf; Fwth; Fbapdh; fz;ldh;. mth;fs; mle;j tpag;Ngh nghpJ. mjdhy;> mtidj; jk; Fynja;tkhfNt nfhz;L top gl;Lg; gzpe;J Nghw;wyhapdh;. fhl;rpf; fhij Nru Nte;jdhd nrq;Fl;Ltd; kiytsk; fhzr; nrd;whd;. fz;zfp Ntq;if kuj;jbapy; epd;wJk;> jhk; fz;l mjpraKk; Fd;wf; Futh; mtDf;Ff; $wpdh;. mg;NghJ mq;Nf mt;tplj;Nj ,Ue;j rhj;jdhh;> fz;zfp tof;F ciuj;jJk;> kJiu jPAz;lJk;; gw;wp mth;fl;Ff; $wpdhh;. nrq;Fl;Ltd; fz;zfpf;Ff; fy; el;L topgl vz;zpdhd;. tlehl;L Nte;jh; rpyhpd; tPwhg;ghd Ngr;R ,kaj;jpw;Nf nry;y mtidj; J}z;baJ gw;wpa murhizAk; vOe;jJ vd;gJ ,J. fhy;Nfhl; fhij nrq;Fl;Ltd; gilg;ngUf;NfhL tlehL Nehf;fpr; nrd;whd;. vjph;j;j Mhpa kd;dh;fs; gyiuak; ntd;whd;. ,kaj;jpNy gj;jpdpf;Ff; fy;Yk; Njhz;bf; nfhz;lhd;. ePh;gilf; fhij fz;zfpg; gbtj;jpw;fhd fy;ypidj; Njhz;bf; nfhzh;e;J> ePh;g;gil nra;jJ Kjy;> kPz;Lk; nrq;Fl;Ltd; efuk; tQ;rpkh jpUk;gpaJtiu $WtJ. eLfw; fhij gj;jpdpahshd fz;zfpf;F ,kaj;jpNyapUe;J nfhzh;e;j fy;ypNy gbtk; rikj;J> mjid Kiwg;gb> tpohf;Nfhyj;Jld; nja;tkhf ehw;wpf; nfhz;lhba nra;jpfisf;; $WtJ ,g;gFjp. tho;j;Jf; fhij fz;zfpg; gbkj;jpd; flTs; kq;fyk; eilngw;wJ. nrq;Fl;Ltd; te;jpUe;jhd;. gy rpw;wurh;fSk; te;J jpiw nrYj;jpdh;. Njte;jp KjypNahh; fz;zfp NfhapYf;F te;J muw;wpdh;. fz;zfp Njt tbtpNy Njhd;Wfpd;whs; nrq;Fl;LtidAk; tho;j;Jfpd;whs;.

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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714 tue;jU fhij kzpNkfiy Jwitg; gw;wp Njte;jp nrhd;dhs;. mts; Nky; rhj;jd; d MNtrpj;Jg; NgRfpwhd;. fz;zfpapd; jha;> Nfhtydpd; jha;> khjhp vd;gth;> jk; mLj;j gpwg;gpw; rpWFoe;ijfshf mq;F te;J> jhk; kPz;Lk; gpwe;jjd; fhuzk; gw;wpf; $Wfpd;wdh;. gj;jpdpf;Fg; G+ir nra;aj; Njte;jp mDkjp ngWfpwhs; gy ehl;L kd;dUk; tzq;fp tpilngWfpd;wdh;. Nts;tpr; rhiyf;Fr; nrq;Fl;Ltd; nry;Yfpd;whd;. E}yhrphpaUf;Ff; fz;zfp mth;jk; Kd;tuyhW ciuf;fpd;whs;. cyNfhh;f;fhd mwTiufSld; rpyg;gjpfhuk; KbtilfpwJ. kzpNkfiy kzpNkfiyapd; Mrphpah; rPj;jiyr; $ythzpfd; rhj;jdhh; rhj;jd; vd;gJ dhh. d ,tuJ ,aw;ngah;. ,th; jpUr;rpuhg;gs;spiar; rhh;e;j rPj;jiy vd;Dk; Chpy; gpwe;J kJiuapy; $ythzpfk; ($yk; kJiuapy tho;e;jth;. jhdpak;) nra;jth;. ,f;fhuzq;fspdhy; ,th; kJiuf; $ythzpfd; rPj;jiyr; rhj;jdhh; vd;W toq;fg;ngw;whh;. ,sq;NfhtbfSk; ,tUk; rkfhyj;jtuhth;. ,th; filr;rq;fg; Gyth;fSs; xUth;. jz;lkpo; Mrhd; rhj;jd; ed;E}w;Gytd;; vd;W ,sq;Nfhtbfs; rhj;jdhiug; ghuhl;bAs;shh;. ,tuJ fhyk; fp.gp. ,uz;lhk; E}w;whz;L vd;gh;. kzpNkfiy Ik;ngUq;fhg;gpaq;fSs; xd;W. rpyg;gjpfhuKk;> kzpNkfiyAk; kzpNkfiyAk ntt;NtW E}y;fshapDk; xNu fijj; njhlh;Gilad. vdNt ,it ,ul;ilf;fhg;gpaq;fs; vd toq;fg;ngWk;. kzpNkfiyapd; JwT tho;f;ifiaf; $Wtjhy; ,e;E}Yf;F kzpNkfiyj; JwT vd;Dk; NtW ngaUk; cz;L. ,e;E}y; nrhw;RitAk;> nghUl;RitAk;> ,aw;if tUzidfSk; epiwe;jJ ngsj;jkjr; rhh;GilaJ Kg;gJ fhijfisf; nfhz;lJ. Kg;gJ fhijfSs; ghlg; gFjpahd MGj;jpud; ehL mile;j fhij ,Ugj;J ehd;fhtJ fhij. o Mrphpah; rPj;jiyr; rhj;jdhh;. jz;lkpo;r; rhj;jd; jz;lkpo;g; Gyth; vd;Wk; ,th; miof;fg;gLfpwhh;. o kzpNkfiyj; JwT vd;Wk; ,e;E}y; toq;fg;gLfpwJ. ,J xU ngsj;j fhg;gpak; o jkpopd; ,uz;lhtJ fhg;gpa E}y; kzpNkfiy

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www.tnpsctamil.in
o NfhtyDf;Fk; khjtpf;Fk; gpwe;j kzpNkfiy vd;Dk; ngz;zpd; tuyhw;Wf; $Wk; E}y; kzpNkfiyf;f Kjy; Kjyhf mKjRugpapy; gpr;ifapl;lts; Mjpiu kzpNkfiy gpwe;j Ch; G+k;Gfhh;. kiwe;j Ch; fhQ;rpGuk; ,ul;ilf; fhg;gpaq;fspy; fpisf;fijfs; kpFe;j E}y; kzpNkfiy. jkpopy; Njhd;wp ,uz;lhtJ ngUq;fhg;gpak; Mrphpah; kJiu $ythzpfd; rPj;jiyr; rhj;jdhh;. jz;lkpohrhd; vd;W ghuhl;Lg; ngw;wth; fhyk; ,uhz;lhk; E}w;whz;L xU ngsj;j rkaf; fhg;gpak; 30 fhijfs; ngw;Ws;sJ mftw;ghthy; mike;jJ jkpopy; Njhd;wpa Kjy; rkaf; fhg;gpak; ,J ,sq;Nfhtbfs; jiyikapy; muq;Nfw;wg;gl;lJ ,e;jpu tpoT+h; vLj;j fhijapy; fhpfhyd; ntw;wp Fwpg;glg;gLfpwJ kzpNkfiyapd; jha; rpj;uhgjp kzpNkfiyf;F ngsj;jk; Nghjpj;jth; mutz mbfs; guj;ijnahopg;NghL kJ xopg;G> rpiw xopg;G> rhjp xopg;G rKjhar; rPh;jpUq;fspd; fsq;rpak; vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ kzpNkfiy tho;it tpsf;Fk; fhg;gpakhFk; jk; jpwq;Nfl;l fhij jtj;jpwk; G+z;L jUkk; Nfl;l fhij gtj;jpwk; mWnfdg; ghit Nehaw;w fhij vd;w %d;W fhijfis ciaJ tpohtiw fhij vd ,e;jpu tpohtpdhy; njhlq;fg;gl;lJ ,e;j fhtpak; rPh;jpUj;jf; fhg;gpakhFk; njhy;fhg;gpak; $Wk; ,iwG vd;Dk; E}y; tifiar; Nrh;e;j fhg;gpakhFk;. fjhg;ghj;jpuq;fs; kzpNkfiy Nfhtyd; khjtp jk;gjpapd; kfs;. ,uj;jj;jpNyNa Cwpa Jzpr;ry;> gz;Gfs; mjpfk; ngw;wts;. Jwtpahf Ntz;Lk; vd;W $wpa gj;j kjg; gpf;Fzp> xU GwKk;> jd;id Nkhfj;jpdhy; gpd;njhlh;e;j Nrho kd;dd; kWGwKk; ,Ue;Jk;> kzpNkfiy midj;Jj; jilf;fw;fisak; Jzpr;rYld; cilj;njwpe;jhs;. gpwF jd; tpUg;gg;gbNa Gj;jj; Jwtpahfp kf;fspd; grpiag; Nghf;FtijNa jd; flikahff;

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nfhz;L tho;e;j kzpNkfiy> mts; kiwtpw;F gpd; nja;tkhfg; Nghw;wg;gl;lhs;. Nfhtyd; ,uj;jj;jpy; gRkuj;jhzp Nghy; gjpe;jpUe;j tPuk; kzpNkfiyaplk; ,Ue;jjhy;jhd; ,J rhj;jpakhdJ. khjtpiag; Nghy; kzpNkfiyaplk; mstw;w gz;Gfs; ,Ue;jikahy;jhd;> jdJ jhahh;> Mrhd; kw;wk; Qhdgpjhtpd; Ngr;irf; Nfl;L elg;gij %ykhff; nfhz;L mike;Js;sJ. cjaFkud; Nrho kd;dd;> kzpNkfiyapd; kPJ Nkhfk; nfhz;ltd;. epidj;jij milaNtz;Lk; vd;w Fzk; gilj;jtd;. Mir ,Uf;fyhk; Mdhy; ntwpj;jdkhd Mir ,Ue;jhy; mopT epr;rak; vd;gij cjaFkud; fjhg;ghj;jpuk; fhl;bAs;sJ. kzpNkfiyapd; Nky; fhjy;nfhz;l cjaFkud; mtsJ Jwtpahf Ntz;Lk; vd;w Miria mwpe;Jk; $l mtisg; gpd;njhlh;e;jhd;. Mdhy; re;jh;g;g #o;epiyfshy;> fQ;rzd; vd;gtd; cjaFkhuidf; nfhiy nra;Jtpl;lhd;. Rjkjp kzpNkfiyapd; ek;gfkhd Njhop. kzpNkfiyia kzpgy;ytj;jpy; tpl;L> mtis Md;kPfg; ghijapy; nrYj;jpaij Nkfiyapd; jhahhplk; $lf; $whky;> Rjkjpapd; fdtpNyNa Kjypy; Njhd;wp ele;jij $wpdhs;> flypd; flTs; kzpNkfyh. ,J Rjkjpapd; Nky; kzpNkfyh itj;jpUf;fk; ek;gp;fifia fhl;LfpwJ. ,f;fhg;gpaj;jpNyNa kzpNkfiyapd; xNu Njhop Rjkjpjhd;. mf;fhyf;fl;lq;fspy; ez;gh;fSf;nfy;yhk; xU ,yf;fzkhf mike;jts; Rjkjp. mtsplkpUe;J ehk; fw;Wf;nfhs;s Ntz;bait gy cz;L. ePyNfrp vd;gJ IQ;rpW fhg;gpaq;fs; vdg;gLk; Ie;J jkpo; ,yf;fpa E}y;fSs; xd;W. rkz rka E}yhd ePyNfrp xU fijg; gpd;dzpapy; rkzf; nfhs;iffis tpsf;Ffpd;wJ. jkpopy; vOjg;gl;l KjyhtJ jUf;f E}y; ,Jntdf;

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

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www.tnpsctamil.in
$wg;gLfpd;wJ. ngsj;j rkaj;jpd; ngUik $w vOe;j fhg;gpakhd Fz;lyNfrp vDk; E}Yf;F kWg;ghfNt ePyNfrp vOjg;gl;Ls;sJ. cjazFkhu fhtpak; jkpopy; njhFj;Jf; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s IQ;rpW fhg;gpaq;fSs; xd;whFk;. ,J Fzhl;bah; vd;gth; tlnkhopapy; vOjpa gpUfj; fjh vd;Dk; E}iyj; jOtpj; jkpopy; nfhq;FNtsph; vd;gth; 7 Mk; E}w;whz;by; nra;j ngUq;fij vd;Dk; E}ypd; RUf;fE}y; ,jd; fhyk; 15 Mk; E}w;whz;L cjazd; vd;gtdpd; fijia ,J $WfpwJ. fijg;gb cjazd; nfsrhk;gp ehl;L ,sturd; Mthd;. cjazFkhu fhtpak; cjazdpd; fijia kpfr; RUf;fkhf 367 tpUj;jg;ghf;fspy; jUfpwJ. ,e;E}ypy; MW fhz;lq;fs; cs;sd. ,J rkz rkaj;ijr; rhh;e;j xU E}y;. gy;NtW jkpo; E}y;fisg; gjpg;gpj;jtuhd c.Nt.rhkpehj Iah; ,e;E}iy 1935 Mk; Mz;by; gjpg;gpj;J ntspapl;lhh;. #shkzp xU rkz rkak; rhh;e;j E}yhFk;. Rkz rkaj;ijr; rhh;e;j Njhyhnkhopj;Njth; ,jid ,aw;wpdhh;. gj;jhk; E}w;whz;by; ,aw;wg;gl;l ahg;gUq;fy tpUj;jpAiuapy; #shkzpg; ghly;fs; vLj;jhsg;gl;Ls;sd. ,e;E}ypd; fhyk; fp.gp.10 vdNt> Mk;

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epfo;j;jpa tPur; nray;fisAk; $WfpwJ. ,e;jg; gpd;dzpapy; ,jd; Mrphpah; rkz rkaj; jj;Jtq;fis tpsf;Ffpwhh;. rPtf rpe;jhkzp ,J Ik;ngUq;fhg;gpaq;fSs; xd;whFk; Mrphpah; rkz rkaj;jtuhfpa jpUj;jf;f Njth; ,e;E}iy kzE}y; vd;Wk; toq;Fthh;fs; tpUj;jg;ghtpy; vOe;j Kjy; E}y; 13 ,yk;gfq;fisAk; 3145 nra;As;fisAk; cilaJ ngUq;fhg;gpaj;jpw;Fhpa cWg;Gfshfpa mwk; nghUs; ,d;gk; tPL vd;w ehd;F cWjpg; nghUl;fSk; ,jpy; mlq;Fk; flTs; tho;j;J rpj;j ruzk;> mUf ruzk;> rhJ ruzk;> jd;k ruzk; vd;Dk; ehd;F gFjpfis cilaJ. fhg;gpaj; jiytd; rPtfd; rPtfd; je;ij Vkhq;fj ehl;Lj; jiytd; rr;re;jd; rPtfd; jha; tpria nfLkjp cila mikr;rd; fl;baq;fhud; rPtfdpd; kidtpfs; 8 Ngh; o fhe;jUtjj;ij o Fzkhiy o gJik o Nfkrhp o tpkiy o RukQ;rhp o ,yf;fiz ez;gd; gJKfd; gJKfd; kidtp Nfhtpe;ij tsh;g;gj; je;ij fe;Jf; fld; rPtfd; Mrphpah; mr;rze;jp tPukhKdpth; jpUj;jf;f Njtiu jko; ftpQUs; ,sturh; vd;W Gfo;e;jhh; Kbg;nghUs; njhlh; epiyr; nra;As; vd;W $Wth; Nghg; fpNuf;f fhtpak; ,ypal; xbrpf;f epfuhd fhg;gpak; rPtf rpe;jhkzp tlnkhopapy; cs;s rj;jpu #lhkzp> fj;jpa rpe;jhkzp> [Pte;jh rk;G Mfpa E}y;fspd; jOty; rPtf rpe;jhkzp vd;gh; ,jd; fhyk; fp.gp. 9 k; E}w;whz;bd; gpw;gFjp rPtfdpd; fha; mtid RLfhl;bw; gpwe;jTld; Gyk;gpf; $Wtjhy; ,e;E}Yf;F ,g;ngah; te;jJ. ,e;E}ypy; vz;tif nka;g;ghLfSk; Nghh;Kiw newpfSk; ,y;yw ,d;gq;fSk;

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

E}w;whz;bw;F Kw;gl;lJ vdyhk;. [pdNrdh; vd;gth; tlnkhopapy; vOjpa =Guhzk; vdg;gLk; M&fj kfhGuhzk; vd;Dk; E}iyj; jOtpj; jkpopy; Mf;fg;gl;lNj ,e;E}y;. 12 rUf;fq;fshfg; gphpf;fg;gl;l 2131 ghly;fs; ,e;E}ypy; cs;sd. tpUj;jg;ghthy; MdJ. Fij $Wk; Nghf;fpy; rPtf rpe;jhkzpia xl;bAs;sJ. ,f;fij Ruik ehl;bd; ,sturdhd jptpl;ld; vd;gtd;> tpj;jpahju ehl;L ,sturp xUj;jpia kze;J nfhz;ljdhy; Vw;gl;l rpf;fy;fisAk; mjdhy; jptpl;ld;

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www.tnpsctamil.in
,irr;rpwg;gpay;Gk; Ie;jpiz xopw; fhl;rpapaf;fq;fSk; rpwg;ghf $wg;gl;Ls;sd. ,e;E}ypd; Nehf;fk; rkzrkaf; fUj;Jf;fisg; gug;GtNj MFk; gy;yt fhyj;jpy; ,aw;wg;gl;lJ

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8. 9. 10. 11.

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714 Nts;tpg; glyk; mfypifg; glyk; kpjpiyf; fhl;rpg; glyk; iff;fpisg; glyk; tuyhw;Wg; glyk; fhh;Kfg; glyk; vOr;rpg; glyk; re;jpurapyg; glyk; tiuf;fhl;rpg; glyk;

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12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

17. G+f;nfha; glyk; 18. ePh; tpisahl;Lg; glyk; 19. cz;lhl;Lg; glyk; 20. vjph;nfhs; glyk; 21. cyhtpaw; glyk; 22. Nfhyk;fhz; glyk; 23. fbkzg; glyk; 24. 24. guRuhkg; glyk; 1. mNahj;jpah fhz;lk; ,uhkd; mNahj;jjpf;F murdhf Kb#lj; Njh;e;njLf;fg;gLtjpypUe;J mNahj;jpah fhz;lk; njhlq;FfpwJ. ,jdhy; ,jw;F mNahj;jpah fhz;lk; vd;W ngah;. mNahj;jpah fhz;lk; gjpd;%d;W glyq;;fisf; nfhz;L mike;Js;sJ. 1. ke;jpug; glyk; 2. ke;jiu #o;r;rpg; glyk; 3. ifNfap #o;r;rpg; glyk; 4. efh; ePq;F glyk; 5. ijyk; Ml;L glyk; 6. Ffg; glyk; 7. tdk; GF glyk; 8. rpj;jpu$lg; glyk; 9. gs;spg; gilg; glyk; 10. MWnry; glyk; 11. fq;if fhz; glyk; 12. jpUtb #l;L glyk; 2. Muzpa fhz;lk; ,uhkDf;F muRhpik kWf;fg;gl;L fhdfk; nrd;W thOk;epiy Vw;gl;lJ. ,f;fhdf tho;itf; Fwpj;J vOtjdhy; ,J Muzpa fhz;lk; vdg;gl;lJ. Muzpak; vd;why; fhdfk;

Fwpg;gjdhy; ,J ghyfhz;lk; vd toq;fg;gl;lJ. ghyfhz;lk; ,Ugj;Jehd;F glyq;fisf; nfhz;L mike;Js;sJ. ghy fhz;lk; ghapuk; 1. Mw;Wg; glyk; 2. ehl;Lg; glyk; 3. efug; glyk; 4. murpaw; glyk; 5. jpU mtjhug; glyk; 6. ifailg; glyk; 7. jhlif tijg; glyk;

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

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www.tnpsctamil.in
(tdk;> fhL) vdg; nghUs;gLk; Muzpa fhz;lk; gjpd;%d;W glyq;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. 1. tpuhjd; tijg; glyk; 2. rugq;fd; gpwg;g ePq;f glyk; 3. mfj;jpag; glyk; 4. rlhA fhz; glyk; 5. #h;g;gzifg; glyk; 6. fud; tijg; glyk; 7. #h;g;gzif #o;r;rpg; glyk; 8. khhPrd; tijg; glyk; 9. ,uhtzd; #o;r;rpg; glyk; 10. rlhA caph; ePj;j glyk; 11. mNahKfpg; glyk; 12. fte;jd; glyk; 13. 13. rthp gpwg;G ePq;F glyk; 3. fpl;fpe;jh fhz;lk; rPijiag; gphpe;j ,uhk ,yf;Fth;fs; Njbaiye;jdh;. Topapy; fpl;fpe;ij vDk; thduq;fs; MSk; ehl;ilr; nrd;W Nrh;e;jdh;. mq;Nf mDkd;> Rf;fpuPtd; MfpNahhpd; el;igg; ngw;wdh;. gpwF Rf;fphPtdpd; rNfhjudhd thypiaf; nfhd;W fpl;fpe;ijapd; Ml;rpg; nghWg;ig Rf;fphPtDf;F mspj;jdh;. mjdhy; ,J fpl;fpe;jh fhz;lk; vdg;gLfpwJ. fpl;fpe;jh fhz;lk; gjpNdO glyq;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. gk;ig thtpg; glyk; 1. gk;ig thtpg; glyk; 2. mDkg; glyk; 3. el;Gf; Nfhl;glyk; 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. kuhkug; glyk; Je;Jgpg; glyk; fyd; fhz; glyk; thyp tijg; glyk; jhiy Gyk;GW glyk; murpaw; glyk; fhh;fhyg; glyk; fpl;fpe;ijg; glyk; jhid fhz; glyk; ehltpl;l glyk; gpyk; Gf;F ePq;F glyk; MW nry; glyk;

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16. rk;ghjpg; glyk; 17. kNaj;jpug; glyk; 4. Re;ju fhz;lk;

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

fk;guhkhazj;Js; kpfTk; Nghw;wf;$ba gFjpahf tpsq;FtJ Re;ju fhz;lkhFk;. ,q;f Re;jud; vd;W Fwpf;fg; ngWgtd; mDkd; Mthd; nrhy;ypd; nry;td; vd;W fk;gh; mDkdJ ngUikia tpsf;Ffpwhh;. ,uhkidg; gphpe;j rPijf;Fk;> rPijiag; gphpe;j ,uhkDf;Fk; ,ilapy; gps;isiag; Nghyj; J}J nrd;W mth;jk; cs;sf;fUj;ij cs;sgb ciuj;jghq;fpdhNyNa ,jw;Fr; Re;ju fhz;lk; vdg; ngah; Vw;gl;lJ. Re;juk; vd;why; moF vd;W nghUs;. ,d;Wk; fztd;-kidtp Mfpa jk;gjpahpilNa Vw;gLk; csNtWghLfisj; jPh;g;gjw;F Re;ju fhz;lk; gbg;gJ tof;fkhf cs;sJ. Re;jufhz;lk; gjpdhd;F glyq;fisf; nfhz;L mike;Js;sJ fly; jhT glyk; Ch; NjL glyk; fhl;rpg; glyk; cUf; fhl;L glyk; #lhkzpg; glyk; nghopy; ,Wj;j glyk; fpq;fhu; tijg; glyk; rk;gkhyp tijg; glyk; gQ;r Nrdhgjpfs; tijg; glyk; 10. mf;ffkhud; tijg; glyk; 11. ghrg; glyk; 12. gpzp tPl;L glyk; 13. ,yq;if vhpA+l;L glyk; 14. jpUtb njhOj glyk; 5. Aj;j fhz;lk; ,uhk-,uhtz Aj;jj;ij tpsf;ftjdhy; ,J Aj;j fhz;lk; vd toq;fg;gl;lJ. gz;ilf;fhyg; Nghh;Kiwfs; kpFjpahf ,jDs; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. jhf;Fk; Kiw> gilfspd; mzptFg;G> NghUf;Fhpa mwq;fs; Kjypait mtw;Ws; mlqFk;. Aj;jfhz;lk; ehw;gj;J ,uz;L glyq;fisf; nfhz;L mike;Js;sJ. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

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1. fly; fhz; glyk; 2. ,uhtzd; ke;jpug; glyk; 3. ,uzpad; tijg; glyk; 4. tPlzd; milf;fyg; glyk; 5. xd;dhh; typmwp glyk; 6. 7. 8. 9.
10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41.

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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714 itztg; Gytuhd tpy;ypGj;J}uhh; }uhh rdpA+h; rdpA+h vd;w Chpy; gpwe;jth;. tf;fghif vd;Dkplj;ij Mz;Lte;j kd;ddhd tugjp Ml;nfhz;lhd; vd;gtd; tpy;ypGj;J}uhiu Mjhpj;J te;jhd;. xUKiw tpy;ypGj;J}uhh; Gyth;fsplk; Nghl;b itj;J ahh; Njhy;tp milfpwhh;fNsh mth;fspd; fhJfis> ntd;wth; mWf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w $wpdhh;. ,g;gbahf gy NgUila fhJfisg; Nghl;bapy; ntd;W mwj;jhh; tpy;ypGj;J}uhh;. xUKiw mt;T+Uf;f te;j KUf gf;juhd mUzfphpehjh; ,e;j nraiy jLf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W Nghl;bapy; fye;J muzfphpahh; ghba xU ghlYf;f Kbahky; ghlyhtJ tpy;ypGj;J}uhh; jpjj; jj;jj; nfhz;lhh;. gjpy; $w

42.

fly; rPwpa glyk; tUzd; milf;fyg; glk; NrJ ge;jdg; glyk; Xw;Wf; Nfs;tpg; glyk; ,yq;iffhz; glyk; ,uhtzd; thduj;jhid fhz; glyk; kFl gq;fg; glyk; mzptFg;Gg; glyk; mq;fjd; J}Jg; glyk; Kjw; Nghh; Ghp glyk; Fk;gfUzd; tijg; glyk; khah rdfg; glyk; mjpfhad; tijg; glyk; ehfghrg; glyk; gilj; jiyth; tijg; glyk; kfuf;fz;zd; tijg; glyk; gpukhj;jpug; glyk; rPij fsk;fhz; glyk; kUj;Jkiyg; glyk; fspahl;Lg; glyk; khah rPijg; glyk; epFk;giy ahfg; glyk; ,e;jpurpj;J tijg; glyk; ,uhtzd; Nrhfg; glyk; gilf; fhl;rpg; glyk; %ygy tijg; glyk; Nty; Vw;w glyk; thdhh; fsk; fhz; glyk; ,uhtzd; fsk; fhz; glyk; ,uhtzd; Njh; VW glyk; ,uhkd; Njh; VW glyk; ,uhztd; tijg; glyk; kz;Nlhjhp Gyk;GW glyk; tPlzd; Kb #l;L glyk; gpuhl;b jpUtb njhOj glyk kPl;rpg; glyk; jpUKb #l;L glyk;

Njhw;whh;. me;j jpj;jj> jpjpjhij

jhjJj; jpj;jj;jpjh vd;gNj MFk;. NkYk; mUzfphpahh;> ,dp ,J Nghd;w Nghl;b itf;fyhfhJ vdf; $wp> tpy;ypGj;J}uhiu kd;dpj;jhh;. tpy;ypGj;J}uhh;; jd; ghtj;ijj; jPh;f;f kfhghujj;ijj; jkpopy; vOjpdhh;. mJNt tpy;ypghuk; vd;W miof;fgLfpwJ. ts;sy; rPjf;fhjpapd; ngUikiar; nrj;Jk; nfhLj;jhd; rPjf;fhjp- vd;w nrhw;nwhlh; tpsf;fk; nghUsf;fk; 1. rPwhg;guhz mikg;G 1.1 Kjw;ghfk; 1.1.1 tpyhjj;Jf; fhz;lk; 1.1.2 EGt;tj;Jf; fhz;lk; 1.2 ,uz;lhk; ghfk; tisahgjp Ik;ngUk; fhg;gpaq;fspy; ,JTk; xd;W ,jd; fiu itrpa guhzj;jpy; fhzg;gLfpwJ xU rkzf; fhg;gpak; ,e;E}ypd; Mrphpah; njhpatpy;iy jw;NghJ ekf;F fpilj;Js;sit 72 ghly;fs; kl;LNk MFk;. Fz;lyNfrp Ik;ngUk; fhg;gpaq;fspy; ,JTk; xd;W ngsj;j rka fhg;gpak; MFk;

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

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www.tnpsctamil.in
,aw;wpath; ehjFj;jdhh; ehybahh; rkz Kdpth;fs; ehD}W Ngh; ghba ghly;fis gJkdhh; vd;Dk; Gyth; njhFj;J ehybahh; vdg; ngah; toq;fpajhff; $Wth; jkpoh; mwj;ij ,y;ywk;> Jwtwk; vd ,uz;lhfg; gphpj;jdh; ehybahUk; Jwtw ,aiy Vohff; nfhz;L vOgJ ghf;fSk; ,y;yh ,wiy Mwhff; nfhz;L mWgJ ghf;fSk; ngw;W mwj;ij $WfpwJ. Jwtw ,ay; (7 mjpfhuq;fs;) 1. nry;tk; epiyahik 2. ,sik epiyahik 3. ahf;if epiyahik 4. mwd; typAWj;jy; 5. J}ajd;ik 6. JWT

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,yf;fpa cyfpy; mwpag;gLk; v];.fy;ahzRe;juk; (1946) ghuj ];Nll; tq;fpapy; gzpGhpe;J Xa;Tngw;wth;. %j;j vOj;jhsh; jp.f.rptrq;fud; ud; mth;fspd; kfd;.

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

O 60-fspy; vOjj; njhlq;fpa tz;zjhrDf;F

gj;J rpWfijj; njhFg;Gfs;> VO ftpijj; njhFg;Gfs; kw;Wk; Njh;e;njLj;j ftpijfspd; FWe;jfL> fy;ahz;[p FuypNyNa thrpf;fg;gl;L ntspte;Js;sJ. vy;Nyhh;f;Fk; md;Gld; vDk; ngahpy; ,tuJ fbjq;fs; njhFf;fg;gl;L E}yhf te;Js;sJ.

O ,yf;fpar;rpe;jid>

ypy;yp Njtrpfhkzp> jpUg;G+h; jkpo;r;rq;fg; ghpRfs;> rpw;gp tpUJ> ,ir mikg;ghsh; ,isauh[h toq;fpa ghtyh; tpUJ kw;Wk; jkpof muR toq;fpa fiykhkzp Kjypa tpUJfSk;> ghpRfSk; ngw;wth;. eluh[Rg;gpukzpak; pukzpak;. rptrq;fhpf;F jpUkzkhfp mh;r;rdh vd;w kfs; cs;shh;.

O kidtp ts;sp mth;fs;. gps;isfs; rptrq;fhp>

Qhd khh;f;fk; - cs;sj;jpy; vOk; Mir czh;Tfs; ePf;fTk; gf;jp khh;f;fk; - nja;tPfj; J}a;ikf;Fk; fh;k khh;f;fk; - kdpjd; jd; flikia vt;thW nra;aNtz;Lk; vd;gijAk; tpsf;FfpwJ. 7. rpdk; ,d;ik ,y;yw ,ay; (6 mjpfhuq;fs;) 1. nghiwAilik 2. gpwh;kid eathik 3. <if 4. gotpid 5. nka;k;ik 6. jPtpidnar;rk; jpiuflNyhbAk; jputpak; NjL vd;gJ KJnkhop ,jid ehybahh; Jfs; jPh; ngUQ;nry;tk; tho;ehs; foptjw;f Kd;Nd gpwh;f;F cgfhuk; nra;J thOq;fs; vd;fpwJ ehybahh;. gftj; fPij $Wk; mwk; gftj; fPij ,e;jpaj; jj;Jt eilKiwf; Nfhl;ghL mw,ay; gyd; fle;j nghUspay; rkak; mDG+jpf; nfhs;if Mfpatw;iw cs;slf;fpajhFk;. gftj;fPij QhdNahfk;> fh;kNahfk;> gf;jpNahfk; vd;W %d;wpidf; $wp gad; Nehf;fhr; nray; vdg;gLk;. ep~;fhk;afh;khtpd; Fzj;ij tpsf;FfpwJ.

fyhg;gphpah

O fyhg;gphpah (gpwg;G : [_iy 30> 1950) jkpopd;

etPd ftpQh;fspy; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fth;. vOgJfspy; vOjj; njhlq;fpath;.

O fyhg;gphpahtpd; ,aw;ngah; NrhkRe;juk;. rpd;d

tajpy; vk;.[p.Mh; urpfdha; jp.K.f njhz;ldhf jPtpukhf ,aq;fpdhh;.

O mwpQh;

mz;zhtpd; ,uq;fy; $l;lj;jpw;fhf Kjd;Kjypy; ftpij (,uq;fw;gh) vOjpa NrhkRe;juk;> tz;zepytdpd; ifnaOj;Jg; gj;jphpf;ifahd nghUieapy; ftpij vOJk; NghJ jdf;Fj;jhNd fyhg;gphpah vd;W ngah; #l;bf; nfhz;lhh;. gpd;dh; frljgwtpy; ftpijfs; ntsptUk;NghJ $h;e;J ftdpf;fg;gl;lhh;. frljgwtpw;F gpd; thdk;ghb> hb> fizahop> jPgk; Mfpa ,jo;fspy; vOjpdhh;.

O ghYzh;T

ntspghLfSk;, rpy Ntisfspy; td;KiwAk; fyhg;gphpahtpd; ftpijfspy; nfhQ;rk; J}f;fyhf ,Uf;fpwJ vd;W rpyUk;; ,J mtuJ ftpij khe;jh;fs; tho;it xl;baJ vd;W rpyUk; mgpg;gpuhag;gLtJz;L. khtl;lk; filaey;Y}hpy; gzpfSf;F ,ilapy; jd;id Rw;wp tp~aq;fis ftpijfspy; gjpT tUfpwhh; fyhg;gphpah. o o o o o nts;sk; (1973) jPh;j;jahj;jpiu (1973) kw;whq;Nf (1980) vl;laGuk; (1982) Rak;tuk; kw;Wk; ftpijfs; (1985) tq;fpg; epfOk; nra;J

O ney;iy

O ftpijj; njhFg;Gfs;

tz;zjhrd;

O tz;zjhrd;

vd;W rpWfijfs; %yKk;> fy;ahz;[p vd;W ftpijfs; %yKk;> jkpo;

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

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o o o o o o o o o cynfy;yhk; #hpad; (1993) fyhg;gphpah ftpijfs; (1994) fyhg;gphpah ftpijfs; (2000) mdpr;rk; (2000) tdk; GFjy; (2003) vy;yhk; fye;j fhw;W (2008) epidtpd; jho;thuq;fs; (fl;Liuj; njhFg;G) - 2009 XLk; ejp (fl;Liuj; njhFg;G) 2010 fyhg;gphpahtpd; ftpijfs; (2010) Ngl;bfs;> tpkh;rdq;fs;> mgpg;gpuhaq;fs; cs;slf;fpaJ. cUs; ngUe;Njh; (2011) fl;Liuj; njhFg;G ehd; eP kPd; (2011) ftpijfs;

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o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o vOjf; Ftpe;j (1972) me;jj; njU (1972) fdtpd; kdpjd; (1972) gtoky;yp (1972) me;jpkk; (1972) ghh;j;jy; (1972) rhpT (1972) e~;lf; fzf;F (1972) fhiyeil (1972) jtisfs; (1972) cs;Nshl;lk; (1972) vl;Lf; ftpijfs; (1972) cs; cyfq;fs; (1972) NjNuhl;lk; (1972) kUjk; (1972) jkpo; (1973) r%fk; (1973) ek;gpf;if (1973) QhJU (1973) gjpy; (1973) ahNuh xUj;jh; jiyapNy (1973) vdf;Ff; nfhQ;rk; Nrhw;iwg; NghNld; (1973) vq;fs; tPl;L gPNuh (1973) te;jdk; vd;whd; xUtd; (1973) kz;iliaj; jpwe;jhy; (1973) kPz;Lk; mth;fs; (1973) vy;yhKk; Kjypy; ghoha; ,Ue;jJ (1973) jw;nrayha; vd; epoiy (1974) G+ (1974) #hpaDf;Fg; gpd;gf;fk; (1974) vij vLj;Jf; $WtJ (1974) ehY jiyf;fhud; (1974) fhyp (1974) ,ul;il epoy; (1975) vd; cyfk; (1978) Mf];L 15 (1978) kioehs; ghij (1978) mopTg; ghij (1980) fhf;if (1980) vd; rptNd (1981) mq;fk;khspd; ftiy (1981) %iyfs; (1981) vq;nfq;Fk; NghNtd; (1981) fy;Yk; fyitAk; (1981) efu kWf;fpwJ nghOJ (1981) fug;ghidg; gw;wpf; nfhz;lJ gy;yp (1981) ghiy (1981) njU (1981) cs;Sk; GwKk; (1981) jpiz cyfk; (1981) fhl;rp (1981) vd;d khjphp (1981)

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

o o

Qhd$j;jd; ftpijj; njhFg;Gfs; o Nahrid (1965) o gpur;rid (1968) o ehafk; (1968) o ghprpy; tho;f;if (1968) o ,f;fiug; gr;ir (1969) o Nghuhl;lk; (1969) o Nah[id (1969) o cwT (1969) o MtJk; vd;dhNy (1969) o fPo;ntz;kzp (1969) o tpl;Lg;Nghd ehp (1969) o eha; (1969) o fhytOtikjp (1969) o jzy; (1969) o fzf;Fg; Nghl;lhd; (1969) o ,ul;il ep[q;fs; (1970) o ntq;fhak; (1970) o New;W ahUk; tutpy;iy (1970) o rpdpkhr;Nrhoh; (1970) o Njhoh; NkhrpfPudhh; (1970) o k`;`hd; fhe;jp k`;`hd; (1970) o nfhs;splj;J Kjiyfs; (1970) o tFg;Gf;F tUk; vYk;Gf;$L (1970) o mk;khtpd; ngha;fs; (1971) o kz;Zk; ke;jphpAk; (1971) o md;W NtW fpoik (1971) o cah;jpU ghujpahh; (1971) o =y= (1971) o najpnujph; cyfq;fs; (1971) o irf;fps; fkyk; (1971) o jiyaiz (1972) o fdT (1972) o xl;lfk; (1972) o njhONehahspfs; (1972) o cijthq;fp mOk; Foe;ijf;F (1972) o gl;bg;G+ (1972) o tpLKiw jUk; G+jk; (1972) o ehs; (1972)

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

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o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o nrhy; (1981) Xl;il &th (1981) flw;fiuapy; rpy kuq;fs; (1981) gphpT (1982) kioapy; (1982) Fg;igj;Jiz . (1982) ,oe;j NgdhTk;; ,Uf;Fk; NgdhTk; (1982) gphpTk; Nrh;f;ifAk; (1982) el;L (1982) kpsfha;g; goq;fs; khbapy; (1982) Rk;kh (1982) cgNjrk; (1982) fhfpj tho;f;if (1982) < (1982) vy;yhk; ,Wjpapy; gofpg; Ngha;tpLk; (1983) yhwp (1984) jz;zPh;j; njhl;b kPd;fs; (1984) Nfs;tp (1984) Ie;J ftpijfs; (1984) eph;kyk; (1986) jpUg;jp (2009) cah; khfly; cw;nwhU (2009) nrhd;dijf; Nfl;l [d;dy; fjT (2009) ek;ik mJ jg;ghNjh? (2010)

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gl;l Ma;T nra;jth;. Mye;J}hpy; ftpijtl;lk; vd;Dk; ,yf;fpa mikg;ig Vw;gLj;jpj; jkpofj;jpd; gy gFjpfspypUe;Jk; ftpQh;fs; te;J fye;J nfhs;Sk; ftpauq;Ffis elj;jpath;. E}w;whz;LfSf;F Kd;G ntspte;j E}y;fisg; gjpg;gpj;J ntspapLk; gzpapy; <Lgl;L> MWKf ehtyh;> Rd;dhfk; Fkhurhkpg; Gyth;> rghgjp ehtyh;> ghpjpkhw;fiyQh;> fl;Liufisj; njhFj;J Kjy; Kiwahf E}y; tbtk; nfhLj;J 22 njhFjpfshf ntspapl;lth; kiwkiyabfs;. jpU.tp.f.> fh.R.gps;is> kapiy rPdp Ntq;flrhkp> gd;nkhopg; Gyth; fh.mg;ghj;Jiuahh; cs;spl;l mwpQh;fspd; E}y;fis kWgjpg;G nra;j ngUikf;Fhpath; jkpof murpd; ghNte;jh; tpUJ> Foe;ij ,yf;fpa khkzp> tp.[p.gp. tpUJ> ftpNte;jh;> Kj;jkpo;f;ftpQh; cs;spl;l gl;lq;fisAk; tpUJfisAk; ngw;w ngUikf;Fhpath;. ,th; vOjpa nghd;dk;kh xU GJikg;ngz; vd;w ehlfk; V.tp.vk;. mwf;fl;lisapd; jq;fg;gjf;fk; ghpR ngw;wJ. tzf;fj;jpw;Fhpa tujuhrdhh; vd;w Foe;ij ,yf;fpa E}y; E}y jkpof murpd; Kjy; ghpirg; ngw;wJ. kNyrpah> jha;yhe;J> nkhhprPaR cs;spl;l may;ehLfSf;F ,yf;fpag; gazkhfr; nrd;W te;Js;shh;. jpy;ypapy; cs;s Njrpag; Gj;jf epWtdj;jhh; ,th;jk; ftpijfis Mq;fpyj;jpYk; ,e;jpapYk; nkhopngah;j;Js;sdh;. QhdgPl epWtdj;jhh; hh ,th; jk; ftpijfis ,e;jpapy; nkhopngah;j;J ntspapl;Ls;sdh;. Mye;J}h; Nfh.Nkhfduq;fd; mth;fspd; ghly;fs; gs;spg; ghl E}y;fspy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd. jkpof murpd; ghl E}y;fNs kl;Lkpd;wpf; fUehlf khepyj;jpd; jkpo;g;ghl E}y;fspYk;> rpq;fg;G+h;> kNyrpah> nkhhprPaR ehl;Lj; jkpo;g;ghl E}y;;fspYk; ,th; ghly;fs; ghlE}y;fspy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd. Mye;J}h; Nkhfduq;fd; thndhypapy; ,irg;ghly;fisAk;; ,irehlfq;fisAk; vOjpg; Gfo;g;ngw;wth;. Mye;J}h; Nfh. Nkhfduq;fd; mth;fspd; Jiztpahh; ngah; jpUthl;b tre;jh Nkhfduq;fd;. ,th;fSf;F Kidth; Nkh.ghl;lofd;> kUj;Jth; ftpkzp> kUj;Jth; Nkh.Njd;nkhop> nkh.ntw;wpaurp> khop> kUj;Jth; Nkh. md;Gkyh;> kUj;Jth; Nkh. fiythzd; vd;Dk; kf;fl;nry;tq;fs; cs;sdh;. fhynkDk; kiyapilNa ftpij xU NjdUtp vdTk; Mirf;Fg; ghLNthUk;> moFf;Fg; ghLNthUk;> Xirf;Fg; ghLNthUk;> G+irf;Fg; ghLNthUk;> Gyikf;Fg; ghLNthUk; fhRf;Fg; ghlhuhdhy; fhyj;ij ntd;W tho;thh; vdTk; ghbAs;s thpfs; ,yf;fpar; nrOik nfhz;ld.

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

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O Mye;J}h;

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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

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O Mye;J}h; Nfh.Nkhfduq;fd; E}y;fSs; rpy.
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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714 #shkzp IQ;rpW fhg;gpaq;fSs; jiy rpwe;j E}y; rputzngyNfhyh Fsj;Jf; fy ntl;Lg;gb ,jd; Mrphpah; Njhyhnkhopj;Njth; jth. jptpl;ld; vd;Dk; kd;dd; Rag; gpuig vd;gth;fisg; gw;wpa fij. Nre;jd; (mtdp #shkzp khwth;kd;) vd;Dk; kd;dd; fhyj;jpy; muq;Nfw;wg; ngw;wJ. %yf; fij MUfj kfhg;Guhzj;ij jOtpaJ Gyuhkd; - fz;zd; Nghd;w ,jpy; jptpl;ld; - tprad; tpsq;Ffpd;wdh; aNrhjufhtpak; mwj;jhy; ngWk;gad; gw;wpf; $Wfpd;wJ Mrphpah; ntz;zhtYilahh; ,e;E}y; 6 rUf;fq;fshy; 340 ghf;fshy; nfhz;lJ fp.gp. 10k; E}w;whz;by; ,e;E}y; tof;fpw;F te;jJ ,irapdhy; fhkk; tpisAk; vd;Dk; fUj;J typAWj;jg;gLfpd;wJ cja ehl;L khhpjj;jd; vd;w murDf;F mwnewpf;fUj;ij mwpTWj;Jtjw;fhf aNrhjud; vd;gtdila gy;NtW gpwg;Gfisg; gw;wpr; mgaUrp> mgaUrp> mgakjp vd;w ,U rkzj; Jwtpfs; nrhy;YtNj ,e;E}ypy; mike;Js;sJ. cj;ju Guhzj;jpy; cs;s Gl;g je;jh; fij vd;Dk; $Wth; Nrhod; khhpahj;jhs; tuyhW fhzg;gLfpwJ.

o o o o o o o o o o o o

cjaz Fkhufhtpak; IQ;rpW fhg;gpaq;fSs; xd;W ngUq;fijapdpd;Wk; NtWghLilaJ 367 ghf;fs; cilaJ

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

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www.tnpsctamil.in

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SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714 ehf Fkhufhtpak; IQ;rpW fhg;gpaq;fSs; xd;W ehf gQ;rkp fij gw;wp Fwpg;gplg;gLfpwJ. fe;jpahh; pahh vd;gth; ,jd; Mrphpah; Kw;wpYk; mope;Jtpl;ljhf fUjg;ngw;w ,e;E}y; [Ptge;J =ghy; =ghy vd;w rkz mwpQuhy; 1973 y; gjpf;fg;ngw;wJ.

SHUNMUGAM IAS STUDY CIRCLE H.O: Coimbatore -99941 46662 B.O: Tirunelveli- 95972 11166, Tirupur-99944 27714

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