Fig.

1 shows traction motor in the state of motordriven, n1>n (1) n1 means the motor synchronous speed, that is the speed

of rotating magnetic field, n means that the actual rotated speed of the motor, motor output positive torque, the power traction motor absorbs from the power grid through the transformer convert into dynamic energy, which can drive vehicle running.

As shown in Fig.2 when the traction motor work in the regenerative braking state, the motor speed n is higher than synchronous speed n1, n1<n (2) at this time motor is in state of generating power, and motor output negative torque, at this time energy send out by motor through pulse converter give back to the grid.