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][mm
Kg
m3

FAstc

rps

hRP

kJ
o
kg K
kJ
Kg

T0 TR

Tp

C
C

V
I
t
h
A

[]V
[]A
][sec
][mm
%
[]W

P0

][kPa

Kg
sec
][ml

ml
sec

bp
.

Cp

Ws

H
.

bsfc

kJ
kgo K

[]W
][kW
][kW

%
kW
kg h


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.1 ( ) :
" :
N

kg m mm

P kPa 2 10 3 g h 3 2
10 3 kPa
m

m s 1000

kg
:
3
m
* , h 1mm :

H o 1000
2

. P 9.8 10 3 kPa
* " .
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1".
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11

,

kJ
R 0.287
:
kg

kg
fuel 750 3 :
m
kJ
hRP 44250 :
kg

" . T0 25 .6[ o C ] 298 .75 o K :


. P0 1028 mbar 102 .8kPa :


d 13[mm] :

1
:
14.9
50rps :
3[ml] :
kJ
1.007 o :
kg K
FAstc

C pair

kJ
C Pfuel 1.71
:
kg

13



1
2
3
4
5
6

] h[mm H 2 O

]t[s

7
7.5
9
12
18
24

]I[A

33
31
29
24
20
16

]T[c

]V[v
6
10
14
18
22
25

7.5
12.5
17.5
22
27
25

480
480
470
460
450
460


.1 :

P0V mRT0
m

V
kg
m3

102.8
kg

1.1989 3
0.287 298.75
m
P0
RT0

air
air

* "
.2 :
6 7 .5

104 .65W
0.43

V I

bp

A " ,
-" .
.3 :

kg
kg
m air 2.06 10 6 d 2 h 2.06 10 6 13 2 7 12 1 10 3
sec
sec
* : " .

.4 :
q fuel kg 3 10 6 750
kg

6.818 10 5

t sec
33
s

m fuel

3ml
.
17

.5 :

m fuel mair
FA
6.818 10 5

14 .9
1.014
FAstc
1 14 .9
1 10 3

m fuel

m fuel

mair
m air
C8 H 18 -
1
.
:
14.9
* -
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* - , . 1 1.47
* , . 1
: .
.6 :

air c pair TR T0 103 1.007 0 0kW


H air m
: " .
.7 :

m fuel c p fuel TR T0 hRP kW 6.818 10 5 c p fuel 0 44250 3.013 kW

.8 :

H R H fuel H air KW 3.013 0 3.013kW

10

fuel

: .9

H p m CO2 c PCO2 m CO c PCO m H 2O c PH 2O m N 2 c PN 2 m O2 c PO2

TP T0 KW


.
:
8 44.01
m fuel 3.082m fuel
m CO2
114.23
9 18.015
m fuel 1.42m fuel
m H 2O

114
.
23

47 28.013
11.526
m fuel
m N 2
m fuel

114.23

12.51 32
m fuel 3.5021 m fuel
m CO2
114.23
: 1

9.63

m CO2
6.55 m fuel

1
m CO 1 6.13m fuel

m H 2O 1.42m fuel
11.526
m fuel
m N 2

:

kJ
C PCO 0.8418 o
2
kg C
kJ
C PCO 1.0413 o
kg C
kJ
C PH 2O 1.8723 o
kg C
kJ
C PN 2 1.0416 o
kg C
kJ
C PO2 0.9216 o
kg C
:) - 1.014 (
9.63

6.55 0.8418 1
6.13 1.0413
1.014

1.014
6.818 10 5 480 25.6 0.5287KW
H p

11.526
1.42 1.8723

1.0416 0 0.9216
1.014

12

.10" :
* .SSSF

Q W S H P H R kW
b
W S P
1000
104.65
Q
0.528 3.013 2.38kW
1000
.
.11 :
104 .65
bP
1000

3.4%
m fuel hRP 6.818 10 5 44250

,
.
.12 :
m fuel kg 6.818 10 5 3600
kg

2.34

104
.
65
b p kW h
kW h
1000

, .
.
: .

14

bsfc

1
2
3
4
5
6

[]%
43
53.5
60.5
65
66.5
66.5


[]W104.65
233.64
404.96
609.23
893.23
939.85


[]kg/s
1.01E-03
1.04E-03
1.14E-03
1.32E-03
1.62E-03
1.87E-03


[]kg/s
6.82E-05
7.26E-05
7.76E-05
9.38E-05
1.13E-04
1.41E-04

1.01
1.04
1.01
1.06
1.04
1.12

'
1
2
3
4
5
6

kg
m CO 2
s

kg
m CO
s

kg
m H 2O
s

2.06E-04
2.00E-04
2.31E-04
2.40E-04
3.09E-04
2.86E-04

4.63E-07
2.49E-06
8.01E-07
5.09E-06
3.91E-06
1.52E-05

9.68E-05
1.03E-04
1.10E-04
1.33E-04
1.60E-04
2.00E-04

7.81E-04
8.08E-04
8.85E-04
1.02E-03
1.25E-03
1.45E-03

H air kW

H fuel kW

H R kW

H P kW

Q kW

0
0
0
0
0
0

3.02
3.21
3.43
4.15
4.98
6.22

3.02
3.21
3.43
4.15
4.98
6.22

0.53
0.55
0.59
0.66
0.79
0.93

-2.38
-2.43
-2.44
-2.88
-3.29
-4.35

:
( )
kg
m N 2
s

11

[]%
3.47
7.27
11.80
14.69
17.94
15.10

kg
kW h
2.35
1.12
0.69
0.55
0.45
0.54

:1
20
18
16
14
12

8
6
4
2

1.13

1.11

1.09

1.05

1.07

12

1.03

1.01

0
0.99

[]%

10

:2
-1.5
1000

900

800

700

600

400

500

300

200

100

-2.0

-2.5

-3.5

-4.0

-4.5
[]w

10

[]kW

-3.0

:3
20
18
16
14
12

8
6
4
2
0
1000

900

800

700

600

400

500
[]W

11

300

200

100

[]%

10

:4
2.5

2.0

1.0

0.5

0.0
1000

900

800

700

600

400

500
[]w

11

300

200

100

[])kg/(kW*h

1.5




"

"

eV 0.5V

e I 0.5A

0.5mm

eh

e A 0.5%

] eq fuel 0.05[ml

eT 10 o C

eT0 0.1 o K

"

1
kPa
60
e 0.5rps

et 0.5sec

e P0


.1 :
( )

q fuel fuel kg
sec
t

m fuel

em fuel

fuel
q fuel fuel


eq fuel
et
2
t
t

em fuel

750
750 3 10

0.05 10 6
0.5
2
33
33

em fuel

m fuel
m fuel


eq fuel
et
q

fuel
t
2

( ):
kg
em fuel 1.535 10 6
s

13

.2 :
( )

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V I
bP
A
V I

m fuel hRP m fuel hRP m fuel hRP A

:
2

2
2





eV
eI
em fuel
e A

V
I
m fuel

e A

I

eV
m h
fuel
RP
A

e A



V
I V
I V

eI
em fuel
e A
2
2
m h
m h
h m

fuel
RP
A
A
RP
fuel
fuel RP A

7.5
6

0.5
0.5

5
3
5
3
6.82 10 44250 10 0.43
6.82 10 44250 10 0.43

6 7.5
6 7.5

1.535 10 6
0.01
2
5
3
6.82 10 5 2 44250 10 3 0.43

0.43 6.82 10 10 44250

:
e A 0.386 %

17

e A

: .7

fuel
m

fuel
m
air
m

1
air
m
14 .9

q fuel fuel

t
14 .9 14 .9
P0

6
2
2.06 10 d h R T
air
0

q fuel fuel

14 .9
2.06 10 6 d 2 h P0

Rair T0




e eq fuel
eh
e P0
eT0
P0
q
h
T0

e 14.9

750
3 10 6 750
6

0.05 *10
0.5
6
2
6
2
2.06 10 13 7 1.1989
2 2.06 10 13 7 7 1.1989

3 10 6 750
1
3 10 6 750

0.1

6
2
6
2
2 2.06 10 13 102.8 7 1.1989 60 2 2.06 10 13 298.75 7 1.1989

:
e 0.088

10

: .5

bsfc

fuel kg m
fuel m
fuel A
m

b p kW h V I
V I

:
2

ebsfc

2
2
bfcs
bfcs
bfcs

bfcs


em fuel
eV
e I
e A
m
V
I
A
fuel

ebsfc

2
m fuel A
A
m fuel

em fuel
e A
eV
V2 I
V I
V I

ebsfc

5
6.82 10 5 0.43
6.82 10 5 0.43

0.43
6.82 10


1.535 10 6
0.01

0
.
5
0.5
2
2
6 7.5
6 7.5
6 7.5
6 7.5

m fuel A


e I
2
V I

:
kg
ebsfc 7.265 10 8
kW h

. :
.

kg
kW h
7.266E-08
2.194E-08
1.002E-08
6.907E-09
5.292E-09
6.788E-09

0.088
0.080
0.064
0.045
0.030
0.024


]%[
0.387
0.514
0.617
0.659
0.754
0.685

]%[
1
1
0.5
0.25
0.125
0.125

kg
s
1.536E-06
1.683E-06
1.861E-06
2.501E-06
3.380E-06
4.980E-06

'
1
2
3
4
5
6

.*

12


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carnot 1 L
TH
:
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carnot 1
60%
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1

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c P0

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4
5
6


[]%
60.33
60.33
59.80
59.25
58.69
59.25


[]%
3.47
7.27
11.80
14.69
17.94
15.10


[]%
4.70
9.52
14.87
17.64
20.69
17.02

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30


[ ]1 " ,. " ,.1220 ,
[" ]1 " , ,.1244 ,
[" ]3 ", , ' .
[ ]7 .1
[]0

Heywood, J.B, Internal Combustion Engine Fundementals, McGraw Hill, 1988.

[]2

Cassons Instruction Manual, 1998.

31

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