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Group Members
PriyankDoshi Joyson Fernandes

Vivek Pardeshi

What is 1G ?
The first-generation of wireless telephone technology,

mobile telecommunications. These are the analog telecommunications standards that were introduced in the 1980s and continued until being replaced by 2G digital telecommunications. The main difference between two succeeding mobile telephone systems, 1G and 2G, is that the radio signals that 1G networks use are analog, while 2G networks are digital. Although both systems use digital signaling to connect the radio towers (which listen to the handsets) to the rest of the telephone system, the voice itself during a call is encoded to digital signals in 2G whereas 1G is only modulated to higher frequency, typically 150 MHz and up.

What is 2G ?
2G (or 2-G) is short for second-generation wireless

telephone technology. Second generation 2G cellular telecom networks were commercially launched on the GSM standard in 1991. Three primary benefits of 2G networks over their predecessors were that phone conversations were digitally encrypted, 2G systems were significantly more efficient on the spectrum allowing for far greater mobile phone penetration levels; and 2G introduced data services for mobile, starting with SMS text messages.

What is 3G ?
International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT2000), better known as 3G or 3rd Generation, is a generation of standards for mobile phones and mobile telecommunications services fulfilling specifications by the International Telecommunication Union. Application services include wide-area wireless voice telephone, mobile Internet access, video calls and mobile TV, all in a mobile environment. Compared to the older 2G and 2.5G standards, a 3G system must allow simultaneous use of speech and data services, and provide peak data rates of at least 200 kbit/s according to the IMT-2000 specification.

3G

A telecommunication hardware standards and general Technology for mobile networking It is based on the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) family of standards It conceived from Universal Mobile Telecommunication Service (UMTS) concept for high speed networks for enabling variety of data intensive applications It consists of two main standards CDMA 2000 & w-CDMA 3G network operators offer wide range of advanced service to its users This can be achieved by Spectral efficiency Services wide-area wireless voice Telephone, video calls, and broadband wireless, data all in a mobile environment

Why 3G?
Higher bandwidth enables a range of new applications!! For the consumer
Video streaming, TV broadcast Video calls, video clips news, music, sports Enhanced gaming, chat, location services

For business
High speed teleworking / VPN access Video conferencing Real-time financial information

The Goal of 3G
Higher transmit rate

Rich and colorful service

Good voice quality Larger capacity Lower cost

Good secret performance

High frequency efficiency Max rate up to 2.4Mb/s Easy to transition from 2G

3G Wireless Networks
It represents the convergence of various 2G wireless first adopted in Japan and South Korea its ability is to unify existing cellular standards such as

telecommunications systems into a single global system

CDMA, GSM, and TDMA under one umbrella and the Universal Wireless Communication (UWC) interfaces

this results wideband CDMA, CDMA2000

What is 3G Mobile?

Evolution towards 3G

Bandwidth and Speed

The 3G Performance Advantage

Time to download a 1 MB file: Fixed line modem: GSM cell phone: 3 minutes 15 minutes

Enhanced GSM phone:

3G phone (outdoor): 3G phone (indoor):

1-5 minutes
21 seconds 4 seconds

3G Capabilities
High-speed data transmissions Symmetrical and asymmetrical data transmission

support Improved voice quality Greater capacity Multiple simultaneous services Global roaming across networks Improved security Service flexibility

3G Applications
Video calling Internet connectivity Mobile email Multimedia services such as sharing of digital photos and movies via wireless means Videos and music downloads Real-time multiplayer gaming Enhanced emergency and location-based services Low-latency push-to-talk and push-to-video message services And many more to come depending on the creativity of technologists......

Market Drivers Towards 3G

Rapid growth in text, WAP and other data traffic- up to 50% of total mobile traffic 1. within 5 years
2. Mobile & Internet penetration both growing rapidly 3. Mobile penetration likely to exceed PCs & fixed

4. Alliances forming between major mobile, IT and e-commerce players

5. Mobile commerce and multimedia identified as key growth areas - but need bandwidth to deliver

Types of mobile Internet connectivity

Global systems for mobile communication (GSM) High speed circuit switched data (HSCSD) General packet radio services (GPRS)

Third generation (3G) mobile

Enhanced data GSM environment (EDGE) Public access WLAN Linked public access WLANs

Features
Data rates
ITU has not provided a clear definition of the data rate users can expect from 3G equipment or providers. Thus users sold 3G service may not be able to point to a standard and say that the rates it specifies are not being met. While stating in commentary that "it is expected that IMT-2000 will provide higher transmission rates: a minimum data rate of 2 Mbit/s for stationary or walking users, and 384 kbit/s in a moving vehicle, the ITU does not actually clearly specify minimum or average rates or what modes of the interfaces qualify as 3G, so various rates are sold as 3G intended to meet customers expectations of broadband data.

Security
3G networks offer greater security than their 2G predecessors. By allowing the UE (User Equipment) to authenticate the network it is attaching to, the user can be sure the network is the intended one and not an impersonator. 3G networks use the KASUMI block crypto instead of the older A5/1 stream cipher. However, a number of serious weaknesses in the KASUMI cipher have been identified . In addition to the 3G network infrastructure security, end-to-end security is offered when application frameworks such as IMS are accessed, although this is not strictly a 3G property.

3G Summary

1. 3G mobile is a major opportunity for business, commerce and consumers 2. Brings together the two fastest growing market sectors - Mobile and Internet 3. Market, services and standards evolving from 2G to 3G 4. Significant opportunities for value added content and service providers 5. 3G enables higher and faster data transfer. 6. 3G gives the maximum security

Key 3G and 4G Parameters

Attribute Major Characteristic Network Architecture Frequency Band Component Design Bandwidth Data Rate Access 3G 4G Predominantly voice- data as Converged data and VoIP add-on Wide area Cell based Hybrid integration of Wireless Lan (WiFi), Blue Tooth, Wide Area 1.6 - 2.5 GHz 2 8 GHz Optimized antenna; multiband adapters 5 20 MHz 385 Kbps - 2 Mbps WCDMA/CDMA2000 Smart antennas; SW multiband; wideband radios 100+ MHz 20 100 Mbps MC-CDMA or OFDM

Switching
Mobile top Speed IP Operational

Circuit/Packet
200 kmph Multiple versions ~2003

Packet
200 kmph All IP (IPv6.0) ~2011

Some 3G Mobile Phones

Thank You