BELRL NTEGRAL

HAZIRLAYAN
12 - A SINIFI MATEMATK
KURTLARI GRUBU
Tanm:f fonksiyonu [a,b] aralnda
tanml ve integrallenebilen fonksiyon
ise;
) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( a F b F x F dx x f
b
a
b
a
= =
}
*zellikleri
*ntegral Trevi
*zel tanml Fonk. ntegrali
*Eri Altnda Kalan Alan Hesab
*ki Eri Arasnda Kalan Alan
*Dnel Cisimlerin Alan
ZELLKLER
} }
} }
}
=
=
=
b
a
b
a
b
a
b
a
b
a
dx ) x ( f c dx ) x ( cf ) 3
dx ) X ( f dx ) x ( f ) 2
0 dx ) x ( f ) 1 | |
) b a (
dx ) x ( f dx ) x ( f ) 6
dx ) x ( f dx ) x ( f dx ) x ( f
b c a ) 5
dx ) x ( g dx ) x ( f d ) x ( g ) x ( f ) 4
b
a
b
a
b
a
c
a
b
c
b
a
b
a
b
a
<
s
+ =
< <
=
} }
} } }
} } }

}
} }
} }
=
=
=
s
s <

a
a -
a
a
a
0
b
a
b
a
0 f(x)dx
ise fonksiyon tek f(x) ) 9
dx ) x ( f dx ) x ( f
f(x) f(-x) ise fonksiyon ift f(x) ) 8
dx ) x ( g dx ) x ( f
ise, g(x) f(x) ve b a ) 7
2 n 10 n 3 n 10 ) f(n
6 f(1) - f(n) x 3
2
2x
f(x) zm
? n ise 6 dx ) 3 x 2 ( r
2
2
n
1
= = + =
= + = =
= = + =
}
t
=
t
t
t
+ =
t
t
+ =
t
+ = + =
=

s s
t
s s
= =
} } } }
}
2
2
1
)
2
sin (sin
2
2
1
x
2
sin
2
2
x
dx x
2
cos dx x f(x)dx f(x)dx zm
? dx ) x ( f
ise 2 x 1 ,
2
cos
1 x 0 x,
f(x) r
2
1
1
0
2
2
1
1
0
2
1
1
0
2
0
2
3
3
2
sin
3
sin u 2 sin u 2
2
u 1 sinu 2sinu 2 2 x
6
u
2
1
sinu sin2u 1 1 x
u 2 sin u 2 u 2 sin
2
1
u ( 2
u 2 cos 1 2 du u cos 4 du u cos 2 u 4sin - 4
2cosu dx 2sinu x zm
? dx x 4 r
3
2
6
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2

t
= t + t +
t
= + =
t
= = = =
t
= = = =
+ = + =
+ = =
= = =
= =
t
t
t
} } }
}
NTEGRAL TREV
| |
| | | | ) x ( ' h ) x ( h f ) x ( ' g ) x ( g f dt ) t ( f
dx
d
) 3
) x ( ' g ) x ( g f dt ) t ( f
dx
d
) 2
) x ( f dt ) t ( f
dx
d
) 1
) x ( g
) x ( h
) x ( g
a
x
a
=
=
=
}
}
}
| | x 2 cos 4 x 2 cos 2 2 2 x 2 sin
dx
d
zm
? ) udu sin (
dx
d
r
u 12 cos u 6 u 6 ) u 3 ( 4 cos zm
? xdx 4 cos
du
d
r
x 2
3
2
2
2 2
u 3
0
2
= = =
= =
= =
= =
}
}
dx
dy
1 - 2y
2x

dx
dy
) 1 y 2 ( x 2
dx
dy
) 1 y 2 (
x
2
e 0
dx
dy
) 1 y 2 (
x
x 2
e
0 dt ) 1 t 2 (
dx
d
dx e
dx
d
zm
?
dx
dy
ise 0 dt ) 1 t 2 ( dt e r
3
3
lnx
2
x ln 2
y
1
x ln
1
t 2
x ln
1
1
y
t 2
4 2
2
2
= =
= =
= =
= = + =
} }
} }
ZEL TANIMLI FONKSYONLARIN NTEGRAL
( ) ? dx x 2 1 x r
3
1
= + =
}

3 - 2x 1 2x - 3 x 2 1 - x
2 - x x - 2 x - 2 x - 2
1 - x 1 - x x - 1 1 x
2 1 x
+

} } }

= + + + =
1
1
3
1
3
2
23 dx ) 3 x 2 ( dx dx ) 3 x 2 ( zm
? dx ) x sin x (sin r = + =
}
t
t
2sinx 2sinx - x sin x sin
sinx sinx - sinx
- sinx
sinx -sinx sin(-x9 x sin
x x - x
0 - x
+
+
=
t t
} }
t
t
= + =
0
0
8 xdx sin 2 xdx sin 2 zm
}
= + =
4
1
2
? dx ) 6 x 5 x ( Sgn r
1 1 - 1 Sgn
- 6 5x - x
4 3 2 1 x
2
+ + +
} } }
= + =
2
1
3
2
4
3
1 dx dx dx zm
? dx ) 1 x sgn( x ( r
3
1
= + =
}

1 x 1 x - 1 - x -
1 1 1 - 1) sgn(x
- - 1 x
x x - x - x
0 1 - x
+ +
+
+ +
} }

= + + + =
0
1
3
0
5 dx ) 1 x ( dx ) 1 x ( zm
? dx 4 x 3 r
2
1
= =
}
1 0 1 - 4 - 3x
2 1 0 1 - 4 - 3x
6 5 4 3 x 3
3
6

3
5

3
4

3
3
x
} }
= + =
3
4
1
3
6
3
5
0 dx dx zm
? dx
4
x
: r
9
0
=
}
2 1 0
4
x
3 2 1 0
4
x
12 8 4 0 x
} }
= +
8
4
9
8
6 dx 2 dx : zm
( ) ? 1 1 :
2
0
= + +
}
dx x x r
1 x x - 2 1 x 1 x
2 1 1 x
3 2 1 1 x
1 - x x - 1 1 - x
2 1 0
+ + +
+
+
x
( ) ( ) 4 1 x - 2 :
2
1
1
0
= + +
} }
dx x dx zm
? x sgn :
3
1 -
=
}
dx r
1 1 0 1 - x sgn
2 1 0 1 - x
3 2 1 0 1 - x
} }
= +
0
1 -
3
1
1 dx dx - : zm
? sinx sgn :
2
2
=
}
dx r
t
t
1 - 0 sinx sgn
1 - 1 - 0 sinx
0 1 - 0 1 sinx
2 2 3 2 t t t t x
}
=
t
t
t
2
- dx - : zm
? cos cosx :
2
=
}
dx x r
t
t
0 cosx cos cosx
cosx cosx - cosx
0 1 - cosx
1 0 1 - cosx
2 2 3
x
x

t t t
1 cos :
2 3
=
}
t
t
dx x zm
ER ALTINDA KALAN ALANIN HESABI
A2
y=f(x)
a
b
c x
y
A1
} } }
= = + =
b
a
c
a
b
c
dx x f dx x f dx x f A A A ) ( ) ( ) (
2 1
1)
2) y
y=f(x)
b
a
x
} }
= =
b
a
b
a
ydx dx x f A ) (
y
y=f(x)
b
a
x
}
=
b
a
dx x f A ) (
3)
a
b
y
A1
x=f(y)
x
A2
} } }
=
+ =
b
c
c
a
b
a
dy y f dy y f dy y f
A A A
) ( ) ( ) (
2 1
4)
5)
} }
= =
b
a
b
a
xdy dy y f A ) (
a
b
y
x
x=f(y)
6)
a
b
y
x
x=f(y)
}
=
b
a
dy y f A ) (
nedir? alan blgenin
kalan arasras ekseni x ile eris x - 2x y :
2
= r
2
3 2
2
0
2

3
4
3 2
2
x - 2x S
2 x 0 x ) 2 (
br
x x
dx
x x y
= = =
= = =
}
2 0
y
x
? dir ' br ka alan kalan arasras
ekseni x ve doorula 2 x -1, x doorus 2 x :
2
= = + r
2
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
15
2
2
1
2 2
2
2
2
2
) 2 ( ) (
br
x
x
dx x dx x f A
=
|
.
|

\
|

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
+ = + = =
} }

-1
-2
2
2
y
x
r: f(x)=2-x
2
/2 erisi ile ox ekseni arasnda kalan alan bulunuz.
ZM:
-2 2
2
x
y
( )
( )
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
3 2
3
16
3
4
4
3
4
4
6
2
2 2
6
2
2 2
3 2
1
2
2
2
br
x
x dx
x
A
= + =
(

|
|
.
|

\
|
=
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
=

}
K ER ARASINDA KALAN ALAN
f(x)
a b c
g(x)
x
y
}
=
b
a
dx x g x f S ) ( ) (
a b
f(x)
g(x)
S
x
y
}
=
b
a
dx x g x f S ) ( ) (
*stteki eriden alttaki eri kartlr!
a
b
x
y
f(y)
g(y)
}
=
b
a
dy y g y f S ) ( ) (
*Sadaki eriden soldaki eri kartlr!
R:y
2
=x erisi ile y=x-6 dorusu arasnda kalan blgenin alan ka br
2
dir?
ZM:
y
2
=y+6 y
2
-y-6=0 (y+2) (y-3)=0
y=-2 , y=3
y=x-6
y
2=
x
3
-2
x
y
( )
dir br
y
y
y
dy y y A
'
6
125
6
11
19
3
8
2
9
19
3
8
10 9
2
9
3
8
12
2
4
3
27
18
2
9
3
6
2
6
2
3
2
3
2
3 2
2
= + = + =
+ + =
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
+ = + =

}
DNEL CSMLERN ALANI
x
y
a
b
y=f(x)
| | dx y dx x f V
b
a
b
a
x
} }
= =
2
2
) ( t t
x
a
b
y
x=f(y)
| | dy x dy y f V
b
a
b
a
y
} }
= =
2
2
) ( t t
nedir? hacmi cismin edilen elde siyle dndrlme 360 etrafinda
ekseni ox blgenin kalan arasras ekseni ox e parabolyl 1 :
0
2
x y r =
( )
( )
t
t
t
15
16
2 1
1
1
1
4 2
1
1
2
=
+ =
=
}
}

x
x
x
V
dx x x V
dx x V
x 1
y
-1

BELRL NTEGRAL VE
ZELLKLERN NE ALAN
KONUMUZ BURADA SONA
ERMTR.
DNLEDNZ N TEEKKR
EDERZ.