SMALL CAPACITY SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMERS FOR SCATTERED LOADS

Presented by: K. Pranay Reddy(09261A0233)

ABSTRACT
Supply of Electricity with minimum losses is a challenge to country like India. The main contributing factor responsible for line losses is the usage of LV lines over a long distance.

The line losses in the distribution system can be minimized by using Single Phase High Transmission Distribution System.

CONTENTS
1) Single Phase Transformers in Distribution Systems

2) Comparison of types of HVDS Systems

3) Superiority of HVDS over LVDS

4) Restructuring of present LVDS to HVDS

5) Failures in HVDS Systems

6) Conclusion

SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMERS IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

High Voltage Distribution System Most practically used HVDS are: 1) Phase-Neutral HVDS 2) Phase-Phase HVDS

Phase-Phase Transformer

Phase-Neutral Transformer

PHASE-PHASE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

COMPARISION OF TYPES OF HVDS SYSTEMS

1) Circuit Capacity 2) Usage of Over Current Protection Equipment 3) Distribution Transformers Cost 4) Circuit Cost 5) Surge Arrestor Cost

Superiority of HVDS over LVDS

Line Losses, Voltage Drop, System Power Factor, Theft of Energy, End use Efficiency Equipment, Reliability.
PARTICULARS KOTTURU

No. of 15kva Transformers Number of Days

11 Number 15 Days

Input
Output Losses

5310 units
5019.2 units 290.8 units

% of losses on HVDS
% of losses in LT system % of reduction in losses

5.47%
18.63% 13.16%

Restructuring of present LVDS to HVDS

Replace of current 3-phase transformers with 1-phase transformers.

Same conductors can be used.

LV cross arms are replaced by HV cross arms.

Replacement of insulators and shackles are necessary.

FAILURES IN HVDS SYSTEM

OPERATIONAL DEFECTS

1) 2) 3) 4)

Radial distance between HV and LV coils Continuous Over heating Improper usage of Aluminum wire. Over loading of Distribution Transformers.

IMPROPER MAINTANENCE

1) Low level oil 2) Non maintenance of Breather. 3) Tree branches touching LT lines

CONCLUSION
By installing HV system, electrification of more villages can be possible. No additional generation capacity is needed for giving power to new load. Higher Degree of Reliability can be obtained by using HV systems.