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What is the definition of a citizen? Person who is entitled to enjoy all the legal rights and privileges granted by a state to the people comprising its constituency, and is obligated to obey its laws and to fulfill his or duties as called upon. (Source: BusinessDictionary.com) What is the definition of citizenship? The state of being vested with the rights, privileges, and duties of a citizen. The character of an individual viewed as a member of society; behavior in terms of the duties, obligations, and functions of a citizen. (Source: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/citizenship A number of documents may be helpful reading as background to this, including the Constitution of Guyana, the Universal Declaration on Human Rights, etc. What is the definition of civic engagement? Civic engagement means working to make a difference in the civic life of our communities and developing the combination of knowledge, skills, values and motivation to make that difference. It means promoting the quality of life in a community, through both political and non-political processes. Source: http://www.nytimes.com/ref/college/collegespecial2/coll_aascu_defi.html
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Forms, actions and activities of civic engagement Forms of civic engagement include individual voluntarism to organizational involvement to electoral participation Examples of actions include efforts to directly address an issue, work with others in a community to solve a problem or interact with the institutions of representative democracy Activities include working in home construction, serving in a community-based organization, writing a letter to an elected official/newspaper, participating in a rally, public debates on policy issues and voting. The role of the media and of political/organizational leaders should be taken into consideration. The spectrum of engagement (Activity) The actions of individuals and organizations can range on a spectrum from being highly disengaged to highly engaged o Individuals in the session were asked to suggest and discuss examples of activities in Guyana and where they fit on this spectrum, as well as what these activities meant in the context of civic engagement o Examples which were placed towards the highly disengaged end of the spectrum included littering, improper road use, violence, effects of the tax system including VAT o Examples which were placed towards the highly engaged end of the spectrum included protests in Linden, women protesting mining activity in Aishalton What is active citizenship? Active citizenship requires people challenging the way that things are currently happening to become awkward and critical citizens who challenge the systems and structures of governance so they work better for them and their communities. This entails support for and motivation of empowered and empowering citizens who understand how things work, who feel able to get involved, to challenge people and existing mechanisms and structures to be more inclusive and open. (Source: http://changesuk.net/themes/active-citizenship/) It is everyones responsibility not just that of government - to ensure that civil rights are granted that the responsibilities which accompany them are accepted and carried out. What does active citizenship require? Being informed Being trained Knowing how to participate Knowing where to participate Barriers to civic engagement and active citizenship Existing structures Cultural beliefs and practices
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Attitudes Fear of reprisals Lack of information/access to information Community fragmentation and disharmony
Overcoming barriers to civic engagement and active citizenship Challenge self and others to become active citizens Ask question, debate issues Promote of learning for literacy (financial, health, political, legal) and empowerment Build individual knowledge and self-esteem Build collective identity and self-confidence Build leadership and followership capacity in organizations