PH LC

I.

Tn s m v tn mch Cacbon chnh: S m 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Tn mono i tri tetra penta hexa hepta octa nona eca Mch Cacbon chnh C C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 Tn met et prop but pent hex hept oct non ec

II.

Tn mt s nhm th thng thng:

1. Nhm th no:

CH3 : metyl

CH3 CH2 : etyl

C H
2 5

CH3 CH : isopropyl

CH3 CH2 CH2 : propyl

| CH3

CH3 CH CH2 : isobutyl | CH3

CH3 CH2 CH : sec butyl | CH3

CH3 | CH3 C : tertbutyl | CH3

CH3 | CH3 C CH2 : neopentyl | CH3

2. Nhm th khng no:

CH2 CH : vinyl

CH2 CH CH2 : anlyl

3. Nhm th thm:

C6H5 : phenyl

C6H5 CH2 : benzyl

III.

Tn mt s axit v gc axit thng gp: Axit Tn thng thng Axit fomic Axit axetic Axit propionic Axit isobutiric Axit valeric Axit acrylic Axit metacrylic Axit oxalic Axit benzoic Tn thay th Axit Axit Axit Axit Axit Axit Axit Axit Axit metanoic etanoic propanoic 2-metyl propanoic pentanoic propenoic 2-metyl propenoic etanioic benzoic Gc axit HCOOCH3COOCH3CH2COO(CH3)2CH-COOCH3[CH2]3-COOCH2=CH-COOCH2=C(CH3)-COOOOC-COOC6H5-COOTn gc axit fomat axetat propionat isobutirat valerat acrylat metacrylat oxalat benzoat

HCOOH CH3COOH CH3CH2COOH (CH3)2CH-COOH CH3[CH2]3-COOH CH2=CH-COOH CH2=C(CH3)-COOH HOOC-COOH C6H5-COOH