CNG HO X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT

QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA

V CHNG ST CHO CC TRM VIN THNG
V MNG CP NGOI VI VIN THNG
National technical regulation
on lightning protection for telecommunication stations
and outside cable network

H NI - 2011

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Mc lc
1. QUY NH CHUNG ................................................................................................................4
1.1. Phm vi iu chnh ..........................................................................................................4
1.2. Ti liu vin dn ..............................................................................................................4
1.3. Gii thch t ng v ch vit tt ......................................................................................4
1.4. Quy trnh qun l ri ro thit hi do st............................................................................8
1.5. Cc tiu ch c bn v bo v chng st ........................................................................9
1.5.1. Mc bo v chng st..............................................................................................9
1.5.2. Vng bo v chng st.............................................................................................9
2. QUY NH K THUT .........................................................................................................10
2.1. Yu cu v ri ro do st gy ra cho cng trnh vin thng.............................................10
2.1.1. Yu cu i vi nh trm vin thng......................................................................10
2.1.2. Yu cu i vi cp ngoi vi vin thng.................................................................11
2.2. Phng php tnh ton ri ro do st..............................................................................11
2.2.1. Tnh ton ri ro do st gy ra i vi nh trm vin thng.....................................11
2.2.2. Tnh ton ri ro do st gy ra i vi cp ngoi vi vin thng ................................14
2.3. Cc bin php bo v chng st cho cng trnh vin thng ..........................................16
2.3.1. Cc bin php bo v chng st cho nh trm vin thng.....................................16
2.3.2. Cc bin php bo v chng st cho cp ngoi vi vin thng................................19
3. QUY NH V QUN L......................................................................................................21
4. TRCH NHIM CA T CHC, C NHN ........................................................................21
5. T CHC THC HIN........................................................................................................21
PH LC A (Quy nh) Xc nh v tr lp t in cc thu st................................................22
PH LC B (Quy nh) Xc nh dng gy h hng cho cp kim loi v cp quang c thnh
phn kim loi ............................................................................................................................28
PH LC C (Quy nh) Tnh ton h s che chn ca dy chng st ngm bo v cp thng
tin chn ngm ...........................................................................................................................31
PH LC D (Tham kho) c im dng st ca Vit Nam....................................................33
PH LC E (Tham kho) Tnh ton ri ro tn tht cho mt trm vin thng in hnh............40
TH MC TI LIU THAM KHO ...........................................................................................43

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT

Li ni u
QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT c xy dng trn c s sot xt, chuyn
i Tiu chun Ngnh TCN 68-135:2001 Chng st bo v cc
cng trnh vin thng - Yu cu k thut ban hnh theo Quyt nh
s 1061/2001/Q-TCB ngy 21/12/2001 ca Tng cc trng
Tng cc Bu in (nay l B Thng tin v Truyn thng)
Cc yu cu k thut v phng php tnh trong QCVN
32:2011/BTTTT c xy dng trn c s tiu chun IEC 62305
phn 1, 2, 3 (2006), v cc Khuyn ngh K.39 (1996), K.40 (1996),
K.25 (1999) v K.47 (2008) ca ITU-T.
QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT do Vin Khoa hc K thut Bu in bin
son, V Khoa hc v Cng ngh trnh duyt, B Thng tin v
Truyn thng ban hnh km theo Thng t s 10/2011/TT-BTTTT
ngy 14/04/2011 ca B trng B Thng tin v Truyn thng.

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT

QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA

V CHNG ST CHO CC TRM VIN THNG
V MNG CP NGOI VI VIN THNG
National technical regulation
on lightning protection for telecommunication stations
and outside cable network

1. QUY NH CHUNG
1.1. Phm vi iu chnh
Quy chun k thut quc gia ny quy nh:
- Ri ro thit hi cho php do st gy ra i vi trm vin thng v cp ngoi vi vin thng;
- Phng php tnh ton tn sut thit hi do st gy ra i vi trm vin thng v cp ngoi vi
vin thng;
- Cc bin php chng st bo v trm vin thng v cp ngoi vi vin thng.
Quy chun ny c p dng cho cc cng trnh vin thng c trm vin thng, cp ngoi vi
vin thng nhm hn ch cc thit hi do st gy ra, m bo an ton cho con ngi v kh
nng cung cp dch v ca cc cng trnh vin thng.
1.2. Ti liu vin dn
QCVN 9:2010/BTTTT, Quy chun k thut quc gia v tip t cho cc trm vin thng.
TCVN 8071:2009, Cng trnh vin thng - Quy tc thc hnh chng st v tip t.
1.3. Gii thch t ng v ch vit tt
1.3.1. Din tch ri ro (risk area)
Din tch ri ro l din tch ca min bao quanh cng trnh vin thng, khi st nh vo din
tch ny c th gy nguy him cho cng trnh vin thng.
1.3.2. Dng xung st (lightning impulse current)
Dng xung st l xung dng in di tn s thp, xut hin khng c chu k nht nh, tng
vt n gi tr nh, ri gim xung n gi tr khng. Cc c trng ca dng xung st l:
- Gi tr nh (bin ) xung, I;
- Thi gian sn trc t gi tr nh, T 1;
- Thi gian sn sau gim n na gi tr nh, T2;
- Dng sng dng xung, T1/T2;
Hnh 1 trnh by dng sng dng st chun v cch xc nh cc thng s dng st.

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
I

0,9
1
0,5

0,1

A
O1

t
B
T1 =
1,25AB
T2

Hnh 1 - Dng sng dng st chun

1.3.3. in p xung (impulse voltage)
in p xung c cc c im c trng theo cch tng t nh dng xung. Hnh 2 trnh by
dng sng in p st chun v cch xc nh cc thng s in p st.

CCITT-3941

0,9

0,5
0,3
A
O1

T1 = 1,67AB
T2

Hnh 2 - Dng sng in p st chun

1.3.4. Dng gy h hng (cho cp) (failure current)
Dng gy h hng l dng st nh nht gy h hng cho cp vin thng, gy ra gin on
dch v.
1.3.5. Dng nh thng v (cp) (sheath breakdown current)
Dng nh thng v l dng in nh nht chy trong v kim loi ca cp, gy ra in p nh
xuyn gia cc thnh phn kim loi trong li cp v v kim loi cp, dn n h hng cp.
1.3.6. Dng th (test current)

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Dng th l dng in nh nht chy trong v kim loi ca cp, gy ra h hng cho cp do
cc tc ng c hoc nhit.
1.3.7. Dng in mi ni (i vi cp quang) (connection current)
Dng in mi ni l dng in nh nht chy trong cc thnh phn kt ni ca cp quang,
gy ra h hng cho cp do cc tc ng ca c hoc nhit.
1.3.8. in p nh xuyn (breakdown voltage)
in p nh xuyn l in p xung nh thng gia cc thnh phn kim loi trong li cp v
v kim loi ca cp.
1.3.9. Mt st (lightning density)
Mt st l s ln st nh xung mt n v din tch mt t trong mt nm (ly bng 1
km2).
1.3.10. Mc Keraunic (Keraunic level)
Mc Keraunic l gi tr ngy dng trung bnh trong mt nm, ly t tng s ngy dng trong
mt chu k hot ng 12 nm ca mt tri, ti mt trm quan trc kh tng.
1.3.11. Ngy dng (thunder day)
Ngy dng l ngy m v c trng kh tng, ngi quan trc c th nghe r ting sm.
1.3.12. St (lightning strike, flash)
St l hin tng phng in c tia la km theo ting n trong khng kh, n c th xy ra
bn trong m my, gia hai m my mang in tch tri du hoc gia m my tch in
vi t. Cc cng trnh vin thng trong qu trnh khai thc, chu tc ng ca st nh sau:
- Tc ng do st nh trc tip: l tc ng ca dng st nh trc tip vo cng trnh vin
thng;
- Tc ng do st lan truyn v cm ng: l tc ng th cp ca st do cc nh hng tnh
in, in t, galvanic...
1.3.13. Tn sut thit hi (frequency of damage)
Tn sut thit hi do st l s ln st nh trung bnh hng nm gy thit hi cho cng trnh
vin thng.
1.3.14. Thit b bo v xung (Surge Protective Device - SPD)
Thit b bo v xung l phng tin hn ch qu p t bin v r cc dng xung.
1.3.15. Tr khng truyn t (tr khng ghp) ca v che chn kim loi ca cp (transfer
(coupling) impedance of metal cable sheath)
Tr khng truyn t (tr khng ghp) ca v che chn kim loi ca cp l t s gia in p
st t mt trong ra mt ngoi v che chn kim loi ca cp trn ton b dng in chy trong
v che chn kim loi.
1.3.16. Vng chng st (Lightning Protection Zone - LPZ)
Vng chng st l vng c phn chia trong mt khu vc trm vin thng, c c trng
bi mc khc nghit ca trng in t v nh hng do st gy nn.
1.3.17. Xc sut thit hi (probability of damage)
Xc sut thit hi do st l xc sut mt ln st nh gy thit hi cho cng trnh vin thng.
1.3.18. Ri ro (Risk - R)

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
L gi tr trung bnh c th c ca tn tht hng nm (v con ngi v dch v) do st, tng
ng vi tng gi tr (v con ngi v dch v) ca i tng c bo v.
1.3.19. Ri ro chp nhn c (tolerable risk - RT)
L gi tr ri ro ln nht c th chp nhn c i vi cng trnh c bo v.
1.3.20. Mc bo v chng st (Lightning Protection Level - LPL)
L con s lin quan n mt tp hp cc tham s dng st tng ng vi xc sut m cc gi
tr thit k ln nht v nh nht s khng b vt qu trong hin tng st nh t nhin.
1.3.21. Cc bin php bo v (protection measures)
L cc bin php c p dng vi i tng cn bo v lm gim ri ro.
1.3.22. H thng bo v chng st (Lightning Protection System - LPS).
L mt h thng hon chnh c dng lm gim cc thit hi vt l do st nh vo cng
trnh.
1.3.23. H thng bo v chng st bn ngoi (External Lightning Protection System)
L phn ca h thng bo v chng st bao gm h thng in cc thu st, h thng dn st
xung v h thng in cc tip t.
1.3.24. H thng bo v chng st bn trong (Internal Lightning Protection System).
L phn ca h thng bo v chng st bao gm cc kt ni ng th v/ hoc cch in vi
h thng bo v chng st bn ngoi.
1.3.25. H thng in cc thu st (air-termination system)
L mt phn ca h thng chng st bn ngoi, s dng cc thnh phn kim loi nh thanh,
cc dy dn dng li nhm mc ch thu cc tia st.
1.3.26. H thng dn st xung (down-conductor system)
L mt phn ca h thng chng st bn ngoi, nhm mc ch dn dng st t h thng in
cc thu st xung h thng in cc tip t.
1.3.27. H thng in cc tip t (earth-termination system)
L mt phn ca h thng chng st bn ngoi, nhm mc ch dn v phn tn dng st vo
trong t.
1.3.28. Cc b phn dn bn ngoi (external conductive parts)
L cc b phn kim loi i vo hoc i ra cng trnh cn bo v, nh cc h thng ng ng,
cp kim loi, ng dn kim loi... c th mang mt phn dng st.
1.3.29. Kt ni ng th (lightning equipotential bonding)
L kt ni vi h thng bo v chng st ca cc b phn kim loi tch bit, bng cc kt ni
trc tip hoc qua cc thit b bo v xung, lm gim chnh lch in th do dng st gy
ra.
1.3.30. Dy che chn (shielding wire)
L dy kim loi dng lm gim thit hi vt l do st nh xung ng dy vin thng.
1.3.31. H thng cc bin php bo v chng xung in t do st (LEMP Protection
Measures System LPMS)
L mt h thng hon chnh ca cc bin php bo v chng li xung in t do st (LEMP)
cho cc h thng lp t bn trong cng trnh.

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
1.3.32. Trm vin thng (telecommunication station)
Mt khu vc bao gm mt hoc nhiu nh trm trong cha cc thit b vin thng, ct cao
ng ten v cc loi trang thit b ph tr cung cp dch v vin thng. Trm vin thng
khng bao gm nh v cc thit b nh thu bao.
1.3.33. Cng trnh vin thng (telecommunication plant)
Cng trnh xy dng, bao gm h tng k thut vin thng th ng (nh, trm, ct, cng, b)
v thit b mng c lp t vo .
1.3.34. Nh trm vin thng (telecom building)
L nh trong t h thng thit b vin thng.
1.3.35. Cc ch vit tt
SPD

Thit b bo v xung

Surge Protective Device

LEMP

Xung in t do st

Lightning Electromagnetic Impulse

LPZ

Vng bo v chng st

Lightning Protection Zone

LPL

Mc bo v chng st

Lightning Protection Level

LPMS

H thng cc bin php bo v chng xung LEMP protection measures system

in t do st

1.4. Quy trnh qun l ri ro thit hi do st

Vic cn thit trang b cc bin php bo v chng st cho cc cng trnh vin thng cn c
xc nh thng qua quy trnh qun l ri ro nh sau:
Xc nh cng trnh cn bo v

Xc nh cc loi tn tht lin quan ti cng trnh hoc

dch v cn bo v

Vi mi loi tn tht:
- Xc nh mc ri ro cho php RT
- Xc nh v tnh ton tt c cc thnh phn ri ro R X

Tnh ton
R= RX

KHNG

R> RT

Cng trnh hoc dch

v c bo v
i vi loi tn tht
ny

Lp t cc bin php bo v thch hp lm gim R

Hnh 3- Quy trnh qun l ri ro thit hi do st

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
1.5.

Cc tiu ch c bn v bo v chng st

Cc bin php bo v, c p dng gim thit hi v tn tht, cn phi c thit k i

vi mt tp hp cc tham s dng st xc nh, m vic bo v l cn thit i vi dng st
ny (mc bo v chng st).
1.5.1. Mc bo v chng st
Quy chun ny quy nh 4 mc bo v chng st. Vi mi mc LPL, mt tp hp cc tham s
dng st c n nh.
Gi tr ln nht ca tham s dng st tng ng vi mc LPL I s khng b vt qu vi xc
sut l 99%.
Gi tr ln nht ca tham s st tng ng vi LPL I s gim xung ti 75% i vi LPL II v
50% i vi cc mc III v IV.
Bng 1- Gi tr tham s dng st theo LPL
LPL

II

III

IV

Dng nh ln nht , kA

200

150

100

100

Dng nh nh nht, kA

10

16

Cc gi tr ln nht v nh nht ca cc tham s dng st i vi cc mc bo v chng st

khc nhau c cho trong Bng 1 v c s dng thit k cc thnh phn ca h thng
bo v chng st (v d, thit din dy dn, dy ca v kim loi, kh nng chu dng ca
SPD, khong cch cch ly trnh nh la gy nguy him).
Cc gi tr nh nht ca bin dng st i vi cc LPL khc nhau c s dng xc
nh bn knh qu cu ln xc nh vng bo v LPZ 0B m st nh trc tip khng tip
cn c (xem 1.5.2 v Hnh 4). Gi tr nh nht ca tham s dng st cng vi bn knh qu
cu ln tng ng c cho trong Bng 2. Cc s liu ny dng nh v h thng in cc
thu st v xc nh vng bo v chng st LPZ 0 B (xem 1.5.2).
Bng 2 - Gi tr nh nht ca dng st v bn knh qu cu ln tng ng vi LPL
Tiu ch

LPL
I

II

III

IV

Dng nh nh nht I, kA

10

16

Bn knh qu cu ln r, m

20

30

45

60

1.5.2. Vng bo v chng st

Cc bin php bo v nh LPS, cc dy che chn, che chn in t v SPD s quyt nh cc
vng bo v chng st. Vic phn bit cc vng bo v chng st c c trng bi s
chnh lch ng k ca xung in t do st ti cc vng bo v.
Tu theo mc nh hng ca st, cc vng bo v chng st sau y c nh ngha:
LPZ 0A

L vng c nguy c chu st nh trc tip v ton b trng in t do st.

Cc h thng trong c th chu ton b hoc mt phn dng xung st;

LPZ 0B

L vng c bo v khi st nh trc tip nhng vn chu s e do ca

ton b trng in t do st. Cc h thng trong c th chu mt phn dng

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
xung st;
LPZ 1

L vng trong dng xung c hn ch do s chia dng v cc SPD ti v tr

ranh gii. Vic che chn khng gian c th lm suy gim trng in t do st;

LPZ 2,, n

L vng trong dng xung c hn ch hn na do s chia dng v cc

SPD b sung ti v tr ranh gii. Vic che chn khng gian b sung c th lm
suy gim hn na trng in t do st.

CH THCH 1: Ni chung, mc ca mt LPZ cng cao th cc tham s mi trng in t cng thp.

Nguyn tc chung ca vic bo v l, i tng cn bo v phi nm trong vng LPZ c cc

c tnh v in t tng thch vi kh nng ca chu ng ca i tng vi tc ng do st
gy ra thit hi cn phi gim bt (thit hi vt l, h hng cc h thng in v in t do
qu p).

LPZ 0A
LPZ 0B
LPZ 1

Li chn 2 cho phng my

Thanh lin kt 2 ti
ranh gii LPZ 1
v LPZ 2

LPZ 2

H thng
chng st ct
anten bn
ngoi
Thanh lin kt 1 ti
ranh gii LPZ 1 v
LPZ 0

Cp in lc,
vin thng

Phng my
Lin kt cc li chn 1 v 2
Li chn 1 cho cng trnh
xy dng

H thng
tip t

Hnh 4 - Minh ha phn vng chng st LPZ ti trm vin thng

2. QUY NH K THUT
2.1. Yu cu v ri ro do st gy ra cho cng trnh vin thng
2.1.1. Yu cu i vi nh trm vin thng
Nh trm vin thng phi c trang b cc bin php bo v sao cho gi tr ri ro khng c
vt qu gi tr ri ro chp nhn c sau:
Bng 3 - Gi tr ri ro chp nhn c i vi nh trm vin thng
Loi tn tht

RT (nm-1)

Ri ro tn tht v con ngi Rinjury

10-5

Ri ro tn tht v dch v Rloss

10-3

10

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
2.1.2. Yu cu i vi cp ngoi vi vin thng
Cp ngoi vi vin thng phi c trang b cc bin php bo v sao cho gi r ri ro khng
c vt qu gi tr ri ro chp nhn c sau:
Bng 4 - Gi tr ri ro chp nhn c i vi cp ngoi vi vin thng
Loi tn tht

RT (nm-1)

Ri ro tn tht v dch v Rloss

10-3

CH THCH: i vi cc cp ngoi vi vin thng, khng xt n ri ro tn tht v con ngi.

Phng php tnh ton ri ro do st gy ra i vi nh trm vin thng v ng dy vin

thng c trnh by trong 2.2.
2.2. Phng php tnh ton ri ro do st
2.2.1. Tnh ton ri ro do st gy ra i vi nh trm vin thng
Ri ro do st gy ra i vi nh trm vin thng c tnh theo cng thc sau:
Rinjury = L.pinj S Fi.

(2.1)

Rloss = L S Fi

(2.2)

Trong :
Fi: Tn sut thit hi do st gy ra i vi nh trm, do cc nguyn nhn st nh trc tip vo
nh trm, st nh vo ct anten k bn, st nh xung t gn nh trm, st lan truyn qua
cc ng dy i vo nh trm; c tnh ton theo 2.2.1.1.
L: Trng s tn tht, th hin mc tn tht trong mt ln thit hi do st gy ra i vi nh
trm.
- Vi ri ro tn tht v con ngi: L = 1;
- Vi ri ro tn tht v dch v L = 2.74 x 10-3.
pinj: xc sut gim nh thit hi cho con ngi, do cc bin php bo v trong Bng 8 v Bng
9.
2.2.1.1 Tnh ton tn sut thit hi do st gy ra i vi khu vc nh trm vin thng
Tn sut thit hi (F) ti mt trm vin thng vi mt st ca khu vc t trm (Ng) khi xt
n hiu qu ca cc bin php bo v vn c hoc b sung, c xc nh bng cng thc:
F = Ng (Ad.pd + An.pn + As.ps + Aa.pa)

(2.3)

F = Fd + Fn + Fs + Fa

(2.4)

Hay:
Trong :
Ng: Mt st nh ti khu vc t trm, c tnh tu theo khu vc a l, xem Bng D1,
Ph lc D.
p: Cc h s xc sut thit hi khc nhau ph thuc vo cc bin php bo v hin c nhm
lm gim tn sut thit hi (F), xem 2.2.1.2;
Fd = Ng.Ad.pd - Tn sut thit hi do st nh trc tip vo nh trm (d);
Fn = Ng.An.pn - Tn sut thit hi do st nh xung t gn khu vc trm (n);
Fs = Ng.As.ps - Tn sut thit hi do st nh vo cp hoc vng ln cn cp dn vo trm (s);

11

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Fa = Ng.Aa.pa - Tn sut thit hi do st nh trc tip vo cc vt gn, v d ct anten c
lin kt bng kim loi vi nh trm vin thng (a).
Ad - Din tch ri ro st nh trc tip vo nh trm vin thng:
Ad = (9ph2 + 6ah + 6bh + ab).10-6, km2

(2.5)

Trong :
a: Chiu rng ca nh trm vin thng, m;
b: Chiu di ca nh trm vin thng, m;
h: Chiu cao ca nh trm, m.
Trong trng hp din tch ri ro st nh trc tip vo ct anten che ph mt phn din tch
ri ro st nh trc tip vo nh trm, din tch Ad c gim i phn b che ph .
An - Din tch ri ro do st nh xung t cnh nh trm lm tng th t nh hng n
trung tm vin thng. An c tnh bng din tch ca mt min to bi mt ng cch nh
mt khong cch d = 500 m, tr i din tch ri ro do st nh trc tip vo nh Ad.
Ni no c cc vt gn nh cc cng trnh xy dng cao khc (v d: ct anten, nh cao
tng) v cc cp dn vo th din tch An s c gim i bi phn din tch ri ro che ph ca
cc cng trnh , nh minh ho trn Hnh 5.
As - Din tch ri ro do st nh xung cc ng cp (thng tin, in lc) dn vo
trm.Trng hp tng qut, cp dn vo nh trm vin thng gm cc loi treo v chn, din
tch As c tnh bng cng thc:
n

A s = 2. l i d i

(2.6)

i =1

Trong :
li: Chiu di ca mi on ng dy, m;
di: Khong cch tng ng ca mi on, m;
- i vi cp treo, di = 1000 m;
- i vi cp ngm, di = 250 m;
n: S on ng dy chn ngm hoc treo ni;
Aa: Din tch ri ro st nh trc tip vo ct anten c lin kt bng kim loi vi nh trm.
- i vi ct anten c dng thp, din tch Aa c tnh tng t nh A d;
- i vi ct anten l ct tr trn, ct tam gic, ct t gic c dy co v kch thc nh, Aa
c tnh bng din tch hnh trn bn knh 3h (h l chiu cao ct anten) A a = p(3h ) .
2

Cc din tch ri ro do st nh vo khu vc trm vin thng c minh ho trn Hnh 5.

12

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT

Ct
Cp thng tin hoc
cp in lc

As

Aa

Ad

An

Hnh 5 - M t cc din tch ri ro st nh vo khu vc nh trm vin thng

2.2.1.2 Xc nh cc h s xc sut thit hi p
Mi h s xc sut thit hi p th hin kh nng lm gim s thit hi do st ca c tnh bo
v t nhin ca cng trnh lp t (vt liu nh, mng cp treo ni hoc ngm) v cc bin
php bo v cho nh hoc ti cc giao din cng nh cc bin php bo v khc c bn trong
v bn ngoi (cc thit b chng st, li che chn cp, k thut cch in...). Trong thit k
chng st, khi p dng mt bin php bo v s gim nh xc sut h hng do st nh
tng ng, th hin qua cc h s p.
Nu p dng mt vi bin php bo v cho mt i tng th h s xc sut thc s s bng
tch cc gi tr ring r, c ngha l:
ptt = P pi , (vi pi 1).
Cc gi tr h s xc sut p c trnh by trong cc bng t Bng 5 n Bng 9.
Bng 5- Cc tr s p cho cc vt liu xy dng nh trm
Cc vt liu lm nh

pd, pa, pn

Khng c tnh che chn (g, gch, b tng khng c thp gia cng)

B tng ct thp c kch thc li chun

0,1

Kim loi

0,01

Bng 6 - Cc tr s p cho cc bin php bo v bn ngoi nh trm

Cc bin php bo v bn ngoi nh trm

pd , pinj

Khng c chng st cho nh c bn ngoi ln bn trong

Trang b h thng LPS bn ngoi (theo quy nh ti 2.3.1 1)

0,1

CH THCH: pinj l h s xc sut gy tn thng cho con ngi

Bng 7- Cc tr s p cho cc bin php bo v trn cp dn vo trm

ps, pn

Cc bin php chng st cm ng

Khi cp bn ngoi khng c che chn, khng c cc thit b chng st 1

Cp thng tin bn ngoi c che chn, c tr khng truyn t cc i 0,5

13

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
20 W/km (theo quy nh ti 2.3.1.2)
Cp thng tin bn ngoi c che chn, c tr khng truyn t cc i
0,1
5 W/km (theo quy nh ti 2.3.1.2)
Cp thng tin bn ngoi c che chn, c tr khng truyn t cc i
0,01
1 W/km (theo quy nh ti 2.3.1.2)
Lp bin p cch ly ti giao din mng h p (in p nh xuyn ln
0,1
hn 20 kV) (theo quy nh ti 2.3.1.2)
La chn v lp thit b chng st c phi hp tt vi kh nng chu
ng ca thit b, k thut lp t c cht lng (theo quy nh ti 0,01
2.3.1.2)
0

S dng cp quang phi kim loi (theo quy nh ti 2.3.1.2)

Bng 8- Cc tr s p cho cc bin php bo v bn trong nh trm

pd, pa, pn, pinj

Cc bin php bo v bn trong nh trm

Thc hin cc cu hnh u ni v tip t theo TCN 68 - 141:1999

0,5
(theo quy nh ti phn a) mc 2.3.1.3)
p dng ng thi cc k thut lp t bn trong nh trm (theo quy
0,1
nh ti phn b) v c) mc 2.3.1.3)
Bng 9- Cc tr s p cho cc lp b mt sn khc nhau lm gim in p chm
v in p bc
Loi b mt

pinj

B tng m

10-2

B tng kh

10-3

Nha ng, g

10-5

Lp cch in bng vt liu c in p nh thng ln

10-6

2.2.2. Tnh ton ri ro do st gy ra i vi cp ngoi vi vin thng

Xt trng hp tng qut, tuyn cp (cp kim loi hoc cp quang c thnh phn kim loi)
bao gm cc on chn ngm v treo. Ri ro thit hi (R) cn xem xt l ri ro tn tht dch v
hng nm do st nh trc tip. Ri ro thit hi c tnh bng cng thc:
R = Fpa.La + Fpb.Lb + Fps.Ls

(2.6)

Trong :
Fpa

: Tn sut thit hi i vi on cp treo;

Fpb

: Tn sut thit hi i vi on cp chn ngm;

Fps

: Tn sut thit hi do st nh trc tip vo kt cu ni cp i vo;

La

: Lng tn tht dch v trong mt ln thit hi do st nh trc tip vo cp treo;

Lb

: Lng tn tht dch v trong mt ln thit hi do st nh trc tip vo cp

chn ngm;

14

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Ls

: Lng tn tht dch v trong mt ln thit hi do st nh trc tip vo kt cu

m cp i vo.

- i vi tuyn cp kim loi:

La = 2 x 10-3;
Lb = 3 x 10-3;
Ls = 2 x 10-3.
- i vi tuyn cp quang:
La = Lb = Ls = 10-3;
2.2.2.1. Tn sut thit hi i vi on cp treo v chn ngm
Tn sut thit hi i vi on cp treo v chn ngm c tnh bng cng thc:
Fpa = 2 x Ng x [L 3(Ha+ Hb)] x D x p(Ia) x Cd x10-6 , (thit hi/nm)
-6

Fpb = 2 x Ng x[L- 3(Ha + Hb)] x D x p(Ia) x Cd x Kd x 10 , (thit hi/nm)

(2.7)
(2.8)

Trong :
L : di ng dy, (m);
Ha : chiu cao ca cng trnh ni vi u a ca ng dy, (m);
Hb : chiu cao ca cng trnh ni vi u b ca ng dy, (m);
p(Ia): H s xc sut dng gy h hng, c tnh bng cng thc:
p(i) = 10-2 e(a-bi) vi i 0
a = 4,605 v b = 0,0117 vi i 20 kA
a = 5,063 v b = 0,0346 vi i > 20 kA
Cd : H s v tr;
Cd = 0,25 vi v tr bao quanh bi cc cu trc c cao bng hoc ln hn (v
d ng dy in lc, cy ci,...);
Cd = 0,50 vi v tr bao quanh bi cc cu trc c cao nh hn;
Cd = 1,0 vi v tr bit lp (khng c cu trc no ln cn);
Cd = 2,0 i vi v tr trn nh i hoc g.
Ng : Mt st, (km-2. nm-1) (xem Ph lc D);
D : Khong cch st nh, (m);
- Vi cp chn:
D = 0,482 (r)1/2 vi r 100 W.m;
D = 2,91 + 0,191 (r)1/2 vi 100 W.m <r < 1000 W.m;
D = 0,283 (r)1/2 vi r > 1000 W.m;
- Vi cp treo:
D = 3 H, (m); H l cao treo cp (thng c quy nh gia 4 m n 15 m);
Ia : Dng gy h hng, (kA) (xem Ph lc B.1);
Kd : H s hiu chnh thit hi;
Kd = 2,5 vi cp chn khng c che chn;

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QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Kd = 1,0 vi cp chn c che chn;
2.2.2.2. Tn sut thit hi do st nh trc tip vo cng trnh m cp i vo (Fps)
Tn sut thit hi do st nh trc tip vo cng trnh gy ra cho cp c tnh bng cng
thc:
Fps = Ng.Ad.p(Ia). Cd (thit hi/nm);

(2.9)

Trong :
Ad: Din tch ri ro st nh vo kt cu, c tnh bng cng thc:
Ad = (9ph2 + 6ah + 6bh + ab) 10-6, (km2);
Trong :

a = chiu di, (m);

b = chiu rng, (m);
c = chiu cao, (m);

p(Ia)

: Xc sut bin dng st nh vo kt cu to ra dng in gy h hng cp;

Ia

: Dng gy h hng cp, xem Ph lc B.2.

2.3. Cc bin php bo v chng st cho cng trnh vin thng

2.3.1. Cc bin php bo v chng st cho nh trm vin thng
gim nh ri ro thit hi n mc cho php quy nh trong 2.2.1, cn p dng mt s hoc
ton b cc bin php bo v sau:
2.3.1.1. H thng LPS bn ngoi (chng st nh trc tip)
H thng LPS bn ngoi (chng st nh trc tip) phi bao gm cc thnh phn c bn sau:
- H thng in cc thu st;
- H thng dy dn st;
- H thng tip t;
- Kt cu .
a) H thng in cc thu st
- Cc in cc thu st phi c b tr, lp t cc v tr sao cho n to ra vng bo v che
ph hon ton i tng cn bo v. V tr lp t ca cc in cc thu st c xc nh
bng cc phng php sau:
+ phng php gc bo v, ph hp vi cc to nh c dng n gin, nhng hn ch v
chiu cao;
+ phng php qu cu ln, ph hp vi mi trng hp;
+ phng php li, ph hp vi vic bo v cc b mt bng phng.
Chi tit v cc phng php trn c nu trong Ph lc A. Gi tr ca gc bo v, bn knh
qu cu ln, kch thc li i vi mi mc ca LPS c quy nh trong Bng 10.

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QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Bng 10 Gi tr ln nht ca bn knh qu cu ln, kch thc li v gc bo v
tng ng vi mc ca LPS
Mc LPS

Phng php bo v
Bn knh qu cu ln r,

Kch thc li W, m

Gc bo v 0
Xem Hnh 6

m
I

20

5x5

II

30

10 x 10

III

45

15 x 15

IV

60

20 x 20

CH THCH:
1- Khng p dng c vi cc gi tr ln hn gi tr c nh du bi

2- H l cao ca in cc thu st so vi mt phng chun ca din tch c bo v.

3- Gc bo v khng thay i vi cc gi tr H di 2 m.

Hnh 6 Xc nh gc bo v tng ng vi mc ca LPS

- Cc in cc thu st c th s dng cc dng: thanh, dy, mt li v kt hp.
- C th dng cc thnh phn bng kim loi ca cng trnh nh tm kim loi che ph vng cn
bo v, cc thnh phn kim loi ca cu trc mi, cc ng, bnh cha bng kim loi lm cc
in cc thu st t nhin, min l chng tho mn cc iu kin sau:
+ C tnh dn in lin tc bn vng;
+ Khng b bao ph bi cc vt liu cch in;
+ Khng gy ra cc tnh hung nguy him khi b thng hay b nung nng do st nh.
- Cc in cc thu st c th c kt cu l bn thn i tng cn bo v; Nu dng kt
cu bng ct, phi lm bng vt liu m bo bn c hc, ph hp vi iu kin kh
hu.
b) H thng dy dn st

17

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
- Cc dy dn st phi c phn b xung quanh chu vi ca cng trnh cn bo v sao cho
khong cch gia hai dy khng vt qu 30 m. Trong mi trng hp, cn t nht hai dy
dn xung.
- Cc dy dn st phi c ni vi h thng in cc tip t.
- Cc dy dn st phi c lp t thng, ng, sao cho chng to ra ng dn ngn nht,
thng nht xung t v trnh to ra cc mch vng. Khng lp t cc dy dn st cc v
tr gy nguy him cho con ngi.
c) H thng tip t
- H thng tip t bao gm cc in cc, dy ni cc in cc v cp ni t.
- H thng tip t phi c thit k v c gi tr in tr tip t theo quy nh trong QCVN
9:2010/BTTTT, Quy chun k thut quc gia v tip t cho cc trm vin thng.
- Phi la chn dng in cc tip t, cu trc b tr cc in cc sao cho ph hp vi iu
kin a hnh thc t ni trang b tip t.
- H thng in cc tip t phi c lin kt vi cc h thng tip t khc (nu c) theo
quy nh trong QCVN 9:2010/BTTTT, Quy chun k thut quc gia v tip t cho cc trm
vin thng.
d) Vt liu
Vt liu v kch thc vt liu c la chn lm h thng chng st nh trc tip phi m
bo sao cho h thng ny khng b h hng do nh hng in, in t ca dng st, nh
hng ca hin tng n mn v cc lc c hc khc.
e) Cc in cc thu st, dy dn st phi c c nh v lin kt vi nhau mt cch chc
chn, m bo khng b gy, t hoc lng lo do cc lc in ng hoc cc lc c hc
khc. Cc mi ni phi c m bo bng cc phng php hn, vn vt, lp ghp bng bu
lng v c s lng cng nh cng tt.
2.3.1.2. Chng st lan truyn t bn ngoi nh trm
Cc thit b in t bn trong nh trm vin thng c th b h hng do st lan truyn v cm
ng qua cc ng dy thng tin, in lc bng kim loi dn vo nh trm. hn ch cc
nh hng , phi p dng cc bin php sau:
a) Bin php bo v i vi ng dy thng tin i vo trm
- La chn loi cp vin thng dn vo v i ra khi nh trm c v che chn vi tr khng
truyn t nh hoc cp quang khng c thnh phn kim loi; v che chn cp phi c lin
kt ng th theo quy nh trong QCVN 9:2010/BTTTT, Quy chun k thut quc gia v tip
t cho cc trm vin thng.
- Lp t cc thit b bo v xung (SPD) trn ng dy thng tin ti giao din dy - my theo
quy nh trong TCVN 8071:2009, Cng trnh vin thng - Quy tc thc hnh chng st v tip
t.
b) Bin php bo v i vi ng dy in lc i vo nh trm
- Lp t thit b bo v xung trn ng dy in lc, ni ng dy dn vo trm theo quy
nh trong TCVN 8071:2009, Cng trnh vin thng - Quy tc thc hnh chng st v tip t.
- Dng my bin th h p ring cung cp ngun in cho nh trm.
2.3.1.3. H thng LPS bn trong (Chng st lan truyn v cm ng bn trong nh trm)
a) Lin kt ng th

18

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Thc hin lin kt ng th ti ranh gii gia cc vng chng st (LPZ) i vi cc thnh phn
v h thng kim loi (cc ng ng dn kim loi, cc khung gi cp, khung gi thit b).
b) Thc hin cc bin php che chn bn trong nh trm
- Lin kt cc thnh phn kim loi ca to nh vi nhau v vi h thng chng st nh trc
tip, v d mi nh, b mt bng kim loi, ct thp v cc khung ca bng kim loi ca ta
nh.
- Dng cc loi cp c mn chn kim loi hoc dn cp trong ng kim loi c tr khng thp.
V che chn hoc ng dn bng kim loi phi c lin kt ng th hai u v ti ranh gii
gia cc vng chng st (LPZ). ng dn cp phi c chia lm hai phn bng vch ngn
bng kim loi, mt phn cha cp thng tin, mt phn cha cp in lc v cc dy dn lin
kt.
c) Thc hin cu hnh u ni v tip t trong nh trm vin thng
Phi thc hin cc quy nh v cu hnh u ni v tip t bn trong nh trm theo QCVN
9:2010/BTTTT Quy chun k thut quc gia v tip t cho cc trm vin thng.
2.3.2. Cc bin php bo v chng st cho cp ngoi vi vin thng
2.3.2.1. Nguyn tc chung
Cc thnh phn kim loi ca cp phi lin tc sut chiu di ca cp, ngha l chng phi
c kt ni qua tt c cc mng sng, b ti to... Cc thnh phn kim loi phi c kt ni
(trc tip hoc qua SPD) vi thanh lin kt ng th ti cc u cp.
Vic p dng cc bin php bo v ng dy vin thng s lm gim tn sut thit hi do
st, c th hin qua h s bo v (Kp) nh sau:
Fd = Fd . Kp

(2.10)

Trong :
Fd l tn sut thit hi sau khi p dng bin php bo v;
Fd l tn sut thi hi trc khi p dng bin php bo v.
C nhiu bin php bo v s lm gim tn sut thit hi bng cch tng dng gy h hng.
Trong trng hp ny, h s bo v c tnh bi cng thc:
Kp = exp [b1(Ia- Ia)]

vi Ia v Ia 20 kA

Kp = exp [b2(Ia- Ia)]

vi Ia v Ia > 20 kA

(2.11)

Kp = exp [(a2 a1) + (b1Ia b2Ia) vi Ia 20 kA v Ia > 20 kA

Trong :
Ia l dng h hng trc khi p dng bin php bo v;
Ia l dng h hng sau khi p dng bin php bo v;
a1 = 4,605
a2 = 5,063
b1 = 0,0117
b2 = 0,0346.
2.3.2.2 Cc bin php bo v chng st nh trc tip vo cp
a) i vi cp chn, c th xem xt cc bin php bo v sau:
- S dng dy che chn, thng l dy thp m km;

19

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
- S dng ng thp, thng l ng thp m km.
b) i vi cp treo, c th xem xt cc bin php bo v sau:
- S dng dy lm dy che chn (xem phn a), mc 2.3.2.3);
- Thay th bng tuyn cp chn v p dng cc bin php bo v theo a).
c) i vi c cp treo v cp chn, c th xem xt cc bin php sau:
- Thay th bng cp quang khng c thnh phn kim loi hoc ng truyn v tuyn (xem
phn a), mc 2.3.2.3);
- S dng cp c dng in nh thng v ln (xem phn b), mc 2.3.2.3);
- S dng cp c in p nh thng v ln (xem phn c), mc 2.3.2.3).
2.3.2.3 La chn cp
a) Cp si quang khng c thnh phn kim loi
Cp quang khng c thnh phn kim loi s khng b st nh trc tip, v vy s dng cp
quang phi kim loi s cho Kp = 0.
b) Cp c dng nh thng v ln
Nu dng gy h hng (Ia) c xc nh bi dng in nh thng v (Is), c th chn cp c
dng in nh thng v ln hn bng cch:
- tng in p nh thng v bng cch chn vt liu cch in bng nha thay v bng giy
hoc tng cng s cch in ti cc mi ni;
- gim in tr lp v bng cch dng v kim loi dy hn.
H s bo v t c khi tng dng gy h hng c tnh bng cng thc 2.11.
c) Cp c in p nh thng ln
Nu dng gy h hng c xc nh bi dng th (It), c th chn cp c dng th cao hn
bng cch:
- dng v c bn c kh cao (v d bng st);
- dng v kim loi dy hn.
H s bo v t c khi tng dng gy h hng c tnh bng cng thc 2.11.
2.3.2.4 S dng thit b bo v xung SPD
SPD c th c lp t ti im ng dy i vo cng trnh c kh nng b st nh trc
tip, lm gim tn sut thit hi do st nh vo cng trnh (F ps). SPD phi c ni gia
cc si ca cp vi thanh lin kt ng th ca cng trnh.
Vic lp t SPD s lm tng dng nh thng v cp Is (xem Ph lc B.3)
H s bo v t c khi tng dng gy h hng v cp c tnh theo cng thc 2.11 v
B.4 (theo Ph lc B).
2.3.2.5. Trang b dy chng st ngm cho cp chn
gim nh dng st nh vo cp chn, dng dy chng st ngm bng kim loi chn pha
trn, dc theo tuyn cp thu ht mt phn dng st. Nh vy, dy chng st ngm c tc
dng lm tng dng gy h hng (I a) v lm gim tn sut thit hi. Dy chng st ngm phi
c b tr dc theo ton b chiu di on cp cn c bo v v ko di thm mt on
Y, vi Y c tnh bng cng thc:
Y 2,5. (r) 1/2 , (m)

(2.12)

20

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Trong :
r = in tr sut ca t, W.m.
Gi tr dng gy h hng mi (I a) c tnh bng cng thc:
Ia = Ia/ , (kA);

(2.13)

Trong , l h s che chn, xem Ph lc C.

3. QUY NH V QUN L
Cc trm vin thng v mng cp ngoi vi vin thng ca doanh nghip thit lp h tng mng
vin thng phi tun th cc yu cu quy nh ti Quy chun ny.

4. TRCH NHIM CA T CHC, C NHN

4.1. Cc doanh nghip thit lp h tng mng vin thng c trm vin thng v mng cp
ngoi vi vin thng c trch nhim m bo cc trm vin thng v mng cp ngoi vi vin
thng ph hp vi Quy chun trong qu trnh thit k, lp t, vn hnh, bo dng.
4.2. Cc doanh nghip thit lp h tng mng vin thng c trm vin thng v mng cp
ngoi vi vin thng c trch nhim thc hin cng b hp quy theo cc quy nh, hng dn
ca B Thng tin v Truyn thng v chu s kim tra thng xuyn, t xut ca c quan
qun l nh nc theo cc quy nh hin hnh.

5. T CHC THC HIN

5.1. Cc Qun l cht lng Cng ngh thng tin v Truyn thng v cc S Thng tin v
Truyn thng c trch nhim hng dn v t chc trin khai qun l cc trm vin thng v
mng cp ngoi vi vin thng theo Quy chun ny.
5.2. Quy chun ny c p dng thay th Tiu chun Ngnh TCN 68-135:2001 Chng st
bo v cc cng trnh vin thng - Yu cu k thut.
5.3. Trong trng hp cc quy nh nu ti Quy chun ny c s thay i, b sung hoc c
thay th th thc hin theo quy nh ti vn bn mi.

21

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
PH LC A
(Quy nh)
Xc nh v tr lp t in cc thu st
A.1. Xc nh v tr ca h thng in cc thu st s dng phng php gc bo v
V tr ca h thng in cc thu st c coi l tho ng nu i tng cn bo v c t
hon ton bn trong vng c bo v do h thng in cc thu st to nn.
xc nh vng c bo v, cn xem xt kch thc vt l ca h thng in cc thu st
bng kim loi.
A.1.1 Vng c bo v bi h thng in cc thu st gm 1 in cc thng ng
Vng c bo v bi 1 in cc thu st thng ng c dng mt hnh nn c nh nm trn
nh ca in cc thu st, na gc nh l , ph thuc vo mc ca LPS v chiu cao ca
in cc thu st, theo nh Bng 10. V d v vng c bo v c th hin trn Hnh A.1
v A.2.

K hiu
A

nh ca in cc thu st;

Mt phng chun;

OC

Bn knh vng c bo v;

h1

Chiu cao ca in cc thu st so vi mt phng chun, trong khu vc cn bo

v;

Gc bo v theo Bng 10

Hnh A.1 Vng c bo v bi mt in cc thu st thng ng

22

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT

h1 chiu cao vt l ca mt in cc thu st

CH THCH: Gc bo v 1 tng ng vi cao h1 ca in cc thu st, l cao so vi mi ca b mt c bo
v; gc bo v 2 tng ng vi cao h2= h1 + H, vi mt t l mt phng chun;

Hnh A.2 Vng c bo v bi mt in cc thu st thng ng

A.1.2. Vng c bo v bi in cc thu st dng dy
Vng c bo v bi mt dy thu st c xc nh bng tp hp ca vng c bo v
ca cc in cc cc thng ng lin tip nhau c cc nh nm trn dy. Xem v d trn Hnh
A.3.

Hnh A.3 Vng c bo v bi in cc thu st dng dy

A.1.3. Vng c bo v bi cc dy dn dng li
Vng c bo v bi cc dy dn kt hp li thnh li c xc nh bi tp hp cc vng
c bo v bi tng dy dn ring l.

23

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
V d v vng c bo v bi cc dy dn dng li c th hin Hnh A.4 v A.5.

Hnh A.4 Vng c bo v bi cc dy dn dng li tch bit, xc nh theo

phng php gc bo v v phng php qu cu ln

24

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT

CH THCH: H = h

Hnh A.5 Vng c bo v bi cc dy dn dng li khng tch bit, xc nh theo

phng php mt li v phng php qu cu ln
A.2. Xc nh v tr ca h thng in cc thu st bng phng php qu cu ln
p dng phng php ny, vic nh v h thng in cc thu st l tho ng khi khng c
mt im no ca vng c bo v chm vo mt hnh cu c bn knh r, ph thuc vo
mc ca LPS (xem Bng 10), ln xung quanh v trn nh ca cng trnh theo tt c cc
hng. Nh vy, qu cu ch chm vo h thng in cc thu st (xem Hnh A.6).

25

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT

CH THCH 1: Bn knh qu cu ln phi tun theo mc LPS c la chn (xem Bng 10)
CH THCH 2: H= h

Hnh A.6 Thit k h thng in cc thu st theo phng php qu cu ln

Trn cc cu trc c cao ln hn bn knh qu cu ln, c th xy ra hin tng cc tia st
nh vo thn cu trc. Mi im mt bn ca cu trc m qu cu ln chm phi s l
im c th b st nh. Tuy nhin, xc sut ny c th b qua vi cc cu trc thp hn 60
m.
Vi cc cu trc cao hn, phn ln cc tia st s nh vo nh, cc cnh chnh nm ngang.
Ch mt lng nh cc tia st s nh vo thn cu trc.
Ngoi ra, cc s liu thu thp c cho thy xc sut cc tia st nh vo thn cu trc gim
nhanh chng nh cao ca im st nh trn cc cu trc cao khi o t mt t. Do vy,
cn phi lp t in cc thu st phn thn trn cao ca cu trc (thng l phn 20%
pha trn cao ca cao ca cu trc). Trong trng hp ny, phng php qu cu ln ch
p dng nh v in cc thu st ca phn trn ca cu trc.
A.3. nh v h thng in cc thu st dng phng php li
Vi mc ch bo v cc b mt bng phng, in cc thu st dng li c coi l bo v
c ton b b mt, nu tt c cc iu kin sau c tho mn:
a) Cc dy dn thu st c t ti:
- cc ng cnh ca mi;
- phn nh ra trn mi;
- ti cc ng trn chp ca mi, nu dc ca mi vt qu 1/10.
CH THCH:

26

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
- Phng php li thch hp vi cc mi bng hoc nghing m khng cong;
- Phng php li thch hp vi cc b mt phng cnh ca cu trc bo v khi st nh vo cnh thn ca cu trc;
- Nu dc ca mi vt qu 1/10, c th dng cc dy dn thu st song song vi nhau thay v dng li, min l khong
cch gia cc dy khng ln hn rng ca mt li theo yu cu.

b) Kch thc ca li phi khng ln hn cc gi tr cho Bng 10.

c) H thng in cc dng li phi c lp t sao cho dng st lun lun i vo 2 ng
dy dn ring bit xung h thng in cc tip t.
d) Khng c b phn kim loi no nm ngoi vng c bo v bi h thng in cc thu st.
e) Cc dy dn thu st, thu st cn phi i theo cc ng ngn nht v thng nht.

27

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
PH LC B
(Quy nh)
Xc nh dng gy h hng cho cp kim loi v cp quang c thnh phn kim loi
B.1. Xc nh dng gy h hng i vi cp chn ngm v cp treo trong trng hp
st nh trc tip vo cp
B.1.1. Dng gy h hng cho cp kim loi
Dng gy h hng cho cp kim loi, Ia, c xc nh nh sau:

I nu I t < 2I s
Ia = t
2I s nu I t > 2I s

(B.1)

Trong :
It : Dng th;
Is : Dng nh thng v (xem mc B.3);
B.1.2. Dng gy h hng cho cp quang c thnh phn kim loi
Dng gy h hng cho cp quang c thnh phn kim loi, Ia, c xc nh nh sau:
It nu It < 2Ic v It < 2Is
Ia =

2Ic nu 2Ic < It v 2Ic < 2Is

(B.2)

2Is nu 2Is < It v 2Is < 2Ic

Trong :
It : Dng th;
Ic : Dng in mi ni;
Is : Dng nh thng v (i vi cp quang c thnh phn kim loi c v v li) (xem
mc B.3).
CH THCH:
- Gi tr dng Is c xt n trong trng hp cp quang c thnh phn kim loi c v v li.
- Gi tr dng It, Ic c xc nh trong phng th nghim v c th c cung cp bi nh sn xut cp.

B.2. Xc nh dng gy h hng, I a, i vi cp i vo kt cu b st nh

Khi st nh trc tip vo kt cu m ng dy i vo, gy h hng cho cp, dng gy h
hng, Ia, c xc nh vi gi thuyt sau:
- 50% dng st chy vo trong h thng tip t ca cng trnh;
- 50% dng st cn li s c chia gia n ng dy dch v i vo cng trnh (ng dy
vin thng, ng dy in lc, ng dn nc);
- Ton b dng st qua ng dy vin thng s chy vo trong v ca cp c che chn hoc
c chia gia m si ca cp khng c v che chn.
i vi st nh xung cng trnh m ng dy vin thng i vo, dng gy h hng c
tnh nh sau:
- i vi cp kim loi c che chn:
Ia = 2.n.Is

(B.3)

28

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
- i vi cp kim loi khng c che chn:
Ia = 2.n.m.Ic

(B.4)

Trong :
Is l dng nh thng v xc nh theo mc B.3;
Ic l dng chy vo tng si:
+ Vi cp khng c che chn, khng c SPD, Ic = 0;
+ Vi cp khng c che chn, c trang b SPD, Ic = 8.Sc; [kA]
Trong , Sc l thit din ngang ca dy dn, tnh theo mm2.
- i vi cp quang:
2.n.Is nu Is < Ic;
Ia =

(B.5)
2.n.Ic nu Ic < Is.

Trong :
n: S ng ng v cp kim loi i vo kt cu (vin thng, in, nc..);
B.3. Xc nh dng nh thng v cp, I s
Cng thc tnh dng nh thng v cp trong Ph lc ny c p dng vi cp c mt lp
v kim loi. Vi cc loi cp vin thng ph bin, cc gi tr in p nh thng sau c xem
xt:
- Cp c lp cch in bng giy: Ub = 1,5 kV
- Cp c lp cch in bng cht do: Ub = 5 kV.
B.3.1. Dng nh thng v cp chn
Dng nh thng v cp kim loi hoc cp quang (c thnh phn kim loi c v v li) chn
ngm c tnh bng cng thc sau:
Is = Ub/(K.R.1/2), kA;

(B.4)

Trong :
K = 8 : H s dng sng dng st (dng sng 10/350 s), (m/)1/2;
R

: in tr trn mt n v di ca v cp, /km;

Ub

: in p nh xuyn ca cp, V;

: in tr sut ca t, .m;

B.3.2. Dng nh thng v cp treo

Dng nh thng v cp kim loi hoc cp quang (c thnh phn kim loi c v v li) treo,
c v kim loi c tip t, c tnh bng cng thc sau:
Is = Ub/(K.R. e1/2), kA;

(B.5)

Trong :
e: in tr sut hiu dng ca t, .m, c tnh bng cng thc:
re = p.D.Rg/ln(2.H/a);

(B.6)

Trong :

29

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
D

: Khong cch gia cc im tip t, m;

: cao ca cp, m;

: Bn knh ca cp, m;

Rg

: Gi tr in tr tip t, .m.

30

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
PH LC C
(Quy nh)
Tnh ton h s che chn ca dy chng st ngm bo v cp thng tin chn ngm
Tc dng che chn ca dy chng st ngm ph thuc vo v tr lp t ca dy chng st
ngm v c nh gi bng h s che chn .
H s che chn c xc nh bng t s cc dng in trn v cp khi c (Ish) v khng c
(Ish) dy chng st ngm nh sau:
= Ish/Ish
C.1. H s che chn ca mt dy chng st ngm
H s che chn ca mt dy chng st ngm c xc nh bng biu thc:
= ln(x/s)/ln(x2/s.r)

(C.1)

Trong (xem Hnh C.1 a):

r: Bn knh trung bnh ca v cp;
s: Bn knh ca dy chng st ngm;
x: Khong cch gia cc trc ca cp v dy chng st ngm.
Bng C.1 v C.2 cho cc gi tr h s che chn i vi mt s kch thc dy dn v khong
cch gia dy dn v dy chng st ngm khc nhau.
Bng C.1 - H s che chn vi r = 10 mm
x (m)

s = 2 mm

s = 3 mm

s = 5 mm

s = 8 mm

s = 12 mm

0,15

0,61

0,59

0,56

0,52

0,48

0,25

0,60

0,58

0,55

0,52

0,49

0,50

0,59

0,57

0,54

0,51

0,49

1,00

0,57

0,56

0,53

0,51

0,49

Bng C.2 - H s che chn vi r = 20 mm

x (m)

s = 2 mm

s = 3 mm

s = 5 mm

s = 8 mm

s = 12 mm

0,15

0,68

0,65

0,62

0,59

0,55

0,25

0,65

0,63

0,60

0,57

0,54

0,50

0,63

0,61

0,59

0,56

0,54

1,00

0,61

0,60

0,58

0,55

0,53

C.2. H s che chn ca nhiu dy chng st ngm c b tr trn mt ng trn

xung quanh cp
C.2.1. Trng hp dng hai dy chng st ngm
Xem Hnh C.1 b.

31

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Bng C.3 - H s che chn ca 2 dy chng st ngm
x (m)

g = 30

g = 45

g = 60

g = 90

0,15

0,38

0,36

0,34

0,33

0,25

0,38

0,35

0,34

0,33

0,50

0,37

0,35

0,34

0,33

1,00

0,37

0,35

0,34

0,33

C.2.2. Trng hp dng ba dy chng st ngm, vi khong cch x = 0,25 m

Xem Hnh C.1 c.
Bng C.4 - H s che chn ca 3 dy chng st ngm (x = 0,25 m)
g = 30

g = 60

g = 90

g = 120

0,33

0,26

0,23

0,22

C.2.3. Trng hp dng n dy chng st ngm b tr i xng xung quanh cp, vi

khong cch x = 0,25 m
Xem Hnh C.1 d, C.1 e, C.1 f.
Bng C.5 - H s che chn ca n dy chng st ngm
b tr i xng xung quanh cp (vi x = 0,25 m)
n=4

n=6

n=8

0,16

0,09

0,06

Hnh C.1 - B tr dy chng st ngm xung quanh cp

32

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
PH LC D
(Tham kho)
c im dng st ca Vit Nam
Bng D.1- Mt st ti cc tnh, thnh ph ca Vit Nam
Mt st nh

TT

Tnh, Thnh
Huyn
ph

An Giang

B Ra Vng Tp. Vng Tu, Tx. B Ra, Chu c,Cn 8,2

Tu
o, Long im, t , Xuyn Mc

(s ln/km2/nm)

Tp. Long Xuyn, Tx. Chu c, An Ph , 13,7

Chu Ph, Chu Thnh, Ch Mi, Ph Tn,
Tn Chu, Tnh Bin, Thoi Sn, Tri Tn

10,9

Tn Thnh, Chu c
3

Bc Cn

Tx. Bc Kn, Bch Thng, Ch n, Ch 8,2

Mi, Na R, Ngn Sn, Pc Nm
10,9

Ch n
4

Bc Giang

Tx. Bc Giang, Hip Ho, Lng Giang, Lc 8,2

Nam, Lc Ngn, Sn ng, Tn Yn, Vit
Yn, Yn Dng, Yn Th

Bc Ninh

Tx. Bc Ninh, Gia Bnh, Lng Ti, Qu V, 8,2

Yn Phong

Bc Liu

T Sn, Tin Du, Thun Thnh

10,9

Tx Bc Liu

10,9

Gi Rai, ng Hi, Hng Dn, Phc Long, 13,7

Vnh Li
7

Bn Tre

Bnh nh

Tx. Bn Tre, Chu Thnh, Ch Lch, Ging 13,7

Trm, M Cy
Thnh Ph, Ba Tri, Bnh i

10,9

Tp.Quy Nhn, Tuy Phc

5,7

An Lo, An Nhn, Hoi n, Hoi Nhn, Ph 8,2

Ct, Ph M, Ty Sn, Vn Canh, Vnh
Thnh
9

Bnh Dng

Tx. Th Du Mt, D An, Tn Uyn, Thun An 13,7

Bn Ct, Du Ting, Ph Gio

10

Bnh Phc

Tx. ng Xoi, Bnh Long, Chn Thnh, 14,9

ng Ph
B p, B ng, Lc Ninh, Phc Long

11

Bnh Thun

14,9

13,7

Tp. Phan Thit, Hm Tn, Hm Thun Bc, 8,2

Hm Thun Nam, Tnh Linh

33

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
c Linh

10,9

Ph Qu

7,0

Bc Bnh

5,7

Tuy Phong

3,4

12

C Mau

Tx. C Mau, U Minh, Thi Bnh, Trn Vn 13,7

Thi, Ci Nc, m Di, Ph Tn, Nm
Cn, Ngc Hin

13

Cao Bng

Tx. Cao Bng, Bo Lc, Bo Lm, H Qung, 9,2

H Lang, H An, Nguyn Bnh, Phc Ho,
Qung Uyn, Thch An, Thng Nng, Tr
Lnh, Trng Khnh

14

Cn Th

Q. Bnh Thy, Q. Ci Rng, Q. Ninh Kiu, Q. 13,7

Mn, C , Phong in,Tht Nt, Vnh
Thnh

15

Nng

Q. Hi Chu, Q. Lin Chiu, Q. Ng Hnh 8,2

Sn, Q. Sn Tr, Thanh Kh, Ha Vang
Hong Sa

16

c Lk

7,0

Tp. Bun Ma Thut, Bun n, Ea Sp, C 13,7

M'Gar, Ea H'Leo, Krng Buk, Krng Nng
Krng Pk, Krng Ana, Lk, Krng Bng, Ea 10,9
Kar
8,2

M'rk
17

in Bin

Tp. in Bin Ph, in Bin, in Bin 8,2

ng
Tx. Mng Lay, Mng ch, Mng Nh, 10,9
Ta Cha, Tun Gio

18
19

c Nng
ng Nai

k Nng, Krng N

10,9

k Mil, k R' Lp, k Song

13,7

Tp. Bin Ha, Long Thnh, Nhn Trch, Vnh 13,7

Cu, Trng Bom
Tx. Long Khnh, Tn Ph, nh Qun, Thng 10,9
Nht
8,2

Xun Lc, Cm M
20

ng Thp

Tx. Cao Lnh, Lp V, Sa c, Tn Hng, 13,7

Tam Nng, Thp Mi, Hng Ng, Cao
Lnh, Thanh Bnh, Lai Vung, Chu Thnh

21

Gia Lai

Tx. An Kh, Ch Pah, Ia Grai, Mang Yang, 8,2

c oa, c P

22

H Giang

Tp. Pleiku, KBang, Ia Pa, c C, Krng Pa

10,9

Ch Prng, Ch S, A Yun Pa

13,7

Tx H Giang, Bc M, Bc Quang, Mo Vc, 10,9

34

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Qun B, V Xuyn,
Hong Su Ph, Quang Bnh, Xn Mn, ng 8,2
Vn, Mo Vc, Yn Minh
23
24

H Nam
H Ni

Tx. Ph L, Kim Bng, Thanh Lim, Duy Tin

10,9

Bnh Lc, L Nhn

8,2

Q. Ba nh, Q. Cu Giy, Q. ng a, Q. Hai 10,9

B Trng, Q. Hong Mai, Q. Hon Kim, Q.
Long Bin, Q. Ty H, Q. Thanh Xun, Gia
Lm, Thanh Tr, T Lim, ng Anh
8,2

Sc Sn

Q. H ng, Tx. Sn Ty, Ba V, Chng 10,9

M, an Phng, Hoi c, M c, Ph
Xuyn, Phc Th, Quc Oai, Thch Tht,
Thanh Oai, Thng Tn, ng Ha
Phc Th, an Phng, Thch Tht, Quc 8,2
Oi, Hoi c
25

26

H Tnh

Hu giang

Tx. H Tnh, Cm Xuyn, Can Lc, c Th, 8,2

Hng Sn, K Anh, Nghi Xun, Thch H,
V Quang
Hng Kh

10,9

Chu Thnh, Phng Hip

10,9

Tx. V Thanh, V Thu, Long M, Chu Thnh 13,7

A.
27

Hi Dng

Tp. Hi Dng, Bnh Giang, Cm Ging, Ch 8,2

Linh, Gia Lc, Nam Sch, Ninh Giang, Thanh
Min.
Kinh Mn, Kim Thnh, Thanh H, T K

28

Hi Phng

10,9

Q. Hng Bng, Q. Kin An, Q. L Chn, Q. 10,9

Ng Quyn, An Dng, An Lo, Kin An,
Bch Long V, Thy Nguyn,
Q. Hi An, Tx. Sn, Tin Lng, Vnh Bo, 8,2
Kin Thy, Ct Hi.

29

30

Ho Bnh

Hng Yn

Tx Ha Bnh, Bc, Kim Bi, K Sn, Lc 10,9

Thy, Lng Sn, Mai Chu.
Cao Phong, Tn Lc, Lc Sn, Yn Thy.

13,7

Tx. Hng Yn, Ph C , Tin L.

8,2

n Thi , Khoi Chu, Kim ng, M Ho, Vn 10,9

Giang, Vn Lm, Yn M.
31

Khnh Ho

Tp. Nha Trang.

3,4

Tx. Cam Ranh, Din Khnh, Vn Ninh, Ninh 5,7

Ha.

35

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT

32

33

Kin Giang

Kon Tum

Khnh Sn, Khnh Vnh.

8,2

Trng Sa.

7,0

Tx. Rch Gi, Tx. H Tin, An Bin, An Minh,

Chu Thnh, Ging Ring, G Quao, Hn
t, Kin Hi, Kin Lng, Tn Hip, Vnh
Thun.

13,7

Ph Quc.

7,0

Tx. Kom Tum, Kon Plng, Kon Ry, k Glei, 8,2

k H, Sa Thy.
5,7

k T, Ngc Hi.
34

Lm ng

Tp. Lt , am Rng, n Dng, c 10,9

Trng, Lm H.
Tx. Bo Lc, Bo Lm, Ct Tin, Di Linh 8,2

5,7

Huoai, Th
35

36

37

Lo Cai

Lc Dng

13,7

Tp Lo Cai, Sa Pa, Bc H, Bt Xt, Mng

Khng, Si Ma Cai

8,2

Bo Thng, Bo Yn, Vn Bn

10,9

Lng Sn

TP. Lng Sn, Bc Sn, Bnh Gia, Cao Lc, 8,2

Chi Lng, nh Lp, Hu Lng, Lc Bnh,
Trng nh, Vn Lng, Vn Quan

Lai Chu

Tx Lai Chu, Tx Lai Chu, Mng T, Phong 8,2

Th, Sn H, Tam ng, Than Uyn

Long An

Tx. Tn An, Bn Lc, Cn c, Cn Guc, 13,7

Chu Thnh, c Ha, Tn Tr, Tn Hng,
Tn Thnh, Th Tha
c Hu, Mc Ha, Thnh Ha, Vnh Hng

14,9

38

Nam nh

Tp. Nam nh, Giao Thy, Hi Hu, M Lc, 8,2

Nam Trc, Ngha Hng, Trc Ninh, V Bn,
Xun Trng, Yn

39

Ngh An

Tp. Vinh, Tx. Ca L, Hng Nguyn, Nam 8,2

n, Thanh Chng, Lng, Yn Thnh,
Qunh Lu, Din Chu
Anh Sn, Con Cung, Ngha n, Tn K, 10,9
Tng Dng, K Sn, Qu Phong
13,7

Qu Chu, Qu Hp
40

41

Ninh Bnh

Ninh Thun

Tx. Ninh Bnh Tx. Tam ip, Hoa L, Kim 8,2

Sn, Yn Khnh, Yn M
Gia Vin, Nho Quan

10,9

Tx. Phan Rang, Ninh Phc

1,4

Bc i, Ninh Sn

5,7

36

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
3,4

Ninh Hi
42

Ph Th

Tp. Vit Tr, Tx. Ph Th, oan Hng, H 10,9

Ho, Lm Thao, Ph Ninh, Cm Kh, Tam
Nng, Thanh Ba, Thanh Sn, Thanh Thu,
Yn Lp

43

Ph Yn

Tp. Tuy Ha

3,4

ng Xun, Sng Hinh, Sn Ha

8,2

Ph Ha, Sng Cu, Tuy An, Tuy Ha

5,7

44

Qung Bnh

Tp. ng Hi, B Trch, L Thy, Minh Ha, 8,2

Qung Ninh, Qung Trch
10,9

Tuyn Ha
45

Qung Nam

Tx. Tam K, Tx. Hi An, Bc Tr My, Duy 8,2

Xuyn, i Lc, in Bn, Nam Tr My, Ph
Ninh, Ni Thnh, Qu Sn, Thng Bnh, Tin
Phc, Hip c
ng Giang, Nam Giang, Phc Sn, Ty 10,9
Giang, Nam Tr My

46

Qung Ngi

Tx. Qung Ngi, Bnh Sn, c Ph, L Sn, 8,2

M c, Ngha Hnh, T Ngha, Sn Tnh
Ba T, Minh Long, Sn H, Sn Ty, Ty 10,9
Tr, Tr Bng

47

Qung Ninh

Tp. H Long, Tx. Ung B, ng Triu, Yu 8,2

Hng, Honh B, Bnh Liu
Tx. Mng Ci, Ba Ch, C T, m H, Hi 10,9
H, Honh B, Tin Yn, Vn , Cm Ph

48

Qung Tr

Tx. ng H, Cam L, Cn C, a Krng, 8,2

Gio Linh, Hi Lng, Hng Ha, Vnh Linh
Tx. Qung Tr, a Krng, Hi Lng, Triu 10,9
Phong

49

Sn La

Tx Sn La, Bc Yn, Mai Sn, Mc Chu , 10,9

Mng La, Ph Yn, Qunh Nhai, Sng M,
Sp Cp, Thun Chu, Yn Chu

50

Sc Trng

Tx. Sc Trng, C Lao Dung, K Sch, Long 10,9

Ph, M Xuyn, Vnh Chu
M T, Ng Nm, Thnh Tr

51

Ty Ninh

13,7

Tx. Ty Ninh, Chu Thnh, Ha Thnh, Tn 13,7

Bin, Tn Chu
G Du, Trng Bng, Bn cu, Dng Minh 14,9
Chu

52

Thi Bnh

Tp. Thi Bnh, ng Hng, Hng H, Kin 8,2

Xng, Qunh Ph, Thi Thy, Tin Hi, V

37

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Th
53

Thi Nguyn

Tp. Thi Nguyn, nh Ha, ng H, Ph 8,2

Yn, Ph Bnh, Ph Lng,V Nhai, Tx.Sng
Cng, i T

54

Thanh Ho

Tp. Thanh Ha, Tx. Bm Sn, Tx. Sm Sn, 8,2

ng Sn, H Trung, Hu Lc, Hong Ha,
Nh Thanh, Nh Xun, Nng Cng, Nga
Sn, Thiu Ha, Th Xun,Qung Xng,
Tnh Gia, Triu Sn, Vnh Lc, Yn nh
B Thc, Thch Thnh, Cm Thy

13,7

Lang Chnh, Mng Lt, Quan Ha, Quan 10,9

Sn, Thng Xun, Ngc Lc, Cm Thy
55

Tha
Hu

Thin Tp. Hu, Phong in, Ph Lc, Ph Vang, 10,9

Qung in
A Li, Hng Tr, Hng Thy, Nam ng

13,7

56

Tin Giang

Tp. M Tho, Tx. G Cng, Ci B, Cai Ly, 13,7

Chu Thnh, Tn Phc, Ch Go, G Cng
ng, G Cng Ty

57

Tp. H Ch Qun 2,Qun 3, Qun 4, Qun 5, Qun 6, 13,7

Minh
Qun 7, Qun 8,Qun 9, Qun 10, Qun 11,
Q. Tn Ph, Q. Bnh Tn, Q. Bnh Thnh, Q.
G Vp, Q. Ph Nhun, Q. Tn Bnh, Q. Th
c, Bnh Chnh, Nh
B, Hc Mn

58

Tr Vinh

Cn Gi

10,9

C Chi

14,9

Tx. Tr Vinh, Cng Long

13,7

Cu K, Cu Ngang, Chu Thnh, Duyn 10,9

Hi, Tiu Cn, Tr C.
59

60
61

Tuyn Quang

Vnh Long
Vnh Phc

Tx. Tuyn Quang, Chim Ha, Hm Yn, Na 10,9

Hang, Sn Dng
Sn Dng

8,2

Tx. Vnh Long, Long H, Mang Tht

13,7

Tam Bnh, Tr n, Vng Lim, Bnh Minh

10,9

Tp. Vnh Yn, Tx. Phc Yn, Bnh Xuyn, Lp 10,9

Thch, Tam Dng, Vnh Tng, Yn Lc
8,2

Tam o, M Linh
62

Yn Bi

Tp. Yn Bi, Tx. Ngha L, Lc Yn, M Cang 10,9

Chi, Trm Tu, Trn Yn, Vn Chn, Vn
Yn, Yn Bnh

38

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT

Bng D.2 - S phn b cc c tnh chnh ca st mt t

TT

c tnh st

T l phn trm cc kh nng tr s c

tnh c th xy ra ln hn gi tr sau n
y
v
50
25
10
1
99 90 75

S st lp

12

Khong thi gian gia cc

10
st

25

35

55

90

150

400

ms

Dng st th nht, Imax

12

20

30

50

80

130

kA

Bin dng st tip theo

10

15

20

30

40

kA

dc st th nht, (dI/dt)

10

15

25

30

40

70

GA/s

dc st tip theo, (dI/dt)

15

25

45

80

100

200

GA/s

39

QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
PH LC E
(Tham kho)
Tnh ton ri ro tn tht cho mt trm vin thng in hnh
Tnh ton ri ro thit hi do st cho mt trm vin thng ti thnh ph Tuy Ho, tnh Ph Yn,
c cc s liu c s:
- Kch thc v vt liu nh trm: (5 x 3 x 3) m; b tng ct thp;
- cao anten v khong cch t anten ti nh: cao 80 m, cch nh 4 m;
- c im v chiu di ca cc cp vo nh trm:
+ Cp in lc di 600 m, khng c che chn, chn ngm;
+ Cp thng tin di 1000 m, khng c che chn, treo ni;

Cp
anten

Cp thng tin

Cp in lc

Hnh E.1 M hnh trm vin thng c ct cao anten k bn

E.1. Tnh ton cc din tch ri ro, A
- Din tch ri ro st nh trc tip vo nh trm, trong trng hp ny Ad = 0 (do nh c
bao ph bi din tch ri ro ca ct anten);
- Din tch ri ro st nh trc tip vo ct anten:
Aa = P (3h)2 = P. (3.80)2 = 1800956 (m2) = 0,2 (km2);
- Din tch ri ro st nh xung ng cp thng tin:

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QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
Astele = 2.d1tele.Ltele Aa/2= 2.1000. 1000 90000 = 1,91. 10-6 (m2) = 1,9 (km2) (din tch ri ro
st nh xung cc ng cp c gim do s che ph bi din tch ri ro st nh xung
ct anten);
- Din tch ri ro st nh xung cp in lc:
Aspower = 2. d1power.Lpower Aa/2 = 2 . 250. 600 90000 = 0,21. 10-6 (m2) = 0,2 (km2)
- Din tch ri ro st nh xung ln cn nh trm, An, c gim do s bao ph ca din tch
ri ro st nh vo ct anten v din tch ri ro st nh vo cc ng dy, ring tng
trng hp ta c:
+ Trng hp bao ph bi cp thng tin:
An(tele) = P d2/2 Aa/2 = 0,3 (km2);
+ Trng hp bao ph bi cp in lc :
An(power) = P d2/2 Aa/2 + (Pd2/3 2 d1. d1 3/2) = 0,5 (km2) (cc thnh phn trong
ngoc biu th din tch ca mnh vng trn khi d= 2 d1 )

Ct anten
d1 = 1000 m
Aa

Aa

d1 = 250 m
Cp in lc

Cp thng tin
An

AStele

An

Aspower

Hnh E.2 Cc din tch ri ro

E.2. Tnh ton tn sut thit hi
Mt st ca khu vc t trm vin thng ti thnh ph Tuy Ho, tnh Ph Yn, theo Bng
D.1, Ph lc D l Ng = 3,7 ln/km2.nm.
Tn sut thit hi F ph thuc vo Ng, cc din tch ri ro va tnh ton trn v cc h s xc
sut thit hi tng ng vi cc bin php bo v, c gi tr ly theo cc Bng 5 n Bng 9.
Khi khng c cc bin php bo v, ch xt che chn ca cu trc nh v s u ni v che
chn ca cp anten vo trm, tn sut thit hi s l:
- Tn sut thit hi do st nh trc tip vo nh trm:
Fd = Ng.Ad. pd = 0 (do Ad = 0)
- Tn sut thit hi do st nh xung t gn khu vc nh trm:
Fn = Ng. An.pn = Ng.(An(tele) + An(power)).pn

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QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
vi pn = 0,1 do to nh c cu trc b tng ct thp (theo Bng 5),
Fn = 3,7. (0,3 + 0,5). 0,1 = 0,296 (ln/ nm);
- Tn sut thit hi do st nh vo cp hoc vng ln cn cp:
Fs = Ng. (As(tele) + As(power)). ps
vi ps = 1 do khng c cc bin php bo v trn cp (theo Bng 7):
Fs = 3,7. (1,9 + 0,2).1 = 7,7 (ln/nm)
- Tn sut thit hi do st nh trc tip vo ct anten:
Fa = Ng. Aa. pa
vi pa = 0,01 do to nh c cu trc b tng ct thp (theo Bng 5) v gi thit cp c ni
t tt vi ct thp to nh:
Fa = 3,7.0,2 . 0,01 = 0,0047 (ln/ nm);
E.3. Tnh ton ri ro tn tht
- Ri ro tn tht cho con ngi bn trong khu vc trm vin thng c tnh theo cng thc
2.1, vi gi thit lp b mt sn lm bng b tng kh (p injury= 10-3 theo Bng 9):
Rinjury = L.pinjury. Fi =1.10-3. (0,296 + 7,7 + 0,0047)= 8.10-3
Ri ro nh trn l qu cao so vi yu cu ri ro cho php (10-5), do vy cn trang b thm cc
bin php bo v.
- Ri ro tn tht dch v c tnh theo cng thc 2.2:
Rloss = L.Fi = 2,47.10-3.8 = 19,76.10-3
Ri ro nh trn l qu cao so vi tiu chun rui ro cho php (10 -3), do vy cn trang b thm
cc bin php bo v.
T tnh ton trn, ta thy ngun tn sut thit hi do st ln nht l t cc ng dy thng tin
v in lc (Fs= 7,7 ln/nm), do vy, cn phi lp t trang b bo v trn cc ng dy ny.
Nu phng php lp t c cht lng, s lm gim F n v Fs mt h s p = 0,01. Nh vy,
tn sut thit hi s l:
F = 3,7.[0,8.10-1.10-2 + 2,1.10-2 + 0,2.10-2] = 8,51.10-2 (ln/ nm)
- Ri ro tn tht cho con ngi c th c gim bng cch trang b h thng chng st bn
ngoi (pinjury= 0,1 theo Bng 6) v b mt ca din tch lm vic c ph bng vt liu nha
ng hoc g (pinjury=10-5), th ri ro tn tht cho con ngi s l:
Rinjury = 8,51.10-2.10-1.10-5 = 8,51.10-8
Gi tr ny l t so vi tiu chun cho php. V vy, vic trang b bo v cho con ngi nh
trn l .
- Ri ro tn tht dch v:
Rloss = 8,51.10-2. 2,74.10-3 = 23,3.10-5 = 0,233.10-3
Gi tr ny l t so vi tiu chun cho php. V vy, vic trang b bo v cho dch v nh trn
l .

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QCVN 32:2011/BTTTT
TH MC TI LIU THAM KHO
[1] IEC 62305 1: 2006, Protection against lightning Part 1: General principles
[2] IEC 62305 2: 2006, Protection against lightning Part 2: Risk management
[3] IEC 62305 3: 2006, Protection against lightning Part 3: Physical damage to structures
and life hazard
[4] ITU-T Recommendation K. 39 (1996), Risk assessment of damages to telecommunication
sites due to lightning discharges
[5] ITU-T Recommendation K.40 (1996), Protection against LEMP in telecommunication
centers
[6] ITU-T Recommendation K. 25 (1999), Protection of optical fibre cables
[7] ITU-T Recommendation K. 47 (2008), Protection of telecommunication lines using metallic
conductors against direct lightning discharges

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