EXPERIMENT TITLE OBJECTIVES

: : :

3 REYNOLDS NUMBER

1. To demonstrate laminar, transition and turbulent flow 2. To introduce Reynolds number to classify laminar, transition and turbulent flow THEORY :

Fluid flow can be classified to three regimes which is laminar, transition and turbulent. Laminar regime is where the flow is characterized by smooth streamlines and highly ordered motion. Turbulent is regime where flow is characterized by velocity fluctuations and highly disordered motion. Transition regime is where he flow fluctuates between laminar and turbulent before it becomes fully turbulent. The boundary of Reynolds number for laminar, transition and turbulent regime varies by geometries and flow condition. For example, flow in circular pipe is laminar for Reynolds number less than 2300, turbulent for Reynolds number larger than 4000 and transition is in between. However, we will have other boundaries if the pipe cross is area is square. [This part was taken with same modification from textbook Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Application; Yunus A. Cengel and John M.Cimbala;McGraw Hill, 2006.]

APPARATUS 1. 2. 3. Osborne Reynolds Flow Visualization Apparatus Supply tank: volume 3.5Ltr Experimental pipe section: length 700mm, 10mm Dye tank: approx. 250 ml Hydraulic bench Coloring

PROCEDURE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Open the outlet and inlet valves. Switch on pump. Start dye injection system. Observe dye flow pattern within the tube. Turn off dye injection system. Switch off pump. Shut the inlet and outlet valves. Measure flow rate.

Table 1 measured and calculated data for Reynolds Number experiment

Volume (m3) 1 2 3

Time (s)

Discharge (m/s)

Velocity (m/s)

Re

Observed types of flow

Types of flow calculated