Vu Lam Ch c

1) Xac nh ten va trang thai cua cac lp at theo

tieu chuan Viet Nam va USCS
a) Theo tieu chuan Viet Nam:
Lp 1
A = Wnh Wd = 65 35 = 30 > 17

Vay lp 1 la at set.
W Wd
72 35 37
B=
=
=
= 1,16 > 1
Wnh Wd 65 35 30
Vay trang thai at set la set
Lp 2
Ta thay so hat lot qua ray 0,074 la 17%,vay la ta
thay thoa ieu kien cac hat d> 0,10 mm chiem tren
75%.Vay lp 2 la Cat nho

0,82 0,78 0,04
D = max
=
=
= 0,26 < 0,33
max min 0,82 0,67 0,15
Vay trang thai cua Cat la xop(ri).
b) Theo tieu chuan USCS
Lp 1
Ta co ray 0,074 co 81% lot qua ay la at hat
mn. ay ta chon vo c, ta co LL= 65>50, ti ay ta
da vao ng A.
Wnh = 65, I p = 30

Ta thay tren bieu o th iem co toa o (65,30) nam

di ng A. Vay lp at co ten la MH-OH.
Lp 2
Ta thay ray 0,074 co 17% lot qua ay la at hat
tho, ta co 100% hat lot qua ray 4,76 vay % cat > %
cuoi, ta co 17% hat lot qua ray 0,074 vay ay la Cat.
2) Tnh va ve bieu o ng suat tong cong
Ta co ng suat di ay mong
Po = tb .h +

N M
163
20.6

= 20.1,2 +

F W
2,6.4,5 2,6.4,5 2

Pm = 40,21KN / m 2
Pmin = 35,65 KN / m 2
Ptb = 37,93KN / m 2

Lp 1 co he so rong
eo =

(1 +W ). h

(1 + 0,72).26
1
15,1
= 1,96
=

Vu Lam Ch c
dn =

h n 26 10
=
= 5,4 KN / m 2
1+
1 + 1,96

lp 2 co he so rong:
(1 + W ). h
(1 + 0,26).26,5
o =
=
1 = 0,78

18,8
n 26,5 10
dn = h
=
= 9,27 KN / m 2
1+
1 + 0,78
ng suat gay lun ay mong
Pmax = 40,21 (0,8.15,1 + 0,4.5,4) = 25,97 KN / m 2
Pmin = 35,65 (0,8.15,1 + 0,4.5,4) = 21,41KN / m 2
Ptb =

iem

Pmax + Pmin
25,97 + 21,41
=
= 23,69 KN / m 2
2
2
Kg
gl = 4.K g .Ptb bt
o
L/b
Z/b

sau
0

1,73

0,25

23,69

0,7

0,54

0,2355

22,31

1,2

0,92

0,2046

19,39

1,7

1,31

0,1680

15,92

2,3

1,77

0,1298

12,30

3,2

2,46

0,0887

8,40

3,7

2,84

0,0729

6,91

14,2
4
18,0
2
20,7
2
23,4
2
26,6
6
35,0
0
39,6
4

Bieu o ng suat tong

Truc qua tam mong

bt

14,24

23,69

18,02

22,31

20,72

19,39

23,42

gl

15,92
12,30

26,66

5
6

35
39,64

8,40
6,91

Vu Lam Ch c
3) Kiem tra ng suat tac dung:
ng suat tac dung len lp at 1
1 = gl + bt = 23,69 + 14,24 = 37,93KN / m 2

ng suat tac dung len lp at 2

2 = gl + bt= 26,66 +12,3 = 38,96 KN / m 2

Ap lc tieu chuan tac dung len lp 1:

Lp 1 = 4,5 0 C = 9 , A = 0,07 , B = 1,285 , D = 3,56
Rtc =

m1. .m 2
1,1.1
0,8.15,1 + 0,4.5,4
( A.b. '+B.h. + D.c ) =
(0,07.2,6
+1,285.1,2.5,4 + 3,56.9)
K
1
1,2

= 46,77 > 37,93KN / m 2

Ap lc tieu chuan tac dung len lp 2:

N tc = N 0tc + F .hm . tb = 163 + 2,6.4,5.1,2.20 = 443,8 KN
Fy =
a=

N tc

gl

443,8
= 36,08m 2
12,3

l b 4,5 2,6
=
= 0,95m
2
2

by =

Fy + a 2 a = 36,08 + 0,95 2 0,95 = 5,13m

Lp 2 = 26 0 C = 2 , A = 0,84 , B = 4,37 , D = 6,9

1 .h1 + 2 .h2 0,8.15,1 + 5,4.2,7
=
= 7,62 KN / m 3
Ta co ' =
h1 + h2
3,5
m1 .m2
1,1.1
( A.b y . '+B.h. + D.c ) =
(0,84.5,13.7,62 + 4,37.3,5.9,27 + 6,9.2)
K
1
= 207,26 > 38,96 KN / m 2
Rtc =

Vay co the xac nh o lun cua nen at bang

nhng phng phap thng dung.
4) Xac nh o lun cua mong theo cac phng phap
: cong lun tng lp, lp tng ng,Iegorov.So
sanh ket qua a d oan c va cho nhan xet
Lp at

II

Lp
phan
to
1(0,7m)
2(0,5m)
3(0,5m)
4(0,6m)
5(0,9m)
6(0,5m)

Pi ( KN / m 2

E oi ( KN / m 2

S i (cm)

23
20,85
17,65
14,11
10,35
7,65

0,46
0,83
0,83

1.500
40.000
-

4,94.10 3
3,2.10 3
2,71.10 3
2,59.10 3
0,19.10 3
0,08.10 3

1,371
Tnh lun bang phng phap lp tng ng
Ta co :

Vu Lam Ch c

1 0,46
=
= 3,066.10 3 cm 2 / N
E01 150

0,83
a 02 = 2 =
= 2,075.10 4 cm 2 / N
E 02 4000
V lp 1 nam ngay di e mong tiep thu phan ln
a 01 =

= 0,4

l
= 1,73
ng suat gay lun ta chon b
A0 = 2,58
hS = A0 .b = 2,58.2,6 = 671cm

T hnh ve ta co P1 = 2,16 N / cm 2 , P2 = 0,98 N / cm 2

S = a 01 .h1 . p1 + a 02 .h2 . p 2 = 3,066.10 3.230.2,16 + 2,075.10 4.1112.0,98 = 1,75cm

Tnh lun theo phng phap Iegorov

Ta se co
ng vi be mat lp 1 z = 0
ng vi ay lp 1 z = 2,3m
ng vi be mat lp 2 z = 2,3m
ng vi ay lp 2 z = 3,7m
V Iegorov ch thanh lap bang gia tr K trng hp =
0,3
Lp 1
ng vi be mat
l
=1,73
b

z
=0
b

, K z1 = 0

ng vi ay
l
=1,73
b

2,3

, b = 2,6 = 0,88 , K z 2 = 0,430

Lp 2
ng be mat
K z 3 = 0,430

ng vi ay
l
=1,73
b

3,7

, b = 2,6 = 1,42 , K z 4 = 0,618

4

Vu Lam Ch c

C1 =

E 01
150
=
= 178,57
2
1 1 1 0,4 2

E 02
4000
=
= 4266,66
2
1 2 1 0,25 2
Ap dung cong thc:
C2 =

S = Ptb .b(

K z 2 K z1 K z 4 K z 3
0,43 0 0,618 0,430
+
) = 2,369.260(
+
)
C1
C2
178,57
4266,66

= 1,51cm

Trong 3 phng phap ta thay phng phap cong lun

tng lp la chnh xac nhat sau en la phng phap
Iegorov va cuoi cung la phng phap lp tng ng
v lp tng ng lay o sau tnh lun theo noi suy
nen khong chnh xac bang cong lun tng lp,con
Iegorov lay =0,3 cho tat ca cac lp trong noi suy K
nen khong chnh xac.
5) Tnh o nghieng cua mong
25,97
P'''

23,69
21,41
P"

P'

M1

ie Z(m
m
)
0
0
1
0,7

M2

l
4,5
=
= 3,46
b 1,3

z
b

Kg

3,46
-

0
0,5
4
0,9
2
1,3
1
1,7
7
2,4
6
2,8
4

0,25
0,23
76
0,21
02
0,17
91
0,14
65
0,11
09
0,09
59

1,2

1,7

2,3

3,2

3,7

p '' = 2.K g .Pmax p ' = 2.K g .Pmin

12,98
12,34

10,7
10,17

10,92

9,3

7,67

7,61

6,27

5,76

4,75

4,98

4,1

Vu Lam Ch c
iem

l
b

z
b

KT

P '''

M 1

M 2

0
1
2
3
4
5
6

0
0,7
1,4
1,7
2,3
3,2
3,7

0,28
-

0
0,15
0,31
0,37
0,51
0,71
0,82

0,25
0,207
0,163
0,148
0,113
0,086
0,071

2,28
1,89
1,48
1,35
1,03
0,78
0,65

10,7
10,45
9,44
7,95
6,58
4,98
4,33

12,98
12,06
10,48
9,02
7,3
5,53
4,75

Lp
at

II

Lp
phan
to
1(0,7
m)
2(0,5
m)
3(0,5
m)
4(0,6
m)
5(0,9
m)
6(0,5
m)

E0i

S1i

S 2i

0,46

1500

2,27.10 3

2,69.10 3

P2i

P1i

10,57 12,52
9,94

11,27

1,52.10 3

1,73.10 3

8,69

9,75

1,33.10 3

1,49.10 3

7,26

8,16

1,33.10 3

1,50.10 3

5,78

6,41

0,83

40.00
0

0,108.10 3 0,120.10 3

4,65

5,14

0,048.10 3 0,053.10 3

0,661cm

0,758cm

o nghieng cua mong

S S1 0,758 0,661
tg = 2
=
= 2,15.10 4 radian
450
450

M1

10,7

14,24

4,33

19,39

23,42

7,95

15,92
12,30

26,66

35

M2

12,98
12,06

22,31

20,72

9,44

4,98

23,69

18,02

10,45

6,58

8,40
6,91

10,48
9,02
7,3

5,53
4,75

Vu Lam Ch c

6) Tnh o lun theo thi gian va ve bieu o phan

bo ng suat hu hieu:
Khi tnh lun theo thi gian ta nhan xet rang, v lp at
th hai co he so tham kha ln cho nen co the tin
rang sau thi gian thi cong th o lun cua lp hai se
hoan thanh . Khi co ket, lp at nay co the thoat
nc xuong lp at ben di( co he so tham ln
hn) lai co the thoat nc len lp di ay mong.V
vay ta se xem nh no thuoc trng hp O cua bai
toan co ket tham 1 chieu.
Cac ai lng tnh toan:
-

He so tham

K =1.10 8 cm / sec
K = 3.10 1 cm / nam

- He so nen a 01 = 3,066.10 3 cm 2 / N
- Trong lng rieng cua nc n = 10 KN / m 3 = 0,01N / cm 3
Hang so co ket cua at
Cv =

K
0,3
=
= 9784,73
a 01 . n
3,066.10 3.0,01

Tha so thi gian

2 .CV
3,14 2.9784,73
N=
.t =
t = 1,82t
4.h 2
230 2
Qt
0,558
0,67
1
0,85
1.02
S t = S .Qt (cm)
N
t(nam)

0,61
1/3
1,08

S t = S t1 + S 2 (cm)

0,86
1,31

0,91
1/2
1,25

1,82
1
1,54

Ve bieu o phan bo ng suat hu hieu trong lp 1 tai

nhng thi iem t1 = 4 thang, t 2 = 6 thang, t 3 = 12
thang
Ta co bieu thc
u = p.

(2n +1) sin

n =0

( 2n +1)..z
exp ( 2n +1) 2 . 2 .TV
2h

Thay cac gia tr vao valan lt thay n = 0,1,2

4
.z 1,82t 1
3..z 9.1,82 t 1
i5..z 25.1,82t

u = p. .sin
.e
. sin
e
. sin
e
...

460
3
460
5
460

ay ta tnh u vi mot so hang au, ta co:

7

Vu Lam Ch c
u=

. p sin

.z

.e 1,82 t

460
Thay p=23,69 KN/m2
u = 30,18 sin

z(cm)

.z
460

3,14.z 1,82 t
.e
460

sin
.z

t=

1
nam
3

460

e 1,82 t

0
50

.5

0,334

t=

1
nam
2

e 1,82 t

0
0,54
3

9
46
.10 0,631
1
46
.11,5 0,707
1
46

5,49

e 1,82 t

0
0,40
2

4,06

10,3
7,65
4
11,5
115
8,58
8
Bieu o phan bo ng suat hu hieu
100

t = 1 nam

u
0

0,16
2

1,64
3,08
3,45

na
m
na
m
O

O1
na
m