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BIOCLIMATIC ARCHITECTURE
ENERGYEFICIENT BUILDING
SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
CHNG I: KHI QUT V TIT KIM NNG LNG. CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG. 1. KIN TRC MI TRNG (ENVIRIONMENTAL ARCHITECTURE). 2. KIN TRC XANH (GREEN BUILDING). 3. KIN SINH THI (ECOLOGIC ARCHITECTURE). 4. KIN TRC HIU QU NNG LNG (ENERGY-EFFICIENT BUILDING). 5. KIN TRC BN VNG (SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE). 6. KIN TRC SINH KH HU (BIOCLIMATIC ARCHITECTURE) TRNG TM 1.Kin trc sinh kh hu:nhng ni dung c bn. 2.Kh hu ton cu v kh hu Vit Nam. 3.Cc gii php thit k kin trc theo sinh kh hu.
CHNG III: PHN TCH MT S CNG TRNH THC T TI BNH DNG & TP.H CH MINH.
CHNG IV: CNG TRNH NC NGOI THIT K THEO XU HNG TIT KIM NNG LNG.
-VN NNG LNG L VN HNG U , RT QUAN TRNG LIN QUAN N MI TH . -NNG LNG MIN NAM THNG DNG THU IN ,C NNG LNG NHNG LI MT RT NHIU TH NH VIC AN C-SINH SNG CA NGI DN SNG DC 2 B SNG RT KH KHN. -S DNG NNG LNG KHNG BIT TIT KIM , NHIM MI TRNG, TC NG N MI TRNG SINH THI.
HIN NAY, THNH PHN CH YU TRONG TIU TH NNG LNG THNG MI V DCH V L CC TA NH CAO TNG NH VN PHNG, CNG S, KHCH SN, CC CHUNG C. TIM NNG TIT KIM NNG LNG TI CC TA NH TNG I LN, KHONG 10 - 40%. CC TA NH C XY DNG VI QUY M LN TH VIC THC HIN TIT KIM NNG LNG S TT HN BI CC TO NH NY C H THNG NC NNG MT TRI, H THNG IU HA KHNG KH, CA S DNG KNH CCH NHIT... C CU S DNG NNG LNG CA MT TO NH BAO GM: NNG LNG TIU TN CHO H THNG IU HO KHNG KH CHIM 40 - 60%, H THNG CHIU SNG CHIM KHONG 15-20%, CC THIT B VN PHNG CHIM 10 - 15%, PHN CN LI DNH CHO CC THIT B PH TR KHC.
CAO C VN PHNG
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
BNG 5 VN CY TRE, KTS V TRNG NGHA TI HI CH TRIN LM TH GII 2010 (WORLD EXPO 2010) DIN RA TI THNG HI (TRUNG QUC) T 1/5
N 31/10, KTS V TRNG NGHA CA VIT NAM LM MI NGI NG NGNG KHI BIN MT NH KHO RNG KHONG HN 1.000M2 THNH MT CNG TRNH KIN TRC TIU BIU CA VIT NAM
TIP BC CC THNH CNG VANG DI T CY TRE TRUYN THNG VIT NAM TI CNG TRNH CAPH GI V NC BNH DNG, KTS V TRNG NGHA TIP TC LY CM HNG TO NN CNG TRNH NH HNG GI V NC TP.H CH MINH NY.
CC CNG TRNH NY S DNG VT LIU TRUYN THNG CA A PHNG, C KH NNG TI TO C, KHNG NH HNG MI TRNG CHUNG CA TRI T
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CNG TRNH LI DNG A HNH T NHIN GI M CHO CNG TRNH VO MA NG,V CHNG BXMT VO MA NNG NNG
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
MT D N THNH PH BN VNG
THNH PH MI BNH DNG-ANG XY DNG ,HONH THNH NM 2020 ,HIN MT S D N HON THNH-TRONG C CNG VIN THNH PH
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
KIN TRC KH HU (BIOCLIMATIC ARCHITECTURE) L KIN TRC C XEM XT N IU KIN KH HU CA A IM, TRONG TC NG TI CON NGI, NH THIT K V XY DNG CC TH , CC CNG TRNH PH HP VI IU KIN KH HU A PHNG , TN DNG TI A THIN NHIN THUN LI, NNG CAO IU KIN SNG TIN NGHI V BO V SC KHO CHO CON NGOI TRONG CC CNG TRNH, GIM THIU VIC S DNG NNG LNG NHN TO, TIT KIM KINH PH U T V KINH PH S DNG , GIM NHIM MI TRNG, BO V H SINH THI TRI T. THC RA KIN TRC KH HU (CLIMATIC ARCHITECTURE) CNG C MC CH GING NH VY, NHNG GI RING KIN TRC SINH KH HU L NHM NHN MNH HN NGHA SINH HC CA KH HU TRONG KIN TRC V NNG LN THNH MT NGNH KHOA HC C BIT.
< ={{==== >NH VY , C TH NI KIN TRC SINH KH HU TRC HT L KIN TRC V CON NGI , CHO CON NGI, V SAU L V X HI, V MI TRNG SNG CA A PHNG, CA QUC GIA V CA TON CU. CNG L L DO CA S XUT HIN MT LOT LNH VC NGHIN CU ST CNH NHAU TRONG KIN TRC,C TN L: -KIN TRC SINH THI ( ECOLOGIC ARCHITECTURE). -KIN TRC MI TRNG (ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHITECTURE). -KIN TRC XANH (GREEN BUILDING). -KIN TRC BN VNG (SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE). -KIN TRC C HIU QU NNG LNG (ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDING). KIN TRC SINH KH HU THUC LNH VC KIN TRC MI TRNG V L HT NHN TRONG TT C CC LNH VC NGHIN CU KIN TRC K TRN.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
1.BXMT NGOI KH QUYN. 2.PH BC X CA VT EN 5900 OK. 3.BXMT TRC TIP TRN MT BIN KHI MT TRI THIN NH. (VNG T M L BXMT B HT BI KH QUYN).
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
Ghi ch:
Nhit b mt (ban ngy)
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
Khng kh lnh
CNG XY RA TNG T I VI THNH PH: CC B MT NH CA, NG S , QUNG TRNG . HP TH NHIT MNH S T C NHIT CAO, LM CHO KHNG KH CHUNG QUANH CNG NNG LN, V TO RA MT DNG KH NNG CHUYN NG LN TRN. DNG KH NNG I LN C TH GP DNG KH LNH CHUYN NG NGANG,DO XY RA MA TRONG THNH PH.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
HNH 1.S THAY I VN TC GI THEO CHIU CAO TI CC VNG A HNH KHC NHAU
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
Hnh 1.
Hnh 2.
Hnh 3.
(p sut thp)
(p sut cao)
(p sut cao)
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
Cch nhit cho kt cu. Tng cng nhn nhit mt tri. Gim thiu s mt nhit qua cc khe h,qua cc kt cu kn. Tng cng lm mt nh nh t. Gim thiu nhn nhit mt tri. Tng cng thng gi t nhin. Tng cng lm mt bng bay hi nc. Tng cng bc x lm mt. iu khin tr ca dng nhit chu k trong ma nng. Tch lu nhit. Chng ng sng trn b mt kt cu trong nh. S dng cy xanh, mt nc, li dng a hnh. S dng thng gi c kh. S dng nng lng mt tri ch ng. iu ho khng kh nhn to.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
6.3.2)Tng cng nhn nhit mt tri: 6.3.2.1)Kh nng thu nhn nhit mt tri ca kt cu:
CHIN LC NY C HAI PHNG HNG P DNG. MT L LI DNG NNG LNG MT TRI (NLMT) SI M TRONG NHNG THNG MA NG LNH TRONG MIN KH HU PHA BC V VNG NI CAO BNG S DNG CHNH CC KT CU NH CA. Y CH YU L PHNG PHP S DNG NLMT TH NG. HAI L THU NHN NLMT NH MT GUN NNG LNG THAY TH, PHC V I SNG V SN XUT. Y L PHNG PHP CH NG S DNG NLMT.
-HNH BN L TA NH NNG LNG MT TRI LN NHT TH GII,TN "SUN DIAL" CHNH THC C KHAI TRNG TI TNH QUAN NG PHA BC TRUNG QUC VI DIN TCH KHONG 75.000 M2.
MANG HNH DNG CA CHIC NG H MT TRI, TA NH NY S DNG NNG LNG MT TRI MT CCH TUYT I CHO HU HT CC HOT NG V CC NHU CU CHO: KHCH SN, TRUNG TM TRIN LM, PHNG HP, NGHIN CU CC LNH VC KHOA HC TA NH NY CNG C NHNG MI NH CAO CP V V CNG C BIT VI PHNG PHP S DNG NHNG BC TNG CCH NHIT LM CHO NHIN LIU C TH TIT KIM HN N 30% SO VI NHNG TA NH THNG THNG. THIT K CA TA NH NY DA TRN VNG QUAY CA MT TRI V C BIT NHN MNH N VIC S KHN CP TRONG QU TRNH TM KIM MT NGUN NNG LNG TI TO NHM THAY TH NGUYN LIU HA THCH. THIT K NY CNG RT PH HP VI HON TON PH HP VI CC C IM CA TRUNG QUC V MT HNH THC TNG TRNG CHO NGUN NNG LNG SCH.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
NH VY HIU NG NH KNH CH XY RA TRONG MT KHNG GIAN KN C KT CU BAO CHE BNG KNH. HIU NG NH KNH CN C NHN NHN T HAI PHA: o LI DNG NNG LNG MT TRI SI M TRONG MA NG LNH TH HIU NG NH KNH L C CH, CHO PHP TIT KIM NNG LNG NHN TO. o I VI CC VN PHNG, CNG S C NHIU V BAO CHE BNG KNH NHNG LI THNG NG KNH IU HO NHIT TRONG MA NNG TH HIU NG NH KNH L V CNG BT LI, V N TO THM MT LNG NHIT RT LN M H THNG IU HO NHN TO PHI GNH CHU.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
H THNG SI M NLMT C PHN BIT THEO 3 KIU: 1. H THNG TH NG: TRONG NNG LNG NHIT C CHUYN T PHN NY SANG PHN KHC QUA C CH TRAO I NHIT T NHIN. 2. H THNG CH NG :TRONG NNG LNG NHIT C VN CHUYN NH CNG SUT CA BM HOC QUT. 3. H THNG PHI HP : TRONG NNG LNG NHIT C VN CHUYN CH YU BNG T NHIN, NHNG C TR GIP THM BNG CC THIT B C KH. = H THNG TH NG HON TON DO KTS V KS XY DNG THC HIN CN H THNG CH NG CN C S THAM GIA CA CC NH CNG NGH.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
6.3.4)Tng cng lm mt nh t:
S DNG T NH MT B NHIT HOC MT KHO TCH LU NHIT, LM MT TRONG MA NNG, M P TRONG MA LNH. CHIN LC NY C C BIT QUAN TM TRONG VNG KH HU NNG KH , SA MC, HOC VNG KH HU LNH,VNG C BNG TUYT QUANH NM.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
Hnh 1a
Hnh 1b
Hnh 3
Hnh 2a
Hnh 2b
Hnh 2c
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
6.3.5)Gim thiu nhn nhit mt tri: 6.3.5.1) Ngn chn tia BXMT trc tip:
NGN CHN TIA BXMT TRC TIP BNG GII PHP CHE NNG CHO CC CA S, TNG KNH, V TO BNG TRN CC B MT TNG V MI NH BNG DY LEO,CY XANH, CC CU TO TNG 2 LP, MI CHNG MI,K THUT THIT K CHE NNG V TO BNG C LIN QUAN CHC CH N CHUYN NG BIU KIN CA MT TRI, HNG CA S HAOWCJ TNG V NHNG C IM S DNG CA CNG TRNH.
Trng c trn mi cng trnh Dy leo tng ngn c BXMT trc tip
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
6.3.5)Gim thiu nhn nhit mt tri: 6.3.5.2) Tng cng kh nng phn x ca vt liu b mt:
S DNG LM B MT NGOI CNG TRNH NHNG VT LIU HOC LA CHN MU SC C H S PHN X LN,H S HP TH BXMT NH,NG THI PHI XEM XT C KH NNG BC X NHIT CNG NH KH NNG TCH LU NHIT CA VT LIU.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
6.3.5)Gim thiu nhn nhit mt tri: 6.3.5.3) Xc nh hp l t l din tch ca s v tng,cng nh hng ca s:
CHN T L HP L GIA PHN TNG C V CA S CNG NH TNG KNH NGOI TIN NGHI NHIT, CN LIN QUAN N TIN NGHI NH SNG, KINH T CHIU SNG, V C BIT L THM M KIN TRC MT CHNH CNG TRNH.
C TNH CA S: HU HT CA S C DNG CC LOI NH,KH NNG CHIU SNG TU THUC CH YU VO V TR,HNH DNG HAY KCH THC CA N.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
HNG GIO, VAN TOC GIO, NHIET O KHONG KH, AC IEM CUA A HNH T NHIEN, LNG NHIET THA TRONG CONG TRNH. QUY HOACH TONG THE KHONG GIAN CAC CONG TRNH. TO CHC MAT BANG & KHONG GIAN CONG TRNH. CHON V TR, KCH THC HE THONG CA THEO YEU CAU VE MAT THONG GIO T NHIEN. CHON GIAI PHAP CAU TAO CAC BO PHAN TRONG CONG TRNH.
TANG CNG S THAI NHIET CUA C THE CON NGI VI MOI TRNG. ( THAI NHIET BANG MO HOI LN HN 8 LAN SO VI THAI NHIET BANG OI LU ) LNG NHIET THAI BANG MO HOI TANG GAP OI KHI VAN TOC GIO TANG T 1M/S LEN 2M/S. THAY OI KHONG KH B O NHIEM BANG KHONG KH TRONG SACH, NANG CAO CHAT LNG VE SINH TRONG CONG TRNH.
THC HIEN QUA TRNH TRAO OI KHONG KH VI LU LNG RAT LN, NHNG KHONG TON CHI PH CAO NH HNH THC THONG GIO NHAN TAO.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
AP LC KH ONG : DO GIO THOI TAC ONG EN CONG TRNH, SE TAO RA AP LC CAO BE MAT ON GIO ( AP LC DNG ) & AP LC THAP HN CAC BE MAT B KHUAT GIO ( AP LC AM ). AP LC NHIET : DO S CHENH LECH NHIET O GIA CAC KHOI KHONG KH TRONG CAC KHONG GIAN NHO, KHONG KH NONG BOC LEN CAO, KHONG KH CO NHIET O THAP HN SE DCH CHUYEN EN LAP KHOANG TRONG.
GIO
MAT BANG
MAT CAT
XET VE CNG O : THONG GIO T NHIEN DO AP LC KH ONG LN HN T 40 EN 60 LAN THONG GIO DO AP LC NHIET.
GIO
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
GIO TRONG MOI TRNG T NHIEN CANG LEN CAO CANG CO TOC O LN DO KHONG B CAN BI A HNH & CONG TRNH KIEN TRUC, GIO TREN CAO T B O NHIEM VA CO NHIET O THAP HN GIO GAN MAT AT. TREN BE MAT TNG CO AP L C DNG & BE MAT TNG CO AP LC AM NEU C M CA TH SE CO DONG CHUYEN ONG CUA KHONG KH T NI AP LC DNG SANG NI AP LC AM.
+
AP LC GIO TAC ONG EN CONG TRNH
GIO
+
DONG CHUYEN ONG CUA KHONG KH QUA CONG TRNH KIEN TRUC
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHENH LECH NHIET O CUA CAC KHOI KHONG KH, TAO RA S CHENH LECH KHOI LNG RIENG CUA CHUNG, KHONG KH CO KHOI LNG RIENG NHE BOC LEN, KHONG KH LANH DON EN THE CHO, TAO NEN DONG CHUYEN ONG GOI LA DONG OI LU. TRONG IEU KIEN KH HAU NHIET I, CHENH LECH NHIET O GIA CAC BE MAT CUA CONG TRNH KHONG LN ( T 0,20C 20C ), DO O VAI TRO CUA THONG GIO DO CHENH LECH NHIET AP T CO Y NGHA VE MAT THONG GIO T NHIEN SO VI THONG GIO T NHIEN DO AP LC KH ONG.
KHONG KH MAT
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
KHONG KH NONG
AP LC KH ONG
KHONG KH MAT
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
6.3.6)Tng cng thng gi: 6.3.6.4) Xc nh phng hng cng trnh theo yu cu thit k:
KHI CHON PHNG HNG CUA CONG TRNH CAN KET HP HAI YEU TO : BC XA MAT TRI & THONG GIO T NHIEN. TRONG THC TE KHI CHON HNG NHA OI KHI HAI YEU TO TREN KHONG PHAI LUC NAO CUNG THUAN LI, KHI O CAN U TIEN CHON HNG NHA TOI U THUAN LI VE PHNG DIEN THONG GIO T NHIEN, YEU TO HAN CHE BAT LI CUA BC XA MAT TRI CO THE S DUNG CAC GIAI PHAP THIET KE KIEN TRUC E X LY.
-APLC GIO AT GIA TR CAO NHAT KHI HNG GIO THOI VUONG GOC VI BE MAT CA ON GIO (HNH BEN) -VAN TOC GIO I VAO CONG TRNH LN NHAT KHI HNG GIO THOI LECH VI PHAP TUYEN CUA CA T 15 0 45 0. HIEU QUA THONG GIO AT C CAO NHAT KHI HNG GIO LAP VI PHAP TUYEN MAT NHA MOT GOC T 15 0 EN 45 0.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
6.3.6)Tng cng thng gi: 6.3.6.5) nh hng ca quy hoch n yu t thng gi t nhin:
NGHIEN C U QUY HOACH KIEN TRUC MOT CUM CONG TRNH, HNH KHOI O LN CUA CONG TRNH PHAI ANH GIA C HAU QUA CUA PHNG AN EN TRNG GIO TRONG TOAN KHU VC XAY DNG, V IEU O SE QUYET NH HIEU QUA THONG GIO CUA MOI CONG TRNH. QUY HOACH CAN XEM XET TREN NHIEU KHA CANH:
CAC TRUC GIAO THONG CHNH TRONG KHU VC. V TR MAT NC, CAY XANH, BE MAT A HNH TRONG KHU VC. BO CUC GIA CAC CONG TRNH ( MAT BANG, MAT CAT Q.HOACH. HNH KHOI CONG TRNH ( HNH DANG MAT BANG, O LN CT ). KHOANG CACH GIA CAC CONG TRNH.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
6.3.6)Tng cng thng gi: 6.3.6.6) Hnh khi cng trnh quan h vi vng lng gi v tc gi i vo cng trnh:
+
HNG GIO THOI EN CONG TRNH THAY OI, ANH HNG EN VUNG QUAN GIO
+
HNH DANG MAT BANG CONG TRNH TAC ONG EN HIEU QUA ON GIO
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
6.3.6)Tng cng thng gi: 6.3.6.6) Hnh khi cng trnh quan h vi vng lng gi v tc gi i vo cng trnh:
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
6.3.6)Tng cng thng gi: 6.3.6.7) Hnh khi cng trnh nh hng ti p lc gi tc ng n cu trc v bao che :
AP LC GIO LEN BE MAT CAU TRUC CONG TRNH CO Y NGHA : TANG TOC O GIO KHI I VAO BEN TRONG CONG TRNH. GIAI TOA LNG NHIET DO CAU TRUC CONG TRNH TRUYEN NGC TR LAI MOI TRNG ( OI LU & BC XA ).
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
6.3.6.8) Cao bn trong cng trnh quan h vi vng lng gi v tc gi i vo cng trnh:
NGHIEN CU MAT CAT CONG TRNH VI CAO O CAC KHONG GIAN KHAC NHAU E XAC NH VUNG C THONG GIO & VUNG LANG GIO.
AP LC
AP LC
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
XAC NH HNG CUA CONG TRNH CO LI NHAT VE YEU TO THONG GIO T NHIEN, CO XET EN VIEC HAN CHE YEU TO BAT LI CUA BC XA MAT TRI. XAC NH V TR CA HOAC CAU TRUC ON GIO. XAC NH V TR CA HOAC CAU TRUC THOAT GIO. XAC NH DIEN TCH VA TY LE GIA CA ON GIO & CA THOAT GIO. XAC NH GIAI PHAP CAU TAO HP LY CUA CA ON GIO, CA THOAT GIO CUNG NH CAC CAU TRUC ON GIO, THOAT GIO KHAC. XAC NH CAC VUNG KHONG GIAN BEN TRONG CONG TRNH U TIEN THONG GIO .
+
-
HNH THC THONG GIO CHEO GOC: XAY RA KHI CA ON GIO & CA THOAT GIO BO TR TREN HAI MAT TNG VUONG GOC VI NHAU. HNH THC THONG GIO MOT BEN: XAY RA KHI CA CH C BO TR DUY NHAT TREN MOT BE MAT TNG CUA CONG TRNH.
+
+
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
DIEN TCH CA ON & THOAT GIO CO Y NGHA OI VI TRNG GIO I VAO BEN TRONG CONG TRNH: LU LNG KHONG KH QUA KHONG GIAN BEN TRONG CONG TRNH. VAN TOC GIO I VAO BEN TRONG CONG TRNH. VUNG KHONG GIAN C THONG GIO BEN TRONG CONG TRNH. DIEN TCH CA ON & THOAT GIO KHONG NEN NHO HN 0,5 DIEN TCH BE MAT TNG BO TR CA. CHIEU CAO CUA CA SO NEN THIET KE T 0,4 - 0,5 CHIEU CAO CUA PHONG . KHI TANG CHIEU CAO CUA CA, VAN TOC GIO VUNG PHA TREN CUA TRNG GIO SE TANG LEN ONG THI VAN TOC GIO VUNG PHA DI CUA TRNG GIO SE GIAM, NHNG VAN CO LI DO VAN TOC GIO TRUNG BNH TANG.
TY LE DIEN TCH CA ON ( F.1 ) & CA THOAT GIO ( F.2 ) CO Y NGHA OI VI LU LNG VA VAN TOC GIO I VAO BEN TRONG CONG TRNH:
DIEN TCH CA ON GIO ( F.1 ) NEN NHO HN DIEN TCH CA THOAT GIO ( F.2 ) SE LAM CHO TRNG GIO TRONG CONG TRNH M RONG TRC KHI THOAT RA NGOAI.
TY LE DIEN TCH GIA CA ON GIO ( F.1 ) & CA THOAT GIO ( F.2 ) KHOANG 1,5 SE CO TAC DUNG LAM CHO VAN TOC CHUYEN ONG CUA KHONG KH TRONG CONG TRNH TANG LEN. DIEN TCH CA THOAT GIO M RONG, VAN TOC GIO XUYEN PHONG TANG THEO.
DIEN TCH CA ON GIO CANG LN, LU LNG GIO QUA KHONG GIAN BEN TRONG CONG TRNH CANG NHIEU & VAN TOC GIO AT C CANG CAO.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
TRNG HP A : TRNG GIO TRONG CONG TRNH CHA PHAN BO EU EN CAC KHU VC. TRNG HP B : TRNG GIO THU HEP TRC KHI THOAT RA, VAN TOC GIO TANG TRONG KHONG GIAN CONG TRNH. TRNG HP C : TRNG GIO M RONG TRC KHI THOAT RA NGOAI, VAN TOC GIO TANG TRONG KHONG GIAN CONG TRNH.
A : F.1 = F.2
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
DIEN TCH CA HAU NH KHONG ANH HNG EN DONG CHUYEN ONG CUA KHONG KH.
DIEN TCH CA ANH HNG EN DONG CHUYEN ONG CUA KHONG KH.
HNG GIO THOI EN ANH HNG EN TRNG GIO KHI I VAO BEN TRONG CONG TRNH V TR CA ANH HNG EN TRNG GIO KHI I VAO CONG TRNH.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
KET CAU CHE NANG ANH HNG EN TRNG GIO I VAO KHONG GIAN BEN TRONG CONG TRNH.
CHIEU CAO CA, CAU TRUC CHE NANG ANH HNG EN TRNG GIO TRONG KHONG GIAN.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
BO TR KET HP GIA CAY CO TAN & CAY BUI SE CO ANH HNG EN TRNG GIO I VAO BEN TRONG CONG TRNH.
CAY XANH CO TAC DUNG LAM THAY OI VAN TOC GIO & TRNG GIO KHI VAO CONG TRNH.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
THONG GIO T NHIEN BANG GIAI PHAP AP LC KH ONG & GIENG TRI
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
6.3.9) IEU KHIEN O TRE CUA DONG NHIET CHU KY TRONG MUA NONG:
E NHNG THI IEM NHIET O TRONG KET CAU (MAI VA TNG ) CAO NHAT TRONG NGAY KHONG RI VAO THI GIAN HOAT ONG CHU YEU CUA CON NGI, AP DUNG TUY THEO AC IEM HOAT ONG CUA CON NGI TRONG CAC KHONG GIAN CO CHC NANG KHAC NHAU. S DUNG CAC BIEN PHAP CAU TAO KET CAU, CHON VAT LIEU PHU THUOC VAO HNG CONG TRNH. CHIEN LC NAY AP DUNG E CHONG NONG.
6.3.11) CHONG ONG SNG TREN BE MAT KET CAU TRONG NHA:
ONG SNG MOT HIEN TNG VI KH HAU AC BIET THNG XAY RA TAI VUNG ONG BANG BAC BO HAOWCJ TRONG CAC PHONG KN CO IEU HOA NHIET O GAY KHO CHU CHO CON NGI VA GIAM IEU KIEN VE SINH CUA MOI TRNG KHONG KH TRONG PHONG. E CHONG ONG SNG CAN AP DUNG CAC BIEN PHAP CAU TAO, VAT LIEU HOAC THIET B.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CAY XANH LAM GIAM NHIET O KHONG KH , ONG THI LAM TANG O AM . OI VI KH HAU NONG, HIEU QUA LAM MAT LA DO HIEU QUA BAY HI, NHNG VI KH HAU NONG AM , HIEU QUA CHE BONG CO Y NGHA HN.
CHNG II: CC XU HNG KIN TRC NG I TRONG CHIN LC BO V MI TRNG & TIT KIM NNG LNG.
KET LUAN:
CAC GIAI PHAP THIET KE KIEN TRUC SINH KH HAU DA TREN C S KHOA HOC CUA 12 CHIEN LC AU LA NHNG GIAI PHAP QUY HOACH , KIEN TRUC, CAU TAO , VAT LIEU DO NHNG NGOI THIET KE E XUAT SAO CHO THCH NG VI KH HAU , VAN HOA, LAO ONG, TAP QUAN, LOI SONG, PHONG TUC CUA MOI VUNG VA CHC NANG CUA MOI CONG TRNH. BA CHIEN LC SAU CUNG NAY (13,14,15) LA THIEN VE GIAI PHAP THIET B , CONG NGHE.
CHNG III: PHN TCH MT S CNG TRNH THC T TI BNH DNG & TP.H CH MINH
1.1) TRNG THCS & PTTH PHAN CHU TRINH,D AN,BNH DNG
Kin trc ca trng THCS v PTTH Phan Chu Trinh ,D An, tnh Bnh Dng to ra h thng thng gi t nhin cho khng gian hnh lang. iu ny gip cc em hc sinh cm thy thin nhin nh bn cnh. Khu t ca trng nm trn trong mt khu rng xanh nh vi a dng nhng mng thc vt xanh.Mi ngi trng c ph bi lp c-chng bc x mt tri trc tip ln cng trnh,cng l ni vui chi ca hc sinh,c lan can bo v.Thit k bi cng ty TNHH V Trng Ngha. Ngi trng c din tch sn hn 6.560 m2 trong khu t khong 5.300 m2 vi chiu cao ti a l nm tng khng vt qu chiu cao ca cy ci trong khu rng xung quanh.Cng trnh c 2 n 5 tng ,to dc mi c th ln mi 1 cch d dng.Khi cng xy dng cng trnh 22-7-2009, Ngy 04-09-2010 khai ging kho hc u tin ca ngi trng ny.
PHI CNH
MT BNG CC TNG
MT NG
CHNG III: PHN TCH MT S CNG TRNH THC T TI BNH DNG & TP.H CH MINH
1.2) TRNG THCS & PTTH PHAN CHU TRINH,D AN,BNH DNG
CNG TRNH KT NI VI MT T MT IM CUI, MANG HNH DNG CH S, UN LN XUNG QUANH HAI KHONG SN VI HAI TNH CHT KHC NHAU. KHONG SN PHA TRC C DNG CHO KHNG GIAN CNG CNG DNH CHO S DNG CHO NHNG S KIN TRANG TRNG NH HI HP CA C TRNG. KHONG SN CN LI MANG TNH CHT RING T HN, HC SINH C TH LI NGI CHI VI NHAU.
MT CT CNG TRNH
TRC MT CNG TRNH C H NC RNG, SAU LNG L RNG CY MT M,TRN MT NG KTS S DNG NHNG LAM NG CHE NNG ,NH NNG HT VO LTY SNG HNH LANG,TO HIU NG BNG KH P MT,CC LAM NG NY VA C TC DNG CHE NNG LI C TC DNG LM HNH LANG BO V V A GI VO TN MI PHNG. TON B CNG TRNH C SN NC MU TRNG-HP TH NHIT RT THP-PHN X BXMT CAO,MI C CHE B LP C TRNG .CNG TRNH T C TON VN CC GII PHP THIT K TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG III: PHN TCH MT S CNG TRNH THC T TI BNH DNG & TP.H CH MINH 2) BIT TH TRONG KDC CHNH NGHA,TX,TH DU MT,T.BNH DNG
MT NG NGI NH
CHNG III: PHN TCH MT S CNG TRNH THC T TI BNH DNG & TP.H CH MINH 3)MINH SANG PLAZA,THUN GIAO,THUN AN,BNH DNG
MI LY SNG
CHNG III: PHN TCH MT S CNG TRNH THC T TI BNH DNG & TP.H CH MINH
4)CNG TRNH CHUNG C THUC D N KHU TH LIN HP THE CANARY,THUN AN,BNHDNG
CHNG III: PHN TCH MT S CNG TRNH THC T TI BNH DNG & TP.H CH MINH
5) SI GN CNG THNG NGN HNG,Q.1, TP. H CH MINH
MT NG CNG TRNH HNG V HNG TY, CHE NNG TRIT CNG TRNH GN THM H LAM NHM NG XUYN ( LC THIT K KHNG C-Y L LI CA NGI THIT K). TA THY LAM NHM CHE NNG V CNG HIU QU, NH NNG KHNG LT C VO K H NO
CHNG III: PHN TCH MT S CNG TRNH THC T TI BNH DNG & TP.H CH MINH
6) THC QUN PH NG NM TRONG KHU DU LCH SUI TIN,TP.H CH MINH
CNG TRNH C X DNG VT LIU A PHNG L TRE,MANG TNH THM M CAO,V C TNH CHT BN VNG, HIU QU KINH T XY DNG, 4 MT IU THNG THONG T NHIN , KG C KN,
CHNG III: PHN TCH MT S CNG TRNH THC T TI BNH DNG & TP.H CH MINH
7) MT S CAO C-TO THP TP. H CH MINH.
NGN HNG TMCP NGOI THNG VIT NAM( VIETCOMBANK CN BNH THNH,IN BIN PH,P.15, Q.BNH THNH,TP.HCM) GIM BC X MT TRI VO KNH ,TO NH DNG NHNG LAM NGANG LM GIM BT S CHIU VO CA MT TRI.
TO NH CCOTECONS, THNH,IN BIN PH,P.15, Q.BNH THNH,TP.HCM MT NG HON TON KNH KG H C GII PHP TIT KIM NNG LNG, KHNG HIU QU TRONG QU TRNH S DNG
PETROVIETNAM TOWER (I DIN THO CM VIN) : MT NG CNG TRNH S DNG KNH MU,KG H CHE CHNG NNG,VI IU KIN KH HU NNG M VIT NAM TH DNG KNH KHNG PH HP,LNG NNG NHIU GY HIU NG NH KNH NG THI GY PH X L CHO NGOI I NG RT KH CHU (MC D S DNG LOI KNH KHNG PHN X)
CHNG III: PHN TCH MT S CNG TRNH THC T TI BNH DNG & TP.H CH MINH
NHN XT NH CAO TNG ANG XY DNG VIT NAM:
CHNG IV: CNG TRNH NC NGOI THIT K THEO XU HNG TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG IV: CNG TRNH NC NGOI THIT K THEO XU HNG TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG IV: CNG TRNH NC NGOI THIT K THEO XU HNG TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG IV: CNG TRNH NC NGOI THIT K THEO XU HNG TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG IV: CNG TRNH NC NGOI THIT K THEO XU HNG TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG IV: CNG TRNH NC NGOI THIT K THEO XU HNG TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG IV: CNG TRNH NC NGOI THIT K THEO XU HNG TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG IV: CNG TRNH NC NGOI THIT K THEO XU HNG TIT KIM NNG LNG.
CHNG IV: CNG TRNH NC NGOI THIT K THEO XU HNG TIT KIM NNG LNG.