Name

The Change in the Suns Apparent Path with Seasons

The diagram below represents a model of the celestial sphere for an observer at 41.8o North. Arcs AB, CD, and EF represent the apparent path of the Sun as seen on three different days of the year. The altitude of Polaris is indicated. Zenith

West

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Label the horizon. Label east (90 azimuth) and west (270 azimuth). Label the zenith.
o o

East

Horizon

Draw an arrow from the horizon that shows the altitude to Polaris. Draw arrows on each arc indicating the apparent direction of the Suns apparent daily motion. Draw a line from the observer to Solar noon on the arc that follows the celestial equator of the sky. Which letters show the positions of sunrise? A, C, and E E-F Winter C-D Which arc shows sunrise in the northeast and sunset in the northwest? The path represented by arc AB is for the first day of which season?

10. The daily path of the Sun on an equinox is shown by which arc?

11. Based on the exact altitude of Polaris and the apparent movement of the noon Sun throughout the year of +23.5o and -23.5o relative to the celestial equator, calculate the maximum and minimum altitude of the noon Sun during the year. Altitude of the Celestial Equator is 48.2o (180o - 41.2o - 90o ) Maximum Altitude
48.2o +23.5o

71.7o

Minimum Altitude
48.2o - 23.5o

24.7o Rotation Revolution

12. What real Earth motion is responsible for the apparent daily path of the Sun?
o

13. What real Earth motion causes the seasonal change in the Suns apparent daily path?

14. If the inclination of Earths axis was 50 what would be the effect on the altitude of the Sun at solar noon on June 21? The altitude of Polaris would be 50o making the altitude of the sky equator lower (40o ). The Sun
would be 23.5o higher than the sky equator (only 63.5o ). This is lower than the present-day altitude on this date.
Professor Vorwald M ET 102 Suns Path W orksheet