Trng i Hc SPKTHY

Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

Ti

Qun L im cho Sinh Vin

Gio vin hng dn:

Nguyn Minh Qu

Nhm sinh vin thc hin:

Hong Th Thm Nguyn Th Ninh Trn Th Tuyt

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

Li ni u
Cng ngh thng tin l mt trong nhng ngnh khoa hc ngy cng c quan tm v s dng rng ri trong mi lnh vc ca cuc sng. Vi nhng u im mnh c th ng dng c nhiu trong cuc sng th cng ngh thng tin gip cho cng vic qun l c d dng hn. qun l mt cng vic c th ca mt c quan no th ngi qun l cn thc hin rt nhiu ng tc. Nh c cc phn mm th cng vic tr nn n gin hn rt nhiu. V d nh qun l c im ca sinh vin th ngi qun l cn lin tc cp nht im ca sinh vin. Thng tin v sinh vin nh: m sinh vin, gii tnh, nm sinh, qu qun, im thi. Cng vic lm ngi qun l rt vt v. Vi phn mm qun l im m chng ti nghin cu v xy dng trong bi tp ln sau y s phn no gip ch cho ngi qun l. Chng ti ch to phn mm p dng cho khoa CNTT ca trng HSP KTHY. y l mt ti nh ca chg ti. V s hiu bit v kinh nghim cn hn ch nn chc chn phn mm ca chng ti vn cn nhiu thiu st. Rt mong nhn c kin ng gp ca thy v cc bn. Chng ti xin chn thnh cm n !
Hng Yn, ngy 28 thng 05 nm 2007

Nhm sinh vin thc hin: Hong Th Thm Nguyn Th Ninh Trn Th Tuyt

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

MC LC

Phn I: XC NH YU CU CA BI TON..........................................................3 I. Kho st thc trng:.......................................................................................................4 II. C s d liu ca h thng...........................................................................................4 I. Lit k cc chc nng....................................................................................................6 II. Biu phn cp chc nng v biu lung d liu............................................7 PHN III: M HNH THC TH QUAN H.............................................................13 I.Cc khi nim ca m hnh quan h.............................................................................13 II. Quan h v m hnh quan h:..................................................................................13 III. p dng cho bi tp ln.........................................................................................14 PHN V: THIT K FORM.........................................................................................18

Phn I: XC NH YU CU CA BI TON
Trang:3 Nhm Thc hin: Hong Th Thm - Nguyn Th Ninh - Trn Th Tuyt (TK3)

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

I. Kho st thc trng: Hin nay, qun l im l mt cng vic ht sc quan trng i vi cc trng hc. Cng vic hin cn ang lm rt th cng ti mt s trng v chnh v th m n mang li hiu qu khng cao. Ngun kho st m chng ti thc t l khoa cng ngh thng tin ca trng HSPKTHY. Hin nay Khoa vn ang dng h thng qun l im trn Microsoft Excel. Cng vic hng ngy bao gm: Nhp im cho sinh vin, sa cha thng tin v im. In bng im, in danh sch Sinh vin , trt, t hc bng Lu tr thng tin ca cc bng im ca Sinh vin Cng vic qun l cn ht sc th cng v i hi nhiu k nng ca ngi qun l. V d: hng ngy, khi ngi qun l nhp im cho sinh vin, tnh ton, in danh sch theo yu cu ca nh trng: nhng sinh vin trt, t hc bng thi gian nhp thng tin mt nhiu, vic theo di, thng k, tng hp d b nhm ln, kh m bo tin cy Ngoi ra chng ti c tham kho mt s phn mm ca cc trn cc trang web ca cc trng H Nng nghip,... Chng ti thy phn mm ca h rt tin ch. Phn mm m chng ti xy dng s dng qun l im cho sinh vin trong mt khoa ca trng i hc. C th trng ta l khoa cng ngh thng tin. Nm nay, theo quy ch 25, cch tnh im s c mt s thay i so vi cc nm trc. Tu tng mn hc m ta c th p dng cch tnh im khc nhau: Vi nhng mn ch thc hnh: bao gm im thc ca nhm thc hnh, im bo v BTL ca tng thnh vin trong nhm. Vi nhng mn ch c l thuyt: bao gm im thi trnh ln1, im thi trnh ln2, im thi kt thc hc phn Vi nhng mn va l thuyt va thc hnh: bao gm im BTL, im thi kt thc hc phn Tu tng mn hc m im thi kt thc hc phn chim bao nhiu phn trm. Nhng theo quy ch mi, im ny khng c di 50% im tng kt. II. C s d liu ca h thng. nm c yu cu ca bi ton, chng ta cn hiu r nhng thng tin v c s d liu m bi ton cn. y, chng ti xin a ra nhng thng tin m phn mm qun l im cn c nh sau:
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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

2.1. Thng tin ca sinh vin: MaSV (m Sinh Vin), HotenSV (h tn Sinh Vin), Malop (m lp), NS (nm sinh), Que (qu qun), Gii (gii tnh), Ghichu (ghi ch) 2.2.Thng tin v im: MaMon (m mn hc), TenMon (tn mn hc), DVHT (n v hc trnh), Diemlan1 (im thi ln 1), Diemlan2 (im thi lan 2), DiemHT (im hc trnh), DiemBTL (im bi tp ln), DiemRL (im rn luyn) 2.3. Cc thng tin khc: Quy ch tnh im mi ( y chng ti ang xt cng thc tnh im theo quy ch 25), mt s thng tin khc
Yu cu ca h thng

thc hin nhng mc tiu trn chng ti thy phn mm cn phi t nhng yu cn sau: Vic ng nhp thng tin v truy nhp thng tin phi ht sc n gin v nhanh chng. a ra nhng danh sch, bng im mt cch chnh xc v y . Vic thao tc trn my tnh phi n gin v d s dng. Cc thng tin a ra phi d hiu v thun tic cho ngi qun l s dng my tnh c thun li v an ton. Phn mm qun l im bao gm cc thng tin qun l c cu trc. Qua phn tch chng ti a ra cc gii php thch hp v c th a h thng my tnh vo vic qun l.

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

PHN II: PHN TCH THIT K H THNG I. Lit k cc chc nng.

Qua nghin cu cng vic qun l im, v p ng cc yu cu trn chng ti lit k cc chc nng cn thit m h thng qun l thng tin cn phi p ng nh sau: 1. ng nhp y l phn xc nhn xem ngi no l ngi c th ng nhp vo phn mm ny cng nh vic phn quyn s dng cho tng ngi. ng nhp vo phn mm ny, bn phi s dng user name, password ca ring mnh xc nhn. 2. Tr gip Nu nh bn vn cha hiu r cch s dng phn mm ny bn c th click vo phn tr gip c hng dn cch s dng. 3. Tra cu Sau khi ng nhp thnh cng, y l phn bn tra cu nhng thng tin c lin quan n im ca sinh vin. 4. Nhp thng tin Mi phn mm khi qun l u cn c d liu u vo. Vi phn mm ca chng ti th yu cu nh qun l phi nhp nhng thng tin c lin quan n im ca sinh vin: Nhp thng tin ca sinh vin: MaSV, HotenSV, Malop, Que Nhp im: Mamon, Tenmon, DVHT, Diemlan1, Diemlan2, DiemHT... Nhp cng thc tnh im 5. X l thng tin Vi mi yu cu khc nhau th vic x l li khc nhau. tm kim Sinh vin ta c th tm kim theo tn, ngoi ra c th tm kim theo im nh: im trn trung bnh hay di trung bnh, t hc bng hay phi thi li hc li. Ta cng c th sp xp sinh vin theo tn, nhng cng c th sp xp sinh vin theo im vi cc tiu ch nh phn tm kim. Sa im, chn, lu tr, xo sinh vin cng c th thc hin mt cch r rng, n gin sau khi nhp thng tin ca sinh vin.
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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

6. Bo co Phn mm gip ngi qun l a ra c nhng vn cn bo co nh sau: Bo co DSSV theo tn, theo im. Bo co DSSV thi li, hc li Bo co DS im ca sinh vin trong tng k, tng kho hc Tm li, vic phn tch thit k h thng ht sc quan trng. Phi lm r c tnh hnh c th, ra phng hng gii quyt c th c tnh mc ni thng tin cht ch th khi p dng phn mm vo cc h thng my tnh mi khng xa ri thc t. Qua nghin cu v kho st chng ti xy dng biu phn cp chc nng v biu lung d liu m chng ti s trnh by phn sau. II. Biu phn cp chc nng v biu lung d liu.
Qun L im

1 ng nhp

2 Tr gip

3 Tra cu

4 Nhp thng tin

5 X l thng tin

6 Bo co

4.1. Nhp tt SV

5.1. Tm kim

6.1In bng im

4.2.Nhp im

5.2. Sp xp

6.2. In DSSV

4.3. Nhp CT tnh im

5.3. Sa im

Hnh 1. Biu phn cp chc nng

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

Bng im

Tr gip Yu cu Tr li ng nhp Tr li Tr li Thng tin tra cu

DSSV

Nhp thng tin Thng tin cn nhp ng nhp Tr li Ngi qun l Yu cu Tr li yu cu

Ngi dng

ng nhp

Thng tin cn x l

Tra cu

X l thng tin

Bo co

Bng im

DSSV

Bng im

Hnh 2. Biu lung d liu Mc 0

Ngi tra cu

Qun l im

Tr li

Ngi qun l

Trang:8 Nhm Thc hin: Hong Th Thm - Nguyn Th Ninh - Trn Th Tuyt (TK3)

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

Mc 1
DSSV

Bng im

Thng tin ngi dng

5. X l thng tin Tr li

Thng tin cn x l

Ngi tra cu Thng tin cn tra cu Tr gip Tr li

1. ng nhp

Ngi qun l

2. Tr gip

Thng tin v SV

Kt qu

3. Tra cu
DSSV Bng im

4. Nhp thng tin

Tr li

Bng im DS bo co Kt qu

6. Bo co

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

BLD nh ngha cho chc nng 1.

Ngi tra cu

1. ng nhp

Ngi qun l

BLD cho chc nng 2.

Yu cu Ngi tra cu 2. Tr gip Tr li

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

BLD cho chc nng 4.

Thng tin v Sinh Vin 4.1. Nhp thng tin SV

DSSV

Ngi qun l

im

4.2. Nhp im

Bng im

Cc cng thc mi

4.3. Nhp cng thc tnh im

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

BLD nh ngha cho chc nng 5

Tm kim theo tn

Kt qu

Tm kim theo m Sp xp theo im

5.1. Tm kim

Bng im

Ngi qun l 5.2. Sp xp

Sp xp theo tn

Kt qu

Kt qu DSSV

Sa i im Kt qu Bng im

5.3. Sa i

Trang:12 Nhm Thc hin: Hong Th Thm - Nguyn Th Ninh - Trn Th Tuyt (TK3)

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

PHN III: M HNH THC TH QUAN H

Trc ht ta nh ngha l m hnh thc th quan h: M hnh thc th quan h: l m hnh dng biu din cc c s d liu, trong c s d liu bao gm cc thc th (entity) v mi quan h (relation). M hnh thc th quan h biu din mt cch h thng cc khi nim (nhng nim lgic).

I. Cc khi nim ca m hnh quan h

M hnh quan h xut pht t ba khi nim c bn: thc th, lin kt v thuc tnh. - Thc th (entity): thc th l mt i tng, vt th c th hay tru tng, tn ti thc s v kh n nh trong th gii thc, m ta mun phn nh n trong h thng thng tin. -Thuc tnh (attribute/ propepty): l mt gi tr dng m t c im mt kha cnh no ca cc thc th. - Thuc tnh c phn ra lm nhiu loi nh sau: Thuc tnh n (simple attribute): ch c th m t mt c tnh. V d nh: MSV, NS. Thuc tnh tng hp (composite attribute):l thuc tnh c th m t nhiu thuc tnh .V d thuc tnh h v tn. Thuc tnh n tr (simple value attribute):l thuc tnh duy nht m mi thc th c. Thuc tnh a tr (multi value attribute): l thuc tnh c th lp li ng vi mi thc th. V d nh st, email (mt ngi c th c nhiu st, email). Thuc tnh dn xut (perived attribute): l thuc tnh c th c suy t ci khc. v d nh im trung bnh, tng s. - Lin kt (association): Mt lin kt l mt s gom nhm cc thc th trong mi thc th c mt vai tr nht nh.

II.

Quan h v m hnh quan h:

- M hnh quan h cho ta bit mi quan h gia cc thc th, cho ta c ci nhn r hn v cc thc th. - Mi quan h: l s lin kt gia cc thc th vi nhau. Quy trnh xy dng m hnh E- R
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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

Bc 1: Lit k cc c trng ca n, chnh xc ho v la chn thng tin ca cc h s. Bc 2: c mt danh sch cc thuc tnh c chnh xc ho, chn lc - Tm thc th v cc thuc tnh ca n: - Loi cc thuc tnh c chon khi danh sch cc thuc tnh. Bc 3: Xc nh cc mi quan h gia cc thc th d xc nh bc 2. Bc 4: V s m hnh E-R v xc nh bn s cho cc thc th tham gia vo trong cc quan h. trc ht v thc th, sau v mi quan h. Bc 5: Chun ho s v thu gn s . Sau khi v s ta c th chun ho s nu trong c cc thuc tnh lp.

III.

p dng cho bi tp ln

Bi tp ca chng ti nghin cu v qun l im ca sinh vin, c th l ca sinh vin khoa CNTT ca trng HSPKTHY. Nhng thc th quan h trong bi tp ln gm c: tblsinhvien ( masv, hoten, nsinh, gioitinh, quequan) tbliem ( masv, mamon, diemthi, diemthilai, ghichu) tbl monhoc ( mamon, tenmonhoc, donvihoctrinh) tblnguoiquanly ( tenNQT, username, password, quyenhan) Cc thuc tnh ny c mi lin h vi nhau gip cho ngi qun l c th qun l im vi mt s chc nng sau: Nhp thng tin cho sinh vin vi cc c tnh lin quan chnh l cc thuc tnh ca cc trng d liu trong bng sinhvien v iem. X l thng tin lin quan n sinh vin nh: qu qun, nm sinh ca sinh vin, cc thng tin v im thi ca sinh vin. Ngi qun l c th in thng tin ca sinh vin vi cc c tnh . Ngi qun tr phi ng nhp username, password tng ng vi mi sinh vin. gip cho ngi qun l c th thc hin c nhng chc nng trn th cc thc th quan h trn phi c nhng mi quan h lin kt vi nhau. chnh l mi quan h E/R, t ta c bng m t lin kt gia cc thuc tnh. T ta c bng lin kt, m hnh thc th lin kt E/R m t mi quan h gia cc thuc tnh nh sau:

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

Mn Hc M mn hc Tn mn hc *
H c C 1 * Bng im G m C 1

Lp M Lp Tn Lp
1

* Sinh Vin M Sinh Vin Tn Sinh Vin * Nm sinh Gii tnh Qu M Lp M mn hc

M SV Tn SV M Lp M mn hc im ln I im ln II im KThc Tng im M nh QL K

Tr a c u

In

*
C a 1

*
X l thn g tin 1

Ngi Qun L M nh QL Tn nh QL User name Password

Hc K K Nm

Lc d liu theo m hnh E/A Ch : - Ch c ngi qun l mi c quyn thay i thng tin trn bng im. Sinh vin ch c ng nhp v tra cu thng tin.
Trang:15 Nhm Thc hin: Hong Th Thm - Nguyn Th Ninh - Trn Th Tuyt (TK3)

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

- Cc trng gch chn l t kha PHN IV: THIT K FILE D LIU

Qua nghin cu t biu lung d liu n biu E/A, chng ti a ra cc file c s d liu sau cho phn mm qun l ca mnh. III.1.BangDiem. File ny c chc nng lu tr thng tin v im ca Sinh vin. STT Tn cc trng 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 MaSV TenSV MaQL Dieml1 Dieml2 Diemkt Diemtk Ky Malop Mamh Kiu d liu Char Varchar Char Int Int Int Int Char Char Char rng 10 50 10 4 4 4 4 10 10 10 ngha M sinh vin Tn sinh vin M ngi Qun l im thi ln 1 im thi ln 2 im thi kt thc hc phn im tng kt Hc k my M lp M mn hc

III.2. BangSinhVien. File ny c chc nng lu tr thng tin c nhn ca Sinh vin. STT Tn cc trng 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 MaSV TenSV Malop Mamh NS Que Ghichu Kiu d liu Char Varchar Char Char Datetime Varchar Varchar Kch thc 10 50 10 10 8 50 50 ngha M sinh vin Tn sinh vien M lp M mn hc Nm sinh Qu qun Ghi ch

III.3. BangMonHoc File ny c chc nng lu tr thng tin v cc mn hc. STT Tn cc trng Kiu d liu Kch thc ngha

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

1 Mamh Char 10 2 Tenmh Varchar 50 III.4. BangLop. File ny c chc nng lu tr thng tin v cc lp hc. STT Tn cc trng 1 2 Malop Tenlop Kiu d liu Char Varchar Kch thc 10 50

M mn hc Tn mn hc

ngha M lp Tn lp

III.5. BangQL File ny c ch nng lu tr thng tin c nhn ca ngi Qun L. STT Tn cc trng 1 2 3 MaQL TenQL Password Kiu d liu Char Varchar Char Kch thc 10 50 20 ngha M nh qun l Tn ngi qun l M ng nhp ca ngi qun l

III.6. BangHocKy File ny c chc nng lu tr thng tin v tng k hc. STT Tn cc trng 1 2 Hocky Nam Kiu d liu Byte Datetime Kch thc 8 4 ngha Hc k Nm hc

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

Ta c Biu quan h:

PHN V: THIT K FORM

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

Tip theo chng ta phi thit k form cho chng trnh sao cho h thng hot ng c hiu qu. Nh vy chng ta phi thit k sao cho giao din gia ngi v my tht tt, s dng d dng, thut tin cho ngi trc tip qun l phn mm. Ngoi ra cn phi m bo cho h thng vn hnh tt, khng b trc trc v thng tin, hn ch sai st trong cc thao tc k thut. V phn mm thit k rt nhiu from nn chng ti ch a ra i din mt vi form s dng trong chng trnh: Thit k form ban u khi chy phn mm:

Chc nng ca cc nt lnh: Tn nt lnh ngha ng nhp vo h thng ng nhp Ra khi h thng Thot Hng dn s dng phn mm Tr gip

S kin Click Click Click

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

Thit k form cho chc nng ng nhp:

Cc chc nng ca nt lnh: Tn nt lnh ngha Quay v form giao din ngi dng Quay li ng ng nhp vo h thng ng

S kin Click Click

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

Thit k from cho chc nng nhp thng tin:

Chc nng ca cc nt lnh: Tn cc nt lnh ngha Lu thng tin va ng nhp Lu li Quay v form trc Quay li Nhp thng cho sinh vin mi Nhp mi

S kin Click Click Click

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

Thit k form cho chc nng x l thng tin:

Chc nng ca cc nt lnh: Tn cc nt ngha lnh Cho php tm kim thng tin v sinh vin Tm kim Tm kim theo tn, theo m Cho php sp xp danh sch theo danh sch Sp xp sinh vin theo tn, theo im Cho php chn, them, xa, sa thng tin Sa i Quay li form trc Quay li Thot khi h thng Thot

S kin Click Click Click Click Click

Thit k form cho chc nng tm kim

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

Chc nng ca cc nt lnh: Tn cc nt lnh Quay li ng

Bng phn cng cng vic ca tng thnh vin trong nhm thc hin:
STT

Tn thnh vin

Cng vic thc hin Phn tch yu cu ngi dng, v v biu Phn cp chc nng v biu lung d liu. (Phn I + II trong bi tp ln) M hnh thc th quan h, thit k file d liu. (Phn III +IV trong bi tp ln)

nh gi ca gio vin

1 Hong Th Thm

Nguyn Th Ninh

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Phn Tch Thit K H Thng

Trn Th Tuyt

Thit k giao din v x l form. (Phn V trong bi tp ln)

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