COMBUSTION CHAMBERS

COMBUSTION CHAMBERS- SI Engines The design of combustion chamber has an important influence upon the engine performance and its knock properties. The design of combustion chamber involves the shape of the combustion chamber, the location of the sparking plug and the disposition of inlet and exhaust valves. Because of the importance of combustion chamber design, it has been a subject of considerable amount of research and development in the last fifty years. It has resulted in raising the compression ratio from 4: 1 before the First World War period to 8: 1 to 11:1 in present times with special combustion Chamber designs and suitable anti-knock fuels. BASIC REQUIREMENTS OF A GOOD COMBUSTION The basic requirements of a good combustion chamber are to provide: High power output High thermal efficiency and low specific fuel consumption Smooth engine operation Reduced exhaust pollutants.

HIGHER POWER OUTPUT REQUIRES THE FOLLOWING: igh compression ratio. The compression ratio is limited by the phenomenon of detonation. Detonation depends on the design of combustion chamber and fuel quality. Any change in design that improves the anti-knock characteristics of a combustion chamber permits the use of a higher compression ratio which should result in higher output and efficiency. mall or no excess air. omplete utilization of the air no dead pockets. n optimum degree of turbulence. Turbulence is induced by inlet flow configuration or squish . Squish is the rapid ejection of gas trapped between the piston and some flat or corresponding surface in the cylinder head. Turbulence induced by squish is preferable to inlet turbulence since the volumetric efficiency