Chương 11 - CSCNMT

TRNG I HC TI NGUYN V MI TRNG TP.
HCM KHOA MI TRNG
C S CNG NGH MI TRNG

Chng 11.
X L NC THI BNG PHNG PHP SINH HC
Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC
Phng php sinh ha thng dng loi cc cht phn tn nh, keo v ha tan hu c (i khi c v c) khi nc thi. Phng php ny da vo kh nng sng ca vi sinh vt: vsv s dng cc cht hu c c trong nc thi lm ngun dinh dng nh carbon, nit, pht pho, kali... Trong qu trnh dinh dng cc vi sinh vt s nhn cc cht xy dng t bo v sinh nng lng nn sinh khi ca n tng ln. Phng php sinh hc thuc nhm cc phng php phn hy v cc cht bn trong nc thi s b phn hy ch yu theo cc phn ng oxi ha v mt t theo cc phn ng kh. Cc sn phm to thnh sau khi phn hy s c loi khi nc thi dng kh, cn lng hoc cn li trong nc nhng khng c.
11.1. C S LA CHN QU TRNH SINH HC
Cc loi nc thi sinh hot, nc thi th, nc thi mt s ngnh cng nghip (thc phm, thy sn, ch bin nng sn, l m, chn nui, v c th c cng nghip giy) c cha nhiu cht hu c ha tan gm hidratcacbon,
protein v cc hp cht cha N phn hy t protein, cc

dng cht bo, cng mt s cht v c nh H2S, cc
sunfit, Amniac v cc hp cht cha N khc c th c

x l theo phng php sinh hc.
Phng php x l sinh hc nc thi da trn c s hot ng ca vi sinh vt phn hy cc cht hu c nhim bn nc. Do vy, iu kin u tin v v cng quan trng l nc thi phi l mi trng sng ca qun th vi sinh vt phn hy cc cht hu c c trong nc thi. Mun m bo iu kin ny, nc thi phi: - Khng c cht c lm cht hoc c ch h vi sinh vt trong nc thi. Trong s cc cht c phi ch n cc kim loi nng. Theo mc c hi ca cc kim loi, sp xp chng theo th t: Sb>Ag>Cu>Hg>Co>Ni>Pb>Cr3+>V> Cd>Zn>Fe
Nc thi a vo x l sinh hc c 2 thng s c trng l BOD v COD. T s ca 2 thng s ny phi l: COD/BOD 2 hoc BOD/COD 0,5; mi c th a vo x l sinh hc (hiu kh). Nu COD ln hn BOD nhiu ln, trong nu c xenlulo, hemixenlulo, protein, tinh bt cha tan th phi qua x l sinh hc k kh.
Vic phn loi cc qu trnh sinh hc ph thuc vo c tnh
ca tng loi b phn ng sinh ha. Cc b x l nc thi bng phng php sinh hc c phn loi thnh 2 nhm chnh, ph thuc vo cch thc sinh trng ca vi sinh vt trong mi trng: l lng hay bm dnh. + Qu trnh sinh trng l lng: VSV phat trien trong bn hot tnh iu kin hiu kh ( nh lm thong kh, sc hay thi kh v khuy o) v iu kin k kh (nh sc CO2, khuy o hoc cho dng chy ngc). + Qu trnh sinh trng bm dnh: VSV phat trien trong mng sinh hc iu kin hiu kh v k kh. [2]
11.2. CC YU T NH HNG N QU TRNH SINH HC
Nhit pH Ti trng cht hu c Thi gian lu (nc/bn)
Cht ty ra
Kim loi nng
Cc nhn t c ch qu trnh pht trin ca VSV
11.3. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN T NHIN 11.3.1. H sinh hc

a. Cc loi h sinh hc H hiu kh
- H lm thong t nhin:
H k kh
H hiu kh - k kh
H hiu kh Lm thong t nhin Lm thong nhn to
+ Oxi cung cp ch yu do s khuch tn khng kh qua mt nc + Chiu su: 30 40cm + Chu c BOD: 250 300kg/ha.ngy + Thi gian lu nc: 3 12 ngy

a. Cc loi h sinh hc H hiu kh
H k kh
- H lm thong nhn to: + Oxi cung cp ch yu do thit b
H hiu kh - k kh
H hiu kh Lm thong t nhin Lm thong nhn to
+ Chiu su: 2 4.5m

+ Chu c BOD: 400kg/ha.ngy + Thi gian lu nc: 1 3 ngy

b. Cc loi h sinh hc H hiu kh k kh
-Xy ra song song 2 qu trnh phn hy hiu kh v phn hy k kh - Chiu su: 0.9 1.5m, chia lm 3 vng + Vng hiu kh
+ Vng trung gian

+ Vng K kh - T l chiu di/rng: 1:1, 2:1
- Ngun cung cp oxi ch yu l to

- Ph lp t st 15cm nu y h d thm - B h c mi dc v trng c
- Tnh ton
11.3. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN T NHIN 11.3.2. Cnh ng lc, cnh ng ti
Ti nc thi ln b mt ca mt cnh ng vi lu lng tnh ton t c mt mc x l no thng qua qu trnh l, ha v sinh hc t nhin ca h t - nc - thc vt
C ch l hc: qu trnh lc ca cc ht t v qu trnh bc hi

C ch ha hc: hp ph v kt ta l hai c ch x l ha hc quan trng nht trong qu trnh.
C ch sinh hc: cc qu trnh sinh hc thng din ra phn r ca thm thc vt. S lng vi khun trong t bin thin t 1-3 t/g t, s a dng ca chng cng gip cho qu trnh phn hy cc cht hu c.
Cc mm bnh, k sinh trng b tiu dit do tn ti bn ngoi k ch mt thi gian di, cnh tranh vi cc vi sinh vt t, b tiu dit bi tia UV trong bc x mt tri.
11.3. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN T NHIN 11.3.2. Cnh ng lc, cnh ng ti
11.4. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN NHN TO 11.4.1 Qu trnh sinh hc hiu kh a. Khi nim v cc yu t nh hng Phng php sinh hc hiu kh l phng php s dng cc vi sinh vt hiu kh phn hu cc cht hu c Qu trnh phn hy cht hu c ca vi sinh vt hiu kh c th m t bng s :
(CHO)nNS + O2 CO2 + H2O + NH4+ + H2S + T bo vi sinh vt + ... H
11.4. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN NHN TO 11.4.1 Qu trnh sinh hc hiu kh 3 giai on ca qu trnh sinh hc hiu kh
Giai on 1- Oxy ha ton b cht hu c c trong nc thi p ng nhu cu nng lng ca t bo CxHyOzN + (x + y/4 + z/3 + ) O2 xCO2 + [(y-3)/2] H2O + NH3 Giai on 2 (Qu trnh ng ha)- Tng hp xy dng t bo Men CxHyOzN + NH3 + O2 xCO2 + C5H7NO2 Giai on 3 (Qu trnh d ha)- H hp ni bo Men Men Men C5H7NO2 + 5O2 xCO2 + H2O ; NH3 + O2 O2 + HNO2 HNO3 Khi khng c cht qu trnh chuyn ho cc cht ca t bo bt u xy ra bng s t oxi ha cht liu t bo.
11.4. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN NHN TO 11.4.1 Qu trnh sinh hc hiu kh
a. Khi nim v cc yu t nh hng
Nhit
Kim loi nng Oxi Cht dinh dng pH
Nhit
-Tc phn ng oxy ha sinh ha tng khi nhit tng - Nhit thng duy tr trong khong 20 30oC
- Nu nhit tng qu ngng s lm vi khun b cht

- Nu nhit thp hn ngng th vi khun pht trin chm
Nhit
Bn hot tnh c kh nng hp th cc mui kim loi nng Hot ng sinh ha b gim do s pht trin mnh ca vi khun dng si lm cho bn hot tnh b phng ln c tnh vi VSV: Sb > Ag > Cu > Hg > Co Ni Pb > Cr3+ > V Cd > Zn > Fe Khi nc thi cha mt s cht c th tnh ton cc cng trnh x l s tnh theo cht c nht
Nhit
oxi ha cht hu c, vi sinh vt cn c oxi v ch s dng oxi ha tan cung cp oxi, tin hnh khuch tn dng khng kh thnh cc bng nh phn b u trong khi cht lng
Nhit
c phn ng sinh ha, nc thi cn cha hp cht ca cc nguyn t dinh dng v vi lng Cc nguyn t: N, S, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Cl. Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Co, Zn, Cu Trong N, P, v K l cc nguyn t ch yu, cn phi m bo lng cn thit Nu thiu N, cn tr qu trnh sinh ha v to bn hot tnh kh lng Nu thiu P vi khun dng si pht trin Bn ni BOD:N:P = 100:5:1
Nhit
Kim loi nng Oxi Cht dinh dng pH pH cng nh hng rt ln n qu trnh to men trong t bo v qu trnh hp th cht
dinh dng vo t bo
a s vi sinh vt, pH ti u t 6.8 8.5
b. B Aerotank Nguyn l hot ng
Phi m bo bn hot tnh trng thi l lng
Phi m cung cp bo lng oxi Thi gian lu nc khng qu 12h
B lng 2
Nc vo Nc ra
Aerotank
Bn tun hon
Bn d
b. B Aerotank Phn loi Aerotank
C nhiu cch phn loi b aerotank:

Da vo ch thy ng lc: + Aerotank y + Aerotank khuy trn + Aerotank trung gian
Theo phng php ti sinh bn hot tnh:
Nc vo Aerotank Lng II
Nc ra
Bn tun hon S 1
Nc vo Aerotank Ngn phc hi bn Bn d Lng II Bn d Nc ra
Bn tun hon
S 2
Theo ti lng bn: + Ti trng cao + Ti trng trung bnh + Ti trng thp
Theo chiu dn nc thi:

+ Xui chiu
+ Ngc chiu
Theo s bc:
Nc vo
Aerotank Lng II
Nc ra
Bn tun hon
Bn d Nc vo
X s c
Aerotank Bc 1 Bn tun hon
Lng II Bc 1
Aerotank Bc 2 Bn tun hon
Lng II Bc 2
Nc ra
Bn d
Bn d
b. B Aerotank Thit b cung cp kh
Cnh khuy
Tua bin
My nn kh
a phn phi kh
c. Thp lc sinh hc nh git Nguyn l hot ng
Kh
Kh
Nc vo
Nc ra
Bn
c. Thp lc sinh hc nh git Tnh ton Cng sut oxi ha c th ly theo bng 5 - 12
Nhit trung bnh nm ca khng kh
Cng sut oxi ha (CO) (g/m3.ng)
6<tkk<10oC tkk10oC tkk 10oC (t1)
250 300 CO = 300xt1/10oC
d. a lc sinh hc Nguyn l lm vic
a lc
- a lc l nhng tm nha, g, ng knh 2- 4m, dy di 10mm ghp vi nhau thnh khi 30 40mm - a lc c b tr thnh dy ni tip quay u trong b cha nc thi
- Vn tc quay ca a t 1 2 vng/pht
a lc sinh hc
d. a lc sinh hc c tnh k thut
c tnh Ti trng thy lc q, m3/m2 b mt a.ngy Vn tc quay ca a, m/s T l th tch b cha/din tch b mt a, m3/m2 Phn din tch b mt a ngp nc, % S dy a Khe h gia cc a, cm ng knh a, m
Gi tr 0.03 0.16 0.3 0.005 40 4 2-3 1-4
e. Mng oxi ha L dng ci tin ca b Aeroten khuy trn hon chnh, lm thong ko di vi bn hot tnh l lng chuyn ng tun hon trong mng
-
Hnh ch nht kt hp vi hnh trn Chiu su ty thuc vo cng sut bm
Vn tc v 0.25 0.3m/s, chiu su = 14m, rng 2 6m

-
Thi gian lu nc: 24 36 gi
f. B lng II Nhim v - Chn gi bng bn hot tnh hay mng sinh hc Chn gi cc thnh phn ha tan cha c gi li b lng t 1
-
B lng t II l mt cng trnh n v trong dy chuyn x l nc thi bng phng php sinh hc
-
f. B lng II
Cc thng s thit k c trng cho b lng 2:

Ti trng b mt (m3/m2.ngy m) Ti trng bn (kg/m2.h)
Trung bnh 3.9 5.8 0.98 4.9 2.9 4.9 3.9 5.8 Ln nht 9.7 6.8 7.8 9.7 Chiu su (m) 3.7 6.0 3.7 6.0 3.0 4.5 3.0 4.5
Loi x l Aerotank Aerotank tng cng Lc sinh hc RBC
Trung bnh 16 32 8 16 16 24 16 32
Ln nht 40 48 24 32 40 48 40 48
11.4. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN NHN TO 11.4.2. Qu trnh sinh hc k kh a. Khi nim v cc yu t nh hng
Qu trnh phn hy k kh l qu trnh phn hy sinh hc cht hu c trong iu kin khng c oxy. Phn hy k kh c th chia lm 4 giai an xy ra ng thi trong qu trnh phn hy k kh cht hu c: - Thy phn
- Acid ha - Acetic ha -Metan ha Qu trnh phn hu k kh cht bn c th m t bng s tng qut:
(CHO)n NS CO2 + H2O + CH4 + NH4 + H2 + H2S + T bo VSV +
Cht hu c phc tp (Gluxit, Protein, Lipit)
Cht hu c n gin (ng n, Peptit, Axit amin, Glixerin, Axit bo)
Cc Axit bo d bay hi (Propionic, Butiric, Lactic ), Etanol H2, CO2 CH4, CO2, H2O Axetat
Qu trnh phn hu cht hu c trong iu kin k kh
S phn ng xy ra trong qu trnh sinh hc k kh
11.4. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN NHN TO 11.4.2. Qu trnh sinh hc k kh a. Khi nim v cc yu t nh hng Thy Phn
Phc cht Cht kh tan
Enzyme
Cht n gin Cht ha tan
Qu trnh ny xy ra chm. Tc thy phn ph thuc vo: - pH - Kch thc ht - c tnh d phn hy ca c cht.
=> Cht bo thy phn rt chm.
11.4. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN NHN TO 11.4.2. Qu trnh sinh hc k kh a. Khi nim v cc yu t nh hng Acid ha
CO2
Cht n gin Cht ha tan
Cht n gin hn
H2O
H2S NH3
pH s gim xung, c th n 4
11.4. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN NHN TO 11.4.2. Qu trnh sinh hc k kh a. Khi v cc ccyu yu t nh hng 6.1.2.1 Khinim nim v t nh hng Acetic ha
SP ca acid ha
CO2
CH3COOH
H2
Metan ha
CH3COOH
H2O
CO2 CH4
HCO3-
H2
CH4
OH-
H2O
11.4. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN NHN TO 11.4.2. Qu trnh sinh hc k kh a. Khi v cc yu t nh hng 6.1.2.1. Cc nim yu t nh hng
Nhit
Liu lng bn Tc khuy trn T s C/N pH
Nhit ti u l 35oC. Khi nhit di 10oC vi khun mtan khng hot ng Nguyn liu np cn c hm lng cht rn t 7 9% Khuy trn c tc dng phn b u dinh dng v to iu kin tip xc tt vi vi sinh, gii phng sn phm T s C/N ti u: (25 30)/1 pH ti u: 6.5 7.5
11.4. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN NHN TO 11.4.2. Qu trnh sinh hc k kh b. B t hoi
Dng x l s b nc thi sinh hot ca cc cn h, khu vn phng Theo kiu truyn thng, b t hoi thng gm 2 ngn: t hoi v lng Theo kiu ci tin, b t hoi c thm ngn lc
11.4. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN NHN TO 11.4.2. Qu trnh sinh hc k kh
c. B UASB:
Quy trnh hot ng Phn b bn Qu trnh lng Ch tiu thit k
Kh gas
Nc ra
Nc vo
c. B UASB:
- Bn hnh thnh 2 vng r rt:
+ chiu cao b tnh t y ln, bn hnh

thnh do cc ht keo t nng 5 7% + Trn lp ny l bn l lng vi nng 1000 3000mg/l gm cc bng cn gia lp bn y v lp bn tun hon t ngn lng ri xung + Trn mt tip gip vi pha kh, nng bn b nht - hnh thnh khi bn hot tnh nng Thi gian vn hnh khi ng t 3 4 thng
c. B UASB:
- Hn hp vi sinh ym kh trng thi trn ln 3 pha: nc, kh, bn - a nc ra khi b, phi tch kh ra bng cc tm tch kh t nghing 55o
- Th tch ngn lng c tnh vi thi gian lu nc 1h

- Tng chiu cao ngn lng 2m
c. B UASB:
Khi thit k b UASB v b lc ym kh

c th tham kho s liu bng 5 21
Ngun nc thi
Nc thi sinh hot
COD u vo, mg/l

500 800
Thi gian lu nc, h

4 10
Ti trng COD, Hiu qu kh kgCOD/m3.ngy COD, %

4 10 70 75
Nh my ru, men ru
Ch bin bt khoai ty Ch bin sa
20.000
4.500 7.000 3.000 3.400
5 10
5 10 5 10
14 15
89 12
60
75 80 80
Nh my ha cht hu c tng hp
Ch bin rau v hoa qu Giy cc loi Ch bin hi sn
18.000
5 10
79
90
8.300 7.700 2.300 3.000
5 10 5 10 5 10
18 12 8 10
55 80 75 - 80
Bng 5 21: S liu k thut t kt qu vn hnh b UASB v b lc ym kh
11.4. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN NHN TO 11.4.2. Qu trnh sinh hc k kh d. B lc sinh hc k kh:
- S dng vt liu lc ni polyspirene, ng knh 3 5mm, dy 2m

- Nc c phn phi u trn din tch y b - Dng nc i t di ln tip xc vi khi bn l lng, v khi ht lc c vi khun bm dnh - Cht hu c s b hp th v phn hy - Bn cn c gi li trong khe rng ca lp lc, sau 2- 3 thng s x bn d 1 ln
Kh ra Nc ra
Vt liu lc ni
Nc thi
Cn l lng
NGUN CACBON
B K KH
NH4+ N hu c
PHA HIU KH
NO3-
PHA THIU KH
Kh N2
NITRAT HA LOI B N TNG
KH NITRAT
T qu trnh chuyn ha P, c 2 c ch loi b P trong nc thi: Trong qu trnh hiu kh, P tch ly trong bn c x l. X bn c cha P d c tch ly sinh hc. Hiu qu kh P ph thuc vo hm lng P tch ly trong bn d. Trong iu kin k kh, P c tch ra khi bn v tan vo nc thi. Nc thi c hm lng P cao c x l bng phng php ha l (kt ta bng phn nhm, st hoc vi,) ti b lng tip xc (b lng kt hp keo t).
1. Kho st lu lng x thi ca mt nh my thu c bng thng s sau. Xc nh lu lng x thi ln nht, nh nht v trung bnh ca nh my. 2. Nc thi ca nh my c cc thng s nhim sau: BOD = 545 mg/L; COD = 650 mg/L, SS = 88 mg/L. Nc thi ca nh my c x l qua h thng x l nc thi c s cng ngh nh bng sau. Hiu sut x l ca cc cng trnh c cho nh trong bng: Ch tiu Hiu sut (%)
SCR BOD H gom B iu ha Lng 1 B aerotank
COD SS
2 5 0
0 0 0
3 6 4
7 8 15
88.5 95 --
Bi tp
Bit rng cc gi tr o c ca nc thi sau khi ra khi b lng 2 l COD =24,3 mg/L; BOD = 52,64 mg/L, hiu sut x l BOD v COD ca h thng x l nc thi ln lt l 90.34% v 96,3% (d d liu). a. Ti lng tnh ton thit k b Aerotank l L = 5kgCOD/m3.ngy. Tnh ton th tch b.Aerotank. b. Xc nh hiu sut x l BOD, COD ca b lng 2. c. Nc thi ca nh my x thi vo h thng cng ca khu vc dn c gn nh my. Hi nc thi ca nh my sau x l phi t quy chun no (ngnh ngh sn xut ca nh my khng nm trong nhm ngnh c quy chun nc thi ring). Cc ch tiu nhim BOD, COD v SS ca nh my c t yu cu ca quy chun trn hay khng, bit ch tiu SS ca nc thi sau khi qua b lng 2 l SS = 18 mg/L.
Nc thi SCR Rc v ct
H gom
Khng kh B iu ha
Chn lp
My thi kh B lng 1 My p bn dy ai B Aerotank Khng kh B lng 2 Thng ha cht CaOCl2 Bn tun hon B nn bn ng nc B kh trng ng kh Ngun tip nhn Cng on x l
Ghi ch
ng bn ng ha cht ng nc tch bn
QCVN 14: 2008/BTNMT

Loi B
Trm x l nc thi tp trung ca mt khu cng nghip c cng sut 500 m3/h. c tnh ton thit k vi cc thng s nhim chnh nh sau: BOD = 520 mg/L; COD = 711 mg/L; SS = 92 mg/L. Hiu sut x l COD, BOD, SS ca nh my ln lt l 90%, 94,6% v 88%. S cng ngh trm x l nc thi sinh hot nh sau: Nc thi SCR b iu ha b lng 1 b aerotank b lng 2 kh trng ngun tip nhn. Ly mu kim tra nc thi trc khi vo b aerotank thy BOD gim c 14%, COD gim c 16.8%, SS gim c 20%. Bit hiu sut x l ca b lng II trong x l COD, BOD ln lt l 11% v 9%.v nng SS ra khi b lng II l 58 mg/L. a b. Tnh ton hiu sut x l BOD, COD ca Aerotank. c. Nc thi ca trm x l c thi vo mt knh rch nh gn khng c thng tin quan trc. Hi nc thi ca nh my sau khi x l phi t c quy chun no? Cc ch tiu nhim BOD, COD, SS ca nc thi t nh my sau khi x l t quy chun cha? d. Nu nh my phi tr pht 3000VN cho mt kgCOD vt tiu chun v 2500VN cho mt kg SS vt tiu chun x thi th trm x l ny phi ng pht bao nhiu tin mt thng?

Chương 11 - CSCNMT

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TRNG I HC TI NGUYN V MI TRNG TP.

HCM KHOA MI TRNG

C S CNG NGH MI TRNG

X L NC THI BNG PHNG PHP SINH HC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

11.1. C S LA CHN QU TRNH SINH HC

protein v cc hp cht cha N phn hy t protein, cc

sunfit, Amniac v cc hp cht cha N khc c th c

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

11.1. C S LA CHN QU TRNH SINH HC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

11.1. C S LA CHN QU TRNH SINH HC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

11.1. C S LA CHN QU TRNH SINH HC

Vic phn loi cc qu trnh sinh hc ph thuc vo c tnh

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

11.2. CC YU T NH HNG N QU TRNH SINH HC

Nhit pH Ti trng cht hu c Thi gian lu (nc/bn)

Cc nhn t c ch qu trnh pht trin ca VSV

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

11.3. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN T NHIN 11.3.1. H sinh hc

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

11.3. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN T NHIN 11.3.1. H sinh hc

- H lm thong nhn to: + Oxi cung cp ch yu do thit b

+ Chiu su: 2 4.5m

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

11.3. XLNT BNG PP SINH HC TRONG IU KIN T NHIN 11.3.1. H sinh hc

+ Vng trung gian

- Ngun cung cp oxi ch yu l to

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

C ch l hc: qu trnh lc ca cc ht t v qu trnh bc hi

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

- Nu nhit tng qu ngng s lm vi khun b cht

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

C nhiu cch phn loi b aerotank:

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Theo chiu dn nc thi:

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Aerotank Bc 1 Bn tun hon

Aerotank Bc 2 Bn tun hon

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Nhit trung bnh nm ca khng kh

Cng sut oxi ha (CO) (g/m3.ng)

6<tkk<10oC tkk10oC tkk 10oC (t1)

250 300 CO = 300xt1/10oC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Gi tr 0.03 0.16 0.3 0.005 40 4 2-3 1-4

Chng XI. X LY NC THAI BANG PHNG PHAP SINH HOC

Hnh ch nht kt hp vi hnh trn Chiu su ty thuc vo cng sut bm