PHNG GIO DC V O TO

VIT YN

THI HC SINH GII CP HUYN

NM HC 2012-2013
MN THI: TON 7

CHNH THC

Thi gian lm bi:120 pht

Cu 1. (4,0 im)
2 2
1
1

0, 25 +
0, 4 9 + 11
5 : 2012
3
1) M =

1, 4 7 + 7 1 1 0,875 + 0, 7 2013
9 11
6

2) Tm x, bit:

x 2 + x 1 = x 2 +2 .

Cu 2. (5,0 im)
1) Cho a, b, c l ba s thc khc 0, tho mn iu kin:

b
a

a
c

a + b c b+ c a c + a b
=
=
.
c
a
b

c
b

Hy tnh gi tr ca biu thc B = 1 + 1 + 1 + .

2) Ba lp 7A, 7B, 7C cng mua mt s gi tm t thin, lc u s gi tm d nh

chia cho ba lp t l vi 5:6:7 nhng sau chia theo t l 4:5:6 nn c mt lp nhn

nhiu hn d nh 4 gi. Tnh tng s gi tm m ba lp mua.
Cu 3. (4,0 im)
1) Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc A = 2 x 2 + 2 x 2013 vi x l s nguyn.
2) Tm nghim nguyn dng ca phng trnh x + y + z = xyz .

Cu 4. (6,0 im)

Cho xAy
=600 c tia phn gic Az . T im B trn Ax k BH vung gc vi Ay ti

H, k BK vung gc vi Az v Bt song song vi Ay, Bt ct Az ti C. T C k CM

vung gc vi Ay ti M . Chng minh :
a ) K l trung im ca AC.
b ) KMC l tam gic u.
c) Cho BK = 2cm. Tnh cc cnh AKM.
Cu 5. (1,0 im)
Cho ba s dng 0 a b c 1 chng minh rng:

a
b
c
+
+
2
bc + 1 ac + 1 ab + 1

--------------Ht---------------Cn b coi thi khng gii thch g thm.

H v tn th sinh: .................................................................S bo danh:.......................

PHNG GIO DC V O TO

HD CHM THI HC SINH GII CP HUYN

NM HC 2012-2013
MN THI: TON 7

VIT YN

Thi gian lm bi:120 pht

Cu

Ni dung
2 2
1
1

0, 25 +
0, 4 9 + 11
5 : 2012
3
1) Ta c: M =

1, 4 7 + 7 1 1 0,875 + 0, 7 2013
9 11
6

im

0.5

1 1 1
2 2 2
5 9 + 11 3 4 + 5 2012
=

:
7
7
7
7
7
7
+
+ 2013
5 9 11 6 8 10
1 1 1
2 5 9 + 11

=
1
1
1

7 +
5 9 11

Cu 1
(4 im)

1 1 1
+ 2012
3 4 5 :
7 1 1 1 2013
+
23 4 5

2 2 2012
= :
=0
7 7 2013

0.5
0.5

KL:..
2
2
2
2) v x + x 1 > 0 nn (1) => x + x 1 = x + 2 hay x 1 = 2

+) Nu x 1 th (*) = > x -1 = 2 => x = 3

+) Nu x <1 th (*) = > x -1 = -2 => x = -1

Cu 2
(5 im)

KL:.
1)
+Nu a+b+c 0
Theo tnh cht dy t s bng nhau ,ta c:
a+ b c b+ c a c + a b a + b c + b + c a + c + a b
=
=
=
=1
a+ b+ c
c
a
b

a+ b c
b+ c a
c+ ab
+1=
+1=
+1
c
a
b

=>

a+ b b+ c c+ a
=
=
=2
c
a
b

0.5

=2

0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5

0.25
0.25
0.25

0.25
c

b+a c+a b+c

)(
)(
) =8
Vy B = 1 + 1 + 1 + = (
a
c
b
a c b
+Nu a+b+c = 0
Theo tnh cht dy t s bng nhau ,ta c:

a+ b c b+ c a c + a b a + b c + b + c a + c + a b
=
=
=
=0
a+b+ c
c
a
b

0.25
0.25

a+ b c
b+ c a
c+ ab
+1=
+1=
+1
c
a
b

=>

a+ b b+ c c+ a
=
=
=1
c
a
b

0.25

=1

b a c b + a c + a b + c
)(
)(
) =1
Vy B = 1 + 1 + 1 + = (
a
c
b
a c b
2) Gi tng s gi tm 3 lp cng mua l x ( x l s t nhin khc 0)

S gi tm d nh chia chia cho 3 lp 7A, 7B, 7C lc u ln lt l: a,

b, c

0,5

Ta c:

0,5

a b c a+b+c x
5x
6x x
7x
= = =
= a = ;b =
= ;c =
5 6 7
18
18
18
18 3
18

(1)

S gi tm sau chia cho 3 lp ln lt l a, b, c, ta c:

a , b, c , a , + b, + c, x
4x
5x x , 6 x
= = =
= a , = ; b, =
= ;c =
4 5 6
15
15
15
15 3
15

(2)

0,5
0,5

6x 7 x
x

=4
= 4 x = 360
15 18
90

0,5

Vy s gi tm 3 lp mua l 360 gi.

0,25
0,5

1) Ta c: A = 2 x 2 + 2 x 2013 = 2 x 2 + 2013 2 x
2 x 2 + 2013 2 x = 2011

Du = xy ra khi (2 x 2)(2013 2 x) 0 1 x

0,5
2013
2

KL:..

0,5
0,5

2) V x,y,z nguyn dng nn ta gi s 1 x y z

(4 im)

0,25

So snh (1) v (2) ta c: a > a; b=b; c < c nn lp 7C nhn nhiu hn

lc u
Vy: c c = 4 hay

Cu 3

0.25

1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2 + 2 + 2 = 2
+ +
yz yx zx
x
x
x
x
2
=> x 3 => x = 1

Theo bi ra 1 =

0,25
0,5

Thay vo u bi ta c 1 + y + z = yz => y yz + 1 + z = 0

=> y(1-z) - ( 1- z) + 2 =0
=> (y-1) (z - 1) = 2
TH1: y -1 = 1 => y =2 v z -1 = 2 => z =3
TH2: y -1 = 2 => y =3 v z -1 = 1 => z =2
Vy c hai cp nghip nguyn tha mn (1,2,3); (1,3,2)

Cu 4

0,5
0,25
0,25
0,25

V h nh , GT _ KL

(6 im)
0,25

1
1
0,5
0,25

Cu 5
(1 im)

a, ABC cn ti B do CAB
= ACB (= MAC
) v BK l ng cao BK l
ng trung tuyn
K l trung im ca AC
b, ABH = BAK ( cnh huyn + gc nhn )
1
BH = AK ( hai cnh t. ) m AK = AC
2
1
BH = AC
2
1
Ta c : BH = CM ( t/c cp on chn ) m CK = BH = AC CM = CK
2
MKC l tam gic cn ( 1 )

Mt khc : MCB
= 900 v ACB = 300

MCK
= 600 (2)
T (1) v (2) MKC l tam gic u
c) V ABK vung ti K m gc KAB = 300 => AB = 2BK =2.2 = 4cm
V ABK vung ti K nn theo Pitago ta c:
AK = AB 2 BK 2 = 16 4 = 12
1
M KC = AC => KC = AK = 12
2
KCM u => KC = KM = 12
Theo phn b) AB = BC = 4
AH = BK = 2
HM = BC ( HBCM l hnh ch nht)
=> AM = AH + HM = 6
V 0 a b c 1 nn:
1
1
c
c
(a 1)(b 1) 0 ab + 1 a + b

(1)
ab + 1 a + b
ab + 1 a + b
a
a
b
b

Tng t:
(2) ;
(3)
bc + 1 b + c
ac + 1 a + c
a
b
c
a
b
c
+
+

+
+
Do :
(4)
bc + 1 ac + 1 ab + 1 b + c a + c a + b
a
b
c
2a
2b
2c
2(a + b + c)
+
+

+
+
=
= 2 (5)
M
b+c a+c a +b a+b+c a +b+c a+b+c
a+b+c
a
b
c
+
+
2 (pcm)
T (4) v (5) suy ra:
bc + 1 ac + 1 ab + 1

Lu : - Cc t cn nghin cu k hng dn trc khi chm.

- Hc sinh lm bi cc cch khc nhau m ng th vn cho im ti a.
- Bi hnh khng c hnh v th khng chm.
- Tng im ca bi cho im l n 0,25 ( v d : 13,25 , 14,5, 26,75).

0,25
0,25
0,5
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,5
0,25

0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25