–

( )* +, -
. / -
" 0*
!
( 1 * 2' 134 5
(a + b) = ?
n

(a − b) = ?
n

!6 ' 7 - Cnk = Cnk −n

n +1 k
Cnk++11 = Cn Cnk + Cnk +1 = Cnk++11
k +1

8 5 9 : 7 5 9 : "; 5 9 '< = > ?$, @

k k
A , Pn , C
n n

B A A.
CD, 0E F' 9 'G, H 2'A ' I ,' J ' '' ' 8 ,$-
. ' - CK 'L 2' '5 8 ,$-
M M
B = N O MN =
( − )M M( − )M

+1 +1
! "# " $ - + = +1

%
P , 9 Q & Q$ 2' F' , Q$ 2' R , ' ' ' ,$( S,$ <
7 ;
1 # - 0@ 9 'G, H 2' =E 6' 'G, , ( F' 5
-( )
2
&
& CK , 9 Q (a + bx )n N (a + bx )2 n ( S,$ <' J ,A A T 6'
1 # E Q' J ' ' 8 D, 0E ' ' = ,$-
0 n 0 2n
( @ 9 'G, H 2' ' 2, C n 0E C n U F' C 2n 0E C 2 n V W X ; 'G,
=E A < , , 9 Q (1 + x )n ; (1 + x )2 n ( S,$ < ' J T O @$ 0@ 9 'G, H 2'
L 7$N F' T O @$'< 7$
( @ 9 'G, H 2' ' 2, C n 0E C nn U F' C 20n 0E C 22nn V
0
W X ; 'G,
=E , ,' J , 9 Q (1 + x ) ; (1 + x ) ( S,$' J x = ± a
n 2n

Y( @ 9 'G, H 2' ' 2, C n0 0E C nn U F' C 2n0 0E C 22nn V W X ; 'G,

' 2, a n− k b k ,' J , 9 Q (a + x )n ; (a + x )2 n F' (a + bx )n ; (a + bx )2 n A , ' -

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

= ± 0Z (, + T )
' J
= ±1 0Z (, + T )
[( 1@$ E L '< F' 9 9> , \ 6' 9 , 0]
' CK E '7 A '7
V . ' Z' 8 -
^ -. J * 2' 134 Q , 9Q
^ - %W_ E '7 A '7 ` 0@'G, , 9 Q
^ Y - . J ,A A T 6'
V1 # F' 9 'G, E Q' J ' ' 8 * 2' -
,(a @ 9 'G, H 2' 7 0
F' ( 2 F' . )
0
W 9 X A
; 0Z < F' 8 ]$ 5 0* , K E '7
(a @ 9 'G, H 2' 7 0
F' ( 2 F' . )
0
W 9 X
; 0Z <=E 6' , $_> = > @ , K E '7
'(a ;' ' J I * 2' 134 R ' ' D, 0E F' 9 'G, ' ' [A ,$
b= c' ' F' 9 'G, E
YV . I d - e & E ' , '< f F' 9 E , 8 \ 6' Q , 0] E
'< F' 9 9 Z 8
( ) * + ,
V . ' Z' 8 -
^ -. J , 9 Q * 2' 134
^ - %7_ 6' \ , 0@0Z '# 6'
^ Y - 6 6' \ , 0@ @ ?$8
V1 # F' 9 'G, E Q' J ' ' 8
0
,(a @ 9 'G, H 2' '< ' 2, 0E U F' 20 0E . V W g$
9 X F' 8 & 5 0*
(ae X ; 9 '< - − − − , ' J '# 6' \ =E
'(a. J I * 2' 134 D, 0E ' ' [A ,$ b= ' ' F'
9 'G, 6' \
% * - . /0
h # Ti -
(a!6 & Q$ 2' '<' 2, ,_' 2 & H 2' '<' 2,
,$(
(aSD ' ,$ j, ' I =E ` A @ 9 Z' ' @ ?$8U 2' =E ]$ 8
' 2 VA 'k ` Y ' , @ 9 Z' ' @ ?$8(
Y(a @' ' # F' 9 'G, E Q' J ' ' 8 ' ' F'
9 'G,
C 6 l > ' I , ' / ]'# @ Y ' ' 8` E_=E ' ' [A ' '
m 0E ' ' n ` (
& P , 9 Q * 2' 134 U,^ V N U,^ TV ( S,$ <' J ,A A T 6'

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

C [-! & F' ; 'G, (

5 -
n
?$ - ( a + b ) =
n
@ ; 2' 34 Z Cnk a n −1b k
k =0

!6 o'G, T0E _
CD, 0E 8 @ Q6 ( !p < $_9, F' ; '
C m-! ; =Z 7 9 , 9Q (
5 -
P , 9 Q * 2' 34 Z ?$ (
)F ak =E ; ?$ 'G, 9 , 9Q
Ti 6 5 ;$'G, b_ {ak } ( !p < Q $_9, ( ak ) max
. Id- QTi 6 5 ;$'G, {ak } 0Z k ∈ N , q l -
ak +1
• Ti r -
ak
• si ;$- ak +1 − ak

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

8 5 9 : 7 5 9 : "; 5 9 '< = > ?$, @

k k
A , Pn , C
n n

1 23 + +-!@ E 3 ' ' Z' ,$-

n≥k
4 25 )F ]$ ; '< +, =E -
n, k ∈ N
4 25 - CK ' ' 'L 2' ,$ Q9I J -
n! n!
A kn = .Pn O n! A C kn =
(n − k )! k!(n − k )!
4 25 S,$ 9I J ' 5 9 : 7 5 9 : ; 5 9 b
' 0] 5 9 : 7 5 9 : ; 5 9 '5 8 ( 8 ; 0E
' J ; 6' ` ]$ ; ` Z'
4 25 & P@ =$#
6 ) 0Z ; 5 9 , '< Q 8 3 5 F t l
47
8' ' 5 9 ,$
,V C n = 5C n
3 1

V C14n + C14n + 2 = 2C14n +1

8
,V ]$ ; - n ≥ 0, n ∈ Z

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

n! n!
C n3 = 5C n1 ⇔ =5 ⇔ (n - 2 )(n − 1) = 30
3!(n - 3)! (n − 1)!
=u
⇔ − 3 − 28 = 0 ⇔
= [ (= )
#_ ; 'G, 5 9 =E O u
14 ≥ + 2 ≤
V ]$ ; - +
⇔ UhV
∈ ∈ v+
+2 +1
!, '<- 14 + 14 =2 14
[M 14M 14M
⇔ + =2
M ( [ )M ( + 2 )M (12 − )M ( + 1)M (13 − )M
1 2
⇔ + =
( Y )(14 − ) ( + 1)( + 2) ( + 1)(13 − )
⇔ ( + )( + 2 ) + (13 − )(14 − ) = 2( + 2 )(14 − )
=[
⇔ − 12 + 32 = 0 ⇔ 8UhV
=8
=4
#_ ; 'G, 5 9 =E -
=8
47
8' ' 5 9
,V 3 2+1 + = 4B
V 2
+1 −B −4 3
= B ( ) 2

8
≥2
,V ]$ ; - +
∈
!, '<-
3 2
+ = 4B
+ )M
⇔ Y
+2 =4
( M
2M ( − 1)M ( − 2)M
+1

⇔ Y ( + ) + 4 = 8( − 1)
= 2 (= )
⇔ m − 15 = 0 ⇔
=3 ( # )
≥2
V ]$ ; - +
∈
+ )M ( (2 )M
2
M
8 @⇔ − −4 3
=
2M ( − 1)M ( − 2 )M (2 − 1)M

⇔
( + ) ( ) [ Y =[
2
⇔ Y
+ 10 2 − 3 = 0

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

=0
⇔
8 2
+ 10 − 3 = 0
5 9 E_0L ; ∀ ≥2
#_ 5 9 b' 0L ;
4 7 ' "b_ $_> 5 8 b H 2'
5
4
−1 − 3
−1 − B =0
4
8
∈
]$ ; -
≥5
5 9 b' 5 5 0Z -
( − 1)M
−
( − 1)M − 5 ( ( − 2)M = 0
4M ( − 5)M 3M ( − 4 )M 4 ( − 4 )M
−1 5 1
⇔ − − =0
[ 6( − 4 ) 4 − 4
⇔ ( )( − 4) − ( − 1)4 − 5(6 = 0
⇔ − 9 − 22 = 0
= 11
⇔ ⇔ O =E 9* '
= −2 (= )
47 8 ! A ∈ v^ @- +1
+1 - +1 - −1
+1 = 5-5-3
8
( + 1)M

!, '<-
+1
+1
=
( + 1)M ( − )M
=
+1−
+1
( + 1)M +1
M ( + 1 − )M
( + 1)M
M ( + 1 − )M − +2
E- +1
= =
−1
+1
( + 1)M
( − 1)M ( − + 2 )M
+1−
=1
+1 =2 =6 +
!p 8 @ ⇔ ⇔ ∈
− +2 5 3 −8 +6 = 0 =3
=
3
=3
#_ =E ' ' 9*'
=6
47 8' ' 5 9 ,$-
2
3
,V +1
2
≥
10

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

V B3+ + −1
+1 < 14( + 1)
8
≥2
,V ]$ ; - +
∈
2
+1 3
≥ ⇔
( + 1)M ≥ 3 ( M
2
10 2M ( − 1)M 10 2M ( − 2 )M
+ 1 3 ( − 1)
≥ ⇔ Y 2 − 13 − 10 ≤ 0 ⇔ ≤ ≤5
2 10 2M Y
≥2
C +
> O w A YA [A mx
∈
#_' ' ; 'G, 7 5 9 =E - O w A YA [A mx
≥2
V ]$ ; - +
∈

B3+ + −1
< 14( + 1) ⇔
( + )M ( + 1)M
+ < 14( + 1)
+1
( − 2 )M ( − 1)M2M
u
( − 1) + < 14 ⇔ 2 2
− − 28 < 0 ⇔ < <4
2
C ∈ + 0E ≥ 2 > O w A Yx
#_' ' ; 'G, 7 5 9 =E - O w A Yx
47 % 8' ' 7 5 9 ,$-
B 4+[ 143
,V < U V
( + )M 4
B[ 23
V −4
≤ U V
BY+ − 24
8
,V ∈1
]$ ; -
U V⇔
( + 4)M < 143 ( + 2)M ⇔ 4( + 3)( + 4) < 143
M 4 M
⇔ 4 + 28 − 95 < 0 ⇔ y(m z z (m
2

C ∈ > = {{A A }
#_' ' ; 'G, 7 5 9 =E - = { A A Y}
≥4
V ]$ ; - +
∈
M 23
U V⇔ ≤
( − 4 )M
( + 1)M
−
M 24
( − 2 )M ( − 4 )M4M

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

4M 23
⇔ ≤ ⇔ 4 2
−6 +5 ≤ 0 ⇔ 1≤ ≤5
+ 24
4M −1
( )( − 3)
≥4
C +
> = {4A m}
∈
#_' ' ; 'G, 7 5 9 =E -= {4A m}
5
−1 − −1 − BT ≤ 0
4 3
47 & 8 7 5 9 - U V
4
8
≥5
]$ ; - +
∈

U V⇔
− 1)M
−
(
( − 1)M − 5 ( − 2)M ≤ 0
4M ( − 5)M 3M ( − 4 )M 4 ( − 4 )M
−1 −1 5 1
⇔ − − ≤0
4M 3M ( − 4 ) 4 − 4
⇔ 2 − 9 − 22 ≤ 0 ⇔ ≤ ≤ 11
#_ # ; 'G, 7 5 9 =E - = {mA nA uA |A yA {A }
47 9 8 7 5 9
1
+2 2
+4 3
+ ((( + ≤ (7 − ) ( ≥ 1) U V
8
!, '<- (1 + ) = 0
+ 1
+ 2 2
+ ((( + U V
%7_ E '7 , 0@'G, U V , '-
(1 + ) −1
= 1
+ 1
+2 2
+ ((( + −1
U V
. J TO , '-
−1
(2 = 1
+2 2
+3 3
+ ((( +
P < - U V ⇔ (2 −}
≤ (7 − )
⇔2 ≤ (7 − )
−1

−1
⇔2 + ≤7 U V
−1
"E ~U V = + '< ~• U V = 2 = 2 + 1 > 0 ∀ ≥
~U V =E E ∀ ≥1
% '<- ~UYV O u ; 'G, 7 5 9 U V =E - ≤ 3
#_ # ; 'G, 7 5 9 b' =E - = {1A A Y}
B A A.
CD, 0E F' 9 'G, H 2'A ' I ,' J ' '' ' 8 ,$-
. ' - CK 'L 2' '5 8 ,$-
M M
B = N O MN =
( − )M M( − )M

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

47 . 2 9R
+1 +1 +
+ = + A ∈

!, '<-
+1 +1
=
+1 + )M (
=
( + )M = '
+
( + 1)M( − 1)M M M
+

47 . A A ∈ 1 0E ≤ N ≤ ( . 2 9R -
−
= −

8
!, '<-
−
=
M
(
( − )M =
M
(
M
M( − )M ( − )M ( − )M M( )M M( − )M
−
−
O ( U ' V
47 % . ∈ + (. 2 9R -
−1 1 +1
2 + 2 − 2 +2 U V
2
8
+1 +1
. ' ,- ! 3 'L 2' - + = +1 , '<-
−1
2 + 2 = 2 +1

P <- U V ⇔ =
1
( =
(2 + 1)M (2 + 1)M (2 + 2 )
=
M( + 1)M 2( + 1) M ( + 1)M
2 +1 2 +2 2 +1
2
O
(2 + 2 )M
=
1 +1
'
2( + 1)M ( + 1)M 2
2 +2

. ' - P , 9 Q 0@ 9 ( !, '<-
BO +
(2 )M −1
=
(2 )M +
M M ( − 1)M ( + 1)M
2 2

O
(2 )M ( + 1) + (2 )M ( + 1) = 1 (2 )M (2 + 2)( + 1) + (2 )M (2
2
+ 2)
( + 1)M( + 1)M 2 ( + 1)M( + 1)M
1 (2 )M (2 + 1)(2 + 2 ) 1 (2 + 2 )M 1 +1
O = = 2 +2 U ' V
2 ( + 1)M( + 1)M 2 ( + 1)M ( + 1)M 2
+
47 & . ≥ 2 0E ∈ (. 2 9R - 2
+1 = 2
+ U V
8
U V ⇔ 2+1 = 2 + 1

M M M ( − 1) + 2 M
!, '<- 2
+ +1
=
=
2M ( − 2 )M ( − 1)M 2M ( − 1)M
M ( + 1) ( + 1)M
O = = 2+1 U ' V
2M ( + 1)M 2( − 1)M
47 ' . 2 9R

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

1
+2
2
+3
3
+ ((( + + ((( + =
( + 1)
1 2 −1 −1
2
8
!, '<- 1
=
M

2(
2
= 2(
2M ( − 2 )M
= 2(
M
(
( − 1)M = − 1
1
M 2M ( − 2 )M M
( − 1)M
M
3M ( − 3)M
3
3( 2
= 3( = −2
M
2M ( − 2 )M
€€€€€€€€€((
( −1
= − +1

€€€€€€€€€(
( −1
=1

.& H 2' 9> 0@ 3 0@ , '-

2 3
1
+ 2( 1
+ 3( 2
+ ((( + ( −1
+ ((( + ( =1

O + ( − 1) + ( − 2) + ((( + ( − + 1) + ((( + 2 + 1
O 1 + 2 + 3 + ((( + =
( + 1)
2
U! 3 'L 2' 6 '7 '& V
47 ( . 2 9R
0 1 2
1
1
+ 2
+ 3
+ ((( + +1
+ ((( + +1
=
+2 +3 +4 + +2 2 + 2
8
!, '<-
=
M
-
( + + 2)M = M ( + 1)M ( + 1)M
+1
+ +2 M( − )M ( + 1)M ( + 1)M ( + + 2 )M ( − )M M
M ( + 1)M ( + 1) 1 M ( + 1)M M ( + 1)M
O = −
( + + 2 )M ( − )M 2 ( − )M ( + + 1)M ( − − 1)M ( + 2 )M
− − −1
1 2 +1 − 2 +1
O ( UhV
2 2 +1

% = ,_T O {A A A YA €A 0E UhV , '-

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

−1
0
1 −
^ Z O{- 1
= 2 +1 2 +1

+2 2 2 +1
−1 −2
1
1 −
^ Z O - 2
= 2 +1 2 +1

+3 2 2 +1
−2 −3
2
1 −
^ Z O - 3
= 2 +1 2 +1

+4 2 2 +1

€€€€€€€€€€€€€(
−1
1 1
− 0
^ Z O : - = ( 2 +1 2 +1

2 +1 2 2 +1
0
1
^ Z O - = 2 +1

2 +1 2 2 +1

.& 0@ 3 0@' ' H 2' 9> , '-

0 1 2

1
+ 2
+ 3
+ ((( + +1
+ ((( + +1
+2 +3 +4 + +2 2 +2

O2
1
( 2 +1 − −1
2 +1 + −1
2 +1 − −2
2 +1 + −2
2 +1 + ((( + 1
2 +1 − 0
2 +1 + 0
2 +1 )
2 +1

1 1
O 2 +1
= U ' V
2 2 +1 2
+
47 9 . 2 9R - ^ ^Y Y^€^ O ^ : U0Z ∈ 0E =E
0*'G, qV
8
!, '<- ! O ^ ^Y Y^€^
O M ^ ( M ^ Y(YM ^ € ^ ( M
O M ^ UY : V M ^ U[ : VYM ^ €(^ •U ^ V : ‚ M
O M ^ Y( M ^ [(YM ^ € ^ U ^ V M : U M ^ YM ^ € ^ MV
O M ^ YM ^ [M ^ € ^ U ^ VM : U M ^ YM ^ € ^ MV
O M: M^ ^ O ^ : U ' V
E y( 1@$, A , A ,Y 0E ,[ =E [ ; = > @ 9 , 9Q
2 2
(1 + )2 1
+ 2
=
1 + 2 3 + 4 2 + 3

!2' =E - 1
N 2
N 3
! E '7 '&
1 + 2 2 + 3 3 + 4

8
+1 + +3
8 q- 1 = A, = A ,Y = . A ,4 =
M

P <- 2
=
+1
=
( + 1)M ( − − 1)M
=
−
1
M +1
M ( − )M

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

M
4
= +2 =
( + 3)M ( − − 3)M = − − 2
+3

3
M +3
( + 2)M ( − −2)M
M
3
= +1 =
+2
( + 2)M( − − 2)M = − − 1
2
M +2
( + 1)M( − − 1)M
1 1 1 1
+ = +
− − −2
1+ 2 1+ 4 1+ 1+
1 3 +1 +3
+1 + 3 2 + 4 2( + 2)
O + = +
+1 +1 +1 +1
2 2 2( + 2 )
eF '- = =
− −1 +1
1+ 1 1+
2 +2
1 2
+ =
,
+ 1+ 4 1+ 3
, 3 2

2 2
",_- 1
+ 3
= U ' V
1 + 2 2 + 4 2 + 3
+1 +1
! "# " $ - + = +1
+1 −1 +1
47 . 2 9R - + +2 = +2

8
!, '<- ! = . +
+ −1
+2 = ( + +1
)+ ( −1
+ )
+1 +1
= +1 = +1 = +2 U ' V
47 . 2 9R -
−1 −2 −3
+3 +3 + = +3 0Z Y ≤ ≤
8
−1 −2 −3
!, '<- = +3 +3 +
= ( + −1
) + 2( −1
+ −2
)+ ( −2
+ −3
)
−1 −2
= +1 +2 +1 + +1
−1 −1 −2
= +1 +1 + +1 + +1
−1
= +2 + +2 = +3 U ' V
47 % . 2 9R -
+1 +2 +3 +2 +3
2 +5 +4 + = +2 + +3

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

+1 +2 +3
!, '<- =2 +5 +4 +
=2 ( + +1
) + 3( +1
+ +2
)+ +2
+ +3

+1 +2 +3
=2 +1 +3 +1 + +1

=2 ( +1
+1 + +2
+1 )+ +2
+1 + +3
+1
+2 +3
=2 +2 + +2

= +2
+2 + ( +2
+2 + +3
+2 )
+2 +3
= +2 + U ' V +3

47 & . 4≤ ≤ (. 2 9R -
−1 −2 −3 −4
+4 +5 +4 + = +4

8
−1 −2 −3 −4
!, '<- = +4 +5 +4 +
= + +1
+3 ( −1
+ −2
) + 3( −2
+ −3
)+ −3
+ −4

−1 −2 −3
= +1 +3 +1 +3 +1 + +1

= +2 + −1
+1 +2 ( −1
+1 + −2
+1 )+ −2
+1 + −3
+1
−1
= +2 +2 U ' V
+3 = +4

47 ' . 1≤ ≤ (. 2 9R -
−1 −1 −1 −1
= −1 + −2 + ((( + + −1

8
! 3 6 ' 7-
−1
= −1 = −1
−1
−1 = − −1

l -
−1
−1 = − −1
−2
−2 = −1 − −2

((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
−1
= +1 −
.& 0@ 3 0@' ' H 2' 9> , '-
−1 −2 −1
−1 + −2 + ((( + = −
−1 −2 −1 −1
= −1 + −2 + ((( + + −1 U ' V
−1
UC = −1 =1 V
47 ( . A =E ' ' D > 0E 8 b 5≤ ≤ ( . 2 9R
−1 −5
0
5 + 1
5 + ((( + 5
5 = +5 U V
8
5 ' i -
−1 −5
!, '<- = 0
5 + 1
5 + ((( + 5
5

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

−1 −2 −3 −4 −5
= +5 + 10 + 10 +5 +
= + −1
+4 ( −1
+ −2
) + 6( −2
+ −3
) + 4( −3
+ −4
)+ −4
+ −5

−1 −2 −3 −4
= +1 +4 +1 +6 +1 +4 +1 + +1

= +1 + −1
+1 +3 ( −1
+1 + −2
+1 ) + 3( −2
+1 − −3
+1 )+ −3
+1 + −4
+1
−1 −2 −3
= +2 +3 +2 +3 +2 + +2

= +2 + −1
+2 +2 ( −1
+2 + −2
+2 )+ −2
+2 + −3
+2
−1 −2
= +3 +2 +3 + +3
−1 −1 −2
= +3 + +3 + +3 + +3
−1
= +4 + +4 = U ' V +5

/ ! "# + 23 + + : $ ; <=
!, '<- (1 + )5 = 0
5 + 1
5 + 2
5
2
+ 3
5
3
+ 4
5
4
+ 5
5
5

(1 + ) = ((( + −1 −1
+ −2 −2
+ −3 −3
(((
(1 + )5 (1 + ) = (1 + ) +5
= ((( + +5 + (((
"; T 9 , 9 Q (1 + ) (1 + ) =E - 5

−1 −2 −3 −4 −5
0
5 + 1
5 + 2
5 + 3
5 + 4
5 + 5
5

.k ; T 9 , 9 Q (1 + ) +5 (1 + ) 'o ' 6 =E ; T 9 , 9Q
(1 + ) p < $_9,
+5
'
47 9 ' 2 9R -
+ = + +1
=0

8
−1
! 3 6 ' 7- = −1 + −1
−1
+ +1 = + + +
−1
+ = + +1 − +

+ = 0
+ 1
+1 + 2
+2 + ((( + +
=0

!, '<-
0
= 0
+1
1
+1 = 1
+2 − 0
+1
2
+2 = 2
+3 − 1
+2
3
+3 = 3
+4 − 2
+3

((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
−1
+ = + +1 − +

0
+ 1
+1 + 2
+2 + ((( + + = + +1 ,_ + = + +1 U ' V
=0

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

%
P , 9 Q & Q$ 2' F' , Q$ 2' R , ' ' ' ,$( S,$ <
7 ;
1 # - 0@ 9 'G, H 2' =E 6' 'G, , ( F' 5
-( )
2
&
47 . 2 9R -
−1 −2 −3 −4 −5 −6
0
6 + 1
6 + 2
6 + 3
6 + 4
6 + 5
6 + 6
6 = +6

8
!, '<- (1 + ) = 6 0
6 + 1
6 + 2
6
2
+ 3
6
3
+ 4
6
4
+ 5
6
5
+ 6
6
6

(1 + ) + ((( + + −1 −1
+ −2 −2
+ −3 −3
+ −4 −4
+ −5 −5
+ −6 −6
+ (((
"; T 9 , 9 Q (1 + ) (1 + ) =E - 6

k −1
C C +C C
6
0
k
n
1
6 n + C 62 C nk − 2 + C 63C nk −3 + C 64 C nk − 4 + C 65 C nk −5 + C 66 C nk −6
eF '-
(1 + x )6 (1 + x )n = (1 + x )n+6 = ... + C nk+6 x k + ...
"; T 9 , 9 Q (1 + )6 (1 + ) 'o ' 6 =E ; T 9 , 9Q
(1 + x ) n+6
) ]$ 8 ' 2
47 ' 2 9R -
(C ) + (C )
0 2
n
1 2
n + ... + C nn ( ) 2
= C 2nn
8
!, '<- (1 + x ) = (1 + x ) (1 + x )
2n n n

( )(
= C n0 + C n1 x + C n2 x 2 + ... + C nn x n C n0 + C n1 x + C n2 x 2 + ... + C nn x n )
= (C 0
n + C x + C x + ... + C x
1
n
2
n
2 n
n
n
)(C 0
n x +C x
n 1
n
n −1
+C x 2
n
n−2
+ ... + C nn )
6' (1 + x )n (1 + x )n =E - (C n0 ) + (C n1 ) + ... + (C nn )
2 2 2
"; 'G, T 9
eF ' - (1 + x )2 n = C 20n + C 21n x + C 22n x 2 + ... + C 2nn x n + ... + C 22nn x 2 n
; 'G, T 9 (1 + x )n =E C 2nn
e E ; 'G, T 9 6' (1 + x )n (1 + x )n 'o ' 6 =E ; 'G, T 9 , 9Q -
(1 + x ) 2n

(C ) + (C )
0 2
n
1 2
n + ... + C nn ( ) 2
= C 2nn U ' V
47 % ' 2 9R -
(C ) − (C x ) + (C
0 2
2n
1
2n
2 2
2n x2 )2
− ... + C 22nn ( ) = (− 1) C2 n n
2n

8
!, '<- (1 + x ) = C + C x + ... + C x + ... + C 22nn x 2 n
2n 0
2n
1
2n
n
2n
n

(1 − x )2 n = C 20n − C 21n x + ... + (− 1) C 2nn ± ... + C 22nn x 2 n

n

"; -T 9 6' (1 + x )2 n (1 − x )2 n =E-

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

(C ) − (C )
0 2
2n
1 2
2n + ... + (− 1) C 2nn
n
( ) 2
± ... + C 22nn ( ) 2
U V
eF '-
(1 + x )2n (1 − x )2 n (
= 1− x2 ) 2n
= C 20n − C 21n x 2 + ... + (− 1) C 2nn − x 2
n
( )
n
( )
+ ... + C 22nn x 2
2n

"; T 9 , 9 Q (1 − x )2 n =E (− 1)n C 2nn U V

!pU V 0E U V (C ) − (C )
0
2n
2 1
2n
2
+ ... + (− 1) C 2nn
n
( ) 2
( ) = (− 1) C
± ... + C 2n 2
2n
n n
2n U ' V
47 & . 2 9R -
C n0 C nr + C n1 C nr +1 + ... + C nn − r C nn =
(2n )!
(n − r )!(n + r )!
8
!, '<- C n0 + C n1 + C n2
1
x
1
x 2
1
(
+ ... + C nn n C n0 + C n1 x + C n2 x 2 + ... + C nn
x
)
n

1+
1
x
(1 + x )n =
1
n
(
(1 + x )2n = 1n C 20n + C 21n x + C 22n x 2 + ... )
x x
) 7 ; T9 ` , 0@ , '<-
C n0 C nr + C n1 C nr +1 + C n2 C nr + 2 + ... + C nn − r C nn = C 2nn+ r =
(2n )! U ' V
(n + r )!(n − r )!
47 ' . 2 9R -
(C ) − (C ) + (C )
0
2 n +1
2 1
2 n +1
2 2
2 n +1
2
(
− ... − C 22nn++11 = 0 )
8
!, '<- (1 + x ) 2 n +1
=C 0
2 n +1 +C 1
2 n +1 x+C 2
2 n +1 x + ... + C 22nn++11 x 2 n +1
2

(x − 1)2 n +1 = C 20n+1 x 2 n+1 − C 21n +1 x 2 n + C 22n+1 x 2 n−1 − ... − C 22nn++11

"; 'G, qT ^ 9 6' (1 + x )2 n +1 (x − 1)2 n +1 =E -
(C ) − (C ) + (C ) − ... − (C )
0
2 n +1
2 1
2 n +1
2 2
2 n +1
2 2 n +1 2
2 n +1

'<- (1 + x ) (x − 1) = (x − 1)
2 n +1 2 n +1 2 2 n +1
!, =
^
.< ; 'G, q' 2, T =E {A 0 7 '8' ' q ƒ$' 2, =$„ p, #' ' f
'G, T
(C ) − (C ) + (C )
0
2 n +1
2 1
2 n +1
2 2
2 n +1
2
(
− ... − C 22nn++11 O { )
2

47 ( . 2 9R
p −1
C C +C C
0
n
p
m
1
n m + C n2 C mp − 2 + ... + C np C m0 = C mp+ n
8
!, '<- (1 + x ) = C + C x + C x + ... + C x
n 0
n
1
n
2
n
2 n
n
n

(1 − x )m = C m0 + C m1 x + C m2 x 2 + ... + C mm x m
"; T 9 6' (1 + x )n (1 + x )m =E -
C n0 C mp + C n1 C mp −1 + ... + C np C m0
eE ; T 9 (1 + x )m+ n 'o ' 6 =E ; T 9 6' (1 + x )m .(1 + x )n > -

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

C n0 C mp + C n1 C mp −1 + C n2 C mp − 2 + ... + C np C m0 = C mp+ n U
' V
& CK , 9 Q (a + bx ) N (a + bx ) ( S,$ <' J ,A A T 6'
n 2n

1 # E Q' J ' ' 8 D, 0E ' ' = ,$-

0 n 0 2n
( @ 9 'G, H 2' ' 2, C n 0E C n U F' C 2n 0E C 2 n V W X ; 'G,
=E A < , , 9 Q (1 + x )n ; (1 + x )2 n ( S,$ < ' J T O @$ 0@ 9 'G, H 2'
L 7$N F' T O @$'< 7$
( @ 9 'G, H 2' ' 2, C n 0E C nn U F' C 2n0 0E C 22nn V
0
W X ; 'G,
=E , ,' J , 9 Q (1 + x )n ; (1 + x )2 n ( S,$' J x = ± a
Y( @ 9 'G, H 2' ' 2, C n0 0E C nn U F' C 2n0 0E C 22nn V W X ; 'G,
' 2, a n− k b k ,' J , 9 Q (a + x ) ; (a + x )
n 2 n
F' (a + bx ) ; (a + bx )2 n A , ' -
n

= ± 0Z (, + T )
' J
= ±1 0Z (, + T )
[( 1@$ E L '< F' 9 9> , \ 6' 9 , 0]
47 . 2 9R
,V 0
+ + 1 2
+ ((( + =2
V9 0 0
+9 1 1
+ ((( + 9 = 10
8
,V !, '<- (1 + ) = 0 + 1 + 2 2 + ((( +
. J TO , ' - 2 = 0 + 1 + 2 + ((( + U ' V
V ! ,_T O y 0E 0@'G, , 9 Q 9> , '
10 = 0
+9 +9 1 2 2
+ ((( + 9 U ' V
47 . 2 9R
0
− 1
+ 2
− 3 + ((( + (− 1) O {
8
!, '<- (1 + ) = + 0 1
+ 2 2
+ 3 3
+ ((( +
. J TO , '-
0
− 1
+ 2
− 3 + ((( + (− 1) O{U ' V
47 % . , 9 Q (1 + 2
) @ ' ' ; 9 , 9 Q 9> R { [( !
(
8
!, '<- (1 + 2 ) = 0 + 1 2 + 2 4 + ((( + 2 2

! ' ' ; 'G, , 9 Q 9> =E -

0
+ 1
+ 2
+ ((( +
% '<- (1 + ) = 0 + 1
+ 2 2
+ ((( +
. J TO , '- 0
+ 1
+ 2
+ ((( + =2

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

{
1 0#_ 3 ] 2 O { [O ⇔ O {
47 & . 2 9R -
1 1 1 1
5 0
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
+ ((( + =6 U V
5 52 53 5
8
−1 −2
U V⇔5 +5 +50 1 2
+ ((( + =6
!, '<- (1 + ) = 0 + 1 −1
+ 2 −2
+ ((( +
. J TOm , '-
−1 −2
⇔5 0
+5 1
+5 2
+ ((( + =6 U ' V
47 ' . 2 9R
2 −1
0
2 + 2
2 + 4
2 + ((( + 2
2 = 1
2 + 3
2 + 5
2 + ((( + 2

8
!, '<- (1 + ) = +
2 0
2
1
2 + 2
2
2
+ ((( + 2
2
2

. J TO , '-
0= 0
2 − 1
2 + 2
2 − 3
2 + ((( + (− 1) 2 + ((( − 2 −1
2 + 2
2
2 −1
⇔ 0
2 + 2
2 + 4
2 + ((( + 2
2 = 1
2 + 3
2 + 5
2 + ((( + 2 U ' V
E n-. 2 9R
(− 1) ( 0
+ (− 1) (2
−1 1
+ ((( + (− 1) ( (2 + ((( + 2 =1
8
!, '<- (1 − ) = − 0 1
+ 2 2
− 3 3
+ ((( + (− 1)
. J TO , '-
(1 − 2) = 0
− 1
2+ 2
22 − 3
2 3 + ((( + (− 1) 2
⇔ (− 1) + (− 1) + (− 1) + ((( + (− 1)
−1 −2 −
0
2 1
2 2 2
2 + ((( + 2 =1 U ' V
47 9 . 2 9R -
2004 + 3 2004 + 3 2004 + ((( + 2004 = 4
2004 0 2003 1 2002 2 2004 2004
,V 3
V 3 2004 2004
0
+ 3 2003 41 2004
1
+ 3 2002 4 2 2004
2
+ ((( + 4 2004 2004
2004
= 7 2004
8
,V !, '<- ( + 1) = 2004 2004 0
2004 +
2003 1
2004 + ((( +
2004
2004

. J TOY , '-
2004 + 3 2004 + 3 2004 + ((( + 2004 = 4
2004 0 2003 1 2002 2 2004 2004
3 U ' V
V !, '<- ( + ) = 2004 20042004 0
+ 2003 2004 1
+ 2002 2 2004 2
+ ((( + 2004 2004
2004

. J , O Y 0E O [ , '-
3 2004 0
2004 + 3 2003 41 1
2004 + 3 2002 4 2 2
2004 + ((( + 4 2004 2004
2004 = 7 2004 U ' V
47 > . 2 9R
−1 1 −2
2 0
+2 7 1
+2 72 2
+ ((( + 7 =9
8

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

!, '<- (2 + ) = 2 0 + 2 −1 1 1
+2 −2 2 2
+ ((( +
. J TOu , '-
2 0
+ 2 −171 1
+2 −2
72 2
+ ((( + 7 =9 U ' V
. Id- , '< Q , 9 Q -
( + ) = 0
+ −1 1
+ −2 2 2
+ ((( + ,$ <' J , O A O u 'o '
'
47 8 . 2 9R
−1 1 1 −2
3 0
+3 5 6 1
+3 5262 2
+ ((( + 5 6 = 33
8
!, '<- ( + ) = 0
+ −1 1
+ −2
( ) 2 2
+ ((( + ( )
=3
. J =5 , '-
=6
3 0
+ 3 −15161 1
+3 −2
5262 2
+ ((( + 5 6 = 33 U ' V
47 ? . 2 9R -
0
2004 + 1
2004 + 2
2004 + ((( + 2002
2004 + 2004
2004 = 2 2003
8
!, '<- (1 + ) 2004
= 0
2004 + 1
2004 + 2
2004
2
+ ((( + 2003
2004
2003
+ 2004
2004
2004

. J TO , '-
2 2002
= 0
2004 + 1
2004 + 2
2004 + ((( + 2002
2004 + 2004
2004 U V
. J TO , '-
0= 0
2004 − 1
2004 + 2
2004 − ((( − 2002
2004 + 2004
2004 U V
%7_U V '& U V 0@ 3 0@ , '-
2 2004
=2 ( 0
2004 + 2
2004 + 4
2004 + ((( + 2004
2004 )
⇔ 0
2004 + 1
2004 + 2
2004 + ((( + 2002
2004 + 2004
2004 = 2 2003 U ' V
47 . 2 9R -
4 0
−4 −1 −1
+4 −2 −2
− ((( + (− 1) = 0
+2 1
+ 22 2
+ ((( + 2
8
!, '<- (1 + ) = + 0 1
+ 2 2
+ ((( +
. J TO , '-
0
+ 1
2+ 2
22 + 3
2 3 + ((( + 2 =3 U V
eF '-
(4 − ) =4 0
−4 −1 1
+4 −2 2 2
− ((( + (− 1)
. J TO , '-
3 =4 0
−4 −1 1
+4 −2 2
− ((( + (− 1) U V
!pU V 0E U V $_9, '

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

47 %. 2 9R
−1 1 −2 −1 −2
3 0
+3 2 1
+3 22 2
+ ((( + 2 =4 0
+4 1
+4 2
+ ((( +
8
!, '<- (3 + ) = 3 +3 0 −1 1
+3 −2 2 2
+ ((( +
. J TO , '-
5 =3 0
+ 3 −1 2 1
+3 −2
22 2
+ ((( + 2 U V
eF '-
(2 + 1) = (2 ) 0
+ (2 ) −1 1
+ (2 ) −2 2
+ ((( +
. J TO , '-
−1 −2
5 =4 0
+4 1
+4 2
+ ((( + U V
!pU V 0E U V $_9, '
47 & . 2 9R -
1 1 1 1 −1
+ + + ((( + = U V
1M ( − 1)M 3M ( − 3)M 5M ( − 5)M ( − 1)M1M M
8
M M M M
U V⇔ + + + ((( + = −1
1M ( − 1)M 3M ( − 3)M 5M ( − 5)M ( − 1)M1M

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

−1
⇔ 1
+ 3
+ 5
+ ((( + = 2 −1
!, '<- (1 + ) = + 0 1
+ 2 2
+ ((( +
. J TO , '-
2 = 0
+ 1
+ 2
+ ((( + U V
. J TO , '-
0= 0
− 1
+ 2
− 3
+ ((( + ' f UYV
%7_U V 9p UYV 0@ 3 0@ '-
2 =2 ( 1
+ 3
+ 5
+ ((( + −1
)
−1 −1
1
+ 3
+ 5
+ ((( + =2 U ' V
' CK E '7 A '7
V . ' Z' 8 -
^ -. J * 2' 134 Q , 9Q
^ - %W_ E '7 A '7 ` 0@'G, , 9 Q
^ Y - . J ,A A T 6'
V1 # F' 9 'G, E Q' J ' ' 8 * 2' -
,(a @ 9 'G, H 2' 7 0
F' ( 2 F' . )
0
W 9 X A
; 0Z < F' 8 ]$ 5 0* , K E '7
(a @ 9 'G, H 2' 7 0
F' ( 2 F' . )
0
W 9 X
; 0Z <=E 6' , $_> = > @ , K E '7
'(a ;' ' J I * 2' 134 R ' ' D, 0E F' 9 'G, ' ' [A ,$
b= c' ' F' 9 'G, E
YV . I d - e & E ' , '< f F' 9 E , 8 \ 6' Q , 0] E
'< F' 9 9 Z 8
E -. 2 9R
−1
1
+2 2
+3 3
+ ((( + = (2
8
!, '<- (1 + ) = 0
+ 1
+ 2 2
+ ((( +
%W_ E '7 , 0@ , '-
(1 + ) −1
= 1
+2 2
+ ((( + −1

. J TO , '-
−1
1
+2 2
+3 3
+ ((( + = 2 U ' V
47 . 2 9R -
1( 1
− 2( 2
+3 3
− ((( + (− 1) =0
8
!, '<- (1 − ) = 0
− 1
+ 2 2
− 3 3
+ ((( + (− 1)
) E 0@ , '-
(1 − ) −1
=− 1
+2 2
−3 3 2
+ ((( + (− 1) −1

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

. J TO 0=− 1
+2 2
−3 3
+ ((( + (− 1)
1( 1
− 2( 2
+3 3
− ((( + (− 1) =0 U ' V
47 % . 2 9R -
0
− ( − 1) 1
+ ( − 2) 2
− ( − 3) 3
+ ((( + (− 1) −1
=0
8
!, '<- ( − 1) = 0
− 1 −1
+ 2 −2
− ((( + (− 1) −1
+ (− 1)
) E 0@-
( − 1)
−1
= 0 −2
− 1
( − 1) −3
− ((( + (− 1) −1

. TO , '-
0
− ( − 1) 1
+ ( − 2) 2
− ( − 3) 3
+ ((( + (− 1) −1
=0 U ' V

47 & . 2 9R
1
2 +3 3
+ ((( + (2 − 1) 2 −1
=2 2
2 +4 4
2 + ((( + 2 2
2

8
!, '<- (1 + ) = 2 0
2 + 1
2 + 2
2
2
+ ((( + 2
2
2

%7_ E '7 , 0@ , '-

2 (1 + )
2 −1 2 −1
= 1
2 +2 2
2 + ((( + 2 2
2

. J TO , '-
0= 1
2 −2 2
2 + ((( + (2 − 1) 2 −1
2 −2 2
2

⇔ 1
2 −3 3
2 + ((( + (2 − 1) 2 −1
2 =2 2
2 +4 4
2 + ((( + 2 2
2 U ' V
47 ' . 2 9R -
(− 1) −1 1
+ (− 1)
−2
2 (2 ( 2
+ ((( + (− 1)
−1
(2 −1
+ ((( + 2 −1
=
8
!, '<- (1 + ) = 0
+ 1
+ 2 2
+ ((( + + ((( +
%7_ E '7 , 0@-
(1 + ) −1
= 1
+2 2
+3 3 2
+ ((( + −1
+ ((( + −1

. J TO , '-
(1 − 2) = 1 + 2 2 (− 2) + 3 3 (− 2)2 + ((( + (− 2) −1 + ((( + (− 2) −1
−1

⇔ (− 1) (− 1) = (− 1) + (− 1) 2(2 2 + (− 1) 2(3 3 + ((( +

−1 −1 −1 1 −2 −3

+ (− 1) ( (2 −1 + ((( + (− 1) (− 2 ) ( (
− −1 −2

⇔ (− 1) + (− 1) (2(2( 2 + (− 1) (2(3( 3 + ((( + (− 1) ( (2 −1 + ((( +

−1 1 −2 −3 −1

+ 2 −1( = U ' V
47 ( . 2 9R
2 −1 0
+ ( − 1)2 −2
3 1
+ ( − 2 )2 −3 2
3 2
+ ((( + 3 −1 −1
= (5 −1

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

8
!, '<- ( + 3) = 0
+ 1 −1
3+ 2 −2
3 + ((( +
2
3
%W_ E '7 , 0@-
( + 3)
−1
= 0 −1
+ ( − 1) 1 −2
3 + ( − 2) 2 −3
3 2 + ((( + −1
3 −1

. J TO , '-
2 −1 0
+ ( − 1)2 −2
3 1
+ ( − 2 )2 −3 2
3 2
+ ((( + 3 −1 −1
= (5 −1
U ' V
4 7 9- . 2 9R -
−1 −1 −2 −2 −3 −3 −1 −1
0
1 (3 (5 + 2(31(5 + 3 (3 2 5 + ((( + (3 0
= (8
8
!, '<- ( + ) = + −1 −1
+ −2 2 −2
+ ((( + 0

%W_ E '7 , 0@ , '-

( + ) −1
= −1 −1
+2 −2
( −2
+ ((( + −1 0

. J T O YN , O mA , '-
−1 −1 −2 −2 −3 −3 −1 −1
1(3 (50
+ 2(3 (5 1
+ 3(3 2 5 + ((( + (3 0
= (8 U ' V
47 > . 2 9R
2 (1 ( 2
+ 3 (2 ( 3
+ 4 (3 ( −2
+ ((( + ( − 1) = ( − 1)2 −2

8
!, '<- (1 + ) = + 0 1
+ 2 2
+ ((( +
%W_ E '7 -
(1 + ) −1 = 1
+2 2
+3 3 2
+ ((( + −1

%W_ E '7 -
( − 1)(1 + ) −2 = 2 2
+ 3 (2 3
+ ((( + ( − 1) −2

. J TO , '-
2 (1 ( 2
+ 3 (2 ( 3
+ 4 (3 ( −2
+ ((( + ( − 1) = ( − 1)2 −2
U ' V

47 8 . 2 9R
( − 1)3 −2
+ ( − 1)( − 2 )3 −3 1
4 −1
+ ( − 2)( − 3)3 −4
42 −2
+ ((( +
+ 2 (1 (4 −2 2
= ( − 1)7 −2

8
!, '<- (x + 4) = C x + C x 4 + C
n n
n
n n −1
n
n −1 n−2
n x n−2
4 + C nn −3 x n −3 4 3 + ... +
2

C n2 x 2 4 n − 2 + C n1 x 4 n −1 + C n0 4 n
%7_ E '7 -
n( x + 4 ) = nC nn x n −1 + (n − 1)C nn −1 x n − 2 4 + (n − 2 )C nn − 2 x n −3 4 2 +
n −1

(n − 3)C nn−3 x n−4 4 3 + ... + 2C n2 x4 n−2 + C n1 4 n−1

%7_ E '7 -
n(n − 1)( x + 4 ) = n(n − 1)C nn x n − 2 + (n − 1)(n − 2 )C nn −1 x n −3 4 +
n−2

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

(n − 2)(n − 3)C nn−2 x n−4 4 2 + (n − 3)(n − 4)x n−5 4 3 + ... + 2C n2 4 n−2

. J TOY , '-
( − 1)3 −2
+ ( − 1)( − 2 )3 −3 1
4 −1
+ ( − 2 )( − 3)3 −4
42 −2
+ ((( +
+ 2(1(4 −2 2
= ( − 1)7 −2
U ' V
47 . 2 9R
C + 2C + 3C + ... + nC nn −1 = (n + 2 )2 n −1
0
n
1
n
2
n

8
. ' ,- !, '<-
(1 + ) = 0
+ 1
+ 2 2
+ 3 3
+ ((( +
(1 + ) = 0
+ 1 2
+ 2 3
+ 3 4
+ ((( + +1

%7_ E '7 , 0@-

(1 + ) + (1 + ) −1 = 0
+2 1
+3 2 2
+4 3 3
+ ((( + ( + 1)
. J TO , '-
2 + 2 −1
= 0
+2 1
+3 2
+ ((( + ( + 1)
⇔ C n0 + 2C n1 + 3C n2 + ... + nC nn −1 = (n + 2 )2 n −1 U ' V
. ' - ! ' =E H 2' -
!, '<- ! O 0
+ 2 + 3 2 + ((( + ( + 1)
1

O 0 + (1 + 1) 1 + (2 + 1) 2 + ((( + ( + 1)
1
+2 2
+ 3 3 + ((( + 0
+ 1
+ 2
+ ((( +
O + O! ^!
!1 !
!, '<- (1 + ) = 0 + 1 + 2 2
+ 3 3
+ ((( + UhV
%7_ E , 0@ , '-
(1 + ) −1 = 1
+2 2
+3 3 2
+ ((( + −1

. J TO , '-
−1 −1
1
+2 2
+3 3
+ ((( + = 2 ! = (2
. J TO ,_0E , 9 Q UhV , '-
0
+ 1
+ 2
+ ((( + =2 ! =2
C 0#_- ! O ! ^ ! O ( ^ OU ^ V U ' V
47 . 2 9R -
11 1
+ 22 2
+ 33 3
+ ((( + + ((( + = ( + 1)2 −2

8
!, '<- ! O 1 + 2 1
+3 1
+ ((( + 2
+ ((( +
2 3 3

O 1 + (1 + 1)2 2 + (2 + 1)3 3 + ((( + [( − 1) + 1] + ((( + [( − 1) + 1]

O [1(2( 2 + 2(3( 3 + 3(4( 4 + ((( + ( − 1) ( ] + [ 1
+2 2
+3 3
((( + ]
O! ^!
(1 + ) = 0
+ 1
+ 2 2
+ 3 3
+ ((( +

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

%7_ E '7 -
(1 + ) −1
= 1
+2 2
+3 3 2
+ ((( + −1
UhV
%7_ E '7 -
( − 1)(1 + ) −2 = 2 2
+ 3 (2 ( 3
+ ((( + (( − 1) −2

. J TO , '-
! O 1(2( + 2(3( 3 + ((( + ( − 1)
2

! ,_T O 0E , 0@'G, UhV , '-

! O 1
+ 2 + 3 + ((( +
2 3
= (2 −1
C <- ! O ! ^ ! O U V ^ ( O U ^ V U ' V
( ) * + ,
V . ' Z' 8 -
^ -. J , 9 Q * 2' 134
^ - %7_ 6' \ , 0@0Z '# 6'
^ Y - 6 6' \ , 0@ @ ?$8
V1 # F' 9 'G, E Q' J ' ' 8
,(a @ 9 'G, H 2' '< ' 2, 0 0E U F' 0
2 0E . V W g$
9 X F' 8 & 5 0*
(ae X ; 9 '< - − − −
, ' J '# 6' \ =E
'(a. J I * 2' 134 D, 0E ' ' [A ,$ b= ' ' F'
9 'G, 6' \
47 . 2 9R
0
+
1
2
1
+
1
3
2
+ ((( +
1
+1
=
1
+1
2 ( +1
−1 )
8
!, '<- (1 + ) = 0
+ 1
+ 2 2
+ 3 3
+ ((( +
1

0
(1 + ) =
1

0
( 0
+ 1
+ 2 2
+ 3 3
+ ((( + )
2 2 3 +1 2
1
⇔ (1 + ) +1 = 0
+ 1
+ 2
+ ((( +
+1 0 2 3 +1 0
+1 +1
22
2 3
2 3 −1
⇔2 0
+ 1
+ 2
+ ((( + = U ' V
2 3 +1 +1
47 & . 2 9R -
+1 +1 +1
2 −1
1
2 −12
23 − 1 2 −1 3 −2
0
+ 1
+ 2
+ ((( + =
1 2 3 +1 +1
8
!, '<- (1 + ) = 0
+ 1
+ 2 2
+ 3 3
+ ((( +
2

1
(1 + ) =
1
2
( 0
+ 1
+ 2 2
+ 3 3
+ ((( + )

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

2 2 3 +1 2
1
⇔ (1 + ) +1 = 0
+ 1
+ 2
+ ((( +
+1 1
2 3 +1 1
+1 +1 +1
2 −1 1
2 −12
2 −1 3
2 −1 3 −2
⇔ 0
+ 1
+ 2
+ ((( + = U ' V
1 2 3 +1 +1
47 ' - . 2 9R -
2 2 2 2 2 +1
2 0
2 + 2
2 + 4
2 + ((( + 2
2 =
3 5 2 +1 2 +1
8
!, '<- (1 + ) = 2 0
2 + 1
2 + 2
2
2
+ 3
2
3
+ ((( + 2
2
2

−1
(1 + )2 =
1

−1
( 0
2 + 1
2 + 2
2
2
+ 3
2
3
+ ((( + 2
2
2
)
1 2 3 2 +1 1
1
⇔ (1 + )2 +1 = 0
2 + 1
2 + 2
2 + ((( + 2
2
2 +1 −1
2 3 2 +1 −1

2 2 2 2 2 +1
2 0
2 + 2
2 + 4
2 + ((( + 2
2 = U ' V
3 5 2 +1 2 +1
47 ( . 2 9R -
1 1 1 1 2 2 +1 − 1
0
+ 1
+ 2
+ ((( + =
2 4 6 2 +2 2( + 1)
8
!, '<- (1 + 2
) = 0
+ 1 2
+ 2 4
+ 3 6
+ ((( + 2

(1 + ) = + 2 0 1 3
+ 2 5
+ 3 7
+ ((( + 2 +1

0
1
(1 + ) = ( 2
1

0
0
+ 1 3
+ 2 5
+ 3 7
+ ((( + 2 +1
)
2 +2 1
(1 + )(1 + )
2 4 6 8
1 1
⇔ 2 2
= 0
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
+ ((( +
2 0 2 4 6 8 2 0
1
⇔
2(2 + 1)
(1 + )1 2 +1
=
1
2
0
+
1
4
1
+
1
6
2
+ ((( +
1
2 +2
0

1 1 1 1 2 +1 − 1
⇔ 0
+ 1
+ 2
+ ((( + = U ' V
2 4 6 2 +1 2( + 1)
47 9 . 2 9R -
1 1 2 2003
0
2003 + 1
2003 + ((( + 2002
2003 =
3 2003 2004
8
!, '<- (1 + ) 2 +1
+ 0
2 +1 + 1
2 +1 + 2
2 +1
2
+ 3
2 +1
3
+ ((( + 2 +1
2 +1
2 +1

−1
(
1
1+ )
2 +1
=
1

−1
( 0
2 +1 + 1
2 +1 + 2
2 +1
2
+ 3
2 +1
3
+ ((( + 2 +1
2 +1
2 +1
)

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

⇔
(1+ )
2 +2 1
= 0
+
2
1
+
3
2
+
4
3
+ ((( +
2 +2
2 +1
1

2 +1 2 +1 2 +1 2 +1 2 +1
2 +2 −1
2 3 4 2 +2 −1
2 +2
2 2 2
⇔2 0
2 +1 + 2
2 +1 + ((( + 2
2 +1 =
3 2 +1 2 +2
. J O {{ , '-
2 2 2 2004
2 0
2003 + 2
2003 + ((( + 2003
2003 =
3 2003 2004
1 1 2 2003
⇔ 0
2003 + 1
2003 + ((( + 2003 =
2002
U ' V
3 2003 2004
47 > . 2 9R -
1 1 1 1 2 +1 − 1
0
+ 1
+ 2
+ ((( + =
3 6 9 3 +3 3( + 1)
8
!, '<- (1 + 3
) = 0
+ 1 3
+ 2 6
+ 3 9
+ ((( + 3

2
(1 + ) = 3 2 0
+ 1 5
+ 2 8
+ 3 11
+ ((( + 3 + 2

0
(1 + )
2 3
=
0
1
( 2 0
+ 1 5
+ 2 8
+ 3 11
+ ((( + 3 +2
)
3 +3 1
(1 + )(1 + )
3 6 9 12
1 1 1 3 +2
⇔ 3 3
O 0
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
+ ((( +
3 0 3 6 9 12 3 +3 0

⇔
(1 + ) 3 +1 1

=
1 0
+
1 1
+
1 2
+ ((( +
1
3( + 1) 0 3 6 9 3 +3
1 1 1 1 2 +1 − 1
⇔ 0
+ 1
+ 2
+ ((( + = U ' V
3 6 9 3 +3 3( + 1)
47 ? !6 6' \ - …= {
(1 − ) 2
U ∈ v + V ( !p <' 2 9R -
1 0
−
1 1
+
1 2
−
1 3
+ ((( +
(− 1) =
1
2 4 6 8 2( + 1) 2( + 1)
8
!, '<- … = (1 − ) 0
1
2
=−
1
2
1

0
(1 − ) (1 − ) 2 2

1 (1 − ) 2 +1 1
1
O− = U V
2 +1 0 2( + 1)
!, '<-
(1 − ) = − 2 0 1 2
+ 2 4
− 3 6
+ ((( + (− 1) 2

(1 − ) = 2 0
− 1 3
+ 2 5
− 3 7
+ ((( + (− 1) 2 +1

(1 − )
1

0
2
=
1

0
0
−
1

0
1 3
+
0
1
2 5
−
0
1
3 7
+ ((( + (− 1)
0
1
2 +1

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

2 1 4 1 6 1 8 1
2 2 +2 1

0
1
(1 − ) 2
= 0

2
− 1

4
+ 2

6
− 3

8
+ ((( + (− 1)
2 +2
0 0 0 0 0

1 1 1 1 1
0
− 1
+ 2
− 3
+ ((( + (− 1) U V
2 4 6 8 2 +2
!pU V 0E U V , $_9,
1 0
−
1 1
+
1 2
−
1 3
+ ((( +
(− 1) =
1
U ' V
2 4 6 8 2( + 1) 2( + 1)
% * - . /0
h # Ti -
(a!6 & Q$ 2' '<' 2, ,_' 2 & H 2' '<' 2,
,$(
(aSD ' ,$ j, ' I =E ` A @ 9 Z' ' @ ?$8U 2' =E ]$ 8
' 2 VA 'k ` Y ' , @ 9 Z' ' @ ?$8(
Y(a @' ' # F' 9 'G, E Q' J ' ' 8 ' ' F'
9 'G,
C 6 l > ' I , ' / ]'# @ Y ' ' 8` E_=E ' ' [A ' '
m 0E ' ' n ` (
& P , 9 Q * 2' 134 U,^ V N U,^ TV ( S,$ <' J ,A A T 6'
E - !6 - = 2004 0
+ 2004
1
+ 20042
+ ((( + 20042004

8
!, '<- (1 + ) = 2004 + 2004 + 2004 + 2004 3 + ((( + 2004
2004 0 1 2 2 3 2004 2004

. J TO , ' - S O {{[
E - !6 - = 2004 0
+ 2 2004
1
+ 3 2004 2
+ ((( + 2005 2004
2004

8
. ' ,- ! ' E , -
!, '<- = ( 20040
+ 20041
+ 20042
+ ((( + 2004
2004
) + ( 2004
1
+ 2 2004
2
+ 3 2004
3
+ ((( + 2004 2004
2004
)
OS ^S
!, '<- (1 + )2004 = 2004 0
+ 20041
+ 2004
2 2
+ ((( + 2004 2004 2004
UhV
. J TO , ' - S O {{[
%7_ E '7 , 0@'G, UhV -
2004(1 + )2003 = 1
2004 +2 2
2004 + ((( + 2004 2004
2004
2003

. J TO , ' - S O {{[( {{Y

#_- S O {{[ ^ {{[( {{Y O {{Y( {{n
. ' -
!, '<- (1 + )2004 = 2004
0
+ 2004
1
+ 2004
2 2
+ ((( + 2004
2004
2004

(1 + )2004 = 0
2004 + 1
2004
2
+ 2
2004
3
+ ((( + 2004
2004
2005

%7_ E , 0@-
(1 + ) 2004
+ 2004 (1 + )2003 = 0
2004 +2 1
2004 +3 2 2
2004 + ((( + 2005 2004 2004
2004

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

. J TO , '-
{{[
SO ^ {{[( {{Y O {{Y( {{n
E Y- !6 - = 0 + 1 (31 + 2 (3 2 + ((( + (3
8
!, '<- (1 + ) = 0 + 1 + 2 2
+ 3 3
+ ((( +
. J TOY , '-SO[
E [ - !6 ' ' ,$-
,V 1 = 2 + 2 + 2 + ((( +
0 2 4 2
2
2 −1
V 2 = 21 + 23 + 25 + ((( + 2

8
,V !, '<- (1 + ) = 2 0
2 + 1
2 + 2
2
2
+ ((( + 2 −1
2
2 −1
+ 2
2
2

. J TO , '-
2 −1
22 = 0
2 + 1
2 + 2
2 + ((( + 2 + 2
2 U V
. J TO , '-
2 −1
0= 0
2 − 1
2 + 2
2 − 3
2 + ((( − 2 + 2
2 U V
%7_U V '& 0Z U V , '-
2 2
=2 ( 0
2 + 2
2 + 4
2 + ((( + 2
2 ) 1 = 22 −1

V %7_U V 9p U V , '-
2 2
=2 ( 1
2 + 3
2 + 5
2 + ((( + 2 −1
2 ) 1 = 22 −1

E m - !6 S O 0
2004 + 32 2
2004 + 34 4
2004 + ((( + 3 2004 2004
2004

8
!, '<- (1 + ) 2004
= 0
2004 + 1
2004 + 2
2004
2
+ ((( + 2004
2004
2004

. J TOY , '-
4 2004
= 0
2004 + 1
2004 (31 + 2
2004 (3 2 + ((( + 2004
2004 (3 2004
. J TO Y , '-
2 2004
= 0
2004 − 1
2004 (31 + 2
2004 (3 2 − ((( + 2004
2004 (3 2004
.& 0@ 3 0@ , H 2' 9> , '-
4 2004
+2 2004
=2 ( 0
2004 + 2
2004 (3 +2 4
2004 (3 4 + ((( + 2004
2004 (3 2004 )
2 2008 + 2 2004
=
2
= 2 2004 2 2003 − 1 ( )
4 7 ( !6 - S O 115 + 116 + 117 + 8
11 + 9
11 + 10
11 + 11
11

8
!, '<- S O + 1 0Z 1 = 5
11 + + + 119 + 6
11
7
11
8
11
10
11 + 11
11

! 3 'L 2' - = − 3 -
S O S O 110 + 111 + 112 + 113 + 114 + 115
1 + 2 = 0
11 + 1
11 + 2
11 + 3
11 + 4
11 + 5
11 + 6
11 + 7
11 + 8
11 + 9
11 + 10
11 + 11
11

(1 + )11 = 0
11 + 1
11 + 2
11
2
+ 3
11
3
+ ((( + 11 11
11

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

. J TO , '-
2 = 11 0
11 + 1
11 + 2
11 + 3
11 + 4
11 + 5
11 + 6
11 + 7
11 + 8
11 + 9
11 + 10
11 + 11
11

1 + 2 =2 11

{
eE S O S > S O

C <- S O 5
+ 1 = 5
11 + 210 = 1486
E u - !6 = 1
+ 3( 2
+ 7( 3
+ ((( + 2 − 1 ( )
8
. ' ,-! ' E 6' -
!, '<- = + (2 − 1) 2 + (2 3 − 1) 3 + ((( + (2 − 1)
1 2

O (21 1 + 2 2 2 + 23 3 + ((( + 2 ) − ( 1 + 2 + 3 + ((( + )

O (2 0 0 + 21 1 + 2 2 2 + ((( + 2 ) − ( 0 + 1 + 2 + ((( + )
OS ^S
(1 + ) = 0
+ 1
+ 2 2
+ 3 3
+ ((( +
. J TO , '-
0
+ 1
2 + 1 2
2 2 + ((( + 2 =3 ⇔ 1 =3
. J TO , '-
0
+ 1
+ 2
+ ((( + =2 ⇔ 2 =2
#_S O Y :
. ' - =7_ E 0E 6' \
!, '<- (1 + ) = 0 + 1 +
0 2 2
+ 3 3
+ ((( +
%7_ E '7 -
(1 + ) −1 = 1
+2 2
+3 3 2
+ ((( + −1

%7_ 6' \ 0@-

1
2
(1 + ) −1 =
1
2
( 1
+2 2
+3 2 3
+ ((( + −1
)
2 2
⇔ (1 + ( ) = 1
+ 2 2
+ 3 3
+ ((( + )
1 1

⇔ (2 − 1) + (2
1 1 2
−1 ) 2
+ 2 −1 ( 3
) 3
+ ((( + 2 − 1 ( ) =3 −2
#_S O Y :
E | - !6 S O2 0
+ 2 −151 1
+ 2 −15 2 2
+ ((( + 5
8
!, '<- ( + ) = + 0 −1 1
+ −2 2 2
+ ((( +
. J ,O NTOm , '-
2 0
+ 2 −15 1
+2 −2
52 2
+ ((( + 5 =7
#_S O u
E y - !6 -SO 0
2004 +3 1
2004 +4 2
2004 +5 3
2004 + ((( + 2006 2004
2004

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

. ' ,- ! ' E , -
!, '<-
= 0
2004 + (1 + 2) 1
2004 + (2 + 2) 2
2004 + (2 + 3) 3
2004 + ((( + (2 + 2004) 2004
2004

O ( 1
2004 +2 2
2004 +3 3
2004 + ((( + 2004 2004
2004 )
+2 ( 0
2004 + 1
2004 + 2
2004 + ((( + 2004
2004 )− 0
2004

OS ^ S :
(1 + )2004
= 0
2004 + 1
2004 + 2
2004
2
+ 3
2004
3
+ ((( + 2004
2004
2004
UhV
%7_ E , 0@-
2004(1 + )2003 = 1
2004 +2 2
2004 +3 3
2004
2
+ ((( + 2004 4
2004
2003

. J TO , '
1
2004 +2 2
2004 +3 3
2004 + ((( + 2004 2004
2004 = 2004(2 2003
{{Y
⇔ S O {{[(
. J TO ,_0E UhV , '-
0
2004 + 1
2004 + 2
2004 + ((( + 2004
2004 = 2 2004
S O {{[
#_S O {{[( {{Y ^ ( {{[ :
. ' - CK E ,$ \ > 0Z T -
!, '<- (1 + ) = 2004 + 2004
2004 0 1
+ 2
2004
2
+ 3
2004
3
+ ((( + 2004
2004
2004

2
(1 + )2004 = 0
2004
2
+ 1
2004
3
+ 2
2004
4
+ 3
2004
5
+ ((( + 2004
2004
2006

%7_ E , 0@ , '
2 (1 + )
2004
=2 0
2004 +3 1
2004
2
+4 3
2004
3
+5 4
2004
4
+ ((( + 2006 2004
2004
2005

. J TO , '-
2 0
2004 +3 1
2004 +4 2
2004 +5 3
2004 + ((( + 2006 2004
2004

= 0
2004 +3 1
2004 +4 2
2004 + ((( + 2006 2004
2004 = 2(2 2004 + 2004(2 2003 − 1
E { - !6
B O 2 0 + 2 −2 2
+2 −4 4
+ (((
O 2 −1 1 + 2 −3 3
+2 −5 5
+ (((
8
!, '<- ( + 1) = + 0 −1 1
+ −2 2
+ −3 3
+ (((
−1 −2
. J TO , '- 3 =2 0
+2 1
+2 2
+ (((
⇔3 = 2 ( 0
+2 −2 2
+2 −4 4
+ ((( + 2 ) ( −1 1
+2 −3 3
+2 −5 5
+ ((( )
⇔3 =B+ U V
eF ' - ( − 1) = 0
− −1 1
+ −2 2
− −3 3
+ (((
⇔ ( − 1) + −1 1
+ −3 3
+ ((( = 0
+ −2 2
+ −4 4
+ (((

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

. J TO , '-
−1 −3 −2 −4
1+ 2 1
+2 3
+ ((( = 2 0
+2 2
+2 4
+ (((
⇔ 1+ =B U V

B+ =Y
B= (3 +1 )
!pU V 0E U V , '<- ⇔
B= +
= (3 −1 )

' ) @ 7
E - !6 - S O 18 0
18 + 17 1
18 + 16 2
18 + ((( + 17
18

8
!, '<- (1 + ) = +
18 0
18
18 1
18
17
+ 2
18
16
+ ((( + 18
18

%7_ E , 0@-
18(1 + )17 = 18 0
18
17
18 + 17 1
18
16
+ 16 2
18
15
+ (((( 17
18

. J TO , '-
18 0
18 + 17 1
18 + 16 2
18 + ((( + 17
18 = 18(217
u
#_S O |(

E !6 -
= 2004(3 2003 0
2004 + 2003(3 2002 1
2004 + 2002(3 2001 2
2004 + ((( + 2003
2004

8
!, '<- ( + 1) = 2004 2004 0
2004 + 2003 1
2004 + 2002 2
2004 + 2001 3
2004 + ((( + 2004
2004

%7_ E '7 , 0@-

2004( + 1)
2003
= 2004( 2003 0
2004 + 2003 2002 1
2004 + 2002( 2001 2
2004 + ((( + 2003
2004

. J TOY , ' - S = 2004.42003

& ! & F' ; 'G, (

5 -
n
?$ - ( a + b ) =
n
@ ; 2' 34 Z Cnk a n −1b k
k =0

!6 o'G, T0E _
CD, 0E 8 @ Q6 ( !p < $_9, F' ; '
4 7 A+
10
1
47 -,( ! ; 'G, T[ 9 , 9 Q - x+
x

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

40
1
(! ; 'G, TY 9 , 9 Q - x+
x2
21
[Y 1
'( ! ; 'G, T 9 , 9Q - x + 5
3
x2
7
1
(! L ' 2, T 9 , 9Q - 3
x+ 4
x
10 k
1 10
k 10 − k 1 10
"C - !, '< x + = C x 10 = C10k x10− 2 k ( ! 3 ]9, - { O[ k =3
x k =0 x k =0

#_ ; ' 2, T[ =E C = 120 3
10

( )S - C403 = 9880 '( C213 = 1330 ( ( C74 = 35

n
1
47 - @ 9R 9 , 9Q x− '< ; 'G, 2Y R m ( "b_
3
' 6 j, 'G, , 9 Q 9> (
n
1 1 1
"C - !, '<- x − O Cn0 x n − Cn1 x n −1 + Cn2 x n− 2 − ....
3 3 9
! 3 8 @- ; 'G, 2Y 9 , 9 Q 9> =E -
10
1 2 n! n = 10 1
Cn = 5 ⇔ = 45 ⇔ (P < O { , 9Q x− †'<
9 2!( n − 2 ) ! n = −9 3
3
1 28 5
C < ' 6 q, =E 2n 0E <=E - C105 x5 − =− x
3 27
3
47 % - . , 9 Q ( x3 + 3 2
)n ( @ ; 'G, , $ > 9
x
, 9 Q 9> R nY ( ! ; 'G, '<' 2, x5
3n 3( n −1) 3( n − 2 )
3 3 32
"C - ( x3 + 3
) n = Cn0 x 2 + Cn1 x 2
. + Cn2 x 2
. + ... +
x2 3
x2 3
x4
! 'G, , $ > =E -
n!
Cn0 + 3Cn1 + 9Cn2 = 631 ⇔ 1 + 3n + 9 = 631 ⇔ n = 12 ( P <-
2!( n − 2 ) !
k

( )
12 12 13 k
3 12 − k
3 18 − 13k
( x +
3 n
) O C k
12 x 3
= C12k x 6.
.3k ( ! 3 8 @ - 18 − =5⇔k =6
3
x2 k =0
3
x2 k =0 6
5 6 6
#_ ; 'G, x =E C 3 12

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

n
1
E [- @ ; 'G, Y $ > 9 , 9 Q - x 3 3 + 15 R uy
x 28
(! L l $&' 0E T
"C - ; 'G, Y $ > 'G, , 9 Q =E- Cn0 + Cn1 + Cn2 = 79 ⇔ n = 12
12 4 12 − k 28 48 k
12 12
1 − 16 −
P < , 9 Q =E - x x + 15 3
= C k
12 x 3
.x 15
= C x k
12
15
(! 3 8 @
x 28 k =0 k =0

48k
- n = 0 ⇔ k = 5A #_ L ' 2, T =E uy
15
n
| 1
E [- ; T 9 , 9 Q - 3 + x5 ( @ 9R - Cnn++41 − Cnn+3 = 70n + 3
x
( n + 4 )! − ( n + 3)! = 7 n + 3 ⇔ n = 12
! 3 8 @ - Cnn++41 − Cnn+3 = 70n + 3 ⇔ ( )
3!( n + 1) ! 3!n !
n 12 12 11k
5
1 1 1 12
−3 k (12 − k ) 12 30 −
P <- 3
+ x5 O 3
+ x5 O x x + 15 3
= k
C x
12 .x 2
= C xk
12
2

x x x 28 k =0 k =0

11k
B C D 3 8 @ 30 − =8⇔ k =4 ( #_ ; 'G, T| =E -[ym
2
, 9 Q (1 + x 2 ) R
n
E m- @ ' ' ; 9 { [( ! ; T

!, '<- (1 + x 2 ) = Cn0 + Cn1 x 2 + Cn2 x 4 + ... + Cnn x 2 n ( !

n
' ' ; -
10
<- (1 + x 2 ) = (1 + x 2 ) = =
n 10
Cn0 + Cn1 + Cn2 + ... + Cnn = 1024 ⇔ 2n = 210 A C10k x 2 k ( S$_9, - On
k =0

, 9 Q (1 + 2 x )
n
E n- @ 9 R nmn ( ; 'G, T[

)S - C84 24 O {
10
x
E u-! ; x y 6 2
9 , 9Q - xy + (
y
10 k 10 −3 k
10 10 − k 10 10 + k
x x
!, '<- xy + = C k
10 ( x. y ) 2 = C k
10 ( x) 2 y 2
y k =0 y k =0

10 + k
=6
2
! 3 ]9, , '<- ⇔k =2( \_ ; - C102 = 45
10 − 3k
=2
2

( )
12
E |-. , 9Q - 3
xy 2 + xy (! ' 2, TA _ , ' o'G, T A _=E
' ' $_> (

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

( )
12 12 12 − k k 12 24 + k 48 − k
!, '< 3
xy 2 + xy O= (
C12k x. y 2 ) ( xy )
3 2 = C12k ( x ) 6 y 6

k =0 k =0

0 ≤ k ≤ 12
k =0
24 + k
. J b b - ∈Z ⇔ k = 6 ( #_' ' ' - C120 x 4 y 8 ; C126 x5 y 7 ; C1212 x 6 y 6
6
k = 12
48 − k
∈Z
6
E |- ' ' q=E ' $_> - ( 3 + 3 2)19
( ) ( )
19 19 − k k 19 19 − k k
!, '<- ( 3 + 3 2)19 O = C19k 3 3
2 = C19k ( 3) 2 ( 2 ) 3 ( Q' ' q=E ' '
k =0 k =0

$_> -
k∈N
m; k ∈ N m; k ∈ N m; k ∈ N
0 ≤ k ≤ 19 m =1 k =3
0 ≤ k ≤ 19 0 ≤ k ≤ 19;0 ≤ 3m ≤ 19 0≤m≤6
19 − k ⇔ ⇔ 19 − 3m ⇔ m=3
∈ N ⇔ 19 − k 19 − 3m k =9
2 ∈N ∈N ∈N
2 2 2 m=5 k = 15
k
∈N k = 3m k = 3m k∈N
3
8
E y-! ; 'G, T| 9 , 9 Q - 1 + x 2 (1 − x ) }
!, '<-
8 k 8 8 k 8 k i
8
1 + x (1 − x ) O x (1 − x ) (1 − x ) ( −1) C ( −1) C8k Cki x 2k +i
k i
2
C k
8
2
= C x k
8
2k
= C x k
8
2k i
k x i

k =0 k =0 k =0 i =0 k =0 i =0

0≤i≤k ≤8 0≤i≤k ≤4
k = 4∧i = 0
! 3 8 @- i; k ∈ N ⇔ i; k ∈ N ⇔
k = 3∧i = 2
2k + i = 8 2k + i = 8
#_ ; 'G, T| =E C84C40 + C83C32 = 238

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

' ! ; =Z 7 9 , 9Q (
5 -
P , 9 Q * 2' 34 Z ?$ (
)F ak =E ; ?$ 'G, 9 , 9Q
Ti 6 5 ;$'G, b_ {ak } ( !p < Q $_9, ( ak ) max
. Id- QTi 6 5 ;$'G, {ak } 0Z k ∈ N , q l -
ak +1
• Ti r -
ak
• si ;$- ak +1 − ak
, 9 Q (1 + x ) ( !9
101
4 7 - ,(!9 ' ' ; 'G, ' ' (! ; =Z
7(
, 9 Q (1 + 2 x ) ( !
30
( !9 ; =Z 7 9 ' ' ; 'G, ' '
9 , 9 Q 9> (
40
1 2
'( ! ; =Z 7 9 ' ' ; 'G, , 9Q - + x
3 3
101
"C -,( !, '<- (1 + x ) =
101 k
C101 x k ( "; ?$ - ak = C101
k
0Z 0 ≤ k ≤ 101
k =0

ak +1 C k
101! k !(101 − k ) ! 101 − k ak +1 101 − k
si r - = 101
= . = ≥1⇔ ≥1
ak C k
101 ( k + 1)!(100 − k )! 101! k +1 ak k +1
⇔ 0 ≤ k ≤ 50 ( S$_9, b_ {ak } 0Z ∀0 ≤ k ≤ 50 ak ≤ a50 = C101 50

1 0#_- 51 ≤ k ≤ 101 {ak } 8 ( S$_9, ak ≤ a51 = C101

51
= C101
50
(
#_ ( ak ) max = a50 = C101
50

30
( !, '<- (1 + 2 x ) =
30
C30k 2k x k ( "; ?$ - ak = 2k C30k 0Z 0 ≤ k ≤ 30
k =0

ak +1 2 C30k +1
k +1
30! k !( 30 − k ) ! 30 − k ak +1 30 − k
si r - = k k =2 . =2 ≥1⇔ 2 ≥1
ak 2 C30 ( k + 1)!( 29 − k )! 30! k +1 ak k +1
⇔ 0 ≤ k ≤ 19 ( S$_9, b_ {ak } 0Z ∀0 ≤ k ≤ 19 (ak ) max = a19
a20 30 − 19
1 0#_- 20 ≤ k ≤ 30 {ak } 8 ( S$_9, (ak ) max = a20 (e E = 2. >1 a20 > a19
a19 20
#_ ( ak ) max = a20 = C3020 220
40
1 2 1 1 40 1
'( !, '<- + x = 40 (1 + 2 x ) = 40 C40k 2k x k ( ";
40
?$ - ak = 40 2k C40k 0Z
3 3 3 3 k =0 3
0 ≤ k ≤ 40
a 2k +1 C k +1 40! k !( 40 − k ) ! 40 − k ak +1 40 − k
si r - k +1 = k k40 = 2 . =2 ≥1⇔ 2 ≥1
ak 2 C40 ( k + 1)!( 39 − k )! 40! k +1 ak k +1

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'
 –

⇔ 0 ≤ k ≤ 26 ( S$_9, b_ {ak } 0Z ∀0 ≤ k ≤ 26 (ak ) max = a26

a20 40 − 26
1 0#_- 27 ≤ k ≤ 40 {ak } 8 ( S$_9, (ak ) max = a27 (e E = 2. >1 a20 > a19
a19 27
1 27 27
#_ ( ak ) max = a27 = C40 2
340
E -

–! ! – !" ! "#$%&'