Lp k hoch v lch trnh cng vic

Hng nm, c vo dp thng 9, khng ch cc nh qun tr m c cc nh qun l d n chuyn nghip u bn rn vi cc cu hi: Nm sau s lm g? Lm th no? Cn thm bao nhiu ngi? Thm bao nhiu tin pht trin? H s rt vt v cng cc cng s xy dng k hoch kinh doanh hay k hoch hnh ng cho nm tip theo. au u k hoch hng nm K hoch, iu thch thc ln vi hu ht cc nh qun l, c bit l vi cc doanh nghip VN. Lm th no c th tng trng nh k vng? c bit l vi cc nhm d n, vic xc nh r rng mc ch yu cu v k hoch hnh ng a team t n mc tiu s do trng nhm cng nh cc thnh vin trong nhm bao gm nhiu chc nng m bo tnh lin thng, lin b phn tho lun, tranh lun. D liu cn thit xy dng k hoch T mc tiu thng nht cn c trn kt qu nm qua v lch s 2 n 5 nm lin k, s tng trng ca th trng, mc cnh tranh, th phn ca mnh v dung lng c th tng (gim) ca th trng do s pht trin hay nh tr do thay i i sng kinh t x hi, nhm lp k hoch kinh doanh c th p dng cc phng php c kim nghim qua thi gian lp k hoch lm

vic v cng trin khai k hoch . Trn thc t, d c Project leader nhng nhm nn c tc nghip lin thng bao gm cc b phn chc nng lin quan t Marketing, sale, sn xut, HR, c s ng gp phn bin tch cc cho nhng phng php c kim nghim qua thi gian c ci nhn ton din v cam kt cao nht ca cc b phn, t m bo tnh kh thi ca d n. K hoch khng th do mt ngi thit lp C mt suy ngh sai lm dn n vic v hiu ha hot ng ca tp th cng ty l K hoch ch do mt c nhn hay mt phng ban thc hin. Thc t vic Qun l v xy dng k hoch l hot ng cn theo mt quy trnh t tng hp v phn tch thng tin u vo, n b tr dn tri cng vic trn ngun lc (ti lc, nhn lc, vt lc) hin hu v gim st vi n lc tp trung do b rng buc bi thi gian. T c mt k hoch hnh ng tr li c cc cu hi 5W (what, why, who, when, where) v 2H (how they do that, how we do that v how much is it) mt cch xut sc nht m cc thnh vin chc nng lin quan cng lm vic v cam kt thc hin. Cc cng vic ny cn lin tc nh hng theo mc tiu t giai on khi u n lc kt thc, vic qun l d n v xy dng k hoch bao gm phn b con ngi v ngun lc, iu phi cc hot ng, s dng ngun lc v kim sot hiu sut hot ng. Vic lp k hoch cn bt u t mc tiu do lm r mc tiu l iu quan trng nht. Lm r mc tiu Hy pht trin doanh s nm sau tng trng 30%, duy tr t l li nhun, vi

mc tng trng ca th trng c d bo l tng 25%. Xc lp r cc yu cu cung cp thng tin, nhn lc, dng chy tin mt v cc trang thit b cn thit mt cch hp l m bo vic t ch tiu doanh s mt cch chnh xc, t hiu qu v mt chi ph v p ng yu cu ca khch hng. l mc tiu m hu ht cc nh qun l Marketing, sale, thng nghe. Vy mc tiu ny phi c hiu nh th no? Nh th no l hp l? Nh th no l chnh xc? Lm th no thc hin c iu trong thi gian hn nh? Chi ph thc hin v s nhn lc yu cu mc no mi c xem l hiu qu? Hay tm li, y l qu trnh t cu hi v phn bin lin tc. Tt c nhng cu hi 5W, 2H di nhiu hnh thc, cp , ny u cn phi c lm r, tt nht l cu tr li c a ra tho lun v thng nht. Qua thc t hn 5 nm t vn vi nhiu doanh nghip VN nh T., G., B, V, H cho thy s nhm ln tai hi khng ch ca nhn vin m ca c cc nh qun tr gia chin lc v c m, gia kht vng v o vng. iu ny xy ra do t duy n chiu v ch quan. V d c chin lc th ta cn hiu thu o 5 yu t cu thnh: Mc tiu mong mun; Mi trng cnh tranh; Hin trng doanh nghip; i tng nhm n t s cp n th cp v thi gian c th hon tt mc tiu; th nhng hu ht cc doanh nghip mi ch lng mng khi nim mc tiu l mun ch quan ca sp v cn trong u sp ch cha c truyn thng n cc b phn. Cng nh vy k hoch hnh ng ca doanh nghip li thng do mt c nhn hay mt nhm n chc thit k trong iu kin thiu d liu v s tranh lun phn bin tch cc ca cc b phn lin quan, th nn cc k hoch thng thiu thc tin v kt qu l chng ai mun theo, chng ai mun lm. Cu hi gi

Khi cc mc tiu r rng v c mi thnh vin chp nhn, hy xc nh nhng nhim v cn hon tt p ng tt c cc mc tiu . Cc thnh vin trong nhm cn tr li nhng cu hi sau: * Mc tiu l g? Ti sao phi hon tt mc tiu ny? * Tt c nhng nhim v phi thc hin t c cc mc tiu ny l g? * i tng nhm n cui cng l ai, ai l nhng i tng trung gian trong qu trnh i n i tng cui cng? * u l trnh t ti u thc hin cc nhim v ny? Nhim v no c th thc hin mt cch c lp, cn nhim v no phi c gii quyt ni tip nhau? * Tng nhim v phi c hon tt vi k hoch thi gian nh th no? * Mi trng cnh tranh l g? C nhng hot ng cnh tranh nh th no, mc no c th xy ra? Mc tng trng ca th trng l bao nhiu cho tt c, th phn hin ti ca ta l bao nhiu, xu hng gia tng th phn thi gian qua nh th no? * Hin trng (cc yu t ch quan v nhn lc, ti lc, vt lc,) * Cc tiu ch nh gi, phng thc nh gi v cc ct mc nh gi kt qu v mc tiu. Bng cch lin tc t cu hi v tm cu tr li l gii php cho cu hi qua tranh lun phn bin tch cc gia cc b phn v thnh vin lin quan, s dn thn, nhn lnh trch nhim v tnh cam kt ca cc thnh vin i din, ta c phng php xc nh nhim v trng tm v vi s iu phi ca Project leader, cc nhim v chnh v ph lin quan cng vic b tr thi gian, ngun

lc, cho cc nhim v mt cch ph hp s c hnh thnh. B quyt lp lch trnh d n 1. Xy dng mt danh sch bao gm cc nhim v c th 2. Nu r kt qu cn t c cho tng hot ng, v d: sn phm mu thm d th trng 3. Dng nhng kt qu lm c s lp lch trnh d n vi cc im mc v ngy n hn thc t 4. Nhn bit nhng khu nh tr c th lm o ln lch trnh 5. Xc nh cc bin php loi tr nhng nguyn nhn gy nh tr. Cc ri ro c th gp phi trn qu trnh i n mc tiu 6. Thit lp h thng kim sot v truyn thng cp nht v iu chnh lch trnh 7. m bo nhng thnh phn lin quan s tham gia v nm bt c thng tin v tin d n, cng nh bt k sa i no v lch trnh 8. Cc gii php d phng v phng thc chun b p dng khi cn thit. 9. Mt iu quan trng l mi c nhn tham gia vo nhm lp k hoch cn c t duy tch cc nhm gii quyt vn v ngay chnh cc c nhn cng cn l nhng ngi qun l tt cng vic ca mnh v c th i din cho b phn chc nng ca mnh trong vic bn tho k hoch vi cc b phn khc.