Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Heredity and Environment
Heredity and Environment
Part I
The Genetic Code From One Cell to Many From Genotype to Phenotype Chromosomal and Genetic Abnormalities
Chapter Three
Genome
the code for making a human being
Every person has a slightly different code, but the human genome is 99.5% the same for any 2 people.
genotype
An organisms entire genetic inheritance, or genetic potential
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a clone originates from a live organism ART general term for the technique designed to help infertile couples conceive and then sustain a pregnancy
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begins when a person is vulnerable and has more body fat than is ideal
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Down Syndrome
a condition in which a person has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46, with three rather than two chromosomes at the 21st position people with Down Syndrome typically have distinctive characteristics, including unusual facial features, heart abnormities, and language difficulties
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Dominant-Gene Disorders
everyone carries genes or alleles that could produce serous diseases or handicaps in the next generation 7,000 single-gene disorders
their dominant effects are apparent in the phenotype
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Fragile X Syndrome
a genetic disorder in which part of the X chromosome seems to be attached to the rest of it by a very thin string of molecules the actual cause is too many repetitions of a particular part of a genes code
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Recessive-Gene Disorder
most recessive disorders are not X-linked double recessive patterns are lethalone recessive gene is protective sometimes a person who carried a lethal gene has many descendants who marry each other the genetic disease then becomes common in that group
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high risk individuals (who might hear bad news) do not always want to know
the truth might jeopardize their marriage, their insurance coverage, or their chance of parenthood
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