Truyn hnh s theo tiu chun ATSC

ATSC cho php 36 chun Video t HDTV(High Definition Television ) n cc dng thc video SDTV((Standard Definition Television) vi cc phng thc qut (xen k,lin tc) v cc t l khun hnh khc nhau Tiu chun ATSC DTV c bit n l 1 h thng d nh dng truyn cc tn hiu Video,Audio, cht lng cao cng vi cc d liu khc trn cng 1 knh n 6 MHz. H thng ny c th chia s 1 cch ng tin cy khong 19Mbit/s trong 1 knh truyn hnh mt t 6MHz v khong 38Mbit/s trong 1 knh truyn hnh cp 6MHz. thc hin iu tn hiu Video ngun c th c m ha ti 5 ln dng bt tn hiu truyn hnh quy c(NTSC) gim xung ti 50 ln hoc cao hn.nhm thu nh tc dng bt. k thut nn video v Audio c dng trong h thng M ha v nn tn hiu ngun Cho php hn ch tc bt ( nn d liu) ph hp cho tng ng dng nh cc dng d liu video s, audio s v d liu ph(d liu iu kin v iu khin truy nhp, d liu phc v).

Ghp knh v truyn ti

Cc thng tin c chia nh thnh cc gi d liu, tng ng s c 1 phn tiu nhn bit cho 1 gi hoc mi loi gi, v tng ng th t thch hp cc gi d liu Viedo,Audio v d liu ph c ghp vo dng d liu n. H thng DTV s dng dng truyn ti Mpeg-2 ghp v truyn dn tn hiu Video,Audio v d liu trong h thng pht sng qung b(broadcast). Dng truyn ti ny cn c ng dng khi rng bng truyn trn 1 knh thng tin hay dung lng lu tr c hn hoc trong ng truyn vi cc mode truyn khng ng b(ATM). Thu/Pht: gm qu trnh iu ch v m ha knh truyn M ha knh truyn c nhim v cng thm cc thng tn vo dng bt d liu cc thng tin c s dng trong qu trnh ti to d liu bn thu nh cc m truyn dn bi v s suy hao trong qu trnh truyn dn s gy li tn hiu truyn dn. iu ch l em cc dng d liu s sau khi c m ha iu ch ln tn hiu truyn dn, gm 2 loi iu ch : + ch pht qung b mt t (8-VSB) + ch truyn d liu qua cp tc cao (16-VSB) S khi h thng DTV c trnh by hnh sau Click this bar to view the full image.

II.Truyn hnh s theo tiu chun DiBEG

Tiu chun truyn hnh s mt t DiBEG (Digital Broadcasting Expert Group-Nhm chuyn gia truyn hnh s)ca Nht gi l tiu chun ISDB-T (Integrated Service Didital Broadcasting Terrestrial -truyn hnh s s tch hp dch v mt t)hoc ARIB(( Association of Radio Industries and Business-Hip hi cc doanh nghip v ngnh cng nghip v tuyn) DiBEG s dng k thut thut ghp knh on di tn BST-OFDM((Band Segmented OFDM) v cho php s dng cc phng thc iu ch tn hiu s khc nhau i vi tng on(Segment) d liu nh: QPSK, DQPSK, 16-QAM v 64-QAM. Tn hiu truyn i c t chc thnh 13 khi(OFDM), mi khi c di ph l 432KHz vi cc tn hiu ch th v cc thng s truyn dn nh: loi iu ch,cc loi m hiu chnh li c s dng trong tng khi.. This image has been resized. Click this bar to view the full image. The original image is sized 690x388.

ISDB-T cho php h thng c di ph 5,6 MHz v 432 KHz.Trong mi trng 1 knh truyn hnh l 6MHz c th s dng 3 loi my thu: + 5,6 MHz vi b gii iu ch OFDM v mn hnh HDTV thu mi loi hnh dch v + 5,6 MHz vi b gii iu ch OFDM thu di ng voi81 mn hnh tiu chun(SDTV) + 432KHz vi b gii iu ch OFDM thu m thanh v d liu DiBEG cn c th c s dng trong cc khu vc di tn cng tc 7/8MHz ISDB-T trn thc t l mt bin th ca DVB-T

III.Truyn hnh s theo tiu chun DVB-T

H thng trm DVB-T mt t: cc knh VHF/UHF ca trm mt t l nhng phng tin quan trng nht vi vic truyn dn tn hiu s tc cao v cc t tc truyn li a ng to ra s di vang, s gim m thanh ca tn s la chn. Tr ca vic m rng cc tn hiu trong vic truyn lp do s phn x a hnh nh ni, i hay cc dy nh c th ln ti vi chc s.Trong trng hp ph thu c th di chuyn, tn hiu pht trc tip t pha pht c th b mt(knh Rayleigh) do phia thu phi bt buc khai thc nhng m my tn hiu xung quanh vt th. trong mng n tn s(SFN), s la chn tn s knh c th rt quan trng khi tt c cc my pht pht tn hiu ging nhau cng thi im v pht v c th pht cc tn hiu lp li "nhn to" trong khu vc dch v tr (tr ln vi trm giy s). khc phc phn ny, cc b tng thch knh DVB-T c thit k da trn vic iu ch a sng mang trc giao COFDM(Code Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ghp knh phn chia theo tn s c m ha). This image has been resized. Click this bar to view the full image. The original image is sized 688x153.

c th chia dng bt ti bng hng ngn sng mang ph tc thp, trong ghp knh FDM. H thng hot ng 2 mode chnh: mode 2K cho cc mng chuyn i( tng ng vi 1705 sng mng trong di thng 7,61 MHz v khong thi gian symbol hiu dng Tu = 224 s) v mode 8K cho SFN( tng ng vi 6817 sng mang ph trong di thng 7,61 MHz v khong thi gian symbol hiu dng l Tu = 86 s). Mi sng mang c iu ch theo lc AM-QAM(4, 16,32 QAM) iu ch COFDM bn cht l fading tn s chn, khi mi sng mang c iu ch tc bit trung bnh( tc symbol vo khong 1Kbaud hay 4Kbaud tng ng vi mode 2K hay 8K) v khong thi gian rt di so vi thi gian p ng thay i knh. Do mi sng mang ph chim 1 di tn hp trong p ng tn s knh l phng cc b khng m viterbi vi cmg li ti t cc sng mang khng tin cy gn k, lm suy gim do nhiu bng hp. This image has been resized. Click this bar to view the full image. The original image is sized 784x312.

Qa trnh pht sng truyn hnh mt t bao gm cc qu trnh sau: tn hiu Audio/Video ngun: tn hiu ngun l cc tn hiu s hoc tn hiu tng t bin i thnh cc d liu s.Cc chun tn hiu s uc nh dng sao cho tng thch vi h thng m ha tn hiu video c tc bit rt ln, chng hn chun CCIR 607 th tc bit ln ti 270 Mbps. cc knh truyn hnh qung b c rng 8MHz c th o ng cho video tn hiu s, cn phi gim tc bt bng cch nn tn hiu video.

M ha ngun d liu s(source coding): M ha ngun d liu thc hin nn s cc t s khc nhau. Vic nn c thc hin bng b m ha MPEG-2 (Moving Picture Experts Group). Vic m ha dc trn c s nhiu khung hnh nh cha nhiu thng tin vi s sai khc rt nh. Do Mpeg lm vic bng cch ch gi i nhng s thay i ny v d liu lc ny c th gim t 100 n 200 ln. Vi Audio cng nh vy, vic nn da trn nguyn l tai ngi kh phn bit m thanh trm nh so vi m thanh ln khi chng c tn s ln cn nhau v nhng bt thng tin trm nh c th b i v khng c s dng. M ha ngun ch lin quan n c tnh ca ngun. phng tin truyn pht khng nh hng g n m ha ngun . M ha knh: Gi v a hp Audio,Video v cc d liu ph vo 1 dng d liu, y l dng truyn ti Mpeg-2. Nhim v ca m ha knh l lm cho tn hiu truyn dn pht sng ph hp vi knh truyn. Trong truyn hnh s mt t m c s dng l Reed-solomon. M Reed-Solomon c s dng rng ri trong h thng thng tin ngy nay, do c kh nng sa li rt cao. iu ch: iu ch tn hiu pht sng bng dng d liu. Qu trnh ny bao gm m ha truyn dn, m ha knh v cc k thut h sc xut li, chng li cc suy gim do fading,tp nhiu ..V.V.. Bn thu: ben ph thu s m gi,gii m.hin th nh v a ra mn hnh __________________

Thn