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1.the Ideas of The: Unification Before The World War The Second
1.the Ideas of The: Unification Before The World War The Second
Following the catastrophe of the First World War, some thinkers and visionaries again began to float the idea of a politically unified Europe. In 1923, the Austrian Count Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi founded the Pan-Europa movement and hosted the First Paneuropean Congress, held in Vienna in 1926. The aim was for a specifically Christian, and by implication Roman Catholic, Europe. In contrast Trotsky raised the slogan "For a Soviet United States of Europe" in 1923, for a non-Christian but communist Europe.In 1929, Aristide Briand, French prime minister, gave a speech in the presence of the League of Nations Assembly in which he proposed the idea of a federation of European nations based on solidarity and in the pursuit of economic prosperity and political and social co-operation. Many eminent economists, among them John Maynard Keynes, supported this view. At the League's request Briand presented a Memorandum on the organisation of a system of European Federal Union in 1930.In 1931 the French politician douard Herriot published the book The United States of Europe. The British civil servant Arthur Salter published a book of the same name in 1933.Between the two world wars the Polish leader Jzef Pisudski envisaged the idea of a United States of central Europe (called Midzymorze translated as "Intersea" or "Between-seas"), a Polish-oriented version of Mitteleuropa.The Great Depression, the rise of fascism and communism and subsequently World War II prevented the inter war movements from gaining further support.