Aristea Mitrou

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Form
Have / Has + Past Participle

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Remember : the Past Participle Can Be

Infinitive of the verb + ed Or the 3rd column of the list of irregular verbs

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Some examples :
Regular verbs
They have visited Italy. She has asked several questions.

Irregular verbs
They have just met He has eaten his breakfast. Complete this chart
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USES OF PRESENT PERFECT

When time is not important or definite

e.g. She has seen this film.

To express recently finished actions or events (with the adverbs recently, lately ,just,already)

e.g. They have just finished their homework.

To express an action which started in the past and continues up to the present (for, since, all my life) e.g. I have lived here since 1992. To describe a completed action during a period of time that is not over yet (this month, this week,this morning)

e.g.I have written three letters this morning.

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Present perfect vs simple past

Not a specific time reference
He has lost his wallet.

A specific time reference

He lost his wallet two hours ago.

The action may continue up to the present moment

I have studied Spanish for three years.( I still study )

A past habit or an action that no longer exists

I studied Spanish when I was at school. (I dont study now)
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Present perfect is the bridge between past and present time

Present perfect
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Some time adverbials used in present perfect are

Since (+ a point of time) For (+ a period of time ) How long (in questions) Just,recently,lately (actions completed in the very recent past) Yet (for questions and negatives ) Already (for questions and statements) Ever ,never,so far, all my life, this year,this week
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 To be still in the place e.g. He has gone to the bank. (hes still there)

To have gone and come back, have visited e.g.He has been to the bank. (hes back now)
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Study the examples:

They have already read this book.

She hasnt cleaned the floor yet.

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Some more examples:

He has just phoned his friend.

She has already written three letters this morning. exercise 1 exercise 2
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Lets do some activities

What I have done in my life up until now Have you ever

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