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Infra-Structure

Supra-Structure
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W. Orburn and M. Nimkoff. A Handbook of Sociology, London 1949 pp. -2

.363- 64

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.J.L. Gillin and J.P. Gillin: Cultural Sociology, N.Y. 1978, p. 313 -4

Gug Rocher: A General Introduction to sociology: A theoretical -5

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H.E. Barnes. SOcial Institutions. N.Y.. Prentice- Hall, 1947. pp. 28-30 -6
.M. Ginberg: SOciology: Oxford 1949, p.43 -7

.P. Rose: The study of society: Rondan House Inc. N.Y. 1967, p. 523 -8

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G. Summner: Folkways Boston 1906 pp. 53- 55 -9

Koening S: sociology: An Introduction to the Science of Society: Barns -10


.and Nobi N.Y.1960

E.C. Hughs: SOcial Introduction: In Alfred Lee: (ed) Principles of -11


.sociology: Col- lege outtine series pp. 256- 258

Francis Meril: Sociology and Culture: Englewood Cliff, New - Jersy -12
.1963, pp. 335- 338

Harry Elmer Barnes: social Institutions, op. cit -13

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.1

" " R.lauer A Passion For Bread and Freedom

- -

untouchables

-
.2 " " R.lauer
.

valued goods and serveces


45 2577 56

1330 .
%12.9

%98 . 46073
85 .3

__________
* "" " " B.Berger " ".

societies in change - 1971


.1960-1950

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- -


"" modernization
westernization " " " "

" " ...

"" toynbee
omdern western

"" s.n.eisenstadt

- - 4

americanization "" "".

. .
. "" Apter
Commercialization Industrialization

.
""

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.5

. 1850 %65
1950 %65 Hydro - .

electrik

435 1850 4470 1950

W. W. Rostow .7
: Traditional Setting

: Preconitions for take off


: The take off

: Thurst Lowards Maturity


: High mass consumption

* .
.

. J.K. Fairbank

__________

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- - - 1975.83-69

" A. Eckstein"" L.S. Yang :


:

-1 .

-2 .

-3
.

-4 .
-5 .

""

. ""

..
...


- -

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...

..

...

...
- " " R. Bendix 8

Lauer Social Order


Modernity

..

..

" Mc. Cleland Hagen


.Individual Personalities

" -Interprenerial abilities"


" Development of high achievement motivation"
"" Behavioral models

"" .... .9

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. .
D. Apter The Politics of Modernization


.10

Pool

Direct Change

.Possibility of development Mass media


.

. " " D. Lerner


Charecteristics of Modernity :

.Self suslained growth .


:
.

: .

: .
: - -
-

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""

.

""

.
"" N. Smelser

"" ""
.Individual Modrnity

" " Dean Tipps


: .11

Inclusive Discriminating

.concept
.
.

Societal Level
. :

- The critical variable

- Dichotomous theories

. .

- -

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... . .

....


. "" :
- Ideological

- Emperical

- Meta theoretical


- . " .12

"* . "" .

.
__________

* ;The clothes that hide the naked imperialism see. Ander Guunner Frank

Sociology of development and underdevelopment of sociology-Catalist.


.No. 1967 pp. 20-73

.
- Achievement orientation -

.Ascription

" " E. Sutherland

13 " " C.R. Mills 14

. "" Frank : -
Reward - Recruitment

- -

- -

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- -

....15

"" ""
. :

In terms of cognitive

transformation - -
- .16-

Translation Societies .

.
World System

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... .


. :

" " Myron Weiner


*1961

Sequence .17

Inistitutional arrangements
__________

* .The dynamics of Growth: N.Y. Basic Books 1966

- ... -

. .


. .

Sustained economic growth - ""

Rostow :

: Social over-head capital


: .

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: .Capital import18

""
Appropriate Path

. .
....

.
" "Habakkuk " -"

.
... .

. %80
. "" Lauer

.

:

%1 * G.N.P
.19 1968

%0.68

%0.41 .20
__________

* Commision of international development

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...

- "

"

. - ..

. "" :

Modernizing elite
...

- Structural - Social
Psychological
- ..

... -
- .


" " M.

Weber

Stability Efficiiency Effectiveness

... 21
- -

- - .22

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. " " T. Parsons "


"* .

__________

* The structure of Social System

-
-
" " K. Duetsch

Mobilization .23


. .

.
...

. %100
%100 .

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-

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..

.24

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.


.
. Inistittutional

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. -
. .

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.Causal Priority


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- - .

.1958


" "


.25

Dilemas .26:

: -

... .

""

.
Contract type relationship

.

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: Commitment

over-all development
.Capital Accomulation

:
Psychic Strain

Psychic Costs

- "" .

.27

: ""

Modernizing elite
.

" " Maoist ideology


.

*.

:
Cosmopolianism .

" " Revolution of rising expectation

__________

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Nationalistic ideology
.. Sufficient

motivation

.
Symbolic activity

:
" " " "

" "
....

: Model of modernization

Westernization

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- - :

-
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Miss Education

Advantageous position

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The World System

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""
International context

. " " H. Singer

Terms of trade

- . .

Margin of Income

.28


1973

"

" "
.
.

.29

: "" :

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- . *
. .32


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.. .

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* : 1974 1978

1981

- -
. : - - 1981 .

. :

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-5 :

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-6 :

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,

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See: WILLIAM MC FORD: THE SPRING TIME OF freedom: -2


.n.y.oxford universtity press 1965 pp.3-18

Robert h.lauer; perspectives on social change: allin and bacon i.n.c -3


.boston, olndon , sydny. toronto 1977.p.299

Toynbee: the presnt bay experiment in western civilisation - london- -4


oxford universty press, 1962 p. 24 s.n. eisenstadt: breakdown of

modernisation: economic development and cultural chagne. 1946

.pp.345-365

See: david apter: the polit9cs of modernisation: chicago: university of -5


.chicago press 1965 pp. 43-44

.R.h. lauer: op. cit p 300 -6

W.W. Rostow: the stages of economic grwwth: n.y. cambridge universi -7


.ty press 1960

: - : -

.75-69 1975 - -

eingard bendix: nation building and citizenship: garden city - anchor -8


.books 1964 p. 6. lauer - op. cit.p. 302

.108- 97 1 - - - 9
see: d. apter: the politics of modernisation op. cit.pp 9-10 in lauer: op cit -10
.p. 303

dean tipps: modernisation theory and the comparative study of societies: -11
a critical perspective: coparative studies in society and history. 15 (1975) pp.
.199-226 see lauer, op. cit. p. 304

.lauer: op. cit. p. 305 -12

.e.suther land; op. cit -13


c.r. mills; op.cit -14

Lauer: op. cit. p. 305 -15


see; peter berger. bngette berger and hansfried kellner: the homeless 16- -16

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mind: modernization and consciousness, n.y. vinlage books 1973-lauer p.


.307 lauer-op. cit. p.301-308

.lauer - op. cit. p. 301-308 -17


.lbid -18

.lbid.p.308 -19
.lbid -20

-21

- -1408 -

." " 1981 - -


.lauer. op. cit. p. 311 -22

karl duetsch: social mobilization and political development amercan -23


.political science review v. lv- (sep. 1964) pp. 463-515
:

.73-72 1979 :

.76-75 : -24
.lauer. po. cit. p. 311 -25
.ibid. p. 311 -26
.ibid -27

see: hans singer: THE DISTRIBUTION OF GAINS between borrowing -28


and investing countries in economics development and social change: the
modernization of vellage communities. (ed) george dalton (garden city

.natural history press, 1971 pp. 336-350 in lauer pp. 313 and 341

.ibid -29
.ibid -30
.ibid -31

-1981 - : : -32
.

. - : -33

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- .1975

-34 : , , ,
1408.

-35 : , , 1987 /1 /30


-36 .

-37 : , , 65-42
: : , .1977 ,

ponsioen: nationnal development: a sociological contrbution: moriton -38


.the hague 1968.pp.15-22

-39 146.
-40 : - 1975.249

-41 .250-249

-42 : - 1965.40-38
-43 - 36.

-44 - - .

-45 - - - 1974.275
-46 : : - -

1399 /1398 .60-59

-47 - .145-142
.robert lauer: op. cit p.93 -48

evetett hagen: on the theory of social change: home wood: dorsey press, -49
.1962. p.35

-50 : : - .1986
-51 : :

5-2 / .1978
-52 : , - 1986.51-46

-53 : , /1 /31

,1987.7

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-54 : , : ,
1403 , ,.57

-55 .67

-56 .69-68
-57 .71

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