Chapter 7, Solution 1.: Fbd Frame: 0: M Σ = 0.3 m 0.4 m 900 N 0 D− = 1200 N ∴ = D

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System
Chapter 7, Solution 1.
FBD FRAME:
M A = 0:
( 0.3 m ) Dx ( 0.4 m )( 900 N ) = 0

D x = 1200 N
FBD JEHDF:
Fx = 0: V = 1200 N Fy = 0: F = 0 M J = 0:
1200 N + V = 0
( 0.15 m )(1200 N ) M
M = + 180 N m
=0
Thus,
( on JE )
F=0
V = 1200 N M = 180.0 N m
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics and Dynamics, 8/e, Ferdinand P. Beer, E. Russell Johnston, Jr., Elliot R. Eisenberg, William E. Clausen, David Mazurek, Phillip J. Cornwell 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies.
FBD FRAME:
M A = 0: Fy = 0:
( 0.95 m )( 480 N ) ( 0.25 m ) Dx = 0,

D x = 1824 N
Ay + Dy + 480 N = 0
(1)
FBD ABC:
Note: BE is a two-force member
M B = 0:
( 0.75 m ) Ay
=0
Ay = 0
Then, from (1) above,
Dy = 480 N D y = 480 N
Fx = 0:
FBD sect. DJ:
F 1824 N = 0
480 N V = 0
F = 1.824 kN V = 480 N V = 480 N
Fy = 0:
M J = 0:
M + ( 0.25 m )( 480 N ) = 0 M = 120 N m M = 120.0 N m
FBD CEF:
Fx = 0: C x
E = 0:
1 (180 N ) 2
C x = 90 2 N
( 0.2 m ) C y ( 0.05 m ) ( 90
2 N
( 0.15 m + 0.08 m )(180 N ) = 0

C y = 126 2 N
FBD sect. CJ:
Fx = 0: 90 2 N F = 0 Fy = 0: 126 2 N + V = 0 M J = 0:
F = 127.3 N V = 178.2 N
( 0.05 m ) ( 90
2 N ( 0.10 m ) 126 2 N M = 0
M = 11.46 N m
FBD Frame:
Note: AC is a two-force member, resolve FAC at C:
M E = 0: ( 0.25 m + 0.25 m )
1 FAC ( 0.15 m )( 320 N ) = 0 2
FAC = 96 2 N
FBD sect. AB:
Fx = 0:
96 N +
3 7 V + F =0 4 4
Fy = 0: 96 N +
Solving:
7 3 V F =0 4 4
V = 8.50 N F = 135.5 N
41.4 46.8
4 7 M B = 0: M ( 0.3 m )( 96 N ) + 10 m ( 96 N ) = 0
M = 15.799 N m,
M = 15.80 N m
FBD Frame:
Note: AB is a two-force member, so

Ay Ax = 12 5
(1)
M C = 0:
(15 in.) Ax ( 24 in.)( 78 lb ) = 0

A x = 124.8 lb
From (1) above,
A y = 52.0 lb
FBD AJ:
Fx = 0: Fy = 0: M J = 0:
124.8 lb + F = 0
F = 124.8 lb V = 52.0 lb M = 520 lb in.
52 lb V = 0 M (10 in.)( 52 lb ) = 0
FBD CD:
Note: AB is a two-force member
C = 0:
(18 in.)
5 12 FAB + ( 7.5 in.) FAB 13 13 ( 24 in.)( 78 lb ) = 0
FAB = 135.2 lb
Fx = 0:
Cx
12 (135.2 lb ) = 0 13
C x = 124.8 lb
Fy = 0:
Cy +
5 (135.2 lb ) ( 78 lb ) = 0 13
C y = 26 lb
FBD CK:
Fx = 0:
F +
12 5 (124.8 lb ) + ( 26 lb ) = 0 13 13
F = 125.2 lb
Fy = 0: V 5 12 (124.8 lb ) + ( 26 lb ) = 0 13 13
22.6
V = 24.0 lb
M K = 0:
67.4
( 5 in.)(124.8 lb ) (12 in.)( 26 lb ) M
=0
M = 312 lb in.
FBD half-section: By symmetry,
Ay = B y =
W 2
Where W = ( 9 kg )( 9.81 N/kg ) = 88.29 N
FBD AJ:
Fx = 0: F = 0 Fy = 0: W W V = 0 2 2 W =0 2
F=0 V=0
M J = 0: M ( r x )
but
x=
2r
2 W = 2.406 N m , so M = 1 r 2
M = 2.41 N m
FBD AJ:
Note: Cut is just left of contact with ground. Also
W = ( 9 kg )( 9.81 N/kg ) = 88.29 N

x= 2r
and
r = 0.15 m F=0 V = 44.1 N
Fx = 0: Fy = 0: M J = 0: M =
F =0
W +V =0 2 x W M =0 2
( 0.15 m )
88.29 N 2
M = 4.22 N m
SOLUTION
FBD AB: M A = 0:
r By 12 lb = 0
B y = 12 lb
FBD sect. BJ:
Fy = 0:
(12 lb ) cos 30 (12 lb ) sin 30 F = 0

F = 4.39 lb
60
Fx = 0:
(12 lb ) cos 30 + (12 lb ) sin 30 V
=0
30
V = 16.39 lb
M J = 0:
( 4 in.) sin 30 (12 lb ) + ( 4 in.)(1 cos 30 )(12 lb ) M

M = 30.4 lb in.
=0
FBD AB:
M A = 0:
r By 12 lb = 0
B y = 12 lb
J = 0: FBD BJ:
( 4 in.) sin (12 lb ) + ( 4 in.)(1 cos )(12 lb ) M

M = ( 48 lb in.)(1 cos + sin )
(1)
=0
(a) to maximize M, set
dM =0 d
dM = ( 48 lb in.)( sin + cos ) = 0 d

so tan = 1
= 45, 135
(only = 135 is on ring) (b) Fy = 0:
= 135
F + (12 lb ) cos (12 lb ) sin = 0
= 135, so
F = 16.97 lb
45
F = 16.97 lb@135
Fx = 0:
(12 lb ) cos + (12 lb ) sin
V = 0
= 135, V = 0
From (1) above, M = ( 48 lb in.)(1 cos135 + sin135 ) = 115.88 lb in.
M = 115.9 lb in.
FBD Frame:
M A = 0:
(16.4 in.)
24 FEC (12.6 in.)(120 lb ) = 0 25

FEC = 93.75 lb
FBD CBD:
C = 0:
(16.2 in.)(120 lb ) (13.5 in.) By

By = 144 lb
=0
Fy = 0:
144 lb +
7 ( 93.75 lb ) 120 lb C y = 0 25
C y = 50.25 lb
Fx = 0:
Cx
24 ( 93.75 lb ) = 0 27
C x = 90.0 lb
FBD CJ:
Fy = 0:
F + ( 50.25 lb ) cos30 ( 90.0 lb ) sin 30 = 0
F = 1.482 lb
Fx = 0:
60
V ( 90 lb ) cos 30 + ( 50.25 lb ) sin 30 = 0 V = 103.1 lb

30
M O = 0:
(8.4 in.)( 50.25 lb + 1.482 lb ) M
=0
M = 435 lb in.
FBD Frame:
M A = 0:
(16.4 in.)
24 FEC (12.6 in.)(120 lb ) = 0 25

FEC = 93.75 lb
FBD CBD: M C = 0:
(16.2 in.)(120 lb ) (13.5 in.) By
=0
B y = 144 lb
FBD DK: Fx = 0:
(144 lb 120 lb ) sin 30 F = 0

F = 12.00 lb
30
Fy = 0:
(144 lb 120 lb ) cos 30 V
=0
V = 20.8 lb
O = 0:
60
(8.4 in.)(12 lb 144 lb ) + (11.1 in.)(120 lb ) M
=0
M = 223 lb in.
FBD AB:
B = 0:
( 0.8 m )(1.8 kN ) ( 0.24 m ) Ax = 0

A x = 6.0 kN
Geometry:
y = kx 2 ; at B, 0.24 m = k ( 0.8 m )
so at
k = 0.375
1 m
1 2 J , y J = 0.375 ( 0.48 m ) = 0.0864 m m

dy = 2kx dx
slope of parabola at J , FBD AJ: Fx = 0:
dy 1 = 2 0.375 ( 0.48 m ) = 0.36 = tan J dx m
J = 19.799
( 6 kN ) cos19.799 (1.8 kN ) sin19.799 F = 0

F = 6.26 kN
19.80
Fy = 0:
( 6 kN ) sin19.799 (1.8 kN ) cos19.799 V

V = 0.3387 kN V = 339 N
=0
70.2
M J = 0:
( 0.48 m )(1.8 kN ) ( 0.0864 m )( 6 kN ) M

M = 0.3456 kN m
=0
M = 346 N m
FBD AB:
B = 0:
LP hAx = 0, Ax =
L P h
Geometry:
y = kx 2 , at B: h = kL2 , so k =
ha 2 L2
h hx 2 y , = L2 L2
at J: y J = ka 2 =
slope =
dy = 2kx, dx
at J : slope =
2ha = tan 1 J 2 L
FBD AJ:
M J = 0:
aP
ha 2 LP M =0 L2 h
a2 M = P a L
To maximize set
dM =0 da a or P 1 2 = 0, L
a=
L 2
Then M max
2 L L PL 2 = P = 2 L 4
M max =
PL 4 L 2
at a =
FBD Frame with pulley and cord:
= 0:
(1.8 m ) Bx ( 2.6 m )( 360 N ) ( 0.2 m )( 360 N ) = 0

B x = 560 N
FBD BE:
Note: Cord forces have been moved to pulley hub as per Problem 6.91.
= 0:
(1.4 m )( 360 N ) + (1.8 m )( 560 N ) ( 2.4 m ) By

By = 630 N
=0
FBD BJ:
Fx = 0:
F + 360 N
3 4 ( 630 N 360 N ) ( 560 N ) = 0 5 5
F = 250 N
Fy = 0:
36.9
V +
4 3 ( 630 N 360 N ) ( 560 N ) = 0 5 5
V = 120.0 N
M J = 0:
53.1
M + ( 0.6 m )( 360 N ) + (1.2 m )( 560 N )

(1.6 m )( 630 N ) = 0
M = 120.0 N m
FBD Frame with pulleys and cord: M B = 0:
(1.8 m ) Ax ( 2.0 m )( 360 N ) ( 2.6 m )( 360 N ) = 0

A x = 920 N
FBD AE:
Note: Cord forces have been moved to pulley hub as per Problem 6.91.
M E = 0:
( 2.4 m ) Ay (1.8 m )( 360 N ) = 0

A y = 270 N
FBD AK:
Fx = 0:
920 N 360 N F = 0
F = 560 N
Fy = 0: 270 N + 360 N V = 0
V = 90.0 N
M K = 0:
(1.6 m )( 270 N ) (1.0 m )( 360 N ) M
=0
M = 72.0 N m
FBD Frame:
M A = 0:
(1 m ) Dy ( 2.675 m )( 360 N ) = 0
D y = 963 N
FBD DEF:
M F = 0:
(1 m )( 963 N ) ( 2.4 m ) Dx ( 0.125 m )( 360 N ) = 0

D x = 3825 N
FBD DJ:
Fy = 0:
12 5 ( 963 N ) ( 382.5 N ) = 0 13 13
F = 1036 N
F = 1.036 kN
67.4
Fx = 0:
5 12 ( 963 N ) ( 382.5 N ) V = 0 13 13
V = 17.31 N
M J = 0:
22.6 =0
( 0.5 m )( 963 N ) (1.2 m )( 382.5 N ) M
M = 22.5 N m
FBD AC:
Note: Cord forces moved to pulley hub as per Problem 6.91. To determine the coordinates of C are xC = 2.55 m, yC = 4 ( 2.55 m ) = 3.40 m, and 3
xG = 0, yG = 3.75 m = tan 1
M A = 0:
3.75 m 3.40 m = 7.8153 2.55 m
( 3.75 m ) ( 360 N ) cos 7.8153 ( 2.55 m )( 360 N ) ( 3 m ) FBG
=0
FBG = 139.820 N
FBD KC:
Fy = 0:
4 4 7.8153 + tan 1 = 0 ( 360 N ) ( 360 N ) cos 5 3
F = 462.8 N Fx = 0: V + 139.820 N + 3 ( 360 N ) 5
F = 463 N
53.1
4 ( 360 N ) sin 7.8153 + tan 1 = 0 3
V = 41.1 N
M K = 0: M (1.5 m )(139.820 N ) 4 ( 2.75 m )( 360 N ) 5
36.9
4 + ( 2.75 m )( 360 N ) sin 7.8153 + tan 1 = 0 3
M = 61.7 N m
FBD Frame and pipe:
W = (10 ft )(18.5 lb/ft ) = 185 lb M A = ( 24 in.) Cx (12.6 in.)185 lb = 0

C x = 97.125 lb
FBD pipe: By symmetry N E = N D = N
Fy = 0:
Also note
21 2 N 185 N = 0, N = 127.738 lb 29 20 20 8 = in. a = r tan tan 1 = ( 2.8 in.) 21 21 3
FBD BC:
M B = 0:
8 in. (127.735 lb ) + (12 in.)( 97.125 lb ) 3 (12.6 in.) C y = 0

C y = 119.534 lb
F 21 20 ( 97.125 lb ) (119.534 lb ) = 0 29 29
FBD CJ:
Fx = 0:
F = 152.8 lb
Fy = 0: V 20 21 ( 97.125 lb ) + (119.534 lb ) = 0 29 29
46.4
V = 19.58 lb
M C = 0:
44.6
M ( 8.7 in.)(19.58 lb ) = 0 M = 170.3 lb in.
FBD Frame:
W = (10 ft )(18.5 lb/ft ) = 185 lb M C = 0:
( 24 in.) Ax (12.6 in.)(185 lb ) = 0

A x = 97.125 lb
FBD Pipe
By symmetry N E = N D
Fy = 0:
Also note FBD AD:
21 2 N D 185 lb = 0, 29
N D = 127.738 lb
20 20 8 a = r tan tan 1 = ( 2.8 in.) = in. 21 21 3
M B = 0:
(12.6 in.)( 97.125 lb ) (12.6 in.) Ay

8 in. (127.738 lb ) = 0 3
A y = 65.465 lb
Fx = 0: 21 20 ( 97.125 lb ) + ( 65.465 lb ) F = 0 29 29 F = 115.5 lb
FBD AK:
44.6
Fy = 0:
20 21 ( 97.125 lb ) ( 65.465 lb ) + V = 0 29 29 V = 19.58 lb

M ( 8.7 in.)(19.58 lb ) = 0
46.4
M A = 0:
M = 170.3 lb in.
(a)
FBD Rod:
Fx = 0: M D = 0:
Ax = 0 Ay = P 2
aP 2aAy = 0
FBD AJ:
Fx = 0: V = 0 Fy = 0:
P F =0 2
F=
P 2
M J = 0: M = 0
(b)
FBD Rod:
M A = 0 4 3 2a D + 2a D aP = 0 5 5 Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
Ax D=
5P 14 2P 7
4 5 P=0 5 14 3 5 P=0 5 14
Ax = Ay =
Ay P +
11P 14
continued
Fx = 0:
FBD AJ:
2 P V = 0 7
V =
Fy = 0: 11P F =0 14
2P 7
F=
M J = 0:
a
11P 14
2P M =0 7
M =
2 aP 7
(c)
FBD Rod:
M A = 0: Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
a 4D aP = 0 2 5 Ax
D=
5P 2
4 5P =0 5 2 3 5P =0 5 2
Ax = 2 P Ay =
Ay P
5P 2
FBD AJ:
Fx = 0:
2P V = 0
V = 2P
Fy = 0: 5P F =0 2
F=
M J = 0: a ( 2P ) M = 0
5P 2
M = 2aP
(a)
FBD Rod:
M D = 0:
aP 2aA = 0 P 2 V P =0 2
A=
Fx = 0:
V = FBD AJ:
Fy = 0:
P 2
F =0
M J = 0:
M a
P =0 2
M =
aP 2
(b)
FBD Rod:
M D = 0:
aP 5P 2
a4 A = 0 25
A=
continued
FBD AJ:
Fx = 0:
3 5P V = 0 5 2 3P 2
V =
Fy = 0: 4 5P F =0 5 2
F = 2P M =
M D = 0: 3 4 aP 2a A 2a A = 0 5 5 A= 5P 14 3 aP 2
(c)
FBD Rod:
Fx = 0:
3 5P V =0 5 14
V =
Fy = 0: 4 5P F =0 5 14
3P 14
F=
M J = 0: 3 5P M a =0 5 14
2P 7
M =
3 aP 14
FBD Rod:
M A = 0:
2r rB r W =0
2 B = 1 W
FBD JB:
Note: r =
r sin
2 =
r sin 30
60 2 = 3r
180
x=
3r 1 3r r 3 = 3 2 2 2
M J = 0:
M +
r 2 r 3 2 1 W 3 W = 0 3 2 2
M = 0.774Wr
on BK
FBD Rod:
M A = 0:
2r 1 2r B r W =0 2
1 1 B = 2 W 2
FBD JB:
60 r sin 2 = 3r r = 30 180
x = r sin 60 r sin 30
x=
M J = 0:
1 3 3 r 2
21 1 r sin 60 + r (1 cos 60 ) W 22
1 3 2W M =0 3 r 3 2 M = 0.01085Wr
M = 0.01085Wr
FBD Rod:
Fy = 0:
Ay W = 0
Ay = W
M B = 0:
r ( Ax W ) +
2r
W =0
2 A x = 1 W
FBD AJ:
W =
2 W = W
2
sin
r =r
2 = 2r sin 2 2
M J = 0:
2 r sin 1 W r (1 cos )W 2r 2 W M =0 + sin cos r cos 2 2 2 M = Wr sin 1 + cos cos
For Mmax,
dM 2 2 sin = 0 = Wr cos sin cos + d or tan =
2 2
Solving numerically:
= 0.48338 rod = 27.7

M max = 0.0777 Wr
FBD Rod:
2 1 1 2 rB r 1 W = 0 B = 2 W 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 W = 0 A x = W Fx = 0: Ax 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 W = 0 A y = + W Fy = 0: Ay W + 2 2 2 M A = 0:
FBD AJ:
W =
2 W = W
2 2r r = sin 2 M J = 0: 1 1 1 1 M + r sin W r (1 cos ) + W 2 2 2r 2 + sin cos r cos W = 0 2 2
1 1 2 M = Wr + (1 sin cos ) + cos 2 For M max , 1 1 dM 2 2 sin = 0 = Wr + ( cos + sin ) + cos d 2 or tan =
2 + 2 4
Solving numerically = 0.27539 rad = 1 or = 1.16164 rad = 2 M (1 ) = 0.0230Wr , M ( 2 ) = 0.0362Wr so M max = 0.0362Wr at = 2 = 66.6
Note: =
180 60 = 60 = 2 3 r = r
sin =
3r
3 3 3 r = 2 2 120 4 = W 270 9 F = 2 3 W 9
Weight of section = W Fy = 0: F
4 W cos30 = 0 9 rF ( r sin 60 )
M O = 0:
4W M =0 9
2 3 3 3 3 M = r 2 2 9
2 3 1 4 Wr W = 9 9
M = 0.0666Wr
FBD Rod:
M B = 0:
Fx = 0: rAy + Ay =
Ax = 0 2r W 2r 2W =0 3 3 2W 3
FBD AJ:
Note:
60 = 30 = 2 6 60 2W = 270 9
Weight of segment = W F = M J = 0:
M = 2W 9
sin =
r 3r sin 30 = /6
( r cos r sin 30 )
2W 2W + ( r r sin 30 ) M =0 9 3
3r 3 r 3 1 3r 1 + = Wr + 2 2 2 9 3 3
M = 0.1788Wr
(a) FBD Beam:
M C = 0:
LAy M 0 = 0
Ay =
Fy = 0: Ay + C = 0
M0 L M0 L
C=
Along AB:
Fy = 0: M J = 0:
M0 V = 0 L x M0 +M =0 L
V =
M0 L M0 x L
M = M0 at B 2
straight with M =
Along BC:
Fy = 0: M K = 0:
M0 V = 0 L M +x
V =
M0 L x M = M 0 1 L M = 0 at C = M0 everywhere L
max
M0 M0 = 0 L
straight with M = (b) From diagrams:
M0 at B 2 V
max
M0 at B 2
FBD Beam:
Fx = 0:
Ax = 0, by symmetry Ay = By = P
(a)
Along AB:
Fy = 0:
V = P M J = 0:
M = Px
P V = 0
M xP = 0
Along BC:
Fy = 0:
V =0
P P V = 0
M K = 0:
M = Pa
M xP + ( x a ) P = 0
Along CD:
Fy = 0:
P P P V = 0 V = P
M L = 0:
M xP + ( x a ) P + ( x L + a) P = 0
M = P ( L x)
Note: Symmetry in M diag. follows symmetry of FBD (b)
max
= P along AB and CD
M
max
= Pa along BC
FBD Section:
Fy = 0: V
(a)
1 x x w0 = 0 2 L
1 w0 2 x 2 L
V =
1 V ( L ) = w0 L 2
M J = 0: M + 1 1 x x x w0 = 0 3 2 L
M = M ( L) =
(b)
1 w0 3 x 6 L 1 w0 L2 6 V M
max
= =
1 w0 L at B 2 1 w0 L2 at B 6
max
(a) FBD Beam:
Fx = 0:
Bx = 0
M B = 0: Fy = 0:
aP + 2aC 3.5aP = 0 C = 1.25P P + By + 1.25P P = 0 By = 0.75P
Along AB:
Fy = 0: M J = 0:
Along BC:
P V = 0 M + xP = 0
V = P M = Px
Fy = 0: M K = 0:
Along CD:
P + 0.75P V = 0
V = 0.25P M ( 3a ) = 1.5Pa
M + xP ( x a )( 0.75P ) = 0 M = 0.75Pa 0.25Px
Fy = 0: M L = 0:
V P=0 M x1 P = 0
V =P M = Px1 M (1.5a ) = 1.5Pa

V
max
= P along AB and CD
(b)
max
= 1.5Pa at C
(a) FBD Beam:
Fx = 0:
M C = 0:
Cx = 0
( 3.6 ft )(1 kip ) ( 3 ft )( 4 kips ) + ( 6 ft )( 2 kips ) ( 9.6 ft ) B = 0

B = 0.375 kip
Fy = 0: 1 kip + C y 4 kips + 2 kips 0.375 kip = 0 C y = 3.375 kips
Along AC:
Fy = 0:
1 kip V = 0
V = 1 kip M J = 0: M + x (1 kip ) = 0
M = (1 kip ) x
M ( 3.6 ft ) = 3.6 kip ft
Along CD:
Fy = 0:
1 kip + 3.375 kips V = 0 V = 2.375 kips
M K = 0:
M + x (1 kip ) ( x 3.6 ft )( 3.375 kips ) = 0 M = 12.15 kip ft + ( 2.375 kips ) x M ( 6.6 ft ) = 3.525 kip ft
continued
Along EB:
Fy = 0:
V 0.375 kips = 0 V = 0.375 kips
M L = 0:
M x1 ( 0.375 kips ) = 0
M = ( 0.375 kips ) x1
M ( 3.6 ft ) = 1.35 kip ft

Along DE:
Fy = 0:
V + 2 kips 0.375 kips = 0
V = 1.625 kips Also M is linear (b)

V
max
= 2.38 kips along CD

max
= 3.60 kips at C
(a)
FBD Beam:
M B = 0:
(.6 ft )( 4 kips ) + ( 5.1 ft )(8 kips ) + ( 7.8 ft )(10 kips ) ( 9.6 ft ) Ay

A y = 12.625 kips
=0
Fy = 0: 12.625 kips 10 kips 8 kips 4 kips + B = 0

B = 9.375 kips Along AC:
Fy = 0:
12.625 kips V = 0
V = 12.625 kips M J = 0: M x (12.625 kips ) = 0
M = (12.625 kips ) x M = 22.725 kip ft at C

Along CD:
Fy = 0: 12.625 kips 10 kips V = 0 V = 2.625 kips M K = 0: M + ( x 1.8 ft )(10 kips ) x (12.625 kips ) = 0 M = 18 kip ft + ( 2.625 kips ) x M = 29.8125 kip ft at D ( x = 4.5 ft )
continued
Along DE:
Fy = 0:
(12.625 10 8) kips V
=0
V = 5.375 kips
M L = 0: M + x1 ( 8 kips ) + ( 2.7 ft + x1 )(10 kips ) ( 4.5 ft + x1 )(12.625 kips ) = 0 M = 29.8125 kip ft ( 5.375 kips ) x1 M = 5.625 kip ft at E
( x1 = 4.5 ft )
Along EB:
Fy = 0:
V + 9.375 kips = 0
V = 9.375 kips
M N = 0:
x2 ( 9.375 kip ) M = 0
M = ( 9.375 kips ) x2 M = 5.625 kip ft at E From diagrams: (b) V

max max
= 12.63 kips on AC = 29.8 kip ft at D
(a)
FBD Beam:
M E = 0:
(1.1 m )( 540 N ) ( 0.9 m ) C y + ( 0.4 m )(1350 N ) ( 0.3 m )( 540 N ) = 0

C y = 1080 N
Fy = 0:
540 N + 1080 N 1350 N

E y = 1350 N
540 N + E y = 0
Along AC:
Fy = 0:
540 N V = 0
V = 540 N
M J = 0:
Along CD:
x ( 540 N ) + M = 0
M = ( 540 N ) x
Fy = 0: M K = 0:
540 N + 1080 N V = 0
V = 540 N
M + ( 0.2 m + x1 )( 540 N ) x1 (1080 N ) = 0 M = 108 N m + ( 540 N ) x1 M = 162 N m at D ( x1 = 0.5 m )
continued
Along DE:
Fy = 0: M N = 0:
V + 1350 N 540 N = 0
V = 810 N
M + ( x3 + 0.3 m ) ( 540 N ) x3 (1350 N ) = 0
M = 162 N m + ( 810 N ) x3 M = 162 N m at D ( x3 = 0.4 )

Along EB:
(b)
Fy = 0: M L = 0:
V 540 N = 0
V = 540 N M = 540 N x2
M + x2 ( 540 N ) = 0 M = 162 N m at E
( x2
M
= 0.3 m ) V
max
From diagrams
max
= 810 N on DE
= 162.0 N m at D and E
(a) FBD Beam: a =1m Fy = 0: Fx = 0: Bx = 0 1.5 kN + 2 kN 4 kN + 5 kN By = 0 By = 1.5 kN

M B = 0: a 4 (1.5 kN ) 3 ( 2 kN ) + 2 ( 4 kN ) 1( 5 kN ) MB = 0
Along AC:
M B = ( 3 kN ) a = 3 kN m
Fy = 0: M J = 0:
Along CD:
1.5 kN V = 0
V = 1.5 kN M = (1.5 kN ) x
M x (1.5 kN ) = 0
M (1 m ) = 1.5 kN m
Fy = 0: M K = 0:
1.5 kN + 2 kN V = 0
V = 0.5 kN
M + x (1.5 kN ) ( x 1 m )( 2 kN ) = 0 M ( 2 m ) = 1 kN m
continued
M = 2 kN m + ( 0.5 kN ) x
Along EB:
Fy = 0: M L = 0:
V 1.5 kN = 0
V = 1.5 kN
M x1 (1.5 kN ) 3 kN m = 0 M = 3 kN m (1.5 kN ) x1, M (1 m ) = 4.5 kN m
Along DE:
Fy = 0:
V + 5 kN 1.5 kN = 0 Also M is linear here
V = 3.5 kN = 3.50 kN along DE = 4.50 kN m at E
V (b)
max
max
(a) FBD Beam:
M A = 0: (1.3 m ) (1.8 kN/m )( 2.6 m ) (1.6 m )( 4 kN ) + ( 4 m ) B = 0

B = 3.121 kN
Fy = 0:
Ay (1.8 kN/m )( 2.6 m ) 4 kN + 3.121 kN = 0

A y = 5.559 kN
Along AC:
Fy = 0:
5.559 kN (1.8 kN/m ) x V = 0 V = 5.559 kN (1.8 kN/m ) x
M J = 0:
M +
x (1.8 km ) x x ( 5.559 kN ) = 0 2 M = ( 5.559 kN ) x ( 0.9 kN/m ) x 2
Along CD:
Fy = 0:
5.559 kN x (1.8 kN/m ) 4 kN V = 0 V = (1.559 kN ) (1.8 kN/m ) x
M K = 0: M + ( x 1.6 m )( 4 kN ) +
x (1.8 kN/m ) x x ( 5.559 kN ) = 0 2
M = 6.4 kN m + (1.559 kN ) x ( 0.9 kN/m ) x 2

continued
Along DB:
Fy = 0:
V + 3.121 kN = 0 V = 3.121 kN M + x1 ( 3.121 kN ) = 0 V M

max
(b)
M L = 0:
M = ( 3.121 kN ) x1
max
= 5.56 kN at A
= 6.59 kN m at C
(a) FBD Beam:
Fx = 0:
Fy = 0:
Ax = 0
Ay + ( 2 m )( 24 kN/m ) 48 kN 8 kN = 0
A y = 8 kN
M A = 0:
M A + (1 m )( 2 m )( 24 kN/m ) ( 3.5 m )( 48 kN )
( 2 m )( 8 kN ) = 0,
M A = 152 kN m
Along AC:
Fy = 0:
8 kN + x ( 24 kN m ) V = 0 V = 8 kN + ( 24 kN/m ) x
M J = 0:
M + 152 kN m x ( 8 kN )
x ( 24 kN/m ) x = 0 2
M = (12 kN/m ) x 2 + ( 8 kN ) x 152 kN m
Along DB:
Fy = 0:
V 8 kN = 0 V = 8 kN
M K = 0:
M + x1 ( 8 kN ) = 0,
M = ( 8 kN ) x1
continued
Along CD:
Fy = 0: M L = 0:
V 48 kN 8 kN = 0,
V = 56 kN
M + ( x1 0.5 m )( 48 kN ) + x1 ( 8 kN ) = 0 M = 24 kN m ( 56 kN ) x1
(b)
max
= 56.0 kN along CD = 152.0 kN m at A
max
(a) FBD Beam:
by symmetry, C y = Gy =
Cx = 0, and
1 2 (12 lb/in )(10 in ) + 2 (100 lb ) + (150 lb ) 2
C y = G y = 295 lb Along AC:
Fy = 0:
(12 lb/in.) x V = 0 lb V = 12 x in.
M J = 0:
M +
x (12 lb/in.) x = 0, 2
lb M = 6 x2 in.
Along CD:
Fy = 0:
(12 lb/in.)(10 in.) + 295 lb V = 0 V = 175 lb M + ( x 5 in.)(12 lb/in.)(10 in.) ( x 10 in.)( 295 lb ) = 0 M = 2350 lb in. + (175 lb ) x
continued
M K = 0:
Along DE:
Fy = 0: M N = 0:
(12 lb/in.)(10 in.) + 295lb 100 lb V = 0,
V = 75 lb
M + ( x 16 in.)(100 lb ) ( x 10 in.)( 295 lb ) + ( x 5 in.)(12 lb/in.)(10 in.) = 0 M = 750 lb in + ( 75 lb ) x
Complete diagrams using symmetry. V (b)

max
= 175.0 lb along CD and FG M

max
= 900 lb in. at E
(a) FBD Beam:
M D = 0:
( 6 ft )(1 kip/ft )( 6 ft ) ( 7.5 ft )( 2 kips/ft )( 9 ft )

(12 ft ) Fy + (15 ft )( 33 kips ) = 0
Fy = 33 kips
Fy = 0: (1 kip/ft )( 6 ft ) + Dy ( 2 kips/ft )( 9 ft ) 33 kips + 33 kips = 0
D y = 24 kips Along AC:
Fy = 0: M J = 0:
(1 kip/ft ) x V = 0, M + x (1 kip ft ) x = 0, 2
V = (1 kip/ft ) x 1 M = kip/ft x 2 2
Along CD:
Fy = 0: M K = 0:
(1 kip/ft )( 6 ft ) V = 0,
V = 6 kips
M + ( x 3 ft )(1 kip/ft )( 6 ft ) = 0 M = 18 kip ft ( 6 kips ) x

continued
Along DE:
Fy = 0: M L = 0:
6 kips + 24 kips V = 0,
V = 18 kips =0
( x 3 ft )( 6 kips ) ( x 9 ft )( 24 kips ) + M
M = 198 kip ft + (18 kips ) x
Along FB:
Fy = 0: M N = 0:
V + 33 kips = 0,
V = 33 kips M = ( 33 kips ) x1
x1 ( 33 kips ) M = 0,
Along EF:
Fy = 0: V ( 2 kips/ft ) x2 33 kips + 33 kips = 0 V = ( 2 kips/ft ) x2 M O = 0: M + x2 ( 2 kips/ft ) x2 ( 3 ft ) ( 33 kips ) = 0 2
2 M = 99 kip ft (1 kip/ft ) x2
V (b)
max
= 33.0 kips along FB

max
= 99.0 kip ft at F
(a) FBD Beam: Fy = 0:
( 4 m )( w) ( 2 m )(12 kN/m ) = 0
w = 6 kN/m
Along AC:
Fy = 0:
x ( 6 kN/m ) V = 0,
V = ( 6 kN/m ) x
V = 6 kN at C ( x = 1 m ) M J = 0: x ( 6 kN/m )( x ) = 0 2 M = ( 3 kN/m ) x 2 M = 3 kN m at C M +
Along CD:
Fy = 0:
(1 m )( 6 kN/m ) + x1 ( 6 kN/m ) V = 0 V = ( 6 kN/m )(1 m x1 ) , V = 0 at x1 = 1 m
M K = 0:
x1 ( 6 kN/m ) x1 = 0 2 2 M = 3 kN m ( 6 kN ) x1 + ( 3 kN/m ) x1 M + ( 0.5 m + x1 )( 6 kN/m )(1 m ) M = 6 kN m at center
( x1 = 1 m )
max
Finish by symmetry. (b) From diagrams:
= 6.00 kN at C and D = 6.00 kN at center
max
(a) FBD Beam:
Fy = 0:
(12 m ) w ( 6 m )( 3 kN/m ) = 0
w = 1.5 kN/m
Along AC:
Fy = 0:
x (1.5 kN/m ) V = 0,
V = (1.5 kN/m ) x
V = 4.5 kN at C M J = 0: M x (1.5 kN/m )( x ) = 0 2 M = 6.75 N m at C
M = ( 0.75 kN/m ) x 2 ,
Along CD:
Fy = 0:
x (1.5 kN/m ) ( x 3 m )( 3 kN/m ) V = 0 V = 9 kN (1.5 kN/m ) x, V = 0 at x = 6 m
M K = 0:
x x 3m M + ( 3 kN/m )( x 3 m ) (1.5 kN/m ) x = 0 2 2 M = 13.5 kN m + ( 9 kN ) x ( 0.75 kN/m ) x 2 M = 13.5 kN m at center
( x = 6 m)
V M
max
Finish by symmetry. (b) From diagrams:
= 4.50 kN at C and D
max
= 13.50 kN m at center
(a) FBD Beam:
Fy = 0:
(8 m ) w 2 ( 6 kN ) ( 4 m )( 5 kN/m ) = 0
w = 4 kN/m
Along AC:
Fy = 0:
( 4 kN/m ) x V
=0
V = ( 4 kN/m ) x M J = 0: M x ( 4 kN/m ) x = 0, 2 M = ( 2 kN/m ) x 2
Along CD:
Fy = 0:
( 4 kN/m ) x 6 kN V
=0
V = ( 4 kN/m ) x 6 kN M K = 0: M + ( x 1 m )( 6 kN ) x ( 4 kN/m ) x = 0 2
M = ( 2 kN/m ) x 2 ( 6 kN ) x + 6 kN m Note: V = 0 at x = 1.5 m where M = 1.5 kN/m Along DE:
Fy = 0:
( 4 kN/m )( 2 m ) 6 kN (1 kN/m )( x 2 m ) V V = 4 kN (1 kN/m ) x
=0
x 2 m M L = 0: M + (1 kN/m )( x 2 m ) + ( x 1 m ) 6 kN 2 ( x 1 m )( 4 kN/m )( 2 m ) = 0
continued
1 M = kN/m x 2 + ( 4 kN ) x 4 kN m 2 Note: V = 0 at x = 4 m, where M = 4 kN m Complete diagrams using symmetry. (b) V M

max
= 4 kN at C and F = 4 kN m at center
max
(a) FBD Beam:
Fy = 0:
w (1.5 m ) 2 ( 3.6 kN ) = 0 w = 4.8 kN/m
Along AC:
Fy = 0: M J = 0:
( 4.8 kN/m ) x V
M
= 0,
V = ( 4.8 kN/m ) x M = ( 2.4 kN/m ) x 2
x ( 4.8 kN/m ) x = 0, 2
Along CD:
Fy = 0:
( 4.8 kN/m ) x 3.6 kN V
=0
V = ( 4.8 kN/m ) x 3.6 kN M K = 0: M + ( x 0.3 m )( 3.6 kN ) x ( 4.8 kN/m ) x = 0 2
M = 1.08 kN m ( 3.6 kN ) x + ( 2.4 kN/m ) x 2 Note: V = 0 at x = 0.75 m, where M = 0.27 kN m Complete diagrams using symmetry. V
max
= 2.16 kN at C and D = 270 N m at center
M (b)
max
FBD CE:
Fx = 0: Fy = 0: M C = 0:
Cy = 0
C y 4 kN = 0
C y = 4 kN
M C ( 0.5 m )( 4 kN ) = 0 M C = 2 kN m
Fx = 0:
Ax = 0 Ay 4 kN 2 kN 1 k = 0
Ay = 7 kN
Beam AB:
Fy = 0: M A = 0:
M A 2 kN m ( 0.5 m )( 4 kN ) (1 m )( 2 kN ) (1.5 m )(1 kN ) = 0,
M A = 7.5 kN m
Along AC:
Fy = 0: V = 7 kN M J = 0:
7 kN V = 0
M + 7.5 kN m x ( 7 kN ) = 0 M = ( 7 kN ) x 7.5 kN m
Along DB:
Fy = 0:
V 1 kN = 0 V = 1 kN
M K = 0:
M + x1 (1 kN ) = 0 M = (1 kN ) x1
Along CD:
Fy = 0: M M = 0:
V 2 kN 1 kN = 0
V = 3 kN
M + ( x1 0.5 m )( 2 kN ) + x1 (1 kN ) = 0 M = 1 kN m ( 3 kN ) x1
Note: M exhibits a discontinuity at C, equal to 2 kN m, the value of MC. From the diagrams, V
max
= 7.00 kN along AC
max
= 7.50 kN at A
FBD CE or DF:
Fx = 0: Cx , Dx = 0
Fy = 0: C y 750 N = 0, C y = 750 N Dy = 750 N M C = 0: M C ( 0.3 m )( 750 N ) = 0 M C = 225 N m = M D
Beam AB:
M A = 0:
( 0.9 m ) Dy
2 ( 225 N m ) ( 0.3 m )( 750 N )
( 0.9 m )( 750 N ) (1.2 m )( 540 N ) = 0 Dy = 2220 N Fy = 0: Ay 2 ( 750 N ) 540 N + 2220 N = 0 Ay = 180 N

Along AC: A y = 180 N
Fy = 0: 180 N V = 0 V = 180 N M J = 0: M + x (180 N ) = 0 M = (180 N ) x
Along CD:
Fy = 0: 180 N 750 N V = 0, M K = 0:
V = 930 N
M 225 N m + ( x 0.3 m )( 750 N ) + x (180 N ) = 0
M = 450 N m ( 930 N ) x
Along DB:
Fy = 0: V 540 N = 0 V = 540 N M N = 0: M + x1 ( 540 N ) = 0 M = ( 540 N ) x1
Note: The discontinuities in M, at C and D, equal 225 N m, M C and M D
From the diagrams
max
= 930 N along CD = 387 N m at D
max
FBD Angle:
Fy = 0: M C = 0:
T Cy = 0 Cy = T
( 0.3 ft ) T
M C = 0,
M C = ( 0.3 ft ) T
By symmetry, Dy = T , M D = ( 0.3 ft ) T Fy = 0: (a)

Beam AB:
2T 810 lb (100 lb/ft )( 9 ft ) = 0 T = 855 lb.
From above M C = M D = ( 0.3 ft )( 855 lb ) = 256.5 lb ft

Along AC:
Fy = 0: x (100 lb/ft ) V = 0 V = (100 lb/ft ) x
M J = 0: M +
Along CI:
x (100 lb/ft ) x = 0, 2
M = ( 50 lb/ft ) x 2
M C = 256.5 lb ft
Fy = 0:
(100 lb/ft ) x + 855 lb V = 0
V = 855 lb (100 lb/ft ) x
M K = 0:
M 256.5 lb ft +
x (100 lb/ft ) x 2
( x 3.6 ft )( 855 lb ) = 0 M = ( 50 lb/ft ) x 2 + ( 855 lb ) x 2821.5 lb ft Complete diagrams using symmetry Note: Discontinuities in M, at C and D, equal M C and M D
(b)
M
max
= 495 lb at C and D
max
= 648 lb ft at C and D
FBD Angle:
Fy = 0: T C y = 0
Cy = T M C = ( 0.3 ft ) T
M C = 0: M C ( 0.3 ft ) T = 0,
By symmetry, Dy = T and M D = ( 0.3 ft ) T
(a) Beam AB:
Fy = 0: 2T (100 lb/ft )( 9 ft ) 810 lb = 0
T = 855 lb
From above, M C = M D = ( 0.3 ft )( 855 lb ) = 256.5 lb ft Along AC:
Fy = 0: (100 lb/ft ) x V = 0
V = (100 lb/ft ) x
M J = 0:
Along CI:
M +
x (100 lb/ft ) x = 0 2
M = ( 50 lb/ft ) x 2
M C = 256.5 lb ft
Fy = 0:
855 lb (100 lb/ft ) x V = 0
V = 855 lb (100 lb/ft ) x

M K = 0: M 256.5 lb ft +
x (100 lb/ft ) x 2
( x 2.7 ft )( 855 lb ) = 0
M = ( 50 lb/ft ) x 2 + ( 855 lb ) x 2052 lb ft

Complete diagrams using symmetry Note: The discontinuities in M, at C and D, equal M C and M D (b)
max
= 585 lb at C and D
max
= 783 lb ft at I

Note: D passes through C, so FBD Whole:
Dy Dx
0.35 m = 0.7 0.5 m
M H = 0: ( 0.65 m )( 200 N ) ( 0.5 m ) ( 0.7 Dx ) + ( 0.1 m ) ( Dx ) + ( 0.25 m )( 400 N ) ( 0.15 m )( 200 N ) = 0

D x = 800 N
D y = 560 N
Fx = 0: 800 N H x = 0 H x = 800 N
Fy = 0:
560 N 400 N 2 ( 200 N ) + H y = 0
H y = 240 N
Beam AB with forces at D & H replaced by forces and couples at E and G. Horizontal forces not shown to avoid clutter. Along AE:
Fy = 0:
200 N V = 0
V = 200 N
M J = 0:
x ( 200 N ) + M = 0
M = ( 200 N ) x
Along EF:
Fy = 0:
200 N + 560 N V = 0
V = 360 N
M K = 0: M 80 N m + x ( 200 N ) ( x 0.15 m )( 560 N ) = 0
M = ( 360 N ) x 4 N m
Along GB:
Fy = 0: V 400 N = 0
V = 200 N
M L = 0:
M + x1 ( 200 N ) = 0
M = ( 200 N ) x1
continued
Along FG:
Fy = 0: V + 240 N 200 N = 0
V = 40 N
M N = 0:
M 160 N m + x1 0.15 m ( 240 N ) x1 ( 200 ) N = 0
M = 124 N m + ( 40 N ) x1
From diagrams,
V M
max
= 360 N along EF = 140.0 N m at F
max
FBD AB + Pulley & Cord:
M A = 0:
( 48 in.)
5 12 D + ( 20 in.) D (100 in.)(120 lb ) = 0 13 13 so D x = 300 lb , D y = 125 lb
D = 325 lb
Fy = 0: Ay + 125 lb 120 lb = 0
A y = 5 lb
Neglecting the diameter of pulley G, the cord EG has slope 3/4, and tension 120 lb, E x = 96 lb ,
E y = 72 lb
(a)
Beam AB with forces at D and G replaced by forces and couples at E and F. Horizontal forces are omitted to avoid clutter.
Along AE:
Fy = 0: 5 lb V = 0, V = 5 lb M = ( 5 lb ) x
M J = 0: x ( 5 lb ) + M = 0,
Along EF:
Fy = 0: M K = 0:
5 lb + 197 lb V = 0,
V = 192 lb
M + 6000 lb in. + x ( 5 lb ) ( x 48 in.)(197 lb ) = 0 M = (192 lb ) x 15456 lb in.
Along FB:
Fy = 0: V 120 lb = 0, V = 120 lb M L = 0: M x1 (120 lb ) = 0 M = (120 lb ) x1
(b)
From diagrams, M
max
max
= 192.0 lb along EF
= 6240 lb in. = 520 lb ft at E
Fy = 0: Lw 2P = 0
Along AC:
w=
2P L
M J = 0: M
Along CD:
x 2P x = 0 2 L
M =
P 2 x L
M K = 0: M + ( x a ) P
M =
x 2P x = 0 2 L
P 2 x Px + Pa L
Complete diagram using symmetry Note: M min = Pa
1 L (center) PL at x = 2 4 P 2 PL L2 a = Pa + or a 2 + La =0 4 L 4
2 1 L 2
a = 0.311 m
Setting M max = M min : Solving a = (a) (b)
L 2 L, positive root a = 2 2
Then, with L = 1.5 m, and, with P = 3.6 kN,
a = 0.31066 m
M max = Pa 2 L
M
max
= 232 N m
Fy = 0: T C y = 0
Cy = T M C = ( 0.3 ft ) T
FBD Angle CE:
M C = 0: M C ( 0.3 ft ) T = 0, by symmetry D y = T
and M D = ( 0.3 ft ) T
Fy = 0: 2T 810 lb ( 9 ft )(100 lb/ft ) = 0
T = 855 lb
Beam AB:
From above M C = M D = 256.5 lb ft
Along AC:
M J = 0: M
x (100 lb/ft ) x = 0 2
M = ( 50 lb/ft ) x 2
Along CI: M C = 256.5 lb ft

M K = 0: M 256.5 lb ft + x (100 lb/ft ) x 2 ( x 4.5 ft + a )( 855 lb ) = 0
2 M = 50 x + 855 ( x + a ) 3591 lb ft with a in ft
Complete M diagram using symmetry At x = ( 4.5 a ) ft, M min = 50 ( 4.5 a ) lb ft

2
At x = 4.5 ft, M max = ( 855 a 756 ) lb ft Setting M max = M min : a 2 26.1 a + 35.37 = 0
(a) (b)
Solving: a = 13.05 11.6160,
a < 4.5 so giving M

max
a = 1.434 ft = 470 lb ft
Replacing the 1500 N force with equivalent force and couple at D,
M C = 0:
(1.25 m ) P (1.2 m )(1500 N ) 1800 N m

+ ( 2.4 m ) E y ( 3.65 m ) 2P = 0
assume P in N: E y = (1500 + 2.5208 P ) N
Fy = 0:
C y P 2P 1500 + (1500 + 2.5208 P ) = 0
C y = 0.47917 P
Along AC:
M J = 0: M + x P = 0
M = Px
Along CD:
M K = 0:
M + x P ( x 1.25 m )( 0.47917 P ) = 0 M = 0.5208 Px 0.5990 P

at x = 2.45 (left of D), M = 1.875 P at x = 2.45+ (right of D), M = 1800 1.875 P At E:
M E = 0: M (1.25 m )( 2 P ) = 0
M = 2.5 P
(a) Setting M max = M min : 1800 1.875 P = 2.5 P
P = 411.43 P = 411 N
(b)
M max = 2.5 P
M max = 1029 N m
max
= 1.029 kN m
Since there are no distributed loads, M is piecewise linear, and only pts A, C, and D need be considered.
At A:
M A = 0: M + ( 0.75 m )( 4 kN ) + (1.75 m )(16 kN ) (1.75 m + a )( 8 kN ) = 0 (With a in m) M = ( 8 a 17 ) kN m
At C:
M C = M + (1 m )(16 kN ) (1 m + a m )( 8 kN ) = 0 M = ( 8 a 8 ) kN m
At D:
M D = 0: M ( a m )( 8 kN ) = 0 M = 8 a kN m
(a)
Apparently M max = 8 a kN m at D, and M min = ( 8 a 17 ) kN m at A Setting M max = M min : 8 a = 17 8 a a= 17 m 16 a = 1.063 m and M max = 8 a = 17 kN m 2 M
max
(b)
= 8.50 kN m
M A = 0: a Dy ( 5 ft )( 500 lb ) (10 ft )( 500 lb ) = 0 Dy = 7500 lb ft a
Since there are no distributed loads, M is piecewise linear, so only points C and D need be considered. Assume a in ft.
At D:
M D = 0:
M + (10 a ) ft ( 500 lb ) = 0
M D = 500 (10 a ) lb ft
At C:
7500 M C = 0: M + ( 5ft )( 500 lb ) 5 (10 a ) ft a lb = 0 37500 M C = 5000 lb ft a (a) Apparently M max = M C and M min = M D (recall 5 < a < 10 )
Setting M C = M D : 5000 37500 = 5000 500 a a 37500 = 500 a 2 a = 75 a = 8.66 ft M
max
(b)
max
= 500 10 75 lb ft
= 670 lb ft
M A = 0: aDy ( 5 ft )( 250 lb ) (10 ft )( 500 lb ) = 0
Dy =
With a in ft, Dy =
6250 lb ft a
6250 lb a
Since there are no distributed loads, M is piecewise linear, so only points C and D need be considered. At D:
M D = 0:
(10 a ) ft ( 500 lb ) + M D = 0
M D = 500 (10 a ) lb ft
At C:
M C = 0:
6250 M C + ( 5 ft )( 500 lb ) 5 (10 a ) ft a lb = 0
31250 M C = 3750 lb ft a
(a) Apparently M max is M C and M min is M D Setting M C = M D : 3750
( 5 < a < 10 )
31250 = 500 a + 5000 a
500 a 2 1250 31250 = 0 or a 2 2.5 a 62.5 = 0

a = 1.25 8.004, positive root a = 9.254 ft
a = 9.25 ft
(b)
max
= 500 (10 a ) lb ft
max
= 373 lb ft
M due to distributed load:
M J = 0: M
x wx = 0 2 1 M = wx 2 2
M due to counter weight:
M J = 0: M + xw = 0
M = wx
(a) Both applied:
M = Wx
And here M =
w 2 x 2
dM W = W wx = 0 at x = dx w
W2 > 0 so M max ; M min must be at x = L 2w
So M min = WL
1 2 wL . For minimum M 2
max
set M max = M min , so
W2 1 = WL + wL2 or W 2 + 2wLW w2 L2 = 0 2w 2
W = wL 2w2 L2 (need +)
W =
(b) w may be removed
2 1 wL = 0.414wL
M max
Without w,
W2 = = 2w
2 1 2
wL2
M max = 0.858wL2
M = Wx, M max = WL at A
With w (see part a)
M = Wx
w 2 x , 2
M max =
W2 W at x = 2w w
M min = WL
For minimum M max , set M max ( no w ) = M min ( with w )
1 2 wL at x = L 2
WL = WL +
1 2 1 wL W = wL 2 4
M max = W =
1 2 wL 4 1 wL 4
With
(a) FBD Beam:
M C = 0:
LAy M 0 = 0
Ay =
Fy = 0: Ay + C = 0
M0 L M0 L
C=
M0 dV = w = 0 . at A, and remains constant L dx Moment Diag: M starts at zero at A and decreases linearly M M M dM = V = 0 to 0 at B, where M jumps by M 0 to + 0 . 2 2 dx L M M continues to decrease with slope 0 to zero at C. L
Shear Diag: V =
(b) From diagrams: V

max
M0 everywhere L
max
M0 at B 2
(a) and (b)
By symmetry Ay = By Fy = 0: 2 Ay 2 P = 0 Ay = P
By = P
Shear Diag:
V is piecewise constant with discontinuities equal to P at A, B, C and D in the direction of the loads.
Moment Diag:
M is piecewise linear with slope equal to + P on AB, 0 on BC, P on CD. M B = Pa V
max
= P along AB and CD M
max
= Pa along BC
(a) and (b)
Shear Diag:
dV = w starting at 0 at A, and Since w is linear, V is quadratic dx 1 decreasing to w0 L at B. 2
Moment Diag:
dm = V to M is zero at A and decreases cubically dx
1 1 1 2 w0 L L = w0 L at B. 3 2 6 V M
max
1 w0 L at B 2
max
1 w0 L2 at B 6
(a) and (b)
M B = 0:
aP + 2aC y 3.5aP = 0 C y = 1.25P
Fy = 0: Shear Diag:
By 2 P + 1.25P = 0
By = 0.75P
V is piecewise constant, equal to P from A to B, jumping up 0.75P, at B, to 0.25P, and jumping up 1.25 P, at C, to + P. Moment Diag:
dM M is zero at A, decreasing linearly = V = P to Pa at B, and dx dM further, = V = 0.25P to Pa ( 0.25P )( 2a ) = 1.5Pa at C. M dx dM then increases linearly = V = P to 1.5Pa + P (1.5a ) = 0 at D, dx as it must.
max
= P along AB and CD M
max
= 1.5Pa at C
(a) and (b)
M B = 0:
( 0.6 ft )( 4 kips ) + ( 5.1 ft )(8 kips ) + ( 7.8 ft )(10 kips ) ( 9.6 ft ) Ay

A y = 12.625 kips
=0
Shear Diag:
dV V is piecewise constant, = 0 with discontinuities at each dx concentrated force. (equal to force) V

Moment Diag:
max
= 12.63 kips
dM = V throughout. M is zero at A, and piecewise linear dx

M C = (1.8 ft )(12.625 kips ) = 22.725 kip ft M D = 22.725 kip ft + ( 2.7 ft )( 2.625 kips ) = 29.8125 kip ft M E = 29.8125 kip ft ( 4.5 ft )( 5.375 kips ) = 5.625 kip ft M B = 5.625 kip ft ( 0.6 ft )( 9.375 kips ) = 0
max
= 29.8 kip ft
(a) and (b)
FBD Beam:
M E = 0:
(1.1 m )( 0.54 kN ) ( 0.9 m ) C y + ( 0.4 m )(1.35 kN ) ( 0.3 m )( 0.54 kN ) = 0

C y = 1.08 kN
Fy = 0:
0.54 kN + 1.08 kN 1.35 kN + E 0.54 kN = 0

E = 1.35 kN
Shear Diag:
dV V is piecewise constant, = 0 everywhere with discontinuities at dx each concentrated force. (equal to the force) V
Moment Diag:
max
= 810 N
M is piecewise linear starting with M A = 0

M C = 0 0.2 m ( 0.54 kN ) = 0.108 kN m M D = 0.108 kN m + ( 0.5 m )( 0.54 kN ) = 0.162 kN m M E = 0.162 kN m ( 0.4 m )( 0.81 kN ) = 0.162 kN m M B = 0.162 kN m + ( 0.3 m )( 0.54 kN ) = 0
max
= 0.162 kN m = 162.0 N m
M A = 0:
(1.5 m ) E y
1 m ( 360 N/m )(1 m ) (1.3 m )( 600 N ) 2

E y = 1200 N
( 2 m )( 420 N ) = 0 Fy = 0:
Ay + 1200 N ( 360 N/m )(1 m ) 600 N 420 N = 0

A y = 180.0 N
(a)
Shear Diag:
V jumps to Ay = 180 N at A, then decreases linearly dV = w = 360 N/m to 180 N ( 360 N/m )(1 m ) = 180 N at C. dx From C, V is piecewise constant ( w = 0 ) with jumps of 600 N at D, + 1200 N at E, 420 N at B.
Moment Diag:
M starts at zero at A with slope

at x = 0.5 m . There M =
dM = V = 180 N/m, decreasing to zero dx
1 (180 N )( 0.5 m ) = 45 N m. M is zero again 2 at C, decreasing to (180 N )( 0.3 m ) = 54 N m at D. M then decreases by ( 780 N )( 0.2 m ) = 156 N m to 210 N m at E, and increases by ( 420 N )( 0.5 m ) = 210 N m to zero at B. (b) From the diagrams, V
max
= 780 N along EB = 210 N m at E
max
(a)
Shear Diag:
dV V is zero at A with constant slope = w = 1 kip/ft decreasing to dx 3.6 kips at C. V then jumps 9 kips to 5.4 kips and is constant to D. Then V increases with constant slope 1.5 kips/ft for 3 ft, to 9.9 kips at B. This is also equal to By .
Moment Diag:
dM = V decreasing to 3.6 kips at C, M is zero at A, with zero slope dx 1 where M = ( 3.6 kips )( 3.6 ft ) , M C = 6.48 kip ft. M then increases 2 linearly with slope 5.4 kips to 6.48 kip ft + ( 5.4 kips )(1.8 ft ) = 3.24 kip ft at D. Finally, M increases, with increasing slope, to 5.4 kips + 9.9 kips M B = 3.24 kip ft + ( 3 ft ) , 2
(b)
M B = 26.19 kip ft. From the diagrams, M V

max
= 9.90 kips at B
max
= 26.2 kip ft at B
(a)
M B = 0: ( 4 m ) Ay ( 2.7 m )(1.8 kN/m )( 2.6 m ) ( 2.4 m )( 4 kN ) = 0

A y = 5.559 kN Shear Diag:
At A, V jumps up 5.559 kN, then decreases with uniform slope of 1.8 kN/m to 2.679 kN at C. V then jumps down 4 kN to 1.321 kN, and continues with uniform slope 1.8 kN/m to 3.121 kN at D. V is then constant to B. Note: By = 3.121 kN
Moment Diag:
M is zero at A, with slope
dM = V = 5.559 kN. The slope decreases to dx 5.559 + 2.679 kN (1.6 m ) , 2.679 kN at C, where M = 2 M C = 6.59 kN m. At C the slope drops to 1.321 kN and continues to
1.321 + 3.121 decrease, M D = 6.59 kN m kN (1 m ) = 4.37 kN m. 2 M then decreases with uniform slope 3.121 kN, to zero at B. From the diagrams, V M
max max
= 5.56 kN at A
(b)
= 6.59 kN m at C
(a)
Fy = 0:
Ay + ( 24 kN/m )( 2 m ) 48 kN 8 kN = 0
A y = 8 kN
M A = 0:
M A (1 m )( 24 kN/m )( 2 m ) + ( 3.5 m )( 48 kN ) + ( 4 m )( 8 kN ) = 0 M A = 152 kN m
Shear Diag:
V jumps to 8 kN at A, and increases with uniform slope dV = w = 24 kN/m to 56 kN at C. V is constant at 56 kN to D, then dx drops by 8 kN to 8 kN at D, is then constant at 8 kN to B.
Moment Diag:
M starts at M A = 152 kN m, with slope 8 kN, which increases to 56 kN 8 + 56 at C, where M = 152 kN m + kN ( 2 m ) = 88 kN m. Then 2 M increases with uniform slope 56 kN to 88 kN m + ( 56 kN )(1.5 m ) = 4 kN m at D, and finally, with slope 8 kN, to zero at B. From the diagrams, V M
max
= 56 kN along CD = 152.0 kN m at A
(b)
max
Note: Cx is omitted to avoid clutter. (a)

By symmetry C y = G y Fy = 0: 2C y 2 (12 lb/in.)(10 in.) 2 (100 lb ) 150 lb = 0
C y = 295 lb Shear Diag: G y = 295 lb
dV = w = 12 lb/in. which is uniform to dx C, where V = (12 lb/in.)(10 in.) = 120 lb in. V jumps 295 lb to
At A, V = 0 and has slope
+ 175 lb at C, is constant to D where it drops 100 lb to 75 lb, is constant to E where it drops 150 lb to 75 lb. The diagram can be completed using symmetry.
Moment Diag:
M is zero at A, with zero slope, which decreases linearly to 120 lb at C, 1 where M = (120 lb )(10 in.) = 600 lb in. M then increases, with 2 uniform slope 175 lb, to 600 lb in. + (175 lb )( 6 in.) = 450 lb in. at D. M then increases, at uniform slope 75 lb, to 450 lb + (75 lb)(6 in.) = 900 lb in. at E. The diagram can be completed using symmetry. From the diagrams, V
max
= 175.0 lb along CD and FG

max
(b)
= 900 lb in. at center E
(a)
M F = 0:
(18 ft )(1 kip/ft )( 6 ft ) (12 ft ) Dy

+ ( 4.5 ft )( 2 kips/ft )( 9 ft ) + ( 3 ft )( 33 kips ) = 0
D y = 24 kips
Fy = 0:
24 kips + Fy + 33 kips (1 kip/ft )( 6 ft ) ( 2 kips/ft )( 9 ft ) = 0 Fy = 33 kips
Fy = 33 kips Shear Diag:
dV = 1 kip/ft is uniform to C, where V = 6 kips . dx Then V is constant to D where it jumps up 24 kips to + 18 kips, and dV = 2 kips/ft and V decreases by remains constant to E. From E to F, dx 18 kips to zero at F, where it drops 33 kips, is constant to B, and jumps V = 0 at A and 33 kips to zero.
Moment Diag:
At A, M = 0 and M =
dM starts at zero, decreasing to 6 kips at C, where dx
1 ( 6 kips )( 6 ft ) = 18 kip ft. M then decreases linearly by 2 ( 6 kips )( 3 ft ) to 36 kip ft at D, and increases linearly by
(18 kip )( 3 ft )
to + 18 kip ft at E. From E to F,
dM decreases from dx
1 (18 kips )( 9 ft ) to 99 kip ft, at F. 2 M then decreases linearly to zero at B. 18 kips to zero as M increases by From the diagrams, V
max
= 33.0 kips along FB

max
(b)
= 99.0 kips at F
(a)
Fy = 0:
Ay + ( 200 N/m )( 0.8 m ) (120 N/m )( 0.3 m ) = 0 Ay = 124 N

A y = 124 N
M A = 0:
M A 60 N m ( 0.4 m )( 200 N/m )( 0.8 m ) + (1.35 m )(120 N/m )( 0.3 m ) = 0 M A = 75.4 N m
Shear Diag:
V drops to 124 N at A.
dV = 200 N/m from A to C and V increases by dx ( 200 N/m )( 0.8 m ) = 160 N to + 36 N at C. It remains at 36 N to D, x 124 N = , 0.8 m 160 N
then decreases linearly to zero at B. Note V = 0 where or x = 0.62 m.

Moment Diag:
M jumps to 75.4 at A where
dM = 124 N. The slope increases to zero dx 1 at x = 0.62 m, where M = 75.4 N m (124 N )( 0.62 m ) 2 = 36.96 N m. The slope then increases as M increases by 1 ( 36 N )( 0.18 m ) = 3.24 N m to 40.2 N m at C, where it drops 2 60 N m to 19.8 N m. M increases linearly by
( 36 N )( 0.4 m ) = 14.4 N m
quadratically by also zero. From the diagrams,
to 5.4 N m, and finally M increases
1 dM is ( 36 N )( 0.3 m ) = 5.4 N m to zero at B where 2 dx V = 124.0 N at A = 75.4 N at A
max max
(b)
(a)
M A = 0:
( 3 m )( 9 kN ) 27 kN m ( 9 m )(12 kN ) + (12 m ) F + (16.5 m )( 3 kN ) + 22.5 kN m = 0
F = 7.5 kN
Fy = 0: Ay 9 kN 12 kN + 7.5 kN + 3 kN = 0
A y = 10.5 kN Shear Diag:
V is piecewise constant, with jumps at A, C, E, F, and B, equal to the forces there.

Moment Diag:
M is piecewise linear with jumps at D and B equal to the couples there. M C = (10.5 kN )( 3 m ) = 31.5 kN m
M D = 31.5 kN m + (1.5 kN )( 3 m ) = 36.0 kN m
M D+ = 36 kN m + 27 kN m = 63 kN m M E = 63 kN m + (1.5 kN )( 3 m ) = 67.5 kN m M F = 67.5 kN m (10.5 kN )( 3 m ) = 36 kN m

M B = 36 kN m ( 3 kN )( 4.5 m ) = 22.5 kN m
Finally M drops 22.5 kN m to zero at B
(b)
From the diagrams,
max
= 10.50 kN along AC and EF M

max
= 67.5 kN m at E
(a)
M A = 0:
( 3 m ) By ( 2.1 m )( 2.5 kN/m )( 4.2 m ) = 0

B y = 7.35 kN
Fy = 0:
Shear Diag:
Ay ( 2.5 kN/m )( 4.2 m ) + 7.35 kN = 0

A y = 3.15 kN
dV = 2.5 kN/m throughout, and jumps at A and B equal to dx the forces there. V has slope
VB = 3.15 kN ( 2.5 kN/m )( 3 m ) = 4.35
VB + = 4.35 kN + 7.35 kN = 3 kN VC = 3 kN ( 2.5 kN/m )(1.2 m ) = 0 Note, V = 0 where 3.15 kN ( 2.5 kN/m ) x = 0, x = 1.26 m.
Moment Diag:
dM = 3.15 kN. The slope decreases to zero at dx x = 1.26 m and to 4.35 kN at B, jumps to 3.0 kN and decreases to 0 at C. 1 M D = ( 3.15 kN )(1.26 m ) = 1.9845 kN m 2 1 M B = 1.9845 kN m ( 4.35 kN )( 3 m 1.26 m ) = 1.80 kN m 2 1 M C = 1.80 kN m + ( 3 kN )(1.2 m ) = 0 2 At A, M = 0 and From the diagrams, V M
max max
= 4.35 kN at B
(b)
= 1.985 kN at D (1.26 m from A )
(a)
Note: C x omitted to avoid clutter. M C = 0: ( 0.5 m )( 2 kN/m )( 2 m ) + (1.5 m )(1 kN )
( 3 m )( 4.5 kN/m )(1 m ) + ( 3.5 m ) By = 0
B y = 4.0 kN
Fy = 0:
Shear Diag:
C y ( 2 kN/m )( 2 m ) + 1 kN ( 4.5 kN/m )(1 m ) + 4.0 kN = 0
C y = 3.5 kN
dV = 2 kN/m, so V decreases to 1 at C, then dm jumps 3.5 kN to + 2.5 kN, and continues to decrease, with the same slope, to 0.5 kN at D, jumps 1 kN to + 0.5 kN from D to E. Then V decreases at rate 4.5 kN/m, to 4.0 kN at B. Note that V = 0 where 8 ( 4.5 kN/m )( x ) = 4 kN, x = m, and where ( 2 kN/m )( y ) = 2.5, 9 5 y = m. 4 Moment Diag: dM At A, M and = 0, with the slope decreasing to 1 kN at C, where dx 1 M = (1 kN )( 0.5 m ) = 0.25 kN m. The slope jumps to 2.5 kN 2 and decreases to zero at F and to 0.5 kN at D.
At A, V = 0 and
M F = 0.25 kN m +
1 5 ( 2.5 kN ) m = 1.3125 kN m 2 4
M D = 1.3125 kN m
From D, M increases by ( 0.5 kN )(1 m ) to 1.75 kN m at G. M continues to increase to 1.75 kN m + then decreases by
1 1 ( 0.5 kN ) m = 1.25 kN m. 2 4
1 1 m = 1.7778 kN m at G and ( 0.5 kN ) 2 9
1 8 m = 1.7778 kN m, to zero at B. ( 4 kN ) 2 9
V M
max max
(b)
From the diagrams,
= 4.00 kN at B
4 = 1.778 kN m at G m from B 9
(a)
Fy = 0:
Ay ( 2 kips/ft )( 8 ft ) 3 kips + 7 kips = 0
A y = 12 kips M A = 0:
Shear Diag: V jumps to 12 kips at A, then decreases at 2 kips/ft to 4 kips at C to D. V drops 3 kips to 7 kips from D to B and jumps 7 kips to zero. Note:
V = 0 where 12 kips ( 2 kips/ft ) x = 0, x = 6 ft.
M A + ( 4 ft )( 2 kips/ft )( 8 ft ) (14 ft )( 3 kips ) ( 20 ft )( 7 kips ) = 0

M A = 34 kip ft
Moment Diag: M jumps to 34 kip ft at A and then increases with decreasing slope to 1 34 kip ft + (12 kips )( 6 ft ) = 70 kip ft at E, and decreases by 2 1 ( 4 kips )( 2 ft ) = 4 kip ft, to 66 kip ft at C. M then decreases by 2 ( 4 kips )( 6 ft ) to 42 kip ft at D, and by ( 7 kips )( 6 ft ) to zero at B.
max
= 70 kip ft at E
Fy = 0:
Ay ( 2 kips/ft )( 8 ft ) 3 kips + 10 kips = 0
A y = 9 kips
(b)
M A = 0:
M A + ( 4 ft )( 2 kips/ft )( 8 ft ) + (14 ft )( 3 kips )

( 20 ft )(10 kips ) = 0
M A = 94 kip ft
Shear Diag: V jumps to 9 kips at A, then decreases, at 2 kips/ft , to 7 kips at C to D, drops 3 kips to 10 kips from D to B and jumps 10 kips to 0. Note: V = 0 where 9 kips ( 2 kips/ft ) x = 0, x = 4.5 ft.
Moment Diag: M jumps to 94 kip ft at A and increases to

94 kip ft + 1 ( 9 kips )( 4.5 ft ) = 114.25 kip ft, then decreases by 2
B.
1 ( 7 kips )( 3.5 ft ) to 102 kip ft at C. M decreases linearly by 2 ( 7 kips )( 6 ft ) to 60 kip ft at D, then by (10 kips )( 6 ft ) to zero at
M = 114.3 kip ft at E ( 4.5 ft from A)
max
M A = 0:
(15 ft ) C y + ( 9 ft )( 600 lb ) ( 4.5 ft )(800 lb/ft )( 9 ft ) = 0

C y = 1800 lb = 1.8 kips
Ay + 1800 lb ( 800 lb )( 9 ft ) + 600 lb = 0
Fy = 0:
A y = 4800 lb = 4.8 kips Shear Diag:

V jumps to 4.8 kips at A then decreases linearly, at 0.8 kips/ft, to 2.4 kips at B, jumps 0.6 kips to 1.8 kips, is constant to C, and jumps 1.8 kips to zero. Note: V = 0 at D, where 4.8 kips ( 800 kip/ft ) x = 0, x = 6.0 ft.
Moment Diag:
M starts at zero and increases with decreasing slope to 1 ( 4.8 kips )( 6 ft ) = 14.4 kip ft at D, then decreases by 2 1 ( 2.4 kips )( 3 ft ) to 10.8 kip ft at B. M then decreases with slope 2 1.8 kips to zero at C.
max
= 14.40 kips at D (6 ft from A)
(a)
M A = 0:
( 6 m ) By (1 m )( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) 24 kN m
( 5 m )( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) = 0 B y = 44 kN
Fy = 0: Ay 2 ( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) + 44 kN = 0
A y = 36 kN
Shear Diag:
V jumps to 36 kN at A, then decreases with slope 20 kN/m to 4 kN at C, is constant to E, then decreases with slope 20 kN/m to 44 kN at B.
Note: V = 0 at F where 36 kN ( 20 kN/m ) x = 0, x = 1.8 m.
Moment Diag:
Starting at zero M increases with decreasing slope to

= 32.4 kN m at F , decreases by
1 (36 kN )(1.8 m) 2
1 ( 4 kN )( 0.2 m ) to 32 kN m at C , 2 then with slope 4 kN to 28 kN m at D, where it jumps to 52 kN m, M decreases with slope 4 kN to 48 kN m at E, then with increasingly
(b)
4 + 44 negative slope by kN ( 2 m ) to zero at B. 2

M
max
= 52 kN m ( at D ) W
(a)
M A = 0:
( 6 m ) By (1 m )( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) + 24 kN m
( 5 m )( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) = 0 B y = 36 kN
Fy = 0:
Ay 2 ( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) + 36 kN = 0
A y = 44 kN
Shear Diag: V jumps to 44 kN at A, then decreases with slope 20 kN/m to 4 kN at C, is constant to E, then decreases with slope 20 kN/m to 36 kN at B. V = 0 at F where 36 kN + ( 20 kN/m ) x = 0, x = 1.8 m. Moment Diag:
44 + 4 kN ( 2 m ) M starts at zero, increases with decreasing slope to 2 = 48 kN m at C , increases with slope 4 kN to 52 kN m at D, drops 24 kN m to 28 kN m then increases with slope 4 kN to 32 kN m at E. 1 Then M increases with decreasing slope, by ( 4 kN )( 0.2 m ) to 2 32.4 kN m at F and decreases with increasingly negative slope to zero at B.
(b)
M
max
= 52.0 kN m ( at D )
(a)
Note: The 2 kip force at E has been replaced by the equivalent force and couple at C.
M A = 0: ( 6 ft )(1 kip/ft )(12 ft ) + 8 kip ft (12 ft )( 2 kips ) + ( 24 ft ) Dy ( 32 ft )(1 kip ) = 0 Fy = 0:
D y = 5 kips
Ay (1 kip/ft )(12 ft ) 2 kips + 5 kips 1 kip = 0

A y = 10 kips
Shear Diag:
From 10 kips at A, V decreases with slope 1 kip/ft to 2 kips at C, drops 2 kips, is constant at 4 kips to D, jumps 5 kips, and is constant at 1 kip to B. V = 0 at E, where 10 kips (1 kip/ft ) x = 0, x = 10 ft.
Moment Diag:
From zero at A, M increases with decreasing slope to = 50 kip ft at F , decreases by 1 (10 kips)(10 ft ) 2
1 ( 2 kips )( 2 ft ) to 48 kip ft at C, drops 2 8 kip ft to 40 kip ft, then decreases with slope 4 kips to 8 kip ft at D. Finally M increases with slope 1 kip to zero at B. (b)
max
= 50 kip ft at F (10.00 ft from A ) W
(a)
Note: The 2 kip force at E has been replaced by the equivalent force and couple at C.
M A = 0: ( 6 ft )(1 kip/ft )(12 ft ) + (12 ft )( 2 kips ) 8 kip ft
+ ( 24 ft ) Dy ( 32 ft )(1 kip ) = 0 Fy = 0: Ay (1 kip/ft )(12 ft ) + 2 kips
Dy =
11 kips 3
11 kips 1 kip = 0 3
Ay =
22 kips 3
Shear Diag: 22 14 Starting at kips at A, V decreases with slope 1 kip/ft to kips 3 3 8 11 kips at C, jumps 2 kips and remains constant at kips to D, jumps 3 3 and remains constant at 1 kip to B, drops to zero. V = 0 at F, where Moment Diag:
Starting from zero, M increases with decreasing slope to 1 22 22 kips ft = 26.889 kip ft at F . M then decreases by 2 3 3 1 14 14 kips ft to 16 kip ft at C , jumps to 24 kip ft, decreases 2 3 3 8 with slope kips to 8 kip ft at D, and finally increases with slope 3 1 kip to zero at B. (b) M
max
22 kip (1 kip/ft ) x = 0, 3
x=
22 ft. 3
= 26.9 kip ft at F ( 7.33 ft from A) W

(b) (a) Distributed load Shear:
x w = w0 4 1 L
dV = w, and V ( 0 ) = 0, so dx
V = V =
wdx =
wo L 1
x/L 0
x Lwd L
x/L
2 x x x x 4 d = w L 2 0 L L L L
Notes: At x = L, V = w0 L And V = 0 at
x x = 2 L L
or
x 1 = L 2
1 x Also V is max where w = 0 = 4 L

Vmax =
Moment:
1 w0 L 8
M ( 0 ) = 0,
M =
dM =V dx
0 vdx = L 0
2
x/L
x x V d L L
M = w0 L
x/L
2 x x x 2 d L L L
2 x x V = w0 L 2 L L
1 x 2 2 x 3 M = w0 L 3 L 2 L
2
M max =
1 L w0 L2 at x = 24 2
1 M min = w0 L2 at x = L 6
M max =
(c )
w0 L2 L at x = 24 2 M
max
= M min =
w0 L2 at B 6
(b)
Fy = 0: Ay
1 1 ( 2w0 ) ( 2a ) + w0a = 0 2 2
Ay =
3 w0a 2
M A = 0: M A +
2 1 7 1 ( 2a ) ( 2w0 ) ( 2a ) a ( w0 ) ( a ) = 0 3 2 3 2 3 M A = w0a 2 2
(a) for 0 x 2a:
w=
w0 x a V = 3 w0a 2
x 0
w0 w xdx = 0 3a 2 x 2 W a 2a
3 M = w0a 2 + 2
x 0
w0 3a 2 x 2 dx 2a M = w0 9a 3 + 9a 2 x x3 W 6a
Note: V = 0 at x = 3a, where M = 0.232 w0a 2 At x = 2a, M = 1 w0a 2 6 w = 3w0 + w0 ( 3a x ) dx a V = M = 1 w0a + 6 w0 9a 2 + 6ax x 2 W 2a w0 x a
for 2a x 3a :
1 V = w0a + 2
x 2a
x 2a
w0 9a 2 + 6ax x 2 dx 2a M = w0 27a3 27a 2 x + 9ax 2 x3 W 6a M

max
(c)
3 w0a 2 at A ( x = 0 ) W 2
(a)
FBD Beam:
M B = 0:
( 3a )
1 w0 ( 3a ) 5aAy = 0 2
1 w0 ( 3a ) + B = 0 2
B = 0.6w0a
A y = 0.9w0a
Fy = 0: 0.9w0a
Shear Diag:
V = Ay = 0.9w0a from A to C and V = B = 0.6w0a from B to D.

Then from D to C, w = w0
x1 . If x1 is measured right to left, 3a dV x w dM = + w and = V . So, from D, V = 0.6w0a + 0 1 0 x1dx1, dx1 dx1 3a
2 1 x1 V = w0a 0.6 + 6 a
x Note: V = 0 at 1 = 3.6, x1 = a
Moment Diag:
3.6 a
dM M = 0 at A, increasing linearly = 0.9w0a to M C = 0.9w0a 2. dx1

dM Similarly M = 0 at B increasing linearly = 0.6w0a to dx
M D = 0.6w0a 2. Between C and D

M = 0.6w0a + w0a
2
x1 0
2 x1 0.6 1 dx1, 6 a
3 x 1 x M = w0a 2 0.6 + 0.6 1 1 a 18 a
(b)
At
x1 = a
3.6, M = M max = 1.359w0a 2

x1 = 1.897a left of D
M A = 0: LBy
V = w0 L + 20
L1 w0 L = 0 54
By =
w0 L 20
x1
0
w0 3 w 4 x dx1 = 0 3 5x1 L4 3 1 20L L or V =
w0 4 5 ( L x ) L4 W 3 20 L
Note: V = 0 at x1 = 51/ 4 L = 0.6687 L or M =0+ = x = 0.3313 L
x1
0
w0 4 5x1 L4 dx1 20L3
w0 5 x1 L4 x1 20L3 or
)
w0 5 L x ) L4 ( L x ) W ( 3 20L x = 0.331 L W
M =
M max = M at x1 = 0.6687 L,
M max = 0.0267 w0 L2 W
(a)
FBD section AC:
M C = 0: ( 395 215 ) N m + ( 0.1 m )(1000 N/m )( 0.2 m ) ( 0.2 m )VA = 0, VA = 1000 N
M B = 0: 395 N m + ( 0.45 m )(1 kN/m )( 0.4 m ) ( 0.65 m )(1 kN ) + ( 0.25 m ) P = 0

FBD whole:
P = 0.3 kN, Fy = 0: 1000 N 400 N 300 N Q = 0
P = 300 N W
(b)
Q = 300 N W
Shear Diag:
Starting at 1000 N, V decreases with slope 1000 N/m to 600 N at D, drops 300 N and is constant to B where it drops 300 N to zero.
Moment Diag:
Starting at 395 N m, M increases with decreasing slope to 395 N m 1000 + 600 N ( 0.4 m ) = 75 N m at D, then increases with slope 300 N + 2 to zero at B.
(a)
FBD section AC:
M C = 0:
( 395 215) N m ( 0.2 m ) Ay

+ ( 0.1 m )(1000 N/m )( 0.2 m ) = 0
A y = 1000 N
M B = 0: 395 N m + ( 0.325 m )(1000 N/m )( 0.65 m ) (b)

FBD Whole:
+ ( 0.25 m ) P = 0 ( 0.65 m )(1000 N ) = 0

P = 175.0 N W
Fy = 0: 1000 N 175 N Q (1000 N/m )( 0.65 m ) = 0

Q = 175.0 N W Shear Diag:
V starts at 1000 N, and has slope 1000 N/m throughout, but with drops of 175 N at D and B.
Moment Diag:
M starts at 395 N m and increases with decreasing slope to 295 N m 1000 + 600 + N ( 0.4 m ) = 75 N m at D. There is a discontinuity in slope, 2 425 + 175 N ( 0.25 m ) to zero at B. and M increases by 2
(a) FBD AC:
M C = 0: 2.7 kN m ( 0.2 m ) Ay = 0, M D = 0:
A y = 1.35 kN D y = 1.25 kN
( 0.2 m ) Dy
2.5 kN m = 0,
M C = 0: ( 2 m )(1.35 kN ) ( 2 m )( 0.4 kN/m )( 4 m ) ( 4 m ) Q + ( 6 m )(1.25 kN ) = 0, Q = 0.4 kN

Q = 400 N W
FBD AB:
Fy = 0:
1.35 kN P ( 0.4 kN/m )( 4 m ) 0.4 kN + 1.25 kN = 0 P = 0.6 kN
(b)
P = 600 N W Shear Diag:
FBD Whole:
V is constant at 1.35 kN from A to C, drops 0.6 kN, then decreases with slope 0.4 kN/m ( 1.6 kN ) to 0.85 kN at D, drops 0.4 kN to 1.25 kN, and is constant to B. V = 0 where 0.75 kN (0.4 kN/m)x = 0, x = 1.875 m.
Moment Diag:
From zero at A, M increases with slope 1.35 kN to 2.70 kN m at C, the slope drops to 0.75 kN and then decreases to zero at E, where 1 M = 2.7 kN m + ( 0.75 kN )(1.875 m ) = 3.403 kN m. This curve 2 1 continues to D where M = 3.403 kN m ( 0.85 kN )( 2.125 m ) 2 = 2.50 kN m, then M decreases with slope 1.25 kN to zero at B.
(a)
FBD AC:
M C = 0: 2.7 kN m (1.35 m ) Ay = 0, M D = 0: 2.5 kN m ( 2 m ) By = 0,
A y = 2 kN B y = 1.25 kN
M C = 0: ( 6.65 m )(1.25 kN ) ( 4.65 m ) Q ( 2.325 m )( 0.4 kN/m )( 4.65 m ) (1.35 m )( 2 kN ) = 0

FBD DB:
Q = 0.27699 kN
Q = 277 N
W
Fy = 0: 2 kN P 0.277 kN ( 0.4 kN/m )( 4.65 m ) + 1.25 kN = 0

P = 1.113 kN
W
(b)
FBD Whole:
Shear Diag:
V is constant at 2 kN from A to C, drops 1.113 kN to 0.887 kN, then decreases with slope 0.4 kN/m to 0.887 kN ( 0.4 kN/m ) ( 4.65 m ) = 0.973 kN, drops 0.277 kN to 1.25 kN and is constant to B. V = 0 where 0.887 kN ( 0.4 kN/m ) x = 2.2175 m at E .
Moment Diag:
Starting from zero, M increases with slope 2 kN to 2.7 kN m at C. The slope drops to 0.887 kN and decreases to zero at E where M = 2.7 kN 1 + ( 0.887 kN )( 2.2175 m ) = 3.68 kN m. This curve continues to D 2 where M = 2.5 kN m, then M decreases linearly to zero at B.
FBD Cable:
M A = 0:
( 5 m ) Dy ( 4 m )( 2.25 kN ) ( 2 m )( 3 kN ) = 0
D y = 3 kN
Fy = 0:
Ay 3 kN 2.25 kN + 3 kN = 0
A y = 2.25 kN
Point D:
Fx = 0: Ax + Dx = 0,
Ax = Dx
(1)
Since Ax = Dx and Dy > Ay , TCD is Tmax Fy = 0: 3 kN Fx = 0:

Point A:
3 TCD = 0 5
TCD = 5 kN
D x = 4 kN
4 ( 5 kN ) + Dy = 0 5 From(1),
A x = 4 kN (a ) d B = 1.125 m W
W
dB 2.25 kN = 2m 4 kN
(b) A x = 4.00 kN
A y = 2.25 kN W (c) Tmax = 5.00 kN W
FBD Cable:
M A = 0:
( 5 m ) Dy ( 4 m )( 2.25 kN ) ( 2 m )( 3 kN ) = 0
D y = 3 kN Ay 3 kN 2.25 kN + 3 kN = 0 A y = 2.25 kN
Fy = 0:
Fx = 0: Ax + Dx = 0
Ax = Dx Tmax is TCD = 3.6 kN
Point D:
Since Ax = Dx , and Dy > Ay ,
2 1 + dC dC 1m = = 3 kN Dx 3.6 kN 2 1.2 dC = 1 + dC , 2 2 1.44 dC = 1 + dC
Point A:
dC = 1.50756 m
1 m Also Dx = 3 kN = 1.98997 kN = Ax dC
dB 2m = 2.25 kN 1.9900 kN
(a) d B = 2.26 m W (b) dC = 1.508 m W
M A = 0:
4aE y 3a (1.2 kips ) 2a ( 0.8 kips ) a ( 0.4 kips ) = 0
FBD Cable:
Fy = 0:
E y = 1.4 kips
AY ( 0.4 + 0.8 + 1.2 kips ) + 1.4 kips = 0
A y = 1.0 kips
Fx = 0: Ax + Ex = 0, Ax = Ex Tmax = TDE
Since Ax = Ex and E y > Ay ,
FBD CDE:
M C = 0:
( 30 ft )(1.4 kips ) (12 ft ) Ex (15 ft )(1.2 kips ) = 0

(a)
E x = 2.00 kips W E y = 1.400 kips W
(b)
Tmax = TDE = 2.44 kips W
FBD Cable:
M A = 0:
4aE y 3a (1.2 kips ) 2a ( 0.8 kips ) a ( 0.4 kips ) = 0

E y = 1.4 kips
Fy = 0:
Ay ( 0.4 + 0.8 + 1.2 kips ) + 1.4 kips = 0

A y = 1.0 kips
Fx = 0:
Point E:
Ax + Ex = 0,
Ax = Ex
Tmax = TDE
Since Ax = Ex , and E y > Ay ,

Ex =
( 5 kips )2 + (1.4 kips )2
= 4.8 kips
FBD CDE:
M C = 0:
( 30 ft )(1.4 kips ) dC ( 4.8 kips ) (15 ft )(1.2 kips ) = 0

dC = 5.00 ft
(a) FBD Whole:
M A = 0:
(1.2 m ) Ex + ( 4 m ) E y (1 m )(1.8 kN )
( 2 m )( 3.6 kN ) ( 3 m )(1.2 m ) = 0 1.2Ex + 4E y = 12.6 kN (1)
FBD CDE:
M C = 0:
( 2 m ) E y ( 0.6 m ) Ex (1 m )(1.2 kN ) = 0
0.6Ex + 2E y = 1.2 kN (2)
E x = 4.25 kN E y = 1.875 kN
Solving (1) and (2)
(a)
E = 4.65 kN
23.8
(b) From FBD whole:
AB:
Fx = 0 Fy = 0
Ax + 4.25 kN = 0
A x = 4.25 kN
Ay 1.8 kN 3.6 kN 1.2 kN + 1.875 kN = 0

A y = 4.725 kN
M B = 0:
d B ( 4.25 kN ) (1 m )( 4.725 kN ) = 0 d B = 1.112 m
DE:
M D = 0:
(1 m )(1.875 kN ) ( d D 1.2 m )( 4.25 kN ) = 0

d D = 1.641 m
FBD DE:
Fy = 0: M D = 0:
E y 1.2 kN = 0
E y = 1.2 kN
(1 m )(1.2 kN ) ( dC
1.2 m ) Ex = 0
(1)
FBD Whole:
M A = 0:
(1.2 m ) Ex + ( 4 m )(1.2 kN ) ( 3 m )(1.2 kN )

( 2 m )( 3.6 kN ) (1 m )(1.8 kN ) = 0
E x = 6.5 kN
(a) then, from (1) Fx = 0: Fy = 0: Ax + 6.5 kN = 0
dC = 1.385 m
A x = 6.5 kN
Ay 1.8 kN 3.6 kN 1.2 kN + 1.2 kN = 0
A y = 5.4 kN
So (b)
A = 8.45 kN E = 6.61 kN
39.7
10.46
FBD Cable:
Hanger forces at A and F act on the supports, so A y and Fy act on the cable. M F = 0:
( 6 ft + 12 ft + 18 ft + 24 ft )( 400 lb )
( 30 ft ) Ay ( 5 ft ) Ax = 0
Ax + 6 Ay = 4800 lb (1)
FBD ABC:
M C = 0:
( 7 ft ) Ax (12 ft ) Ay + ( 6 ft )( 400 lb ) = 0
(2)
Solving (1) and (2) A x = 800 lb

Ay = From FBD Cable: 2000 lb 3 800 lb + Fx = 0 Fx = 800 lb Fy = 0: 2000 lb 4 ( 400 lb ) + Fy = 0 3 Fy = 2800 lb 3
Fx = 0:
FBD DEF:
Since Ax = Fx and Fy > Ay ,

(a) Tmax = 1229.27 lb,
Tmax = TEF =
(800 lb )
2800 lb + 3
Tmax = 1.229 kips
M D = 0: (b)
(12 ft )
2800 lb d D ( 800 lb ) ( 6 ft )( 400 lb ) = 0 3 d D = 11.00 ft
FBD CDEF:
M C = 0:
(18 ft ) Fy ( 9 ft ) Fy ( 6 ft + 12 ft )( 400 lb ) = 0
Fx 2Fy = 800 lb
(1)
FBD Cable:
M A = 0:
( 30 ft ) Fy ( 5 ft ) Fx ( 6 ft )(1 + 2 + 3 + 4 )( 400 lb ) = 0
Fx 6Fy = 4800 lb
(2)
Solving (1) and (2), Fx = 1200 lb
, Fy = 1000 lb
Fx = 0:
Point F:
Fy = 0:
Ax + 1200 lb = 0 ,
A x = 1200 lb
Ay + 1000 lb 4 ( 400 lb ) = 0 ,
A y = 600 lb
Since Ax = Ay and Fy > Ay , Tmax = TEF
Tmax =
FBD DEF: (a)
(1 kip )2 + (1.2 kips )2

Tmax = 1.562 kips
M D = 0:
(b)
(12 ft )(1000 lb ) d D (1200 lb ) ( 6 ft )( 400 lb ) = 0

d D = 8.00 ft
M A = 0:
FBD BC:
( 9 ft ) P ( 6 ft )( 30 lb ) a ( 20 lb ) = 0
20a P = 20 + lb with a in ft. 9
(1)
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
But
TAB x + P = 0
TAB x = P
TAB y 20 lb 30 lb = 0
TAB x a = TAB y 7 so
TAB y = 50 lb
P= 50a 7
(2)
Solving (1) and (2),
a = 4.0645 ft,
P = 29.032 lb
(a) P = 29.0 lb (b) a = 4.06 ft
FBD C:
M B = 0:
( 2 ft )( 25 lb ) ( 6 ft a )( 30 lb ) = 0
a= 13 ft 3
a = 4.33 ft
FBD BC:
M A = 0:
( b + 2 ft )( 25 lb ) ( 6 ft )( 30 lb )
13 ft ( 20 lb ) = 0 3
b=
32 ft 3 b = 10.67 ft
FBD B:
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
12 3 TAB + TBC + 1.32 kN = 0 13 5
5 4 TAB TBC = 0 13 5
Solving: TAB = 2.08 kN, TBC = 1 kN By inspection of A, (a)

FBD C: A = 2.08 kN
22.6
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
12 3 TCD (1 kN ) = 0 , 13 5
TCD = 0.65 kN
4 5 (1 kN ) + ( 0.65 kN ) w = 0 5 13 w = 1.05 kN
(b) m = (c)
w 1050 N = = 107.03 kg g 9.81 m/s 2 From above
m = 107.0 kg TAB = 2.08 kN TBC = 1.000 kN TCD = 650 N
FBD C:
W = mg = (150 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 1471.5 N = 1.4715 kN Fx = 0: Fy = 0: 12 3 TCD TBC = 0 13 5 5 4 TCD + TBC 1.4715 kN = 0 13 5
Solving: TCD = 0.91093 kN = 911 N, TBC = 1.40143 kN

FBD B:
By inspection of D, Fx = 0: Fy = 0: P
(a)
D = 911 N
22.6
12 3 TAB + (1.40143 kN ) = 0 13 5 TAB = 2.91497 kN

P = 1.850 kN
5 4 TAB (1.40143 kN ) = 0, 13 5 (b) From above (c)
TAB = 2.91 kN TBC = 1.401 kN TCD = 911 N
FBD E:
Ey Ex T = = DE 1 1 2
Ex = E y
(1)
FBD CDE:
M C = 0:
( 6.5 m ) E y ( 4.2 m ) Ex ( 3.5 m ) wD

2.3Ex = 3.5wD ,
=0
Ex = E y =
35 wD 23
M B = 0:
(8.1 m 3 m )
35 wD ( 5.1 m ) wD (1.6 m ) wC = 0 23
mC = 1.66304 mD
(a)
wC = 1.66304wD ,
FBD B:
mC = 56.5 kg
Fx = 0: Fx = 0:
4 TBC + Ex = 0, 5
TBC =
5 Ex 4
45 1 24 TAB TBF = 0 Ex 54 25 2
Fy = 0:
1 7 3 5 TAB TBF Ex = 0 25 5 4 2
Ex 31 = TBF , 4 25 TBF = 25 Ex 124
Solving:
TBF =
25 35 wD = 0.30680wD 124 23
(b)
wD = ( 34 kg )( 9.81 N/kg )
TBF = 102.3 N
FBD E:
Ey Ex = 1 1
Ex = E y
M C = 0:
( 6.5 m ) E y ( 4.2 m ) Ex ( 3.5 m ) wD

2.3Ex = 3.5wD , Ex = E y =
=0
FBD CDE:
35 wD 23
M B = 0:
(8.1 m 3 m )
35 wD ( 5.1 m ) wD (1.6 m ) wC = 0 23 mD = 0.60131 mC = 33.072 kg (a) mD = 33.1 kg
wD = 0.60131 wC ,
4 Fx = 0: TBC = Ex , 5
Point B:
TBC =
5 Ex 4
Fx = 0: Fy = 0: Solving:
45 1 24 TAB TBF = 0 Ex 54 25 2 1 7 3 5 TAB TBF + Ex = 0 25 5 4 2
31 1 TBF = Ex , 25 4 TBF =
TBF =
25 Ex 124
25 35 25 35 ( 33.072 kg ) 9.81 m/s2 wD = 124 23 124 23 (b)
TBF = 99.5 N
(a) FBD half wire:
Since h = 1.5 m L = 30 m we can approximate the load as evenly distributed horizontally, and the length S = L. kg N W = 0.6 ( 30 m ) = 176.58 N 9.81 m kg M B = 0:
(15 m )(176.58 N ) (1.5 m ) TC
=0
TC = 1765.8 N
2 Tmax = TB = TC + W2
Tmax =
(1765.8 N )2 + (176.58 N )2 ,
Tmax = 177.5 kN
(b)
2 4 2 yB 2 yB S B = xB 1 + + ... 3 xB 5 xB 2 4 2 1.5 2 1.5 = ( 30 m ) 1 + + ... = 30.05 m 3 30 5 30
S tot = 60.1 m
Note: the third term in the brackets is unnecessary
Half-cable FBDs:
T1x = T2 x to create zero horizontal force on tower thus T01 = T02

FBD I:
M B = 0:
h1
FBD II:
( 450 m ) w =
2
(15 m ) w ( 30 m ) h1T0
T0
=0
M B = 0:
w ( 20 m ) ( 2 m ) T0 (10 m )
=0
T0 = (100 m ) w
(a) FBD I:
h1
( 450 m ) w = 4.50 m =
2
(100 m ) w
Fx = 0:
T1x T0 = 0
T1x = (100 m ) w
Fy = 0: T1y ( 30 m ) w = 0
T1y = ( 30 m ) w
T1 =
(100 m )2 + ( 30 m )2 w
= (104.4 m )( 0.4 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 409.7 N
FBD II:
Fy = 0:
T2y ( 20 m ) w = 0 T2y = ( 20 m ) w
T2 x = T1x = (100 m ) w
T2 =
(100 m )2 + ( 20 m )2 w = 400.17 N
(b)
T1 = 410 N T2 = 400 N
*Since h L it is reasonable to approximate the cable weight as being distributed uniformly along the horizontal. The methods of section 7.10 are more accurate for cables sagging under their own weight.
FBD half-span:
(a)
M B = 0:
2075 ft ( 23032.5 kips ) ( 464 ft ) T0 = 0 2 T0 = 47, 246 kips
Tmax = T02 + W 2 = (b)
( 47, 246 kips )2 + ( 23, 033 kips )2

4 y + " x
= 56, 400 kips
2 2 y 2 s = x 1 + 3 x 5
2 4 2 464 ft 2 464 ft sB = ( 2075 ft ) 1 + + " 3 2075 ft 5 2075 ft
sB = 2142 ft
l = 2sB
l = 4284 ft
FBD half-span:
W = ( 9.75 kips/ft )(1750 ft ) = 17, 062.5 kips M B = 0: ( 875 ft )(17, 065 kips ) ( 316 ft ) T0 = 0 T0 = 47, 246 kips Tmax = T02 + W 2 =
( 47, 246 kips )2 + (17, 063 kips )2

(a) Tmax = 50, 200 kips
2 4 2 y 2 y s = x 1 + + " 3 x 5 x
2 4 2 316 ft 2 316 ft sB = (1750 ft ) 1 + + " 3 1750 ft 5 1750 ft
= 1787.3 ft
(b)
*
l = 2sB = 3575 ft
To get 3-digit accuracy, only two terms are needed.
FBD pipe:
neglecting friction M B = 0: r (Tmax WB ) = 0, Tmax = WB = 60 lb
FBD half-cord:
Assuming the weight to be evenly distributed horizontally, and S=L
W = ( 0.02 lb/ft )( 75 ft ) = 1.5 lb T0 =
( 60 lb )2 (1.5 lb )2
= 59.981 lb
M B = ( 37.5 ft )(1.5 lb ) h ( 59.981 lb ) = 0 (a) h = 0.93780 ft, h = 11.25 in.
(b)
B = sin 1
1.5 lb = 1.43254, 60 lb
B = 1.433
(a) FBD ship:
Fx = 0:
FBD half-span:*
T0 300 N = 0,
T0 = 300 N
Tmax = T02 + W 2 =
(b)
( 300 N )2
= ( 54 N ) = 305 N
M A = 0: hTx
L W = 0, 4
h=
LW 4Tx
2 2 4 s = x 1 + + L 3 x
but
yA = h =
LW 4Tx
so
yA W = xA 2Tx
( 2.5 m ) =
L 2
2 2 53.955 N 1 + L L = 4.9732 m 3 600 N
So h = *See note Prob. 7.103
LW = 0.2236 m 4Tx
h = 224 mm
2 2 y 2 s = x 1 + x 3 5
4 y + L x
Knowing Winter:
l = 2sTOT
2 2 2 h 2 h = L 1 + + L 3 L/2 5 L/2
2 4 2 386 ft 2 386 ft L lw = ( 4260 ft ) 1 + + = 4351.43 ft 3 2130 ft 5 2130 ft
Summer:
2 4 2 394 ft 2 394 ft ls = ( 4260 ft ) 1 + + L = 4355.18 ft 3 2130 ft 5 2130 ft
l = ls lw = 3.75 ft
FBD whole:
M D = 0:
( 2m ) TAx ( 5 m )( 98.1 + 147.15) N = 0

TAx = 1103.6 N
FBD half-cable:
Fx = 0: Fy = 0: M A = 0:
T0 TAx = 0,
T0 = 1103.6 N TAy = 49.05 N
TAy = 49.05 N = 0,
h (1103.6 N ) ( 2.5 m )( 49.05 N ) = 0 h = 0.11111 m
(a) (b)
h = 111.1 mm
= tan 1
TAy TAx
= tan 1
49.05 = 2.5449, 1103.6
= 2.54
FBD AB:
M A = 0:
(1100 ft ) TBy ( 496 ft ) TBx ( 550 ft )W

11TBy 4.96TBx = 5.5W
=0 (1)
FBD CB:
M C = 0:
( 550 ft ) TBy ( 278 ft ) TBx ( 275 ft )

11TBy 5.56TBx = 2.75W
W =0 2 (2)
Solving (1) and (2) Solving (1) and (2)
TBy = 28,798 kips TBx = 51, 425 kips

tan B = TB y TBx
2 2 + TB , Tmax = TB = TB x y
So that
(a) (b)
Tmax = 58,900 kips
B = 29.2
Cable profile:
Eqn:
y=
w 2 x 2T0
xB x A = 45 in. at A: at B: 4 in. = 1 in. = w ( xB 45 in.)2 2T0 w 2 xB 2T0 =4 (1) (2)
or
( xB 45 in.)2
2 xB
2 xB + 30 xB 675 = 0
xB = ( 15 30 ) in. x A = xB 45 in. (a) From (2),

T0 =
xB = 15 in. x A = 30 in.
lowest point (x = 0) is 30 in. from A

2 wxB 1 0.18 lb 2 = (15 in.) 2 2 12 in.
T0 = 1.6875 lb Tmax occurs at A where slope is maximum

Tmax = T02 + ( wx A ) =
2
(1.6875 lb )2 +
0.18 lb 2 ( 30 in.) = 1.74647 lb 12 in. Tmax = 1.747 lb
(b)
M A = 0:
y AT0
a wa = 0 2
M B = 0: yBT0 +
yA = wa 2 2T0
b wb = 0 2
yB = wb 2 2T0
d = ( yB yB ) =
But
2
w 2 b a2 2T0
)
2
2 2 T0 = TB ( wb ) = Tmax ( wb )
2 2 Tmax ( wb ) ( 2d )2
= w2 b 2 a 2
= L2 w2 4b 2 4 Lb + L2
=0
)
)
or Using
2 4 2 Tmax 4 L2 + d 2 b 2 4 L3b + L 4 d w2
L = 6 m,
yields
d = 0.9 m,
Tmax = 8 kN,
w = ( 85 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s2 = 833.85 N/m
b = ( 2.934 1.353) m,
b = 4.287 m
(a)
2
( since b > 3 m )
a = 6 m b = 1.713 m
2 T0 = Tmax ( wb ) = 7156.9 N
yA wa = = 0.09979, 2T0 xA
yB wb = = 0.24974 2T0 xB
2 2 2 yA 2 yB l = s A + sB = a 1 + + L + b 1 + + L 3 xA 3 xB
2 2 2 2 = (1.713 m ) 1 + ( 0.09979 ) + ( 4.287 m ) 1 + ( 0.24974 ) = 6.19 m 3 3

(b) l = 6.19 m
M P = 0:
x wx yT0 = 0 2 so y wx = x 2T0 w 2 b a2 2T0
Geometry:
y =
wx 2 2T0
and d = yB y A = Also
FBD Segment:
2 2 2 yA 2 yB l = s A + sB a 1 + + b 1 + 3 a 3 b
lL
2 2 2 y A w2 3 y a + b3 + B = 2 3 a b 6 T 0
)
) )
1 4d 2 = 6 b2 a 2
(a
+b
2 3 3 2d a +b = 3 b2 a 2 2
Using l = 6.4 m, L = 6 m, d = 0.9 m, b = 6 m a, and solving for a, knowing that a < 3 ft
a = 2.2196 m
Then And with T0 =
(a) w 2 b a2 2d
a = 2.22 m
w = ( 85 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 833.85 N/m b = 6 m a = 3.7804 m

Tmax = TB = T02 + ( wb ) =
2
And T0 = 4338 N
( 4338 N )2 + (833.85 N/m )2 ( 3.7804 m )2

(b) Tmax = 5.36 kN
Tmax = 5362 N
FBD Cable:
M B = 0: LACy + aT0 M B loads = 0

(Where M B loads includes all applied loads)
(1)
x M C = 0: xACy h a T0 M C left = 0 L
(2)
FBD AC:
(Where M C left includes all loads left of C)
x (1) ( 2 ): L
hT0
x M B loads + M C left = 0 L
(3)
M B = 0: LABy M B loads = 0
(4)
FBD Beam:
M C = 0: xABy M C left M C = 0
(5) (6)
FBD AC:
x ( 4 ) ( 5): L
Comparing (3) and (6)
x M B loads + M C left + M C = 0 L
M C = hT0
Q.E.D.
FBD Beam:
M D = 0:
(1 m )( 2.25 kN ) + ( 3 m )( 3 kN ) ( 5 m ) ABy = 0
A By = 2.25 kN
Fy = 0: 2.25 kN 3 kN 2.25 kN + DBy = 0

D By = 3 kN FBD AB:
M B = 0:
M B ( 2 m )( 2.25 kN ) = 0,
M B = 4.5 kN m
Note, since A and D are in line horizontally, ACy = A By and DCy = D By . Also, since Dy > Ay , Tmax = TCD = 3.6 kN
2 2 T0 = TCD DCy =
( 3.6 kN )2 ( 3 kN )2
Cable:
T0 = 3.96 kN
dB =
M B 4.5 kN m = = 2.2613 m T0 3.96 kN d B = 2.26 m
FBD Beam:
M E = 0:
(1 m )(1.2 kN ) + ( 2 m )( 3.6 kN ) + ( 3 m )(1.8 kN )

( 4 m ) ABy = 0
A By = 3.45 kN
Fx = 0: ABx = 0
FBD AB:
M B = 0: M B (1 m )( 3.45 kN ) = 0,
FBD AC:
M B = 3.45 kN m
M C = 0: M C + (1 m )(1.8 kN ) ( 2 m )( 3.45 kN ) = 0 M C = 5.1 kN m M D = 0: M D + (1 m )( 3.6 kN ) + ( 2 m )(1.8 kN ) ( 3 m )( 3.45 kN ) = 0

FBD AD:
M D = 3.15 kN m hC = dC 0.6 m = 1.8 m 0.6 m = 1.2 m T0 = hB = M C 5.1 kN m = = 4.25 kN hC 1.2 m M B 3.45 kN m = = 0.81176 m T0 4.25 kN d B = hB + 0.3 m = 1.11176 m, hD = M D 3.15 kN m = = 0.74118 m T0 4.25 kN d D = hD + 0.9 m = 1.64118 m, d D = 1.641 m d B = 1.112 m
Cable:
FBD Beam:
Fx = 0:
ABx = 0
By symmetry A By = FBy = 800 lb
FBD AC:
M C = 0: M C + ( 6 ft )( 400 lb ) (12 ft )( 800 lb ) = 0 M C = 7200 lb ft By symmetry, M D = M C = 7200 lb ft

Cable:
hC = hD
hC = dC 3 ft = 12 ft 3 ft = 9 ft d D = hD + 2 ft = 9 ft + 2 ft = 11 ft d D = 11.00 ft
FBD Beam:
Fx = 0:
ABx = 0
By symmetry A By = FBy = 800 lb
FBD AC:
M C = 0:
M C + ( 6 ft )( 400 lb ) (12 ft )( 800 lb ) = 0 M C = 7200 lb ft
By symmetry, M D = M C = 7200 lb ft hC = hD
Cable:
hC = dC 3 ft = 9 ft 3 ft = 6 ft d D = hD + 2 ft = 6 ft + 2 ft = 8 ft d D = 8.00 ft
FBD Elemental segment:

So
Fy = 0:
Ty ( x + x ) Ty ( x ) w ( x ) x = 0
Ty ( x + x ) T0 Ty ( x ) T0 = w( x) x T0
But
Ty T0
dy dx
x + x
dy dx
w( x) T0
Q.E.D.
So
dy dx
In
x 0
lim :
w( x) d2y = 2 T0 dx
w ( x ) = w0 cos
From Problem 7.119
x
L
w ( x ) w0 x d2y = = cos 2 T0 T0 L dx
So
dy W0 L x = sin dx T0 L y = w L2 L y = h = 0 2 1 cos 2 T0 2 T0 = Tmin

Tmax = TA = TB : TBy T0 =
dy using dx
= 0
w0 L2 x 1 cos using y ( 0 ) = 0 2 L T0
so
But
T0 = w0 L2 2h
w0 L2 2h
And
so
dy dx =
x= L 2
Tmin =
w0 L T0
TBy =
w0 L
2 TB = TBy + T02 =
w0 L
L 1+ h
Elemental Segment:
Load on segment*
w ( x ) dx =
But
dx = cos ds,
so
w0 ds cos 2 w0 w( x) = cos3
From Problem 7.119
d2y w( x) w0 = = 2 T0 dx T0 cos3
d2y d dy d d = ( tan ) = sec2 = 2 dx dx dx dx dx
In general So
or
d w0 w0 = = 3 2 dx T0 cos T0 cos sec

T0 cos d = dx = rd cos w0 T0 = constant. So curve is circular arc w0 Q.E.D.
Giving r =
*For large sag, it is not appropriate to approximate ds by dx.
FBD half-span:
w = ( 0.07 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 0.6867 N/m L = 10 m SCB = 12 m =6m 2 xB , c 6 m = c sinh 5m c
SCB = c sinh
Solving numerically, c = 4.6954 m yB = c cosh 5m xB = ( 4.6954 m ) cosh = 7.6188 m c 4.6954 m
hB = yB c = 7.6188 m 4.6954 m = 2.9234 m (a) hB = 2.92 m TB = wyB = ( 0.6867 N/m )( 7.6188 m ) = 5.2318 N (b)
TB = 5.23 N
sB = 30 ft,
w=
120 lb = 2 lb/ft 60 ft xB =
2
hB = 24 ft,
L 2
2 2 = c 2 + sB = ( hB + c ) yB
2 = hB + 2chB + c 2
c=
2 2 ( 30 ft ) ( 24 ft ) sB hB = 2hB 2 ( 24 ft ) 2
c = 6.75 ft Then sB = c sinh xB s xB = c sinh 1 B c c
30 ft xB = ( 6.75 ft ) sinh 1 = 14.83 ft 6.75 ft (a) L = 2 xB = 29.7 ft
Tmax = TB = wyB = w ( c + hB ) = ( 2 lb/ft )( 6.75 ft + 24 ft ) = 61.5 lb (b) Tmax = 61.5 lb
FBD half-span:
S B = 250 ft w = 2.8 lb/ft hB = 125 ft yB = hB + c = 125 ft + c

2 2 yB sB = c2
(125 ft c )2 ( 250 ft )2 = c 2
c = 187.5 ft xB c
sB = c sinh
xB , c
250 ft = (187.5 ft ) sinh xc = 205.99 ft
xB 4 = sinh 1 = 1.0986, c 3 (a) (b) span L = 2 xB = 411.98 ft
L = 412 ft
Tmax = wyB = ( 2.8 lb/ft )(125 ft + 187.5 ft ) = 875 lb Tmax = 875 lb
FBD half-span:
sB = 65 m,
hB = 30 m
w = ( 3.4 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 33.35 N/m

2 2 yB = c 2 + sB
( c + hB )2
c=
2 = c 2 + sB
2 2
2 2 ( 65 m ) ( 30 m ) sB hB = 2hB 2 ( 30 m )
= 55.417 m
Now
sB = c sinh
xB s 65 m xB = c sinh 1 B = ( 55.417 m ) sinh 1 c c 55.417 m

= 55.335 m
L = 2 xB = 2 ( 55.335 m ) = 110.7 m Tmax = wyB = w ( c + hB ) = ( 33.35 N/m )( 55.417 m + 30 m ) = 2846 N

Tmax = 2.85 kN
FBD Cable:
s = 30 m
30 m = 15 m so sB = 2
w = ( 0.3 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 2.943 N/m hB = 12 m

2 yB = ( c + hB ) = c 2 + s 2 B 2
So
c=
2 2 sB hB 2hB
c= Now sB = c sinh
(15 m )2 (12 m )2 2 (12 m )
= 3.375 m
xB s 15 m xB = c sinh 1 B = ( 3.375 m ) sinh 1 c c 3.375 m xB = 7.4156 m
P = T0 = wc = ( 2.943 N/m )( 3.375 m ) L = 2 xB = 2 ( 7.4156 m )
(a) (b)
P = 9.93 N
L = 14.83 m
FBD Cable:
sT = 30 m,
w = ( 0.3 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 2.943 N/m P = T0 = wc, c= c= P w
30 N = 10.1937 m 2.943 N/m

2
2 2 yB = ( hB + c ) = c 2 + sB 2 h 2 + 2ch sB = 0,
sB =
30 m = 15 m 2
h 2 + 2 (10.1937 m ) h 225 m 2 = 0 h = 7.9422 m sB = c sinh (a) h = 7.94 m
xA s 15 m xB = c sinh 1 B = (10.1937 m ) sinh 1 c c 10.1937 m
= 12.017 m
L = 2 xB = 2 (12.017 m ) (b) L = 24.0 m
FBD half-span:
xD =
3.6 w = 1.8 m 2
kg m w = 3.72 9.81 2 = 36.4932 N/m m s sD = length 3.8 m = = 1.9 m 2 2 xD c 1.9 m = c sinh 1.8 m c
2
sD = c sinh
Solving numerically, c = 3.1433 m

2 2 yD sD = c2 2 yD = (1.9 m ) + ( 3.1433 m ) 2
yD = 3.6729 h = yD c = 3.6729 m 3.1433 m = 0.5296 m h = 0.530 m (a) N TDx = wc = 36.4932 ( 3.1433 m ) = 114.71 N m (b) TDx = 114.7 N h = 530 mm
FBD half-span:
sB = xB =
90 m = 45 m 2 L 60 m = = 30 m 2 2 xB , c 30 m c
TB = Tmax = 300 N sB = c sinh 45 m = c sinh c = 18.495 m
Solving numerically, yB = c cosh
30 m xB = (18.495 m ) cosh c 18.495 m
= 48.651 m hB = yB c = 48.651 m 18.495 m = 30.156 m (a) Tmax = wyB 300 N = w ( 48.651 m ) w = 6.1664 N m h = 30.2 m
N W = w ( length ) = 6.1664 ( 90 m ) = 554.97 N m m= W 554.97 N = = 56.57 kg g 9.81 m/s 2 (b) m = 56.6 kg
sB =
45 ft = 22.5 ft 2 xB = L = 10 ft 2 xB c
L = 20 ft
sB = c sinh
22.5 ft = c sinh
10 ft c
c = 4.2023 ft
Solving numerically:
yB = c cosh
xB c 10 ft = 22.889 ft 4.2023 ft
hB = 18.69 ft
= ( 4.2023 ft ) cosh
hB = yB c = 22.889 ft 4.202 ft
l = total length yB = c cosh or xB , c L + c = c cosh 1 = cosh L L 2c c L = 4.933 c L/2 c
Solving numerically, sB = c sinh So xB c
l L = c sinh 2 2c
l = 10 ft = 0.8550 ft 4.933 2sinh 2
c=
L 2sinh 2c
L = 4.933 c = ( 4.933)( 0.8550 ft ) = 4.218 ft (a) from y = c cosh x c

dy dx
B
L = 4.22 ft
dy x = sinh dx c
= sinh L 4.933 = sinh = 5.848 2c 2
tan B =
(b)
B = 80.3
w = ( 3 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 29.43 N/m

L = 48 m, Tmax 1800 N
Tmax = wyB yB =
Tmax w
yB
1800 N = 61.162 m 29.43 N/m
x yB = c cosh B , c
Solving numerically,
48 m 61.162 m = c cosh 2 * c
c = 55.935 m
h = yB c = 61.162 m 55.935 m
h = 5.23 m
*Note: There is another value of c which will satisfy this equation. It is much smaller, thus corresponding to a much larger h.

Pulley B:
TB = wa but TB = wyB , now So also yB = c cosh a = c cosh
so
yB = a
xB =a c 3 ft c xB c (1)
sB = c sinh
24 ft a 3 ft = c sinh 2 c or 12 ft = c sinh = c sinh Solving numerically 3 ft a + c 2 3 ft c 3 ft + cosh c 2 c (2)
c = 1.13194 ft or 17.7167 ft 3 ft 3 ft = (1.13194 ft ) cosh c 1.13194 ft a = 8.05 ft
from (1)
a = c cosh
or
3 ft a = (17.7167 ft ) cosh 17.7167 ft a = 17.97 ft
FBD Cable:
s A = length = 10 ft Fx = 0: F + T0 = 0, F = T0 xA a h = c cos h = c cosh c c c
y A = c + h = c cosh So 1+ h h = cosh c c
Solving numerically, s A = c sinh
h = 1.61614 c
h = c sinh (1.61614 ) = 2.41748c = 10 ft c h = 6.6852 ft y A = c + h = 10.8217 ft
So c = 4.1365 ft,
20 lb F = T0 = wc = ( 4.1365 ft ) = 8.2730 lb 10 ft (a) (b) lb Tmax = wy A = 2 (10.8217 ft ) = 21.643 lb ft (c) Tmax = 21.6 lb F = 8.27 lb h = a = 6.69 ft
FBD Cable:
Pulley
TA = mg = Tmax m mg = ( 40 kg ) 9.81 2 = 392.4 N s Also L = 15 m, So x A = h=5m xB = + 7.5 m
15 m = 7.5 m, 2 xA =c+h c
y A = c cosh So c cosh
7.5 m =c+5m c c = 6.3175 m
Solving numerically, sB = c sinh (a)
7.5 m xB = ( 6.3175 m ) sinh = 9.390 m c 6.3175 m cable length = 2sB = 18.78 m
Tmax = wyB = w ( c + h ) = w ( 6.3175 m + 5 m ) w= (b) 392.4 N = 34.672 N/m 11.3175 m mass/length = w 34.672 N/m kg = = 3.53 g 9.81 N/kg m
yD = c cosh
xD c a c
h + c = c cosh
10.8 ft 12 ft = c cosh 1 c
Solving numerically, c = 6.2136 ft Then
yB = ( 6.2136 ft ) cosh
10.8 ft = 18.2136 ft 6.2136 ft
F = Tmax = wyB = (1.5 lb/ft )(18.2136 ft ) F = 27.3 lb
yD = c cosh
xD c
a c
c + h = c cosh
a h = c cosh 1 c
18 ft 12 ft = c cosh 1 c
Solving numerically
c = 15.162 ft
yB = h + c = 12 ft + 15.162 ft = 27.162 ft
F = TD = wyD = (1.5 lb/ft )( 27.162 ft ) = 40.74 lb F = 40.7 lb
w = 4 kg/m 9.81 m/s 2 = 39.24 N/m

P = T0 = wc, c= P 800 N = w 39.24 N/m
c = 20.387 m
y = c cosh x c
dy x = sinh dx c
tan = dy dx = sinh
a
a a = sinh c c
a = c sinh 1 ( tan ) = ( 20.387 m ) sinh 1 ( tan 60 ) a = 26.849 m

y A = c cosh a 26.849 m = ( 20.387 m ) cosh = 40.774 m c 20.387 m
b = y A c = 40.774 m 20.387 m = 20.387 m

So (a)
B is 26.8 m right and 20.4 m down from A
s = c sinh
a 26.849 m = ( 20.387 m ) sinh = 35.31 m c 20.387 m

(b)
s = 35.3 m
w = ( 4 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 39.24 N/m

P = T0 = wc c= P 600 N = w 39.24 N/m
c = 15.2905 m
x y = c cosh , c
At A: So
dy x = sinh dx c
= sinh
a
tan =
dy dx
a a = sinh c c
a = c sinh 1 ( tan ) = (15.2905 m ) sinh 1 ( tan 60 ) = 20.137 m
yB = h + c = c cosh
a c
a h = c cosh 1 c
20.137 m = (15.2905 m ) cosh 1 15.2905 m = 15.291 m
So (a)
B is 20.1 m right and 15.29 m down from A
s = c sinh
a 20.137 m = (15.291 m ) sinh = 26.49 m c 15.291 m

(b)
s = 26.5 m
Cable:
Since y A = c cosh
xA , c
yB = c cosh
xB c
and xB x A = 8 m
( xA < 0 )
xA c
xB c
( c + 0.5 m ) = c cosh
( c + 1.2 m ) = c cosh
1.2 m 0.5 m 8 m 1 cosh 1 1 + + cosh 1 + = c c c
Solving numerically, So
c = 9.9987 m
0.5 m x A = cosh 1 1 + ( 9.9987 m ) 9.9987 m = 3.15 m
C is 3.15 m from house
(a)
Tmax = TB = wyB
kg N = 2.1 (1.2 m + 9.9987 m ) 9.81 m kg = 230.7 N

(b)
Tmax = 231 N
y A = c cosh
a = c + 6 ft c
6 ft a = c cosh 1 1 + c
yB = c cosh b = c + 11.4 ft c
11.4 ft b = c cosh 1 1 + c
So Solving numerically,
6 ft 11.4 ft 1 a + b = c cosh 1 1 + + cosh 1 + = 36 ft c c
c = 20.446 ft
11.4 ft b = ( 20.446 ft ) cosh 1 1 + = 20.696 ft 20.446 ft

(a)
C is 20.7 ft left of and 11.4 ft below B
20.696 ft Tmax = wyB = ( 0.3 lb/ft )( 20.446 ft ) cosh = 9.554 lb 20.446 ft

(b)
Tmax = 9.55 lb
(a)
tan =
dy x = sinh dx c x = c tan , Q.E.D. c
s = c sinh (b) So And Also
y 2 = s2 + c2 , y2 = c2
2
( cosh x = sinh ( tan + 1) = c sec

2 2 2
x +1
y = c sec , Q.E.D.
TB = Tmax = wyB = wc cosh Let xB L 2c L = w cosh c 2 L 2c wL cosh 2
L 2c
so
Tmax =
dTmax wL 1 = sinh cosh d 2 For min Tmax , tanh 1
=0
Solving numerically
= 1.1997
(Tmax )min
(a) If
wL cosh (1.1997 ) = 0.75444wL 2 (1.1997 ) Lmax = Tmax T = 1.3255 max 0.75444w w
Tmax = 32 kN and w = ( 0.34 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 3.3354 N/m 32.000 N = 12 717 m 3.3354 N/m Lmax = 12.72 km
Lmax = 1.3255 (b)
ymax = c cosh Tmax = wymax , ymax =
L =h+c 2c ymax = Tmax w
80 lb = 40 ft 2 lb/ft c cosh 9 ft = 40 ft c
Solving numerically,
c1 = 2.6388 ft c2 = 38.958 ft h = ymax c h1 = 40 ft 2.6388 ft h2 = 40 ft 38.958 ft h1 = 37.4 ft h2 = 1.042 ft
Tmax = wyB = 2wsB y B = 2sB c cosh L L = 2c sinh 2c 2c L 1 = 2c 2
tanh
L 1 = tanh 1 = 0.549306 2c 2 hB y c L = B = cosh 1 c c 2c
= 0.154701
hB hB /c = L 2( L/2c) = 0.5 ( 0.154701) = 0.14081 0.549306 hB = 0.1408 L
(a)
Tmax = wyB = wc cosh
L 2c
dTmax L L L = w cosh sinh dc 2c 2c 2c

For
min Tmax ,
dTmax =0 dc
tanh
L 2c = 2c L
L = 1.1997 2c
yB L = cosh = 1.8102 2c c h y = B 1 = 0.8102 c c h h 1 h 2c 0.8102 = = 0.3375 = 0.338 = L 2 c L 2 (1.1997 ) L

(b) But So
T0 = wc,
Tmax = wc cosh
L , 2c
Tmax L y = cosh = B 2c T0 c Tmax = sec B T0
T0 = Tmax cos B ,
B = sec1 B = sec1 (1.8102 ) c

= 56.46
B = 56.5
Tmax = wyB = w
yB 2c L L = w (1.8102 ) c L 2 2 (1.1997 )
Tmax = 0.755wL
FBD AB:
4 3 M A = 0: r C + r C 2r ( 70 lb ) = 0 5 5
C = 100 lb
Fx = 0: Ax +
4 (100 lb ) = 0 5
A x = 80 lb Fy = 0: Ay +
3 (100 lb ) 70 lb = 0 5
A y = 10 lb Fx = 0: F ( 80 lb ) sin 30 (10 lb ) cos30 = 0

F = 48.66 lb F = 48.7 lb 60
FBD AJ:
Fy = 0: V ( 80 lb ) cos30 + (10 lb ) sin 30 = 0

V = 64.28 lb V = 64.3 lb 30
M 0 = 0: ( 8 in.)( 48.66 lb ) (8 in.)(10 lb ) M = 0
M = 309.28 lb in. M = 309 lb in.
FBD Whole:
M A = 0: ( 5.4 ft ) Bx ( 7.8 ft )( 90 lb ) = 0
B x = 130 lb
FBD BE with pulleys and cord:
M E = 0: ( 5.4 ft )(130 lb ) ( 7.2 ft ) By

+ ( 4.8 ft )( 90 lb ) ( 0.6 ft )( 90 lb ) = 0
B y = 150 lb
Fx = 0: Ex 130 lb = 0
E x = 130 lb
Fy = 0: E y + 150 lb 90 lb 90 lb = 0
E y = 30 lb
Fx = 0: F 90 lb + 4 3 (130 lb ) + ( 90 lb 30 lb ) = 0 5 5 F = 50.0 lb
FBD JE and pulley:
Fy = 0: V +
3 4 (130 lb ) + ( 30 lb 90 lb ) = 0 5 5 V = 30 lb V = 30.0 lb
M J = 0: M + (1.8 ft )(130 lb ) + ( 2.4 ft )( 30 lb ) + ( 0.6 ft )( 90 lb ) ( 3.0 ft )( 90 lb ) = 0
M = 90.0 lb ft
FBD Rod:
Fx = 0: M B = 0:
Ax = 0
2r
W rAy = 0
Ay =
2W
= 15, weight of segment = W

FBD AJ:
r = r sin = 2W
30 W = 90 3
r sin15 = 0.9886r /12 cos 30 W cos30 F = 0 3
Fy = 0:
F=
W 3 2 1 2 3
2W W M 0 = M + r F =0 + r cos15 3
M = 0.0557 Wr
(a)
Along AC:
Fy = 0: M J = 0:
3 kip V = 0
V = 3 kips M = ( 3 kips ) x
M + x ( 3 kips ) = 0 M = 9 kip ft at C
Along CD:
Fy = 0: M K = 0:
3 kips 5 kips V = 0
V = 8 kips
M + ( x 3 ft )( 5 kips ) + x ( 3 kips ) = 0 M = +15 kip ft ( 8 kips ) x
M = 16.2 kip ft at D ( x = 3.9 ft )

Along DE:
Fy = 0:
3 kips 5 kips + 6 kips V = 0 V = 2 kips
M L = 0:
M x1 ( 6 kips ) + (.9 ft + x1 )( 5 kips ) + ( 3.9 ft + x1 )( 3 kips ) = 0 M = 16.2 kip ft ( 2 kips ) x1
M = 18.6 kip ft at E
( x1 = 1.2 ft )
continued
Along EB:
Fy = 0: 3 kips 5 kips + 6 kips 4 kips V = 0 M + ( 4 kips ) x2 + ( 2.1 ft + x2 )( 5 kips )
V = 6 kips
M N = 0:
+ ( 5.1 ft + x2 )( 3 kips ) (1.2 ft + x2 )( 6 kips ) = 0 M = 18.6 kip ft ( 6 kips ) x2 M = 33 kip ft at B

(b) From diagrams:
( x2
= 2.4 ft )
V
max max
= 8.00 kips on CD = 33.0 kip ft at B
(a)
By symmetry:
Ay = B = 8 kN + Along AC:
1 ( 4 kN/m )( 5 m ) 2
A y = B = 18 kN
Fy = 0: M J = 0:
18 kN V = 0 M x (18 kN )
V = 18 kN M = (18 kN ) x
M = 36 kN m at C ( x = 2 m ) Along CD:
Fy = 0:
18 kN 8 kN ( 4 kN/m ) x1 V = 0 V = 10 kN ( 4 kN/m ) x1 V = 0 at x1 = 2.5 m ( at center )
M K = 0: M +
x1 ( 4 kN/m ) x1 + (8 kN ) x1 ( 2 m + x1 )(18 kN ) = 0 2
2 M = 36 kN m + (10 kN/m ) x1 ( 2 kN/m ) x1
M = 48.5 kN m at x1 = 2.5 m Complete diagram by symmetry

(b)
From diagrams:
max
= 18.00 kN on AC and DB
max
= 48.5 kN m at center
By symmetry:
Along AC:
Ay = B = 60 kN P
M J = 0: M x ( 60 kN P ) = 0
Along CD:
M = ( 60 kN P ) x
M = 120 kN m ( 2 m ) P at x = 2 m
M K = 0:
M + ( x 2 m )( 60 kN ) x ( 60 kN P ) = 0 M = 120 kN m Px M = 120 kN m ( 4 m ) P at x = 4 m
Along DE:
M L = 0:
M ( x 4 m ) P + ( x 2 m )( 60 kN ) x ( 60 kN P ) = 0 M = 120 kN m ( 4 m ) P (const)
Complete diagram by symmetry For minimum M

max
, set M max = M min
120 kN m ( 2 m ) P = 120 kN m ( 4 m ) P
(a) (b)
P = 40.0 kN
M min = 120 kN m ( 4 m) P
max
= 40.0 kN m
FBD Beam:
M A = 0:
( 4 m ) B (1 m )( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) M
B = 10 kN + M 4m
=0
(a)
(a)
B = 10 kN
B = 13 kN
(b) Fy = 0:
Ay ( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) + B = 0 Ay = 40 kN B
(a) (b)
Shear Diags:
A y = 30 kN A y = 27 kN
dV VA = Ay , then V is linear = 20 kN/m to C. dx

(b)
VC = Ay ( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) = Ay 40 kN (a)
(b)
VC = 10 kN VC = 13 kN
V = 0 = Ay ( 20 kN/m ) x1 at x1 = Ay m 20 kN
(a) (b)
x1 = 1.5 m x1 = 1.35 m V is constant from C to B.
continued
Moment Diags:
dM M A = applied M . Then M is parabolic decreases with V dx M is max where V = 0. M max = M +

(a) 1 Ay x1. 2 1 ( 30 kN )(1.5 m ) = 22.5 kN m 2 1.500 m from A (b)
max
M max = 12 kN m +
1 ( 27 kN )(1.35 m ) = 30.225 kN m 2
max
M M C = M max
(a) (b)
= 30.2 kN, 1.350 m from A
1 VC ( 2 m x1 ) 2
M C = 20 kN m M C = 26 kN m
dM Finally, M is linear = VC to zero at B. dx
(b)
(a)
x Distributed load w = w0 1 L
M A = 0:
Fy = 0:
1 total = w0 L 2
B= w0 L 6
w0 L 3
L 1 w0 L LB = 0 3 2
Ay 1 wL w0 L + 0 = 0 2 6
Ay =
Shear:
VA = Ay =
Then
w0 L , 3
dV = w V = VA dx
1 dx 0 w0 L
1 x 1 x 2 1 w0 2 w L V = 0 w0 x + x = w0 L + 2 L 3 3 L 2 L
Note: At x = L, V =
2
w0 L ; 6
x x x 2 V = 0 at 2 + = 0 =1 3 L L L
Moment:
M A = 0,
1 3
Then
dM =V M = dx
0 Vdx = L0
x/L
x x V d L L
M = w0 L2
x / L 1
x 1 x + 3 2 L L
x d L
1 x 1 x 2 1 x 3 M = w0 L2 + 6 L 3 L 2 L
continued
x M max at L = 1
1 2 = 0.06415w0 L 3
(a)
1 x 1 x 2 V = w0 L + 3 L 2 L
1 x 1 x 2 1 x 3 M = w0 L2 + 6 L 3 L 2 L
(c)
M max = 0.0642 w0 L2
at x = 0.423L
(a)
Fy = 0: wg L wg L =
L 4w0
L2
( Lx x ) dx = 0
2
4w0 1 2 1 3 2 LL L = w0 L 3 3 L2 2
wg =
2w0 3
Define =
x dx so d = net load w = 4w0 L L 1 w = 4w0 + 2 6 V = V(0)
x x 2 2 w0 L L 3
or
+ 0 4w0 L 6
1 6 1 2 1 3
= 0 + 4w0 L + 2 3
V = M = M0 + = (b) 2 w0 L 3 2 + 2 3 3
)
)
0 Vdx = 0 + 3 w0 L 0
2
( 3
(
+ 2 3 d
2 1 1 1 w0 L2 2 3 + 4 = w0 L2 2 2 3 + 4 3 2 3 2 1 2
Max M occurs where V = 0 1 3 + 2 2 = 0 =

1 1 1 w L2 1 2 M = = w0 L2 + = 0 2 3 48 4 8 16
M max =
w0 L2 at center of beam 48
(a) FBD cable:
M E = 0:
( 4 m )(1.2 kN ) + (8 m )( 0.8 kN ) + (12 m )(1.2 kN ) ( 3 m ) Ax (16 m ) Ay = 0

3 Ax + 16 Ay = 25.6 kN (1)
M C = 0: ( 4 m )(1.2 kN ) + (1 m ) Ax ( 8 m ) Ay = 0
FBD ABC:
Ax 8 Ay = 4.8 kN Solving (1) and (2) Ax = 3.2 kN Ay = 1 kN So A = 3.35 kN (b) cable: Fx = 0: Ax + Ex = 0 Ex = Ax = 3.2 kN Fy = 0: Ay (1.2 + 0.8 + 1.2 ) kN + E y = 0 E y = 3.2 kN Ay = ( 3.2 1) kN = 2.2 kN So E = 3.88 kN
(2)
17.35
34.5
FBD AC:
FBD CB:
M A = 0: (13.5 ft ) T0
a ( 57.5 lb/ft ) a = 0 2
T0 = 2.12963 lb/ft 2 a 2
M B = 0:
60 ft a ( 57.5 lb/ft )( 60 ft a ) ( 6 ft ) T0 = 0 2
2 2 6T0 = 28.75 lb/ft 2 3600 ft (120 ft ) a + a
(2)
Using (1) in (2), Solving: So (a)
0.55a 2 (120 ft ) a + 3600 ft 2 = 0 a = 36 ft (180 ft out of range)
a = (108 72 ) ft,
C is 36 ft from A C is 6 ft below and 24 ft left of B

T0 = 2.1296 lb/ft 2 ( 36 ft ) = 2760 lb
2
W1 = ( 57.5 lb/ft )( 36 ft ) = 2070 lb (b) Tmax = TA = T02 + W12 =
( 2760 lb )2 + ( 2070 lb )2
= 3450 lb
sB = 100 ft,
w=
4 lb = 0.02 lb/ft 200 ft
Tmax = 16 lb Tmax = TB = wyB yB = TB 16 lb = = 800 ft w 0.02 lb/ft

2 2 c 2 = yB sB
c= But
(800 ft )2 (100 ft )2
= 793.73 ft
yB = xB cosh
xB y xB = c cosh 1 B c c
800 ft = ( 793.73 ft ) cosh 1 = 99.74 ft 793.73 ft L = 2 xB = 2 ( 99.74 ft ) = 199.5 ft

Chapter 7, Solution 1.: Fbd Frame: 0: M Σ = 0.3 m 0.4 m 900 N 0 D− = 1200 N ∴ = D

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Chapter 7, Solution 1.: Fbd Frame: 0: M Σ = 0.3 m 0.4 m 900 N 0 D− = 1200 N ∴ = D

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COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

( 0.3 m ) Dx ( 0.4 m )( 900 N ) = 0

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

( 0.95 m )( 480 N ) ( 0.25 m ) Dx = 0,

Note: BE is a two-force member

Then, from (1) above,

F = 1.824 kN V = 480 N V = 480 N

M + ( 0.25 m )( 480 N ) = 0 M = 120 N m M = 120.0 N m

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

( 0.15 m + 0.08 m )(180 N ) = 0

FBD sect. CJ:

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Note: AC is a two-force member, resolve FAC at C:

1 FAC ( 0.15 m )( 320 N ) = 0 2

FBD sect. AB:

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Note: AB is a two-force member, so

(15 in.) Ax ( 24 in.)( 78 lb ) = 0

F = 124.8 lb V = 52.0 lb M = 520 lb in.

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Note: AB is a two-force member

5 12 FAB + ( 7.5 in.) FAB 13 13 ( 24 in.)( 78 lb ) = 0

( 5 in.)(124.8 lb ) (12 in.)( 26 lb ) M

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

FBD half-section: By symmetry,

Where W = ( 9 kg )( 9.81 N/kg ) = 88.29 N

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Note: Cut is just left of contact with ground. Also

W = ( 9 kg )( 9.81 N/kg ) = 88.29 N

r = 0.15 m F=0 V = 44.1 N

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

FBD sect. BJ:

(12 lb ) cos 30 (12 lb ) sin 30 F = 0

(12 lb ) cos 30 + (12 lb ) sin 30 V

( 4 in.) sin 30 (12 lb ) + ( 4 in.)(1 cos 30 )(12 lb ) M

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 7, Solution 10.

( 4 in.) sin (12 lb ) + ( 4 in.)(1 cos )(12 lb ) M

(a) to maximize M, set

dM = ( 48 lb in.)( sin + cos ) = 0 d

F + (12 lb ) cos (12 lb ) sin = 0

(12 lb ) cos + (12 lb ) sin

From (1) above, M = ( 48 lb in.)(1 cos135 + sin135 ) = 115.88 lb in.

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 7, Solution 11.

24 FEC (12.6 in.)(120 lb ) = 0 25

(16.2 in.)(120 lb ) (13.5 in.) By

F + ( 50.25 lb ) cos30 ( 90.0 lb ) sin 30 = 0

V ( 90 lb ) cos 30 + ( 50.25 lb ) sin 30 = 0 V = 103.1 lb

(8.4 in.)( 50.25 lb + 1.482 lb ) M

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 7, Solution 12.

24 FEC (12.6 in.)(120 lb ) = 0 25

(16.2 in.)(120 lb ) (13.5 in.) By

(144 lb 120 lb ) sin 30 F = 0

(144 lb 120 lb ) cos 30 V

(8.4 in.)(12 lb 144 lb ) + (11.1 in.)(120 lb ) M

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 7, Solution 13.

( 0.8 m )(1.8 kN ) ( 0.24 m ) Ax = 0

1 2 J , y J = 0.375 ( 0.48 m ) = 0.0864 m m

slope of parabola at J , FBD AJ: Fx = 0:

dy 1 = 2 0.375 ( 0.48 m ) = 0.36 = tan J dx m