Enteric pathogen bacteria

Enterobacteriaceae Gram negative Exotoxin enterotoxin Endotoxin in cell walls(LPS)

Antigens
3 major groups of antigens: 1. Somatic O Lipopolysacharides 2. Capsular K antigens / Vi antigen 3. Flagellar H proteins

Virulence Factors
Enterotoxin Capsule Antigenic phase variation Exotoxin production Adhesion factors Intracellular survival and multiplication protecting from antibiotic&immune reaction

 Antimicrobial resistance exposure to antibiotic Resistance to serum killing capsule

Endotoxin. - Lipid A component of LPS - Release upon cell death & lysis Endotoxin Mediated Toxicity: - Fever - Leukopenia - Activation of complement - Thrombocytopenia

- Disseminated Intravascular coagulation - Decreased peripheral circulation - Shock - Death Exotoxin production - Enterotoxin - Shiga&shiga like toxin cytotoxic,enterotoxic - Hemolysins

Desease due to Enterobacteriaceae

1. Intestinal Infections Pathogenic processesinvasive 2. Extra intestinal Infections Enteric commensals opportunistic pathogens

Enteritis : non bloody diarrhea Septicemia Enteric fever Asymptomatic carriage/chronic carriage Shigellosis: pus&bloody in the stoolmucosal ulceration.

Pathogenesis
1. Bacteremia- Septicemia Ingestion of bacteriasmall intestine mesenteric lymph node bacteremia RES system(multiplication)septicemia and BileGall bladder:. Cholecystitis . Carriage stage Inflamation&ulceration of Peyers patches

2. Infection is limited to the mucosa and sub mucosa of the intestine

Clinically Significant Nonfermentative Gram Negative Bacilli

Pseudomonas Acinetobacter Virulence Factors Assosiated with Pseudomonas: . Pili . Exotoxin . Capsule . Enzymes . Endotoxin

Infections
Opportunistic pathogen 1. Bacteremia 2. Endocarditis 3. Pulmonary Infections 4. Ear Infection 5. Burn wound Infection 6. UTI 7. Eye Infections ,ect