Load Control

WCDMA LOAD CONTROL
Ti sao phi s dng Load Control?

H thng WCDMA l h thng t gy nhiu ti h thng tng nhiu s tng. Ti cao c th nh hng n cht lng dch v (QoS) ca cc dch v c thit lp. Dung lng, vng ph v QoS ca h thng WCDMA b nh hng ln nhau. Phi load control maximum dung lng h thng trong khi vn m bo c vng ph v QoS.
Load Control

Tng quan Load control Load control thc t Load Control trong Huawei
Load Control

Tng quan Load control

Load l g?

Load: s chim gi dung lng h thng C hai loi dung lng trong WCDMA
Dung lng cng

Cell DL OVSF code Ti nguyn truyn dn NodeB (lung Iub) Kh nng x l ca NodeB (NodeB Credit hay CE) Cell Power (UL v DL)
Dung lng mm
Mc ch ca Load Control
Gi h thng n nh. Maximum dung lng h thng m vn m bo c vng ph v QoS. Nhn ra cc mc u tin khc nhau i vi cc dch v v ngi dng khc nhau.
Load Measurement
Ti nguyn cng sut da trn cc report t NodeB.
Uplink: RTWP (Received Total Wideband Power), RSEPS (Received Scheduled Enhanced Didecated Channel power share), E-DCH Provided Bit Rate. Downlink: TCP, Non-HSPA TCP, HSDPA PBR, HSDPA GBP.
Cc ti nguyn OVSF, NodeB Credit v Iub do RNC tnh ton.
Load Control

Load control thc t

Cc phng php chng nghn Nng cp ti nguyn
Load control thc t
Khi mt cell b nghn th ta phi lm g?

Tm nguyn nhn nghn:
Lu lng cell c tng t bin hay khng? Khu vc cell phc v c l hi g hay khng? Cc cell xung quanh c bnh thng hay khng? Nghn code, power, Iub hay CE?
Theo di cell nghn:

Cell c phi nghn t bin hay khng? Nghn trn carrier 1 hay carrier 2?
X l nghn: s dng gii php no?
Load control thc t Cc gii php chng nghn: Nu l nghn Iub th phi lm g?
-
Share ti sang cc cell khc trm: vng ph, thut ton share ti Nng cp lung nu tha Guidline.
Nu nghn CE th phi lm g?
Share ti sang cc cell khc trm: vng ph, thut ton share ti Nng cp card WBBP HW, card TX v RX Eric.
Load control thc t Cc gii php chng nghn: Nu l nghn code th phi lm g?
-
Share ti sang cc cell khc: vng ph, thut ton share ti Nng cp cell nu tha mn Guidline.
Nu l nghn power th phi lm g?

Share ti sang cc cell khc: vng ph, thut ton share ti. Nng cp cell nu tha mn Guidline.
Nghn do s lng user HSPA
Load control thc t
Nng cp ti nguyn:
i vi ti nguyn Iub v NodeB Credit: theo Guideline. iu kin nng cp cell cell carrier: Phn cng h tr. Tha mn Guideline.
Load control thc t
Nng cp cell carrier Cu hnh ca mt trm Eric v HW.
Huawei: (DBS3900 v BTS3900)

BBU3900: H tr 24 cell. RRU3804 hoc card WRFU: H tr cu hnh 4 carrier. WBBP: H tr 6 cell. Cu hnh trm Huawei 3 sector c th l: 3/2/1, 2/2/2 Nu tng ln 3/3/3 hoc 3/3/2 th phi thm card WBBP.
Ericssion:
RBS3206M/F: Thit b hin ti ch h tr cu hnh 3x2. Ngoi ra cn phi c Cp Data, license khi nng cp cell. RBS3418: Thit b hin ti ch h tr cu hnh 3x2. Ngoi ra cn phi c license khi nng cp thm cell.
Load control thc t
Nng cp ti nguyn Guideline nng cp

Hiu sut s dng Iub: DL v UL. Hiu sut s dng cng sut DL: Non HS v HSDPA. Hiu sut s dng ti nguyn CE ng DL v UL. Hiu sut s dng code Non-HS v HSDPA.
Load control thc t
Nng cp ti nguyn Guideline nng cp

iu kin nng cp theo Guideline:
Hiu sut s dng ti nguyn vt ngng trong 4/7 ngy. Hoc hiu sut s dng ti nguyn vt ngng trong 2 ngy cng th ca 2 tun lin tip.
Ngng xem xt b sung ti nguyn nh sau:

Hiu sut s dng bng thng Iub (UL v DL)>70% Cng sut ng xung: Hiu sut s dng cng sut DL non-HS >70% hoc l >60% v t l thit lp RAB khng thnh cng do thiu power >0.1% Hiu sut s dng cng sut DL cho HSDPA >70%. Ti nguyn CE Hiu sut s dng ti nguyn CE ng UL hoc DL>70% hoc >60% v t l thit lp RAB khng thnh cng do CE >0.1%
Load control thc t
Nng cp ti nguyn Guideline nng cp Ngng xem xt b sung ti nguyn nh sau: Ti nguyn code: Hiu sut s dng code ng xung non-HS>60% hoc >50% v t l thit lp RAB khng thnh cng do nghn code>0.1% Hiu sut s dng code ng xung dnh cho HSDPA >70%. Thc t cc ngng ny rt kh t c. Trong khi cell b nghn hin ti vn da vo lu lng v RAB congestion tin hnh nng cp carrier 2 hoc carrier 3 hoc nng cp lung Iub, hoc card.
Load control thc t
Nng cp cell cell carrier active cell Sau khi quyt nh nng cp carrier cho mt cell th ta cn phi lm g? Kim tra phn cng: HW: hin ti lun h tr cu hnh 2/2/2 hoc 3/2/1 Eric: license ca trm v cp data. Kim tra cell carrier 2 hoc 3 tch hp ln h thng hay cha? Nu cha tch hp th lm CDD tch hp: CDD, Neighbor, CGI
Load control thc t
Nng cp cell cell carrier active cell Sau khi quyt nh nng cp carrier cho mt cell th ta cn phi lm g? Kim tra khai bo Home Phone v Happy Zone cha? Thit lp cc thng s share ti gia carrier 1 v carrier 2 Thc hin active cell.
Load control thc t
Chin thut share ti

Sau khi active carrier 2 ln s c cc hin tng sau:

Lu lng trn f2 rt cao xy ra nghn trn f2. Cc KPI trn f2 cng rt ti nh: CS CDR, PS CDR, HHOSR, RAB CR
Load control thc t
Chin thut share ti

Ericssion: hin ti cc tnh nng load handover v load sharing cha c kch hot share ti ch n thun da vo cc thng s Idle v ngng 2d.

Idle mode: hn ch UE bm nhiu trn f2. Connected mode: f2 sm HO sang f1 theo coverage.
Load control thc t
Chin thut share ti

Huawei:
Idle mode: trn f1. Connecting mode: y sang cc cell khc nu cell hin ti nghn. Tng t l Admission control gim nghn. Connected mode: Khi ti bnh thng trn carrier 1. Khi ti vt ngng Load HO sang f2. Nu l tn f3 th i x tng t f2.
Load control thc t
Chin thut share ti da vo cc thng s Idle v ngng 2d.

S dng cho cell intra-frequency c c khng? Thng ch s dng cho cell inter-frequency reselection da vo tiu chun R v cc thng s Sintersearch, Qoffset1n, Qoffset2n v HO-coverage da vo ngng 2d. Inter-fre measurement: Cell ranking:
Load control thc t
Chin thut share ti da vo cc thng s Idle v ngng 2d.
Bi ton t ra l hin ti khi active cell carrier 2 (f2) th lu lng trn f2 ln hn nhiu so vi cell carrier 1 (f1). S dng cc thng s idle v ngng HO 2d hn ch ti trn f2?
Load Control

Load Control trong Huawei
Priority trong Load Control
Priority dng lm g? dch v ca ngi s dng c mc u tin thp s b nh hng bi load control trc tin. C 3 loi u tin:

User Priority. RAB Intergrate Priority. User Intergrate Priority.
User Priority: c 3 loi l gold (cao), silver (trung bnh) v copper (thp). Cc mc priority ny c xc nh bi cc ARP (Allocation Retention Priority) c cu hnh CN HLR v RNC. Hin ti khng c s dng.
Rab Integrate Priority:

c s dng ch yu trong Load Control trong Huawei. Rab integrate priority c thit lp theo:

ARP (Allocation Retention Priority) Traffic Class THP (Traffic Handling Priority): i vi cc dch v interactive HSPA hoc DCH
Rab Integrate Priority:
User integrate priority
Khi user ch c mt RAB th User integrate priority chnh l RAB integrate priority. Khi user c nhiu RAB th integrate priority ca user l RAB c priority cao nht.
Huawei a ra 6 thut ton Load Control

1.
2. 3.
4.
5. 6.
PUC (Potential User Control) LDB (Intra-Frequency Load Balancing) CAC (Call Admission Control) IAC (Intelligent Admission Control) LDR (Load Reshuffling) OLC (Overload Control)

1.
2.
3. 4. 5. 6.

1.
PUC (Potential User Control)

Nguyn l:
Thut ton PUC iu khin inter-frequency cell reselection ca UE v ngn UE camp-on vo cell ang nng ti. Cc ch m PUC c th iu khin: Idle Cell-FACH, Cell-PCH, URA-PCH

1.

Nguyn l:

1.

nh gi ti theo thut ton PUC

1.

PUC Procedure

1.

PUC Procedure
Load of current cell Light Normal Heavy Sintersearch Sintersearch+ Sintersearch offset 1 Sintersearch Sintersearch+ Sintersearch offset 2 Qoffset 1 Qoffset 1+Qoffset1 offset 1 Qoffset 1+Qoffset1 offset 2 Qoffset 1 Qoffset 1 Change Qoffset 1 Decreases Increases Unchanged Unchanged Change of Sintersearch Decreases Unchanged Increases Qoffset 2 Qoffset 2+Qoffset2 offset 1 Qoffset 2+Qoffset2 offset 2 Qoffset 2 Qoffset 2 Change Qoffset 2 Decreases Increases Unchanged Unchanged
Current cell Load Heavy Non-Heavy Non-Heavy Heavy
Neighbor Cell Load Non-Heavy Heavy Non-Heavy Heavy

1.
PUC (Potential User Control) Nhn xt:

Thut ton ch tc ng vo ch Idle, Cell-FACH, Cell-PCH v URA-PCH nn hiu qu share ti khng cao. S dng thut ton ny s rt kh khng ch ti trong cc thut ton khc. C th vn dng thut ton ny trong cc trng hp cn share ti nhanh bng cch thay i cc thng s cell reselection.

1.
2.
3. 4. 5. 6.

LDB (Intra-Frequency Load Balancing) LDB thc hin hiu vng ph ca cc cell bng cch thay i cng sut knh PCPICH. LDB nh hng n UE trong tt c cc trng thi.

LDB (Intra-Frequency Load Balancing) LDB Procedure

LDB (Intra-Frequency Load Balancing) Nhn xt:
Thut ton ny ch tc ng vo vng bin cell nn hiu qu share ti khng cao. Nu vng ph indoor khng tt khi dng thut ton ny c th gy mt dch v trong vng indoor.

1.
2.
3. 4. 5. 6.

CAC (Call Admission Control) Ti sao li cn CAC?
-
WCDMA l mt h thng b gii hn bi nhiu, sau khi mt cuc gi c chp nhn th ti ca h thng s tng. Nu ti ca cell cao th mt cuc gi mi s gy ra rt. Ti h thng cao vng ph b co li cn phi gi vng ph nh c quy hoch ban u.
CAC lm g?
CAC gim st ti nguyn h thng, iu khin cho php hoc khng cho php UE truy nhp h thng.

CAC (Call Admission Control) Flow chart of CAC

CAC (Call Admission Control) Cc switch ca CAC
-
Power CAC
Uplink CAC algorithm switch Downlink CAC algorithm switch
NodeB credit CAC

CAC algorithm switch: Cacswitch Cell CAC algorithm switch: CRD_ADCTRL
HSDPA user number CAC

CAC algorithm switch: HSDPA_UU_ADCRT
HSUPA user number CAC

CAC algorithm switch: HSUPA_UU_ADCTRL
Hai ti nguyn code v Iub l bt buc ca h thng.

CAC (Call Admission Control) CAC da trn ti nguyn code
-
Cc chc nng ca CAC da trn ti nguyn code:

RRC connection setup Handover R99 services RAB setup
RRC connection setup v Handover c mc u tin cao hn.

CAC (Call Admission Control) CAC da trn ti nguyn cng sut
R99 cell
RRC connection setup R99 RAB setup Handover
HSDPA cell
RRC connection R99 RAB setup HSDPA RAB setup Handover
RRC connection setup v handover c mc u tin cao hn

CAC (Call Admission Control) Cc thut ton Power CAC
-
Thut ton 1: da trn o kim ti UL/DL v ti d on trc (RTWP v TCP) Thut ton 2: da trn s lng user tng ng Thut ton 3: thut ton CAC ni

CAC (Call Admission Control) Nguyn l c bn ca thut ton CAC 1 ng UL

CAC (Call Admission Control) Nguyn l c bn ca thut ton CAC 1 ng DL

CAC (Call Admission Control) Nguyn l c bn ca thut ton CAC 2

CAC (Call Admission Control) CAC da trn ti nguyn NodeB credit
-
Khi mt new service truy cp n mng, admission ti nguyn NodeB credit l mt ty chn. Nguyn l: tng t vi admission control ti nguyn power, tc l n s kim tra ti nguyn NodeB credit ca cell hin ti c th h tr cc dch v yu cu hay khng?

-
i vi dch v DCH v MBR (Maximum Bit Rate) vic tnh ton NodeB credit da trn h s tri ph. Total NodeB credit ca mt local cell ph thuc vo cch cu hnh i vi dch v HSUPA, tc c s dng tnh h s tri ph l MBR.

-
Khi mt dch v c gng truy cp n mng, cc chc nng CAC da trn ti nguyn credit nh sau:
-
RRC connection setup Handover service Other service

CAC (Call Admission Control) CAC da trn ti nguyn IuB
-
CAC ca ti nguyn truyn dn Iub l tng t vi cc thut ton admission trn. Admission control c s dng xc nh ti nguyn truyn dn chp nhn mt yu cu truy nhp mi hay khng? Chc nng ca n:
RRC connection setup v Services RAB setup. Handover

CAC (Call Admission Control) CAC da trn s lng user HSPA
-
S user HSPA c th b gii hn: Mc cell: Maximum user HSPA trong mt cell NodeB: Maximum user HSPA trong tt c cc cell c cu hnh trong mt nodeB.

1.
2.
3. 4. 5. 6.

IAC (Intelligent Admission Control) Ti sao phi cn n IAC?
Nhc im ca CAC
i vi cc dch v PS NRT (Non-Real Time), CAC khng th linh hot c. Khng xt n mc u tin ca cc user. Khng xt n Directed Retry (chuyn hng) sau khi CAC t chi.
Intelligent c ngha l thut ton c th gia tng t l Admission thnh cng.

Tng quan IAC Th tc truy nhp (gm IAC)

IAC - RRC Connection Processing

IAC RAB Directed Retry Decision DRD c s dng la chn mt cell ph hp UE th truy nhp. C hai loi DRD:
-
Inter-frequency DRD
Service Steering Load Balancing
Inter-RAT DRD RNC s thc hin DRD inter-fequency trc tin. Nu tt c DRD interfrequency fail th RNC thc hin interRAT DRD. Nu inter-RAT DRD fail th RNC chn ra mt cell ph hp thc hin xt mc u tin v xp hng.

IAC Inter-frequency DRD Inter-frequency DRD i vi service steering
Da trn cc mc u tin dch v ca cell gm: R99 RT, R99 NRT, HSPA v cc dch v khc. Nu UE yu cu mt dch v trong khu vc c phc v bi nhiu tn s th RNC s la chn mt cell vi mc u tin dch v (dch v m UE yu cu) cao nht UE truy nhp. Hin ti khng s dng thut ton ny.

Inter-Frequency DRD for Load Balance Cc ti nguyn trigger DRD i vi Load Balace bao gm: DL Power v OVSF code. Nu c hai loi ti nguyn xy ra ng thi th DRD Load Balace da trn DL Power s thc hin trc DRD Load Balace da trn code. DRD Load Balace da trn code ch c th dng cho R99 bi v HSDPA s dng cc code dnh ring.

Inter-Frequency DRD for Load Balance DL Power Load Balance

Inter-Frequency DRD for Load Balance Code Load Balance

IAC Inter-RAT DRD: ch cc dch v AMR (t RAN10)

IAC Preemption and Queuing Sau khi cell admission fail th RNC thc hin thut ton xt mc u tin v thut ton xp hng. Hai thut ton ny phi c thit lp CN. Target cell ca hai thut ton ny da vo DRD. Thut ton Preemption s gii phng mt s kt ni dnh ti nguyn cho kt ni mi c mc u tin cao hn. Thut ton Queuing a yu cu vo hng i, thc hin attempt sau mt s ln nht nh.

1.
2.
3. 4. 5. 6.

LDR (Load Reshuffling) -

LDR (Load Reshuffling) L do s dng LDR: khi cell trng thi nghn c bn, th cuc gi n d dng b t chi bi h thng. Mc ch ca LDR:
-
Ti u phn b ti nguyn cell. Gim mc ti h thng, gia tng t l thnh cng ca admission.

LDR (Load Reshuffling)
-
Triggering LDR
Ti nguyn cng sut. Ti nguyn m. Ti nguyn Iub. Ti nguyn NodeB Credit.
LDR Actions: khi ri vo trng thi nghn c bn th LDR c th thc hin cc hnh ng sau:
-
Inter-frequency load handover. Code Reshuffling. BE (Best-Effort) service rate reduction. AMR rate reduction. Inter-RAT load handover in the CS domain. Inter-RAT load handover in the PS domain. Real time service Iu QoS renegotiation. MBMS (Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast service) power reduction.
Cc hnh ng ny ch c trigger bi cc ti nguyn khc nhau: power, code, Iub, NodeB Credit.

LDR Switch: kch hot thut ton LDR Cell LDC algorithm switch:
-
UL_UU_LDR: thut ton hiu chnh ti UL. DL_UU_LDR: thut ton hiu chnh ti DL. CELL_CODE_LDR: thut ton hiu chnh code.
NodeB LDC algorithm switch

IUB_LDR : thut ton hiu chnh NodeB Iub. NODEB_CREDIT_LDR: thut ton hiu chnh mc credit NodeB.

LDR Tng ng vi cc switch s c cc ngng tng ng kch hot n.
-
UL (RTWP) LDR trigger threshold: ngng kch hot UL_UU_LDR. UL (RTWP) LDR release threshold: ngng gii phng UL_UU_LDR. DL (TX POWER) LDR trigger threshold: ngng kch hot DL_UU_LDR. DL (TX POWER) LDR release threshold : ngng gii phng DL_UU_LDR. Cell LDR SF reserved threshold: ngng kch hot CELL_CODE_LDR. Ul LDR Credit SF reserved threshold Dl LDR Credit SF reserved threshold

LDR (Load Reshuffling) -

LDR (Load Reshuffling)
-
Trong trng hp 2 hoc nhiu ti nguyn ri vo ngng nghn c bn th ch thc hin thut ton ng vi ti nguyn c mc u tin cao hn. c thit lp da vo thng s The First / Second/ Third/ Fourth priority for load reshuffling. Mc nh mc u tin ca cc thut ton l:
IUBLDR > CREDITLDR > CODELDR > UULDR

LDR (Load Reshuffling): LDR procedure
-
Bc 1: kim tra trng thi LDR hin ti. Nu nghn th qua bc 2, nu khng th tip tc kim tra. Bc 2: Thc hin action 1, nu fail th thc hin action 2 Nu thnh cng th quay li bc 1.
Cc action c thc hin tun t theo th t c t thng qua thng s: DL LDR first/second/third/fourth/fifth/sixth/seventh/eighth/ninth/tenth action. Mc nh: 1st:CODEADJ , 2nd: INTERFREQLDHO , 3rd: BERATERED

LDR Actions Inter-frequency load handover Target users:

Da vo user integrated priority. Bng thng hin ti i vi DCH hoc GBR i vi HSPA.
Target cell:
Da vo s chnh lch ti hin ti v trng thi nghn c bn ca target cell l ln hn ngng UL/DL Inter-freq cell load handover load space threshold v InterFreq HO code used ratio space threshold.
Action ny thc hin nh sau:
Kim tra xem cell c cell inter-fre no h tr blind handover inter-fre hay khng? La chn cell target:
Basic congestion l power: LDR kim tra s chnh lch ti hin ti v ngng basic congestion ca cell target c ln hn ngng UL/DL Inter-freq cell load handover load space threshold ny hay khng? ng thi cc ti nguyn khc phi khng nghn. Nu khng c cell nh vy action fail. Basic congestion l code: LDR kim tra minimum SF ca target cell khng c ln hn cell hin ti. So snh t l chim code ca cell hin ti v target cell phi ln hn ngng InterFreq HO code used ratio space threshold. Target cell phi trng thi Normal.
La chn UE thc hin handover.

LDR Actions BE rate reduction
Target RAB
Da trn RAB integrate priority. Tc bit ca dch v BE c ln hn GBR S lng RAB c th cu hnh c.
LDR s thc hin nh sau:

Da trn intergrate priority, LDR chn ra RAB c mc u tin thp nht, cc RAB c cng mc u tin th chn RAB c tc cao nht. S lng cc RAB c chn c quyt nh bi thng s UL/DL LDR-BE rate reduction RAB number. Bng thng ca dch v c chn s b gim xung mt tc nht nh

LDR Actions Inter-system Handover In the CS/PS Domain
Target user
Da trn user integrate priority Ch nh handover:
Handover to GSM should be performed Handover to GSM should not be performed"
LDR thc hin nh sau:

Da trn integrate priority, LDR s chn ra c UE. S lng UE la chn c th t c. LDR gi load handover command module x l handover inter-system thc hin handover n 2G.

LDR Actions Code Reshuffling Mc ch:
-
Cp pht li ti nguyn m cho user c. Hiu chnh li cy m.

1.
2.
3. 4. 5. 6.

OLC (Overload Control) L do dng OLC: trong trng thi qu ti, h thng khng n nh. Mc ch ca OLC: m bo h thng n nh v a h thng quay li trng thi normal mt cch sm nht. Trigger thut ton OLC: ch s dng ti nguyn cng sut.

OLC (Overload Control) Cc hnh ng trong trng thi Overload ca OLC. - Gim tc d liu ca cc dch v BE theo step. - a cc UE s dng dch v BE xung knh dng chung (FACH). - Gii phng mt s RAB i vi dch v HSPA v DCH.
Tng kt
Load Control
-
Cc loi ti nguyn h thng?

Nm c 4 loi ti nguyn WCDMA. Cch share ti cho tng loi ti nguyn.
Cc loi priority. Thut ton DRD.

Hiu c nguyn l thut ton. Cu hnh c thut ton.
Thut ton LDR.

Hiu c nguyn l thut ton. Cu hnh c thut ton.
Cm n Anh/Ch nghe!

Load Control

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Load Control

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WCDMA LOAD CONTROL

Ti sao phi s dng Load Control?

Tng quan Load control

Dung lng cng

Tng quan Load control

Tng quan Load control

Ti nguyn cng sut da trn cc report t NodeB.

Cc ti nguyn OVSF, NodeB Credit v Iub do RNC tnh ton.

Load control thc t

Cc phng php chng nghn Nng cp ti nguyn

Load control thc t

Khi mt cell b nghn th ta phi lm g?

Theo di cell nghn:

X l nghn: s dng gii php no?

Nu l nghn power th phi lm g?

Nghn do s lng user HSPA

Load control thc t

Load control thc t

Nng cp cell carrier Cu hnh ca mt trm Eric v HW.

Huawei: (DBS3900 v BTS3900)

Load control thc t

Nng cp ti nguyn Guideline nng cp

Load control thc t

Nng cp ti nguyn Guideline nng cp

Ngng xem xt b sung ti nguyn nh sau:

Load control thc t

Load control thc t

Load control thc t

Load control thc t

Chin thut share ti

Load control thc t

Chin thut share ti

Load control thc t

Chin thut share ti

Load control thc t

Chin thut share ti da vo cc thng s Idle v ngng 2d.

Load control thc t

Chin thut share ti da vo cc thng s Idle v ngng 2d.

Load Control trong Huawei

Priority trong Load Control

User Priority. RAB Intergrate Priority. User Intergrate Priority.

Load Control trong Huawei

Priority trong Load Control

Load Control trong Huawei

Priority trong Load Control

Rab Integrate Priority:

Load Control trong Huawei

Priority trong Load Control

Rab Integrate Priority:

Load Control trong Huawei

Priority trong Load Control

User integrate priority

Load Control trong Huawei

Huawei a ra 6 thut ton Load Control

Load Control trong Huawei

Load Control trong Huawei

Load Control trong Huawei

Load Control trong Huawei

PUC (Potential User Control)

Load Control trong Huawei

PUC (Potential User Control)

Load Control trong Huawei

PUC (Potential User Control)