....

&

2008

....
&

2008

..6


1.1 .8
1.2 9
1.3 .. ...10
1.4 .11
1.4.1 11
1.4.2 ..12
1.4.3 H. Fayol..14
1.4.4 ..15
1.4.5 17


2.1 ....19
2.2 .21
2.3 ...22
2.4 ...24


3.1 ...27
3.2 29
3.3 29
3.4 30
3.5 ...33
3.6 ..34


4.1 .37
4.2 38

4.3 .41
4.4 ...42
4.5 . ..44


5.1 ....45
5.2 ..47
5.3 .47
5.4 ,.49
5.5 ..50


6.1 ...53
6.2 54
6.3 ....55
6.4 .....57
6.5 ...58
6.6 ..59
6.7 ....63


7.1 ..66
7.2 ....67
7.3 ..68
7.4 .....68
7.4.1 68
7.4.2 69
7.5 ...69
7.6 ..71
7.6.1 ..74


8.1 .78
8.2 79
8.3 ...82
8.4 .. .83


9.1 .86
9.2
.87

9.3 ...89
9.4 90
1.92
2.97
3..104

. ..110
. ...115

.

.
.
,
, ,
,
.

.
K ,


.
,
.
.

.
.
,
.


(, ,
).
.


.

.

,
o
.
, . , .
, . , . ,
K
,
.
,


, .
: ,
, .

, 2008

,
, ,
. (10 - 7 )

. (5 )

,
, ,

. (18 - 19 ..
) .

.
,
.

, ,
, .


. 1
, , ,

.2

,
1

. , 2000, 20.

. ., 1998, 28.

.
, ,
:
1. .


,
,
.
2. .
, ,

.
, ,
,
.
3. .

,
, ,
.
1.2
,
,
,3
,
. ,
, - .
.
,
.
:
- ,
.
- ,
.
- , ,
,

.

. Gidden A. (. .), 2002, 11.

- , ,

.
- ,

.
- ,
.
- ,
.


, ,
. 4
1.3

.

,
. 5

,
, , , , ,
, , ,
.
: ) , )
, ) .
-
, , , .
-
: , 6 ,
4

. : ) Tompson
K, 2007, ) Wharton A, 2006, ) Handel M, 2003, ), Scott R, 1994, ) Reed M, 1992.
5

. ,1997,49.
( ).
,
.
6

,

.
.

10

, , , , ,
.

.
-


.
1.4

. 7
F. Taylor (), M.
Weber (), . Fayol () E. Mayo (),
: )
, ) , ) )
.
.
1.4.1
F. Taylor (1856 - 1917),8
,
.
.

.


.


. Taylor9
:
7

. : ) Jones G, 2003, )
Hatch J, 1997, ) , 1997.
8

. Taylor F, 2003, 24.

F. Taylor . : ) Taylor F, 2003, 24. )

Bennett R, 1997, 14, ) Mullins L, 1996, 40, ) Cumming T - Worlay C, 1997, 335, )
,1997, 76, ) , 2000, 16.

11

-
.
- ,
.
-
.
- .
Taylor 10
""11
, ,
. O Taylor
, , , .
1.4.2
M. Weber (, 1864 - 1920, ),

.


. .

,
.12

: 13
1. . ,

.
.
2. . .
.

10

. , 1998, .1, 28 Bennett R, 1997, 16.

11

Ford, Taylor
:
. Taylor :
, , . .
, 1979, 18.
12

. , 1991, 42 , 1994, 268.

13

. Mullins L, 1998, 46. . : , 1994, 270 . .,

1998, 226.

12

.
3. .

.

.
.
4. .
,
.


.


.
5. .
,

.
, .


.

.14
,
,

,
.
1.4.3 . Fayol
Fayol15 (1841-1925)
. Taylor

14

. Mullins L, 1996, 47 . ., 1998, 227.

15

. : ) Handel M, 2003,
10, ) Mullins L, 1996, 40, ) Cumming T - Worlay C, 1997, 335, ) ,1997, 112.

13

, , 16 Fayol
, ,
. O
Fayol

: ) , ) , ) , )
, ) ) .

, ,17 ,
.
Fayol :18
1. .
.
2. .
.
3. .
.
.19
4. .

, ,
.
5. .

.
6. .
.
7. .
,
.
8. .


.

16

.
.
( ,
.). . Giddens A, 2002, 149.
17

,
.
18

. , 1997, 87.

19

. 2.

14

9. .
, , ,
.
10. .

.
Fayol
,
,
.
Fayol

.20
1.4.4
E. Mayo (1880 - 1949),
,
.
,

. O Mayo 1927,

1924
West electric company
.
Taylor
.
: ) ,
) ,
.
- -
.
.

.

.
O Mayo
Harvard,
,
,
.
20

, 1997, 90.

15

.
Mayo


.21
Mayo22 , ,
.



.
:
1. . , ,
,

.
2. . Mayo
, , ,
,
.
Mayo

.



.
, ,

,
,

.23
, :
) , ) , )
)
: Taylor, Weber, Fayol Mayo ,
21

. . , 1988, 183.
22

Mayo . : ) Mullins L, 1996, 50, )

Bennett R, 1997, 22, ) , 1998, .1, 301.
23

. , 1997, 121.

16

24 J. Moreno
() K. Lewin (). Moreno
, ,
,

. Lewin

Moreno ,
.
1.4.5


.

.25
L.
Berltalanffy (1901-1972)
.
.
,

: ,
, , .


.
.26


.

1960,

. ,

24

. : .)
Jones G, 2003, ) , 2002, ) - , 1994, )
, 1994, ) Dalt R, 2002.
25

. , 1997, 196.

26

. ., 199.

17

.27

.
,
, ,

.
.

.28

27

. , 1997, 204.

28

., 209.

18

2.1
,

. ,
, ,
,

.

. 29

.
: .


.
:
1. .
.
.
,
, ,

30.
2. .
: ) , )
29

. : ) Handel M,
2003, 225, ) , 2001, 55, ) Hodgetts R Luthans F, 1997, 36.
30

. , 1995, 31.

19

, ) .

, , ,
. ,

, : 31 )
,

, )
, , )


. ,
,
.

.
3. . , ,
,
. : ) ,

,

, ) ,

( , .).
4. .

,
.
32 : ) ,
, ) ,
,
)
. 33
, , ,

,
. ,

31

..

32

. Stringer R, 2003.

33

. : ) , 2007, ) , 1999.

20

.
2.2

, ,
.

.

: , , ,
.
1.
.

,
.

.
2.
.
,
.

.
,
, .
3. ,
,
. ,

,
.
4. ,

, ,
. , ,
(
) ,
.
5.
(, , ..), ,
(, ..), (, ,
).
, , .

21

2.3

:34
1. . ,
, , ,
,
, , ,



.
2. .
.
, - ,
- ,
, ,
, ,
,

.35
3. - .
,

.
, ,
,
.
-
. 36


.
,

, ,
( ) ..
34

. : ) , 2001, 84, ) , 2001, 23, ) Handel M,

2003, 371.
35

36

. Pleffer J-Salancik G, 2003, 443.

. Handel M, 2003, 371.

22

4. .
,
.

.
5. .
( )
,
.
, ,
.
,
,
, ,
,
,

, , ..

: ) ,37

, 38 ) 39,
. 40


.
.
.41


, .

37

.: , 1992 Woodward J, 2003, 52.
38

,1997, 415.

39

. , 2002 ,
1999.
40

41

. , 1997, 409.
. ..

23

2.4

.


, .42

.

.
( , , ), (
, , , )

(,

, , , )
.43
44


.
,
, ,
, ,
,
.45

.


.
,
.
-

,
.

, , .
42

.: , 1990 -, 1997.

43

. , 1997, 48.

44

. , 2005, 52.

45

. ..

24

.
.
,

.
.

46 : ) , )
) ()
47.
-


48.
.
,
.
,
,
.49
-

.
: 1)
,
. 2)
,
. 3)
(
, .). 4)
.
46

. : ) , 1998, .2, 11, )

, 1997, 95 190, ) , 1999, 52 61, )
, 2001, 77 103, ) - Descoin C, 1993, ) Mullins L, 1996, 682, )
, 2005, 216, ) Herriot P.et.al, 1989, ) Cook M, 1988.
47

. 3.

48

.: , 2000 , 1978.
49

. Schonewille M,
2001, 158-173.

25

, ,
,


. 5)
,
.50
.51

.
.52

50

. 3.

51

Handel M, 2003, 145.

52

, ,
,
.

26

3.1
, Mayo
.


.

( ).
,
, ,

.
,
.53
: ) ,
) , ,
, ) )
.54

55
56
53

, 2005, 93.

54

. , 1995, 229.

55

.: Levi D, 2001 Paul Hare , 1992.

56

: ) ,1994, 165,
) , 2000, 266, ) Johnson D Johnson F, 2002, ) ,
1997, 63, ) Shaw M, 1981, ) Hacuman R, 2002, ) Kirst-Asman K, 2000.
.: Baines A, 1993 Margulies J Brian K, 1995.

27

,
.
: , ,
, , .

,
,
. 57
:
1. .
. ,
,
.
,
,
.
2. .
,
.
,
.
3. . -

,
.
4. .

. 58
,

.
5. .
,

.

57

. , 2000, 290.

58

: ) , )
, ) )
.

28

3.2

,
.
:59
- .
.
- .
.
- .
,
.
- .
.
- . ,
,
.
- .
, .
- .
.
-

.
- .

.
- .
,
, ,
,
.
3.3

, : ,
, ,
, .
:

59

. , 1995, 231 , 2001, 195.

29

1.

. ,
, , .
: 60 )
, )
, )
, )
.
2.
.
: ,
(, ,
.), (
, , .).
: )
, )
, ) , ,
(), )
.
,
, J. Moreno,
.
3.4


.

,
,

.
61
.

60

. , 1995, 237.

61

: ) ,
2748-2754, ) , 1983, 32-37, ) , 1988, 319, ) Mullins L,
1996, 222.

30

, 62
, , ,
,
.

. 63

,
, .


( ),
- -
( ).
.


.

.

(+)

(-)

+
-

*
+

+
-

+
+
+
+

+
-

+
2

+
2

(+)
2
2
2
3
1
1
1
2
1
2

( -)
2
2
0
1
1
3
2
1
2
2

4
4
2
4
3
4
3
3
3
4

62

. . Ensley M. et.al, 2001, 365-386.
63

, ,
, .. . , 1988, 324.

31

* 10 .


.


: ) , )
( ), )
64, )
65 )
().
66

A
A
A

B
B
B

.
.
.

64

.
65

.
66

: ) (),
) (), ) (), ) (,,).

32

: )
, ) (
), )
, ) .

,
,
.

.
.
3.5

.
.
.
.
, 67 ,
, :
1. .

,
,
.
2. .

,

.
.

, .
3. .
,
.
,
, , ,
.

67

. : ) , 1982, .1, 125, )

, 2000, 111, ) ,1992, 50.

33

4. .
,
.


, .


, .
,


.
3.6


.
:68
- .
,
, .
- .

.
- .

.
- .
69
.

:
1. .
,
,
,
,

,
68

. , 1995, 119.

69

Allison G, 2003, 181. .

, 2003.

34

.
2. .


.
,
, ,
.
3. .

.
: )
, )

, )
, )
, )
( ) )
.
4. .
.
,
.

.


groupthing.70


.

:

,
,
,


.
,
70

groupthing
..
(1961) (1965). .
Janis J, 1982.

35

: ) , )
, ) , ) , )
) .
5. .

.
,
.

, ,
, ,
.71

.
: )
, ) , )
, )
, )
, )
, ) )
.

71

, 2005, 52.

36

4.1
. 72
73
,

.
.74
,
. 75
76 :
1. .
() () .
2. . ,
.
, , , , ..

72

,
, . .
, 1997, 249.
73

: ) Kelly D, 2000, 92-101, )

Moenaert R. et.al, 2000, 360-377, ) - ,1999, ) Baird J, 1977
) Lievens A Moenaert R, 2000, 1078-1110.
74

Gidden A (. ), 2002, 101 , 1995, 78.

. : ) - , 2001, 6-15, ) ,
1994, ) Hargie O, 1989, ) Littlejohn S, 1989.
75

.: ) Zaremba A, 2005, ) May S. Mumby D,

2004, ) Tourish D. Hargie O, 2003, ) , 1983, ) Richmond V, et al, 2004.
76

Verderber R, 1998, 27.

37

()
.. ().
3. . ,
, .
4. .


.
: ) , ) )
. ,
, 77 78
.


,
.

.
5. .

,
.

, ,
, .
4.2

: ) )
.
-
.
.


.

:
.
()
, ,

77

,
.
78

. 4.3 .

38

, , , .
()

. , ,
, ,
.
-

. ,
, ,
, ,
, ..
, ,
(, ) (, fax,
computers, ..).

: ) ) 79.
( )
() ,

.80 H

: ) : ,
,
, )
: ,
, )
: ,

,
.
.

81 : .
- .

, ,
.
79

. Burroughs W - Quinlan J, 2001.

80

Verderber R, 1998, 87.

81

, . . James P, 1998,
233.

39

, ,

.
-

. ,
.

. ,

.
,
.
,
,
.
( )
.
: , , ,
.
- .
,

.
,
.
- ,
.
,
.
,
.
- ,
,
.
- , ,
.

,
.
-
.
. , , ,
.

40

4.3

. 82

.
.
,
,
.
, ,
.

, ,
,
. ,
.

.

.
,
, , ,
.
.
( )
. 83

.
, ,
. ,
, ,

.

. ,
.
. , ,
.

.

82

Verderber R, 1998, 56.

83

. Verderber R, 1998, 68.

41

.


.
( )
. 84


.
.
,

,
.

, ,
.
,
.

.
, 85
. 86

.

.
4.4

, :
-
(, , ,
).

84

. , 1987, 244.

85

, ,
.
86

/ .

42

- . (

,
).
- .
,
,
.
- .

.87
,
,
.
- .
,
, 88 , ,
.

. ,
,
.
.
:
- .
.
,
,
.
,
.

.
- .
. ,
, .
.

.
87

,
, :
, .
88

, . .
, 1984, 86.

43

- .


, .
, .

.
- .
. , ,
, /


.
4.5



89. :90
- .
-
.
-
.
-
, ,
.
- , .
- .
-
.
- ,

.
-
.

89

. : ) Zaremba A, 2005, ) May S. Mumby D, 2004, )
Tourish D. Hargie O, 2003, ) Goodall H. Eisenberg E, 2003 )Tores R, et.al,
2005.
90

, 1995, 249.

44

5.1

, ,
.
.
:

. 91
.
.
: )
, ) , )
. , ,
, ,
.
:
.92
.

.
.


,93 ,
91

, 1987, 98.

92

. ..

93

. Havaleschka F, 1999, 114-132.

45

-
.
:
, , , , ,
,
,
, , ,

, ,
,
, , , ,
,

.94
, ,
, ,
:95
1. .
, , :

,
, ,
,
.
2. . , :
,

,
, ,
, , ,
.
3. .

.
,
,
.

94

. : ) Darbin A, 2001,
) Stogtill R. (. .) 103, ) Fiol C.et.al, 1999, 449-482, ) Gibb C. (.
.), 225.
: )
Popper M - Lipshitz R, 1993, ) Arvonen J - Petterson P, 2002, 101-112, ) Klagge J,
1996, 38-45, ) Horner M, 1997, 270-287, ) Mael F.et.al, 2001, 132-148, ) Harris
P, 1999, 55-58.
95

. : ) Mullins L, 1996, 259, ) , 1998, .1, 151, , . Cattell R Stice G, 170, . Bennett R, 1997, 176, . , 1997, 51 . Hodgetts R Luthans F, 1997, 364.

46

.
5.2

,
. Weber ()96
:
1. .

97,
.
2. .
,


.



.
3. .

,
.
5.3
R. Blake () J. Mouton98 ()
, .

: )
)
.
( 1).
: ) ()
96

: , 1997, 95 Mullins L, 1996, 77

97

. , 2000, 475.

98

. Blake R - Mouton J, 1985. . : Blake R - Mouton J, 1979 Blake R

McCanse A, 1997.

47

, ) ()
.
1

9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

1.9

9.9

5.5

1.1
1

9.1
9

,
.

.
:
1. (9.1).

,
.

.

. ,
, .
2. (1.9).
. ()
() .

,

.
3. .
(1.1),
.


.

48

(5.5).
, .
5. (9.9).


.
,

. ,
, , ,
.

, : , ,
, .
(9.9)
, 99,

.
4.

5.4 ,
O D. cGregor ( 1906-19640)

1960 ,
,.100 :
-
, .
- ,
.
- ,
.

:
-
. ,
.
-

,
.
99

. , 1997, 73 . , 1985, 68.

100

cGregor D, 2003, 108.

49

-
.
,
.
-
. ,
, ,
.
- .
.

, , ,
, ..

Taylor, .

.

,
. O cGregor
101,

.
5.5

,
.102

. : )
,
, ) ,

) ,
. , ,
.

: ) , )
, ) .
101

, : ) Handel M, 2003, 108, )

, 1997, 143, ) , 2001, 243.
102

, 1991, 191.

50

-


.
-

.
-
, , .
, ,
.
, :
1. .
, , ,
, ,
,
.
, ,
.
2. . .

,
.103
,



.
3. .
,
, , ,
, , , , , ,
,
,
,
,
,
, , ,
, ,
.
4. .
.


.
103

: , ,
, . . :
, 1999 , 1995.

51

. R. Tannenbaum W.
Schmidt104

: 1)
, 2)
, 3)

, 4)
, 5) ,
, 6)
, 7)
.

: ,
, ,
.

: )
, )
,
, )
, ) , ,
.
5. .
.

.
.
, ,
, :
, , .
,

, .

104

. Mullins L, 1996, 261.

52

6.1
.
L. Coser (), o
,

, ,


.105

( )
.106
,
. 107
:
- ,
. 108
- ,
.109
105

. Coser L, . : , 1991, 130.

106

. , 2001, 216.

107

. Thompson L Behfar K, 2008.

108

, ,

(, , ..)
(, , , , ..).
109

.
(

53

- ,
.
.110

. 111

,
.

:112
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
6.2
113
:
- . ,
,
, , ,

,
.
- .
.
(,

),
(
, ..).
110

111

Zimmel G. (). . , 2000, 106.
112

, 2001, 215.

113

: ) Hale C, et.al 2005, ) Bennett R, 1997, 140, ) Dalton M, 2003, 149, )

James P, 1998, 228, ) Mullins L, 1996, 723, ) Brown D, 1983.

54

, )
,

.
- . 114

. , ,
.

,

. .

, ,



.
- .
,
, .

,
.

.
6.3

115,

,
.

.

114

115

,
. . Gidden A. ( .
.), 2002, 427.

55

.116

.117 ,
,
,
.118
.
:
, ,
. 119
:
)
, )
, )

, ) , )

.

, , : ,
.
-

.

.
- : ) )
.

.
, ,
,
.
-
.
.

116

, 1998, 86.

117

, 1996, 21.

118

. : )
, 1996, 21, ) , 1998, 65, ) , 1998, 85, )
, 2001, 4-10, ) , 1985, 220, ) ,
1997.
119

, 1998, 100.

56

,
, .

. ,

, , ,
,
,
,

, ,
.
6.4

. .

.120
.
.

.
,

,
, .
,

,
.121 122
, ,
.
,
.
.

,
.

,
120

Giddens A. (. ), 2002, 105.

121

.
. Fontana D, 1993, 65.
122

, 1995, .3, 109.

57

.123
,
, , , ..,
.
,
124.

:
-

.
-
.
-
125.

,
.
6.5


.

.

. 126


, : ,
,
, ..

123

, 2000, 140.

124

, ..

125

.
,
, ,
.
126

,

. . , 2000, 55.

58

, , ,
, .

,

.127
: .
:128
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
:
- .
- .
- .
- .
- ,
.


.
129,
.
6.6
.
, ,
, ,
, .

.130

127

, 2001, 218.

128

. ..

129

.
130

, 1995, . 3, 101.

59

.131
.
.

. 132
:
, ,
.
-
, :
,
, ,

, .

.
.
-
.
.
- ,
,
. 133
: )
, ) )
. ,
,
.
, ,
.
, ,
.
-
.



.
131

Edwards J - Rothbard N, 1999, 85-129.

: ) Lait J, 2001, ) Nelson D - Burke R, 2002, ) Ross R - Altmaier E, 1994.
132

. : ) , 1995, . 3, 105, 42, ) , 1997, 125,

) Bennett R, 1997, 133, ) Fontana D, 1993, 56, ) Mullins L, 1996,116.
133

. Fox S.et.al, 2001, 291-309.

60

.
134

.

,
.
: ) ) .

.
: , ,
, , ,
, ,
. .
: ,

, , ,
, ,
.135

,

.
. .
:
.
, .
.


.
136.

,

.

134

. : ) Bennett R, 1997, 133, ) . .., 1999, 226, )

, 1997, 131.
135

. . .., 1999, 182 Fontana D, 1993, 20.

136

.
Hagihara D.et.al, 1997, 486-494.

61

.

,
.

, , , . 137

, , .
, ,
, .


,
.
,
,
.
, ,

.
: )
, )
, )
)
. ,
,
:
- .

.
- .
, ,

.
- .

, ,


.

137

. , 1995, . 3, 103.

62

.138

:
-

.
- 139

.
-
.
-

.
6.7

.

, ,
, ,

, ,
.140

.

141
142
.
138

, ,
. . Wheeler S - Lyon D, 1992.
139

. . Viswesvaran C.et.al,
1998, 314-334.
140

. Robbins S. .. , 2001, 219.

141

. Irwin L, 2004.

142

.: Kloke K. Goldsmith J, 2000

Hale C. et.al., 2005.

63

143

/
,
.


. 144

.

.

.
: ) , ) , ) ,
) ) .
-
.
-
.
.

.145

, ,
.

.
.
-

.
-

.
.
-
.

143

, 1995, .1, 46.

144

, 1987, 318 , 1993, 242.

. 9.
145

, 1995, .3, 48.

64

. ()

,
.

65

7.1

.
,
.
, ,
,
,
,
,
,
, .
,
,
, , .
146 : )
, , , )
, )
,
, .
. 147

.
, :
, , , ,
, ,
..


: ) ,
) ,
146

, 2005, 175.

147

, 2001, 326.

66

.
: ) ,
)
,
.
: ) ,
,
, )
,
.
7.2
: )
)
.
.
:148
- .
. ,
,
.
- .

.
- .
.

.
, ,
:149
- - .

.
- .


,
,
.
148

,1995, 285.

149

. ., 286.

67

- . ,
( ),
,

.
- .
.

.
7.3
,
, 150, :
1. / .
,
.
2. .

, .
3. .
,
.
4. .

.
7.4
7.4.1
,
, 151.
:
1. . , ,
: 152 ) , )
, )
, ) , )
,
150

. , 2001, 331.

151

. ., 335.

152

. ,1995, 291 , 2002, 419.

68

: , , ,
, ,
.
2. .
,
, .
3. /.

. 153
4. .
.

.
7.4.2

: , ,
.154
-
. , ,
, ,
,

.
- ,

.
.
-
. ,
,
.
7.5

: , ,
.
153

,

..
154

. Hodgetts R, 1987, 113 Auster E, et.al, 2005.

69

1.

,

.


.
2. ,
.
,
, ,

( , , ,
..).
3. .

. ,
,

,


.
4.

.

.
Lewin155
: )
(), )
( ), )
().
,
,
, ,
,
.

155

. , 2002, 348.

70

7.6

.
:
-
.
-
,
, .


.
-
, .

156, ,
:
- .
,
.
-
.
, ,

.
- . ,

,
.
- .



.
- .
,
,
.
- , .
156

.: ) Auster E, et.al, 2005, Leban B, 2005, ) Beitler M, 2003 )
, 2003.

71

- .


,
.
,

,
.
- .
. O
.
157 .
,
. ,
,
.
,
158.
. ,
. 159

,
, : ,
, ,
, ,
,
,
.
, :
, , ,
, ,
, ,
,
.


.

157

. 1.

158

, 1982, . 2, 90.

159

. . : ) Jin P, 1993, 133155, ) Boudreau J.et.al, 2001, 53-81, ) Franco L, 2002, 1255-1266.

72

,

.
.

, , ,
, .
160
:
1. . : ,
, ,
( , , . ),

.
2. .
, ,
,
.

. ,
, ,
,
.
3. .


,
, .
,
, . ,


.
4. . ,
,
. , ,

.
,
:

,
, .

160

. : ) Rothausen T, 1994, 317-336, ) Hochwarter W.et.al, 1998, 296313, ) Judge T Hulin C, 1993, 388-421, ) Hodgetts R Luthans F, 1997, 399.

73

5.

.
.


.161

.
, ,
.

,
,
.
,
,



.

7.6.1
,


. 162
,

.
, , . 163
164
.

,
, .
161

, 1982, .1, 109.

162

.: , 2000 , 1978.
163

. , 2007, 6.

164

. , 1994
, 1997.

74

, .165

.
166
,
.


,
, .167
168

, ,
169
.


.
, ,
:
1. .


.
2. .
, , 170
.171

165

. , 2007, 6.

166

. , 2000,
, 1990.
167

. , 2001, 22-30.

168

: ) Gerder R, 1998,
168-175, ) Howell S, 2001, 326-332, ) McDougall M - Beattie R, 1995, 35-41.
169

.
. , 1999, 419 1999, 69 76 119
125.
170

. , 1997.

171

. , 1997, 240.

75

3. .
,
,
.
: )
)
. , ,


.
.



, , .


.

.

,
.


,
.

:
1. .


.
2.
.

: , , ,
, ,
, 172
..
3. .

.

. ,
.
172

, - -
.

76

, ,
.

77

8.1
173 ,
1970.
174,
,
, , ,
. 175

, . 176
177 , ,
,
. .

.178
.
: )
,
173

.: Ashkanasy N. Et.al, 2004 Cooper C, et.al, 2001.

174

: , ,
, ,
. . Giddens A. (. ), 2002,
404.
175

. , 1995, 74.

176

, 1999, 172.

177

.: ) Handel M, 2003, 347, ) , 1988, 282, ) , 1995, 75.

178

, 1997, 398.

78

, ) ,
,
, ) ,

.179
: 180 )
, ) ) .
, :
, ,
..
.
.
8.2
181 : )
, ) , )
) .
-
.
, ,


.
-
.

.


.

.
-
,
.


.
179

. , 2005, 122.

180

Schein H, .. , 1995, 79.

181

. Handy C, .. , 1997, 387 , 1995, 76.

79

,
.
.
-
.
, ,
.

,

,
,
, , , . 182
, ,
.
, ,
,
.


R. Quinn .183 Quinn
.

.
.
:
) , )
, ) , )
.
-
M. Weber.184
.
, .
-
, .
,
, ,
, ,
182

. , 2005, 53.

183

. Quinn R, et.al, .. , 2005, 134.

184

. 1.4.2.

80

, . ,
, .
-
,
.
: ,
, , ,
, , .
.
-
.

,
,
,
.
,
.185

.
, -
.186
,

.
. 187



, .
,
, ,

.
, ,
,
. 188

185

. , 2005, 136.

186

, 1997, 387.

187

. ., 389.

188

. ., 390.

81

8.3

189,
,
.
190
:
- .
,
,
, ,
.
- .
,
, ,
.
- , .
,
.


.

,

.
-
- .


.
.191
- .
,
, .
- .
.

189

. : )
Truskie S, 2002 , ) Shein E, 2004, ) House R, 2004, ) Kunda G, 2003.
190

. , 1995, 82 , 2005, 148.

191

. , 2005, 59.

82

. ,
: , , , . ,
.
,
.
192
.
193,
,
, ,
, ,
.

: ) ( ), )
(
), ) (
).

,
.


, .

, ,
.
: )
, )

, )
, ) .
8.4


. .
194

192

193

Kunda G, 2003, 363.

. Cameron K Quinn R, 1997.

194

. : Deal .- Kennedy A. Peters T. Watermann R, .. :

,1997, 374.

83

.
,
. 195
/
, , :
- .
-
.
- .
-
196.
,
.
. 197
:
, ,
, ,
, , ,
. 198
( , , ,
),

. , ,

, , ,
.
Peters T. Watermann R.199


..
:
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
195

. , 2005, 126.

196

. , 2005, 128.

197

.,119.

198

. ., 136.

199

. Peters T. Watermann R. .. : ,1997, 376.

84

- .

: 200
- .
-
.
-
.
- ( ).
- .
,
.201
,
,
1970,
.

200

. ,1997, 399.

201

. , 2005, 60.
,
: ) , ,
, ) , ) .

85

9.1

, ,
: . 202


.
,

- 203.


.204 ,
,
, ,
,
,
, 205
.206

202

. : ) Whyte W.F, et.al, 2003, 477, ) Hodgetts R - Luthans F, 1997,

461, ) Bullock A, 1977, ) , 1984, 18.
203

. Handel M, 2003, 458.

204

, 1987, 318.

205

, 1997, 350.

206

. Zuidema K Kleiner B, 1994, 57-63. . : , 1984, 20,

Wilkinson A, 1998, 40-56.

86

207
, 208

.209

, 210
: )
, , )

, )


management, , )

.211

1264 /
1982
. 212
: )
, )
, ) . ,

,
.
9.2

:
. .
,
207

208

209

. Rothschild-Whitt J, 2003, 462.

, 1984, 23 , 1987, 318.
, 1997, 350.

210

.
: ) Jain H, 1980, ) Chiplin B, 1977, ) Bennett R, 1997, 34.
211

Rothschild-Whitt J, 2003, 462.

212

87

.
. .

.213
.

214, , :
1. . :
,
, ,
.
2. .
,
, ,
, .
3. .
, , , ,
, , ,
. 215
4. .


.
, . ,
,
,
, ,
,
.216

213

,

. . , 1998, 100.
214

: , 1984, 52 Bennett R, 1997, 36.

. Rogers J Streeck W, 1995.
215

.
.
,
.
216

. Vassie L
Lucas W, 2001, 479-490 Kogi K, 1993, 88-94.

88

.
, 217

,
: )
, ) ,
, )
,
) ,
.
,



.
9.3

218
.

,
,
.
:
1. .
.
2. .
,

.219
3. .


.

217

B. , 1994, 335.

218

1820. . , 1985, 79.

219

2%
2%
.

89

4. .
,
.
5. . ,

,
, : ,
,
, ,
,
..



.
-
.
9.4

.

.

.220
:221
1. ,
.
2. .
,
, , ,
.
3. ,
.

,

,
.

220

, 1992, 257.

221

. . , 1997, 357 , 1986.

90

. 222 : ) , )
, )

.
: )
, )
,
)
.223

222

. , 1997, 359.

223

. Looise J Drucker M, 2002, 29-52.

91

1.

224
1.
,
.
.
, .
.
225
A. Maslow226 ()
Maslow
:
1.
.
,
, , , ,
.
,
.
,
.
2.
.
.
.
,
224

0 1, 2 & 3
: . . , 2003.
225

. : ) , 1998, .1, 50, ) ,1994, 63, )

, 1999,132, ) Mullins L,1996, 489, ) Bennett R, 1997, 107, )
Hodgetts R Luthans F, 1997, 334.
226

. Maslow A, 1970.

92

3.

4.

5.

. ,
,
, ,
,
, 227.


.
.

, ,
, , ,
.
,
,

.
.

. , ,
, .



.
.
. Maslow

.

,
.


, ,
,

.

227

. Vassie L
Lucas W, 2001, 479-490 Kogi K, 1993, 88-94.

93

2.

228
.


229.

, .
230 -
- .


.

.
,
, ,

. ,
,
: , ,
.
,
.

,
.
.

. 231
228

. , 1982, 50. . : , 1980, 23

. .., 1999, 129.
229

, 1980, 23.

230

. : )
Banks D, 1988, ) Boudreau J.et.al, 2001, 53-81, ) Kroeger O, 2002.
231

:
1920-1930
.
1933
,
.

,
. . , 1984, 99.

94

,
232,
.

233

.
, , ,
.


.
,
: , , ,
, , , ,
, , ,

,
, , , .

, .

.
234 :
1. .

.
2. .

.
, :
, , .235
3. .

, ,
: , , .
4. .
,
,
232

, 1982, 54.

233

.
234

. , 1980 .1, 81 . .., 1993, 83.

235

. . 5.
(. , 1980, .1,
105). ,
, .

95

.
,
S. Freud (), ,
Lewin.
5. .
. Adler
H. Sullivan. Adler

. Adler
. Sullivan,
,

.
6. .
- A.
Maslow C. Rogers -
, ,
,
.
.
,
, ,
, ,
.236

,
, . 237

().
,
,
.

236

. . ., 1993, 100.

237

. , 1992, 246.

96

2.

1.

, ,
.
,
, .

.
, 238
.
, .




.
,
,
.
2.

.

238

: ) Dastmalchian A Blyton P, 1992, ) Cook P, 1996, ) Bartlett R, 1990, ) Baron R, 1991.

97

,
239:
1. ,
.
2. ,

.
.
3.
.
4.
.
5.
.

,
, .
6. H
.

.
3.
:
) , )
, .
, ,
:
1. .
,
, ,
.
2. .

, ,
,
,
.
3. .
,
239

: ) Osigweh C - Hutchison W, 1990, ) Jaffe E, 1997, 9-19, ) Fenley E,

1998, 349-364.

98

, ,
. , ,

,
.
4. .

.

,
,

.

,
,
,
.
.

. 240
, , ,
,
,
,

.
3.1
:
.

, ,
,
.
o :
1. .


240

. . Fenley A, 1998, 349-364.
. : ) Klagge J, 1996, 38-45, )
. , 2000, 73, ) , 1997, 109.

99

2.

3.

, ,
.
. ,
-

.
.

,

,
,
.

3.2


:

- ,

. : )
, )
, , )
,
.
- ,
.


,

.
,
,


. ,
.
, ,

, ,
.
, ,
.

100

4.

, .

.
, , ,
.241

,
. O

.

.
4.1

, .
:
, .
,
,

,
.

.


.

.
.

.

:
241

. , 2000, 203.

101

.

.

.
.

,
.

, , ,
,
. 242

4.2
, 243
, :
1. : )
) .
( )
( ) ,

.
2. : )
) .
,
.
3. : ) )
.
,
.
4. : )
, ) )

.
,
.

242

: )
Kimura S Mourdoukoutas P, 2000, 41-45, ) Mullins L, 1996, 601 ) King
B.et.al, 1978.
243

. : Mullins L,1996, 597 . , 2000, 205.

102

,
.
H : 244
1.
.
2. .
3. standards
() .
4.
.
5.
.

244

. : . Mullins L,1996, 595, . , 1979, 82, .

. , 2000, 208.

103

3.

1.
1.1


,
.
, ,
.


.

.
,
.

.
245 : )
, ) ) ()
.
1.2

, : , , ,
245

. : ) , 1998, .2, 11, )

, 1997, 95 190, ) , 1999, 52 61, )
, 2001, 77 103, ) - Descoin C, 1993, ) Mullins L, 1996, 682, )
, 2005, 216, ) Herriot P.et.al, 1989, ) Cook M, 1988.

104

, ,
.

,
,
.

246
:
- ,
.
- ,
.
- ,
.
- ,
.
-
.
,
. 247
,
, ,

.



.
,


, .

, , ,
.
,
, ,
.

246

. - Descoin
C, 1993, 52.
247

. ., 62.

105

1.3



.

.
248 ,
.
249
:
- , ,
, .

.
-
.
, ,

.

,
.
,
,
:250 )
, )
, )
, )
.

251

,
,
248

.: ) Siem F,1991, ) Motowidlo S - Burnett J, 1995, 239-249, ) Buckley

M.et.al, 2000, 113-126.
249

. Morgan B, 2000, 62. . : , 1993, .2, 130

. ., 1977, 140.
250

. - Descoin C, 1993, 97.

251

.: ) Behr J, 2001, ) Poon J, 2000,

11-18, ) Barclay J, 1999, 134-151.

106

.
(),

252
,
.
2.
2.1
, ,

.253

.
.
:
- ,
.
- ,

.
-
( , .).
-
.
,
,

,


.
- ,
.
2.2

:
- .

.
252

253

. Bennett R,1997, 69 - Descoin C, 1993, 111.

. , 1998, 15.

107

: )
, )
, )

, )
.
-
.
254 : )
.
: )

, )
, )

.
: )
,
, )

. ) .

- -

.

.
- .

() (

).
, , ,

, 255
2.3
( )
:
254

. : ) ,1998, .2, 101, ) , 1985,

137, ) , 1997, 173, ) Robsons C, 2000, ) Wu J Wu N, 1991, )
Baruch Y, 1997, 377-394.
255

. , 2005, 64.

108

.
,
-
.
,
.

,

.
, ,

,

.

109

.
- , .
: , ,
, . , 1999.
. ., , , ..., 1995.
, :
. : . (),
, ,
, 1999.
,
, , 1999, .2 & 3, 69 - 76 119 - 125.
, , , , 2003.
, , , ...., 2007.
. ., , , ..., 1999.
,
, , , 1988.
. - ,
, , ..., 2000.
Descoin C, , , ,
1993.
, ,
, , , 1996.
. ., , , ..., 1998.
Bottomore T. (. .), , , Gutenberg,
1983.
Breakwell G, (. .), , ,
, 1995.
, , ,
, 1997.
Cattell R Stice G,
. : Gibb C. et.al, (.
.), :
, , .

110

. ., , , 1997.
, , , ,
2003.
, , , ,
, 1988.
, ,
, 2001, 23, 56-64.
Gibb C. et.al, (. .), :
, , .
Gibb C, . : Gibb C.
et.al, (. .), :
, , .
Giddens A (. .), , , Gutenberg,
2002.
Giddens A (. .), ., , Gutenberg,
2002.
, , . , , , 1997.
, , , , 2002.
. / ,
, , , 1985.
. - , ,
, Interbooks, 1997.
, , , ,
1998.
, , , , 1999.
, :

, , , 1992.
James P, , , , 1998.
, , , , 1995.
, , , , 1995.
, ,
, 2001, 23, 56-64.
, , ,
, 2000.
, ,
, , 1989.
, , , 1990.
, :
, , 1983.
, ,
, 1991.
, , ,
1993.

111

, - : ,
, , .1, ,
,1998.
, - : ,
, .2, , ,1998.
, - : ,
, , , ,
.3, , ,1995.
, , ,
, 1998.
, , , , 1994.
, ,
, , 1997.
, , , 1984.
,
, , , 1978.
, ,
, 2001, 22, 34-42.
, , , ..., 1983.
,
, , 2001, 22,
4-10.
, ,
, , 1994.
, . : , , ., ,
, 2002.
, ,
, , 2000.
- , , .,
, , 1987.
- , , .,
, , 1997.
- , , .,
, , 2002.
, , , Interbooks, 1992.
, , ,
, 1983.
, ,
, , 2002.
Mann R, ,
. : Gibb C. et.al, (.
.), :
, , .
, , .2, ,
Gutenberg, 1997.

112

, , , Gutenberg, 1999.
, , ,
, 1985.
Morgan B (. ), , , 2000.
, ,
, 1983, .3&4, 32-37&12-22.
, , , , 2005.
, , , , 1982.
. ., , , ..., 1993.
- , - :
. : - ,
, , , 1987.
- , , ,
, 1990.
, ,
, , 1986.
- , , ,
, 1997.
- , , ,
, 1994.
, , , 2001,
20, 22-44.
, :

, , , 1997.
- , :
, ,
, 1998.
, ,
, , 1990.
, , ,
, 2003.
, , .2, ,
1993.
, , ,
, 1987.
, , , , 2001.
, , ,
, 1992.
, , , ,
1998.
, , , ,
1992.
, , ,
, 1999.

113

,
,

, .5, 2748-2754.
, , ,
, 1984.
, , ,
, 1999.
. ,
, , 2001, 19, 8095.
, , , ,
2000.
, , , 2005.
, , , , 1994.
- , Stress management : ,
, , 2000.
,
, ,
2001, 23, 6-15.
, , , , 2005.
, , , , 1998.
Stogdill R, . :
Gibb C. et.al, (. .), :
, , .
, , .2, , , 1994.
,
, , ..., 1984.
, , , , 1992.
, , , Gutenberg,
1987.
, :
, , Gutenberg, 2000.
, :
, , , 1994.
Verderber R. (. ), , ,
, 1998.
, , , ,
1988.
. .,
, , Getenberg, 1977.
Fontana D, (. .), , ,
, 1993.
, ,
, , , 2002.
, , .1&2, ,
, 1980.
, , , ..., 1994.

114

, , , ,
1999.
,
. : ,
, , , 1997.
Hemphill J, . : Gibb C. et.al, (.
.), , , .
, , , Interbooks, 1995.
, , , Interbooks, 2001.
, , , Interbooks, 2001.
, , ,
Gutenberg, 1999.
Winkin Y (. - ), , ,
, 1993.
.
Allison G, Rationality and non-rationality in organizational decition
making. In: Handel M, The sociology of organizations, Sage Pub.,
2003.
Arvonen J Pettersson P, Leadership behaviours as predictors of cost
and change effectiveness, Scandinavian Journal of
Management, 2002, 18, 1, 101-112.
Ashkanasy N. Et.al, Handbook of organizational culture and climate,
Sage Pub, 2004
Auster E. Et.al, Organizational change, Palgvare Macmillan, 2005.
Baines A, Autonomous work groups, Work Study, 1993, 42, 1.
Baird J, The dynamic of organizational communication, New York,
Harper & Row, 1977.
Banks D, The relationship of personality styles to police jop
perfomance, Dissertation: California School of Professional
Psychology, 1988.
Barclay J, Emploee selection, Personnel Review, 1999, 28, 1,2, 134151.
Baron R Paulus P, Understanding human relations: a practical guide
to people at work, Boston, Allyn and Bacon, 1991.
Bartlett R, Economics and power: an inquiry into human relations and
markets, Cambridge, Cambridge U.P, 1990.
Baruch Y, Evaluation quality and reputation of human resource
management, Personnel Review, 1997, 26, 5, 377- 394.
Beardwell I, Contemporary industrial relations, Oxford, oxford
University Press, 1996.
Beitler M, Organizational change, Practioner Press, 2003.

115

Behr J, The unstructured employment interview as a potential source of

gender stereotyping in the employee-selection, Dissertation:
Illinois Institute of Technology, 2001.
Bennett R, Organisational behaviour, London, Pitman Pablishing,
1997.
Blake R McCanse A, Leadership dilemasGrid solutions, Houston,
Gulf Pub. Co, 1997.
Blake R Mouton J, How to improve your management style, New
York, Amacom, 1979.
Boudreau J. et.al, Effects of personality on executive success in the
U.S and Europe, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 2001, 58, 1,
53-81.
Brown D, Managing conflic at organizational interfaces, Reading,
Addison-Wesley, 1983.
Buckley M. et.al, A brief history of a selection interview, Journal of
Management History, 2000, 6, 3, 113-126.
Bullock A, Report of the Committee of Industrial Democrasy, London,
H.M.S.O, 1977.
Burroughs W Quinlan J, Tactical communication confrontation
management, Carrollton, Global Learning Solutions, 2001.
Cameron K. Quinn R, Diagnosis and changing organizational culture,
Jossey Bass, 1997.
Chan K. et.al, The relation between vocational interests and the
motivation to lead, Vocational Behavior, 2000, 57, 2, 226-245.
Chaney L, Intercultural business communication, New Jersey,
Prentice-Hall, 1995.
Chiplin B. et.al, Can workers manage? Westmister, The Institute of
Economic Affairs, 1977.
Cloke K. Goldsmith J., Resolving personal and organizational
conflict, Jossey-Bass, 2000.
Goodall H. Eisenberg E, Organizational communication, Bedford,
2003.
Cook P, The industrial craftsworker: skill, managerial and workplase
relationship, London, Mansell, 1996.
Cooper C, et.al, The international handbook of organizational culture
and climate, John Wiley and sons, 2001.
Cummings T Worley C, Organization development and chance, Ohio,
South-Western College Puplishing, 1977.
Dalton M, Conflict between staff and line managerial officers. In:
Handel M, The sociology of organizations, Sage Pub., 2003.
Dastmalchian A Blyton P, Organizational structure, human resource
practices and industrial relations, Personnel Review, 1992, 21,
1.
Daft R, Organizational theory and design, West Publishing, 2002.
Daft R, Leadership, The Dryden Press, 2002.

116

Day P, Method of learning communication skills, Oxford, Pergamon

press, 1977.
Durbin A, Leadership, Houghton Miflin, 2001.
Edwards J Rothbard N, Work and family stress and well-being,
Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,
1999, 77, 2, 85-129.
Ensley M. et.al, Understanding the dynamics of new venture top
management teams: cohesion, conflict and new venture
perfomance, Journal of Business Venturing, 2002, 17, 4, 365386.
Eppler M Sukowski O, Managing team knowledge, European
Management Journal, 2000, 18, 3, 334-341.
Fenley A, Models, styles and metaphors: understanding the
management of dicipline, Emploee Relations, 1998, 20, 4,
349-364.
Fiol M. et.al, Charismatic leadership: Strategies for effecting social
change, The Leadership Quarterly, 1999, 10, 3, 449-482.
Fogarty G. et.al, Predicting occupational strain and job satisfaction,
Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1999, 54, 3, 429-452.
Folger J, et.al, Working through conflict. Strategies for relationships
groups and organizations, Allyn and Bacon, 2004.
Fox S. et.al, Counterproductive work behavior in response to job
stressrs and organizational justice, Journal of Vocational
Behavior, 2001, 59, 3, 291-309.
Franco L. et al, Health sector reform and puplic sector health worker
motivation, Social Science & Medicine, 2002, 54, 8, 12551266.
Friedman H Schustack M, Personality: classic theories and modern
research, Boston, Allyn and bacon, 1999.
Gerber R, How do workers learn in their work? The learning
Organization, 1998, 5, 4, 168-175.
Hackman R, Leading teams, HBSP, 2002.
Hagihara A. et.al, Type A and type B behaviors, work stressors and
social support at work, Preventive Medicine, 1997, 26, 4, 486494.
Hale C. et.al, Organizational conflict, Sage Pub., 2005.
Hall C. et.al, Theories of personality, New York, J. Wiley & Sons, 1998.
Handel M, The sociology of organizations, Sage Pub., 2003.
Hargie O, A handbook of communication skills, London, Routledge,
1989.
Hatch M.J, Organization theory, New York, Oxford University Press,
1997.
Harris P, Human resource trends for European leaders, European
Business Revew, 1999, 99, 1, 55-58.
Havaleschka F, Personality and leadership, Leadership and
Organization Development Journal, 1999, 20, 3, 114-132.

117

Herriot P. et.al, Assessment and selection in organizations, New York,

Wiley, 1989.
Hochwarter W, Job satisfaction and perfomance, Journal of Vocational
Behavior, 1999, 54, 2, 296-313.
Hodgetts R, Effective surervition, McGraw-Hill, 1987.
Hodgetts R. Luthans F, International management, New York,
McGraw-Hill, 1997.
Hollinshead G Leat M, Human resource management, London,
Pitman Publishing, 1995.
Horner M, Leadership theory, Team Perfomance Management, 1997,
3, 4, 270-287.
House R, 2004. Leadership culture and organizations, Sage Pub,
2004.
Howell S. et.al, Making workers visible, The journal of Workplace
Learning, 2001, 13, 7,8, 326-332.
Irwin L, Human relations in organizations, Hardcover, 2004.
Jaffe E, International marketing textbooks: A citation analysis as an
indicator of the disciplines boundaries, International Marketing
Review, 1997, 14, 1, 9-19.
Jain H, Worker participation: success and proplems, New York,
Praeger, 1980.
Janis J, Victims of groupthing, Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1982.
Jin P, Work motivation and productivity in voluntary formed work team,
Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,
1993, 54, 1, 133-155.
Jones G., Organizational theory, design and change, Prentice Hall,
2003.
Jonson D Jonson F, Joing together: group theory and group skills,
Boston, Allyn and Bacon, 2002.
Judge T Hulin C, Job satisfaction as a reflaction of disposition: A
multiple source causal analysis, Organizational Behavior and
Human Decision Processes, 1993, 56, 3, 388-421.
Kelly D, Using vision to improve organisational communication,
Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 2000, 21,
2, 92-101.
Kimura S Mourdoukoutas P, Effective integration of management
condrol systems for competing in global industries, European
Business Review, 2000, 12, 1, 41-45.
King B. et.al, Managerial control and organizational democracy,
Washington, V.H.Winston, 1978.
Kirst-Asman K, Human behavior, communities and groups in the
macro-social environment, Wadsworth pub., 2000.
Kogi K, Workplace strategies for the control of workrelated risks,
Environmental Research, 1993, 63, 1, 88-94.

118

Klagge J, Defining, discovering and developing personal leadership in

organizations, Leadership and Organization Development
Journal, 1996, 17, 5, 38-45.
Kroeger O, Type talk at work: how 16 personality types determine your
success on the job, New York, Dell Pub., 2002.
Kunda G, Enginearing. In: Handel M, The sociology of organizations,
Sage Pub., 2003.
Lait J, Stress at work: a study of professional in bureaucratic
organizations, Ottawa, National Library of Canada, 2001.
Leban B, Managing organizational change, John Wiley, 2005.
Levi D, Group dynamics for teams, Sage pub, 2001.
Lievens A Moenaert R, Communication flows during financial service
innovation, European Journal of Marketing, 2000, 34, 9,10,
1078-1110.
Littlejohn S, Theories of human communication, Belmont, Wadsworth,
1989.
Looise J Drucker M, Emploee participation in multinational
enterprises, Emploee Relations, 2002, 24, 1, 29-52.
McGrecor D, The human side of enterprise, In: Handel M, The
sociology of organizations, Sage Pub., 2003.
Mael F. et.al, From scientific work to organizational leadership, Journal
of Vocational Behavior, 2001, 59, 1, 132-148.
May S. Mumby D, Engaging organizational communication theory
and research, Sage Pub, 2004.
Margulies J Kleiner B, New designs of work groups: aplications of
empowerment, Empowerment in organizations, 1999, 3, 2, 1218.
Maslow A, Motivation and personality, New York, Harper and Row,
1970.
McDougall M, Learning from learning groups, The Journal of
Management Development, 1995, 14, 8, 35-41.
Melvina M, The influence of leadership and member attitudes in
understanding the nature of union participation, British Journal
of Industrial Relations, 2002, 40, 1, 87-111.
Moenaert R. et.al, Communication flows in international product
innovation teams, Journal of Protact Innovation Management,
2000, 17, 5, 360-377.
Motowidlo S Burnett J, Aural and visual sources of validity in
structured employment interviews, Organizational Behavior
and Human Decision Processes, 1995, 61, 3, 239-249.
Mullins L, Management and organisational behaviour, London, Pitman
Publishing, 1996.
Nelson D Burke R, Gender, work stress and health, Washington,
American Psychological Assoc., 2002.

119

Nikolaou-Smokoviti L Szell G, Participation, organizational

effectiviness and quality of work life in the year 2000, New
York, P. Lang, 1994.
O Reillys-Preffer J, The hidden value, HBSP, 2001.
Ortner H, The human factor in quality management, Accreditation and
Quality Assurance, 2000, 5, 4, 130-141.
Osigweh C Hutchison W, To punish or not to punish? Managing
human resources throught positive dishipline Employee
Relations, 1990, 12, 3.
Patton M, How to use qualitative methods in evaluation, Calif. Sage
pub., 1987.
Paul Hare, Groups teams and social interaction, Praeger Pub, 1992.
Pleffer J Salancik G, The external control of organizations. In: Handel
M, The sociology of organizations, Sage Pub., 2003.
Perrow C, Normal accidents. In: Handel M, The sociology of
organizations, Sage Pub., 2003.
Poon J, Attractiveness and outcomes of job interviews, Management
Research News, 2000, 23, 1, 11-18.
Popper M Lipshitz R, Putting leadership theory to work, Leadership
and Organizational Development Journal, 1993, 14, 7.
Reed M, The sociology of organizations, New York, Harvester, 1992.
Richmond V, et.al, Organizational communication for survival, Allyn
and Bacon, 2004.
Robson C, Small-scale evaluation: principles and practice, London,
Sage, 2000.
Rogers E Agarwala/Rogers R, Communication in organizations, New
York, Free press, 1976.
Rogers J Streeck W, Works councils: consultation, representation
and cooperation in industrial relations, Chigago, University of
Chicago Press, 1995.
Ross R Altmaier E, Intervention in occupational stress, London,
Sage, 1994.
Rothausen T, Job satisfaction and the parent worker: The role of
flexibility and rewards, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1994,
44, 3, 316-336.
Rothshild-Whitt J, The collectivist organization. In: Handel M, The
sociology of organizations, Sage Pub., 2003.
Ruysseveldt J Visser J, Industrial relations in Europe, London, Sage,
1996.
Ryckman R, Theories of personality, Pacific Grove, Brooks/Cole Pub.
Co., 1997.
Scott R, Organizational Sociology, Dartmouth, 1994.
Schonewille M, Does training generally work? : Explaining labour
productivity effects from schooling and training, International
Journal of Manpower, 2001, 22, 1,2, 158-173.

120

Shaw M, Group dynamics: the psychology of small group behavior,

New York, McGraw-Hill, 1981.
Shein E, Organizational culture and leadership, Jossey-Bass, 2004.
Siem F, The use of judgement analysis to enhance the validity of a
seelection interview, San Antonio, 1991.
Smith C, Motivation and personality, Cambridge, Cambridge University
Press, 1992.
Solo R, Economic organizations and social systems, University of
Michigan Press, 2000.
Stringer R., Leadership and organizational climate, Prentice Hall,
2003.
Taylor F, The principles of scientific management. In: Handel M, The
sociology of organizations, Sage Pub., 2003.
Thompson K, The early sociology of management and organizations,
Taylor & Francis, 2007.
Thompson L. Behfar K, Conflict in organizational groups: New
directions in theory and practice, Hardcover, 2008.
Tores R, et al, Comunication and reporting enhancing learning in
organizations, Sage Pub., 2005.
Tourish D. Hargie O, Key issues in organizational communication,
Routledge, 2003.
Truskie S, Leadership in high-performance organizational cultures,
Paperback, 2002 .
Vassier L Lucas W, An assessment of health and safety
management within working groups in the UK manufacturing
sector, Journal of Safety Research, 2001, 32, 4, 479-490.
Vaughan D, Rational choice, situated action and the social cintrol of
organizations. In: Handel M, The sociology of organizations, Sage
Pub., 2003.
Vennix J, Group model building, Chichester, John Wiley & sons, 1996.
Viswesvaran C. et.al, The role of social support in the process of work
stress, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1999, 54, 2, 314-334.
Wainwright D Calnan M, Work stress: the making of a modern
epidemic, Buckingham, Open University Press, 2002,
Wharton A, The sociology of organizations, Oxford University Press,
2006.
Weber M, Bureaucracy and legitimate authority. In: Handel M, The
sociology of organizations, Sage Pub., 2003.
Wharton A, Sociology of organizations, Rovbury Pub., 2005.
Wheeler S Lyon D, Emploee benefits for the employers benefit: How
companies respond to emploee stress, Personnel Review,
1992, 21, 7.
Wilkinson A, Empowerment: theory and practice, Personnel Review,
1998, 27, 1, 40-56.

121

Wu J Wu N, Productivity management of indirect labour through

variable work measurement and control, International Journal
of Operations & Production Management, 1991, 11, 8.
Zaremba A, Organizational communication, South-Western College
Pub, 2005.
Zuidema K Kleiner B, New development in developing self-directed
work groups, Management Decision, 1994, 32, 8, 57-63.

122

.
:
Master .

.

.



(....) :

.

123