Mechanics of Materials and Structures Exercises June 12, 2012

1. Given the following representation of the stress tensor T in a chosen orthonormal basis: 2 1 0 [T] = 1 3 0 , 0 0 1 determine: 1. the invariants, 2. the principal stresses and directions, 3. the spectral representation. 2. The representation of a stress tensor in a not-orthogonal basis is: 0 1 0 [T] = 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 Find the invariants. 3. Let Ii (A) (i = 1, 2, 3) the invariants of a given tensor A. Show that Ii (A) = Ii (QAQT ) for each rotation tensor Q. 4. Show that all the eigenvalues of a stress tensor are real. 5. The relationship between the stress tensor T and the deformation tensor E for a given material is assigned as follows: E= with E and constants. 1 2G T (tr T)I , 1+

2 1. Invert this relationship and nd T as a function of E; 2. show that the principal directions of T and E are the same. 6. The energy density stored by an elastic material is dened as 1 w = T E. 2 Determine the expression of w in terms of the principal stresses. 7. By using the spectral representation of T, determine the maximum and minimum value of the normal stress.