1

,
, :

1.
1.1.
( ) .

, .

2.
2.1.
,
, .
.
.
- .

2.2.
(.1.).
, .

.1.

3.
- 2 -

 ,
( )
.
. .
, ,
.

4.

,
.

( )
, . ,
-
.

4.1.
, ,
.
, .
, - .

5.
- 3 -


-.

5.1.
, .
(.2.).

.2
x, y z ,
,
, . ,
.

5.2. -
,
( )
(.2).


( ) - r , :


r ( x, y , z) .
( ) -

r = x 2 + y 2 + z2 .



- r = r (t )
.

- 4 -

 , ,
.

(x,y,z). 3 .

6. . .
.
6.1.
, .

:
- ( );
- ( ).

6.2.
,
, ( ):

t = t t0 t = t , t0 = 0 .
.

(s).

9 192 631 770

,
-133.

6.3.
- 5 -

 s, , t, (.3).
.3 (x,y).

.3
, , .

(m).

,
1/299 792 458 .

6.4.


r , t,
.




r = r2 r1 .

, t ( .3).

- 6 -

7. .
7.1.
, ( , .).
vcp .

s t:
s
.
v=
t


r


v , .



r t:



r
.
v=
t
,
, t .

7.2.
, .
.
, ,
, ..






r dr
.
v = lim
=
dt
t 0 t
- .

v ,
( .4).

- 7 -

a)

. 4



v = v (t )
.

(m/s).

8. .

, . , .

8.1.


v t , ,

:




v
.
acp =
t
, -

. .

8.2.
,

.

- 8 -

 ,
,
, ..






v dv
.
a = lim
=
dt
t 0 t
. - , . .



dr
, :
v=
dt





d dr d2r
a= =
dt dt dt 2
-
.

(m/s 2 ).

9.


a




at an
( .5).

.5

9.1.


at , ,
, .
, .

- 9 -



at
:
at =

dv
.
dt

9.2.


an ,
,
.
( ).


an :

v2 ,
R
R
( an =

R ).

10.




at an , :

) an = 0 .
.
:

at = 0 - ,

at = const 0 , .


at const , .


at , .


at , .

- 10 -

) an 0 . .

at = 0 ;

at = const ;

at const ;

an = 0

an 0

at = 0

at = const

at const

- 11 -