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My tnh t khi ra i to iu kin v h tr con ngi trong nhiu lnh vc ca cuc sng v ngy cng c coi nh cng c khng th thiu trong hc tp cng nh nghin cu. Chnh v vy, vic nng cao v pht trin kh nng tnh ton v x l ca my tnh ngy cng c cc nh khoa hc, k s cc ngnh quan tm n. Tuy nhin vit c mt chng trnh bng ngn ng lp trnh cp cao phc v tt cho mt lnh vc khoa hc k thut i hi khng nhng phi gii v ton hc, cc kin thc v lp trnh trn my tnh, h thng my tnh ... m cn phi nm rt vng cc kin thc v chuyn ngnh . Ngi lp trnh t c nhng yu ny phi mt rt nhiu thi gian v tn nhiu cng sc. to iu kin cho cc nh khoa hc thuc cc chuyn ngnh khc, ngi ta xy dng nn nhng phn mm x l d liu n gin, tin li. Matlab l mt trong nhng phn mm nh vy v hin nay ang c s dng rng ri. N khng ch cho php tnh ton, m cn cung cp cho ta nhng cng c cc mnh biu din, x l cc d liu, thng tin bng ho. MATLAB l mt phn mm c rt nhiu u im cc nh khoa hc, cc k s la chn: * D hc v d s dng. * L mt phn mm mnh, mm do, trong nhiu lnh vc khoa hc k thut . * Chnh xc, n gin v trong sng.

* ang c cc cng ty phn mm ln trn th gii ng h v pht trin. Trc ht MATLAB d hc v d s dng: MATLAB c cc th vin chun, cc hm sn c bn c th s dng thun li v d dng. Mt khc, bn ch cn nm c mt s kin thc ton hc c bn v i s v lng gic, ton hc cao cp l c th s dng MATLAB nh mt cng c mnh cho cc ng dng ca mnh. MATLAB khng i hi bn phi c nhiu kin thc v my tnh cng nh kh nng lp trnh. Bn c th lp cc chng trnh ng dng cho chuyn ngnh ca bn mt cch tng i d dng, khi bn nm vng cc kin thc sau: + Ton ng dng c bn. + L thuyt s c bn + Mt cht v lp trnh my tnh. + Phng php tnh. Matlab (Matrix Laboratory) l sn phm phn mm ca Math Work, u tin c thit k trn c s ton hc, phc v ch yu n thun cho ton hc. Tuy nhin, ngy nay n c pht trin xa hn nhiu so vi Matlab nguyn thu v l mt phn mm c giao din cc mnh v c kh nng lp trnh gii quyt cc vn , cc bi ton trong rt nhiu lmh vc rt khc nhau ca khoa hc k thut nh in, phn ng ht nhn, t ng ho, nghin cu v gien... Phn t c bn ca Matlab l ma trn. Cc cu lnh ca Matlab vit tng t nh cch m t cc vn k thut bng ton hc, v th vit cc chng trnh bng ngn ng Matlab nhanh hn v n gin hn nhiu so vi vit chng trnh bng cc ngn ng lp trnh bc cao nh Pascan, Fotran, C. Hn th na cu trc chng trnh cng nh cu trc cc hm sn c trong MatLab c m t gn ging vi ngn ng lp trnh C. ii

Iu rt thun li cho nhng ngi bit qua v s dng C cng nh mt loi ngn ng lp trnh c bn khc bt k khc. Thng thng, i vi cc d liu ri rc: d liu thng k - k ton, thng tin v kh hu... c lu di dng ma trn. Cn i vi cc hm lin tc: sng m, m thanh, hnh nh... c bin i thnh cc tn hiu s v c ghi li trong cc file d liu. Sau , ngi ta s dng cc hm ton hc ca MATLAB x l chng mt cch d dng. Cc vn c s c phn tch v gii quyt theo 5 bc nh sau: + Phn tch v biu din vn mt cch r rng. + M t cc gi tr u vo v cc gi tr u ra cn phi tnh ton. + Thao tc vi cc v d n gin + Vit chng trnh bng Matlab + Kim tra li chng trnh ny bng cc b d liu a dng. nng cao k nng phn tch v gii quyt bi ton cn thc hnh 5 bc trn mt cch thun thc. T s tip cn v tm ra c gii php n gin, d hiu v hay nht cho mi bi ton. Di y chng ta s lm mt v d theo theo tng bc trn c th hiu k hn v phng php p dng cho bi ton c th. Bi ton tnh khong cch gia hai Im trong mt phng. Bc 1 Phn tch t vn : Trong bc u tin tin ny, bi ton a ra phi c xem xt nh gi v t vn mt cch r rng v c th. Iu ny cc k quan trng v n quyt nh n ton b hng i ca bi ton sau ny. Cho v d nu trn th vn c nu ra l: Tnh khong cch gia 2 Im ca ng thng trong mt phng iii

Bc 2 M t d liu vo ra: bc ny vic m t thng tin cn gii quyt phi tin hnh cn trng v n s quyt nh n tham s c s dng v tnh ton. Rt nhiu trng hp, s khi c s dng hu hiu cho php xc nh v tr lung vo ra. Tuy nhin mt s trng hp chng ch l cc hp en v rng chng ta khng th xc nh lung ra ti mt Im no trong cc bc. Nhng chng ta c th ch ra thng tin tnh ton lung ra. Im1 Im 2 Bc 3 Thao tc tay: Bc ny dng thao tc v tnh ton bng tay s dng cc tp d liu u vo n gin. N l bc rt quan trng v khng nn b qua k c vi loi hnh bi ton n gin. y l bc tin chng ta i vo c th cho vic tm ra gii php. Nu y chng ta khng th ly c d liu hay tnh c u ra th chng ta c th chuyn sang bc k tip. V d: Vi hai Im P1 v P2 c to ( 1,5 ) & ( 4,7 ) Khong cch gia hai im bng cng thc Pythagorean Bc 4 Gii php bng MatLab Ti bc ny bi ton c chuyn i sang gii php MatLab. Iu c ngha chng ta s s dng cc hm ton hc hay cn gi l cc lnh. V di y bi ton ca chng ta s c m t theo MatLab. >> P1 = [ 1, 5 ] >> P2 = [ 4, 7 ] >> d = sqrt ( sum ( P2-P1)^2 ) ) Bc 5 Kim tra: khong cchgia 2 Im

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Bc kim tra l bc cui cng trong chui cc tin trnh gii bi ton. Chng ta nn kim tra bi ton bng cc d liu u vo. Nu MatLab thc hin xong bi ton th n s cho chung ta kt qu u ra. >> d = ans 3.6056 Trng hp khng c kt qu hay kt qu sai th c ngha MatLab cha thc hin c bi ton v chng ta cn kim tra li bi ton bng c hai phng php bng tay v MatLab. Ngy nay MatLab tr nn thng dng v cc k ph bin hu ht cc trng i hc trn th gii v l cng c tr gip hu hiu cho cc sinh vin, k s hay cc nh ton hc trong nghin cu cng nh trong cng vic thng ngy. gip cc bn tr sinh vin c thm mt cng c na trong tay, chng ti xin trnh by s lc phn cn bn ca MatLab v mt s cc ng dng ca MatLab trong thc t. Bn in ny chc chn s c nhiu thiu st, chng ti rt mong c s gp ca cc bn c v cc ng nghip. Cc tc gi.

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