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CCNA2-1
Chapter 3
CCNA2-2
Chapter 3
CCNA2-3
Chapter 3
Dynamic routing protocols have evolved over several years. As networks have evolved and become more complex, new routing protocols have emerged. The first version of RIP was released in 1982, but some of the basic algorithms within the protocol were used on the ARPANET as early as 1969.
CCNA2-4 Chapter 3
CCNA2-5
Exchange of routing information between routers. Dynamically learn information about remote networks and add routes to routing tables. Determines the best path to each network. Automatically finds alternate paths if needed.
Chapter 3
Advantages over Static Routes: Less administrative overhead. Scales better. Less prone to configuration errors.
CCNA2-6 Chapter 3
CCNA2-8
Chapter 3
CCNA2-9
Chapter 3
Interior Gateway Distance Vector Classful Classless IPv6 RIP RIPv2 RIPng IGRP EIGRP EIGRP for IPv6 Link State
CCNA2-10
Chapter 3
CCNA2-12
Chapter 3
Interior Gateway Distance Vector Classful Classless IPv6 RIP RIPv2 RIPng IGRP EIGRP EIGRP for IPv6 Link State
CCNA2-13
Chapter 3
Chapter 3
CCNA2-15
Chapter 3
Chapter 3
CCNA2-18
Chapter 3
CCNA2-19
Chapter 3
Interior Gateway Distance Vector Classful Classless IPv6 RIP RIPv2 RIPng IGRP EIGRP EIGRP for IPv6 Link State
CCNA2-20
Chapter 3
CCNA2-22
Chapter 3
Interior Gateway Distance Vector Classful Classless IPv6 RIP RIPv2 RIPng IGRP EIGRP EIGRP for IPv6 Link State
CCNA2-23
Chapter 3
Convergence: The network has converged when all routers have complete and accurate information about the network. The speed of convergence is an important characteristic of a network.
CCNA2-24 Chapter 3
Convergence: The routers must: Share routing information. Calculate the best path to a destination. Update their routing tables.
CCNA2-25 Chapter 3
Convergence: Generally: Slower Convergence: RIP Faster Convergence: EIGRP and OSPF
CCNA2-26
Chapter 3
Metrics ?
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CCNA2-27
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Chapter 3
Purpose of a Metric
To route to..
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There are times when a router will have multiple paths to the same destination. Metrics are a way to measure and/or compare routes to determine which route is the best path.
CCNA2-28 Chapter 3
Purpose of a Metric
To route to..
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The route chosen will depend on two things: The routing protocol in use. The metric used by the routing protocol.
CCNA2-29 Chapter 3
Network 172.16.2.0 is: This is the 1 hopIvia route willR2 use. 2 hops via R3
Routing Information Protocol (RIP): Uses hop count as its metric. Lower is better.
CCNA2-30 Chapter 3
The route to network 172.16.2.0/24 is:the This is 56 Kbps R2 route through I will use. 1.54 Kbps through R3
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF): Uses bandwidth as its metric. Faster is better.
CCNA2-31 Chapter 3
The routing table displays the metric for each dynamic and static route. Dynamic routes with the lowest metric are installed by routing protocols. Static routes always have a metric of 0.
CCNA2-32 Chapter 3
All routers are running RIP. R2 has a route to 192.168.8.0 and is 2 hops away.
CCNA2-33 Chapter 3
Load Balancing
What happens when two or more routes to the same destination have identical metric values? The router load balances among all equal-cost paths.
CCNA2-34 Chapter 3
Administrative Distance
CCNA2-35
Chapter 3
CCNA2-36
Chapter 3
Route Source Direct Connect Static EIGRP Summary External BGP Internal EIGRP OSPF IS-IS RIP External EIGRP Internal BGP
Chapter 3
Route Source Direct Connect Static EIGRP Summary External BGP Internal EIGRP OSPF IS-IS RIP External EIGRP Internal BGP
Chapter 3
Chapter 3
CCNA2-40
While not as common, R2 above has learned routes to network 192.168.6.0/24 from EIGRP (AD 90) and from RIP (AD 120). The route learned from EIGRP will be installed in the routing table.
Chapter 3
CCNA2-41
Chapter 3
CCNA2-42
Chapter 3
Static Route AD = 1 After directly connected networks (AD = 0), static routes are the most preferred route source.
CCNA2-43 Chapter 3
Next-hop Address:
ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
CCNA2-44
Routing table display depends on how you issued the command. The AD for both of these is 1!
Chapter 3
Appear in the routing table as soon as the interface is active with an IP address and subnet mask (up and up). AD = 0 is the most preferred route. Cannot be changed No other type of route can have AD = 0. There is no better route for a router than having one of its interfaces directly connected to that network.
CCNA2-45 Chapter 3
To see the AD value of any network, use the command show ip route [route] option. Directly Connected Static Dynamic Routing Protocol
CCNA2-46
Chapter 3