Skkn2012 - Toan - Nguyen Van Hoa - TTGDTX Long Thanh

Sng kin kinh nghim Gio vin: Nguyn Vn Ha!
Trang 1

S GIO DC V O TO NG NAI
n v: Trung Tm GDTX Long Thnh.

M s:

SNG KIN KINH NGHIM

TI:

HNG DN HC VIN GDTX
S DNG MY TNH CM TAY
GII TON TRUNG HC PH THNG

Ngi thc hin: Nguyn Vn Ho
Lnh vc nghin cu:
- Qun l gio dc
- Phng php dy hc b mn: Ton THPT
- Lnh vc khc:

Nm hc 2011 2012
Trang 2

S LC L LCH KHOA HC

I. THNG TIN CHUNG V C NHN
1. H v tn: Nguyn Vn Ho.
2. Ngy thng nm sinh: 09/10/1982.
3. Nam, n: Nam.
4. a ch: Khu 5, p 8, An Phc, Long Thnh, ng Nai.
5. in thoi: 0613844583(CQ)/ 0613529676 (NR); TD: 0988387047.
6. Fax: E-mail: vanhoadn2010@gmail.com
7. Chc v: Ph Gim c.
8. n v cng tc: Trung Tm GDTX Long Thnh.
II. TRNH O TO
- Hc v ( hoc trnh chuyn mn, nghip v) cao nht: c nhn.
- Nm nhn bng: 2004.
- Chuyn ngnh o to: Ton Tin hc.
III. KINH NGHIM KHOA HC
- Lnh vc chuyn mn c kinh nghim: Dy hc mn Ton Tin hc
- S nm c kinh nghim: 07 nm
- Cc sng kin kinh nghim c trong 7 nm gn y:
- Mt s phng php gii ton v vect trong hnh hc 10;
- Mt s kinh nghim gip hc vin yu hc tt Gii tch 12.

Trang 3

Sng kin kinh nghim:
HNG DN HC VIN GDTX S DNG
MY TNH CM TAY GII TON TRUNG HC PH THNG
I. L DO CHN TI
1. Thun li
- c s quan tm, gip ca Ban Gim c trung tm v ng nghip.
- Bn thn c hc cc phng php dy hc mi nhm pht huy tnh ch
ng v tch cc ca hc sinh.
- B gio dc v o to cho php hc sinh s dng my tnh cm tay trong
cc k thi tt nghip, i hc. Hng nm, S Gio dc v o to ng Nai, B Gio
dc v o to u t chc k thi hc vin gii s dng my tnh cm tay gii ton.
2. Kh khn
- Trnh hc sinh khng ng u, a phn hc rt yu, li ngh hc nhiu.
- Bn thn gio vin c t kinh nghim ging dy v my tnh cm tay.
3. L do chn ti:
Hc vin Trung Tm GDTX Long Thnh a phn u khng thch hc mn
ton. Hc vin khi cng, tr, nhn, chia cc phn s, cc s thp phn, cc s
nguyn bng tay thng mt rt nhiu thi gian v cho kt qu thng khng
chnh xc. Do , vic hng dn hc vin s dng my tnh cm tay gii ton l
vic lm cp bch, rt cn thit cho hc vin.
Trong chng trnh ton trung hc ph thng, s dng my tnh cm tay s
gip gii ton nhanh hn khi gii bng tay nh cc dng ton gii phng trnh bc
hai, bc ba, gii h phng trnh bc nht hai n, ba n, tnh cc gi tr lng gic,
tm gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh nht ca hm s, kho st s bin thin v v th
ca hm s, tnh gi tr o hm ti mt im, tnh tch phn Tuy nhin, khng
phi hc vin no cng bit s dng my tnh cm tay gii ton thnh tho. V
vy, gio vin khi ging dy cn phi hng dn cho hc vin bit cch s dng
my tnh cm tay gii nhanh cc dng ton trn. ng thi hc vin c k nng gii
ton tham d cc k thi nh k thi hc vin gii gii ton nhanh bng my tnh
cm tay cp tnh, k thi tt nghip b tc trung hc ph thng Do , bn thn
lun trn tr, tm ti nhng phng php mi, nhng k thut tnh ton mi, nhng
dng ton thch hp hng dn cho hc vin s dng my tnh cm tay gii ton
c d dng hn. Ti xin trnh by nhng kinh nghim Hng dn hc vin
GDTX s dng my tnh cm tay gii ton THPT qu ng nghip tham
kho v ng gp kin cho ti tng bc hon thin hn.
Nhng k thut, kinh nghim ti trnh by sau y c dng vi my tnh
CASIO FX-570MS (c php s dng trong cc k thi) nhm gip hc vin gii
nhanh cc dng ton trong chng trnh trung hc ph thng m i khi cc em cn
lng tng do kh nng vn dng kin thc hoc k nng tnh ton cn hn ch.
Trang 4

Vi mi ni dung u c trnh by dng ton, c php dy phm bm, v d
minh ha v bi tp luyn gii.
D rt c gng nhng thiu st l iu kh trnh khi, mong qu thy c
gio gp , xin chn thnh cm n.
II. T CHC THC HIN TI
1. C s l lun
My tnh cm tay c s dng rng ri gii ton t rt lu. Cc nh ton
hc s dng my tnh cm tay vo gii ton, nghin cu v bit s tr gip rt
ln t my tnh cm tay vo cng vic ca mnh.
S dng my tnh cm tay gii ton hu ht c hc vin, gio vin s
dng. Nhng vic s dng my tnh cm tay gii ton nhanh, chnh xc i hi hc
vin phi bit cch s dng my tnh thnh tho, phi bit cch gii cc dng ton
hc, phi c nhiu dng bi tp a dng luyn gii th mi t c kt qu cao.
Vic hng dn hc vin s dng my tnh cm tay gii ton trung hc ph
thng c trong chng trnh, c th c 15 tit hc mi khi s dng my tnh cm
tay gii ton. Nhng v thi gian c gii hn nn gio vin khng th rn luyn
ht cc dng ton trong sch gio khoa c. V vy, gio vin khi ging dy thng
lng ghp s dng my tnh vo trong cc tit dy. V d nh cc dng ton gii
phng trnh bc 2, bc 3, gii h phng trnh, tnh gi tr ti mt im ca hm s,
tnh gi tr o hm ti mt im,v th hm s bc 2, bc 3, tm cc tr, tm gi
tr ln nht v nh nht ca hm s, tnh tch phnng thi, gio vin cn cho
thm bi tp v nh hc vin t luyn gii, sau gio vin kim tra vic gii bi
tp chnh sa sai st, rt kinh nghim cho hc vin. Sau y l phn ni dung,
bin php thc hin ti.
2. Ni dung, bin php thc hin cc gii php ca ti
PHN I.
HNG DN S DNG MY TNH CASIO FX-570MS
1. M MY, TT MY V CCH N PHM:
M my: ON
Tt my: SHIFT OFF
Cc phm ch trng v DT : n trc tip.
Cc phm ch vng: n sau khi n SHIFT .
Cc phm ch : n sau khi n ALPHA
2. CC LOI PHM TRN MY:
Phm Chc nng
Trang 5

ON M my hoc xa b nh mn hnh
(SHIFT) OFF Tt my
SHIFT Chuyn sang knh ch vng
ALPHA Chuyn sang knh ch
MODE Thit lp ch ci t my (kiu, trng thi, loi n v
o ) hoc vo cc chc nng tnh ton.
(SHIFT) CLR Xa b nh / cc ci t / tr li trng thi mc nh.
AC Xa mn hnh thc hin php tnh khc. (Khng xa b
nh mn hnh)
DEL Xa k t trc con tr hoc ngay con tr nhp nhy.
(SHIFT) INS Cho php chn k t ti v tr con tr nhp nhy hoc b
ch ghi chn.
REPLAY Cho php di chuyn con tr n k t cn sa.

Sau mi ln tnh ton, my lu biu thc v kt qu vo b
nh mn hnh. Cc phm bn cho php tm li cc biu
thc s dng li hoc sa cha trc khi dng li.
RCL Gi li d liu trong nh.
(SHIFT) STO (k
t)
Gn ghi d liu vo nh (A, B , C , D , E , F , X,Y , M)
M+ Cng dn kt qu vo nh c lp (M)
(SHIFT) M- Tr bt (kt qu) ra t s nh nh c lp.
Ans Mi khi n phm = hoc SHIFT %, M+, SHIFT M-, SHIFT
STO, kt qu s c t ng gn vo phm Ans. C th
dng Ans nh l mt bin trong biu thc ngay sau.
-
Nhp du phn cch gia phn nguyn v phn thp phn
ca s thp phn.
a
b/c
Cho php nhp d liu phn s hoc hn s.
EXP n Nhn vi 10
n
Trang 6

(-) Nhp s m

Nhp hoc c pht giy.
(SHIFT)
m/K/M/G/T
Nhn vi
3
10
/
3
10 /
6
10 /
9
10 /
12
10

(SHIFT) Rnd Lm trn s (theo s ch s phn thp phn ci t)
(SHIFT) Rnd# Nhp mt s ngu nhin trong khong 0,000 n 0,999
n (SHIFT) nCr k S t hp chp k ca n phn t.
n (SHIFT) nPr k S chnh hp chp k ca n phn t.

3. CC THAO TC S DNG MY
3.1 Thit lp kiu tnh ton (chn mode):
Trc khi s dng my tnh tnh ton, cn phi thit lp Mode, bng vic
s dng phm MODE cng cc phm 1 , 2 , 3 .
MODE Chc nng
MODE 1 (COMP) My trng thi tnh ton c bn.
MODE 2 (CMPLX) My trng thi tnh ton c vi c s phc.
MODEMODE1(SD)
Vit tt: MODE
2
1
My trng thi gii bi ton thng k 1 bin.

MODE
3
1 (EQN)
My trng thi gii h phng trnh, phng
trnh
- H phng trnh bc nht 2 n: n 2
- H phng trnh bc nht 3 n: n 3
- Phng trnh bc hai (ba) mt n: n 2 (3)
MODE
3
2 (MAT) My trng thi gii ton ma trn.
MODE
3
3 (VCT) My trng thi gii ton vect.
MODE
4
1 (Deg) My trang thi dng n v o gc l pht
giy.
MODE
4
2 (Rad) My trng thi dng n v o gc l radian.
Trang 7

MODE
5
1(Fix) n Ci t ch hin th s thp phn vi n ch s
phn thp phn.
MODE
5
2(Sci) n Ci t ch hin th s khoa hc vi n ch s
c ngha.
MODE
6
1 - C th nhp d liu di dng phn s v c
hn s: n ab/c

;
- Ch c th nhp d liu di dng phn s:
n 2 (d/c).
MODE
6
1 - Ci t ch hin th s thp phn theo kiu
M: n 1 (Dot).
- Ci t ch hin th s thp phn theo kiu
Php: n 2 (Comma).

Ch : Mun a my v trng thi mc nh (mode ban u ca nh sn xut):
n SHIFT CLS 3 = =
3. 2 Nhp, xa biu thc:
Nhp:
- Trnh t bm cc phm ging nh vit biu thc trn mt hng. Th t cc
php tnh theo ng th t quy c trong tron hc. Tuy vy, mt s trng hp cn
ghi du ngoc (chng hn cn ca mt tng )
- Nhp phn s
x
y
bm phm: x
b/c
a y
- Nhp hn s x
y
z
bm phm: x
b/c
a y
b/c
a z
- Cc php ton: + ( cng), - (tr), x ( nhn), (chia) .
- Nng ly tha:
2
a bm: a
2
x ;
3
a bm: a SHIFT
2
x ;
n
a bm: a ^ n .
- Khai cn: cn bc 2 ca a ( a ) bm: a , cn bc 3 ca a (
3
a ) bm:
SHIFT a , cn bc n ca a (
n
a ) bm: n SHIFT a . Nu a l mt biu
thc th phi ghi a trong du ngoc.
- Cc hm log, ln,
x
e ,
x
10 , sin, cos, tan,
1
sin
,
1
cos
,
1
tan ,
(-) s m, : n
phm hm ri ngay sau l gi tr ca i s.
Trang 8

- Nhp n v , pht, giy (gi, pht, giy): pht giy .
Ghi ch: Khi nhn mt s vi cc hm hoc vi bin nh hoc cn hoc [, c
th b qua du nhn. Chng hn 10ln(3x+5) thay v 10 x ln(3x+5); c th b
qua du ) trc du = .
Thm, Xa, Sa:
- S dng cc phm di chuyn con tr n ch cn sa.
- Ghi chn k t mi vo v tr con tr nhp nhy: n phm SHIFT INS g k
t cn chn. b ch ghi chn, n SHIFT INS .
- Xa k t ngay v tr con tr nhp nhy: n phm DEL .
- Ghi k t mi ln v tr con tr nhp nhy: g k t mi.
PHN II.
S DNG MY TNH CASIO FX-570MS GII TON 10

I. CC BI TON V I S:
1. TP HP:
V d 1: Xc nh tp hp sau bng cch lit k phn t:
a.
( ) ( ) { }
2 2 2
A x N: 2x x (x x 2) x x 12 0 = e + + =
b.
{ }
3 2
B x Z: 2x x 13x 6 0 = e + + =
Gii.
a. Ta c:
( ) ( )
2 2 2
2x x (x x 2) x x 12 0 + + =
2
2
2
2x x 0
x x 2 0
x x 12 0
+ =
+ =

x 0
x 1, x 4
x 2, x 3
=
= =
= =

bng cch ln lt n:
MODE MODE MODE 1 2
1 = 2 = 0 = ta nhn c
1
x 0 = v
2
x 2. =
AC 1 = 1 = ( ) 2 = ta nhn c
1
x 1 = v
2
x 2. =
AC 1 = ( ) 1 = ( ) 12 = ta nhn c
1
x 4 = v
2
x 3. =
V 2, 3 N e nn ta c { } A 0,1, 4 = .
b.
Ta c:
3 2
2x x 13x 6 0 + + =
x 2
x 3
x 0, 5
=

bng cch ln lt n:
Trang 9

MODE MODE MODE 1 3
2 = 1 = ( ) 13 = 6 = ta nhn c
1
x 2 = ,
2
x 3 = v
3
x 0,5 =
V 0,5 Z e nn ta c
{ } B 2, 3 = .
Bi tp luyn tp: Xc nh tp hp sau bng cch lit k phn t:
a. ( ) ( ) { }
2 2
A x Q: 2x 1 (x x 1) 2x 3x 1 0 = e + + + =
b.
{ }
3 2
B x Z: 2x 13x 26x 16 0 = e + =
2. HM S V TH
V d 2: Cho hm s
2
f (x) 25 x = . Tnh f(2), f (2 6) , f(6).
Gii.
Ta nhn c bng:
x 4
2 6
6
f(x) 3 1

bng cch n:
( 25 ALPHA X
2
x )
CALC 4 =
CALC 2 6 =
CALC 6
V d 3. Cho hm s:
2
y 3x = .
th hm s i qua nhng im no sau y:
1
A 2 ;4
3
| |
|
\ .
,
( )
B 3;9 ,
1
C ;1
3
| |
|
\ .
,
1 11
D 1 ;4
4 16
| |
|
\ .
.
Gii.
Nhp v phi ca hm s vo my tnh bng cch n:
3 ALPHA X
2
x
- kim tra im A, ta n:
CALC 2
b/c
a 1
b/c
a 3 =
1
16
3

tc im A khng thuc th hm s.
- kim tra im B, ta n:
CALC 3 = 9
tc im B thuc th hm s.
- kim tra im C, ta n:
CALC 1
b/c
a 3 = 1
tc im C thuc th hm s.
- kim tra im D, ta n:
CALC 1
b/c
a 1
b/c
a 4 =
11
4
16

3
1
Math ERROR
Trang 10

tc im D thuc th hm s.
V d 4. Cho hm s:
2
f (x) 2x x 1 = + + . Tm x f (x) 7, = f (x) 2. =
Gii.
Ta ln lt:
f (x) 7 = iu kin l:
2
2x x 1 7 + + =
2
2x x 6 0 + =
1 5
2
x ,
x
=

bng cch n:
MODE MODE MODE 1 2
2 = 1 = 6 = ta nhn c
1
x 1,5 = v
2
x 2. =
f (x) 2 = iu kin l:
2
2x x 1 2 + + =
2
2x x 3 0 + + = v nghim
bng cch n:
AC V V 3 =

V d 5: Tm tp xc nh ca cc hm s sau:

a.
3 2
1
y
2x 5x 4x 10
=
+
b.
1
y
x 1 3
=

Gii.
a. Hm s xc nh khi:
3 2
2x 5x 4x 10 0 + = x 2,5 =
bng cch n:
MODE 1
MODE MODE MODE 1 3
2 = 5 = 4 = 10 =
V
Vy, ta c tp xc nh
{ } D R \ 2,5 = .
b. Hm s xc nh khi:
x 1 0
x 1 3 0
>

x 1
x 1 3(*)
>
1 x 10 s =
Trong (*) gii c bng hai cch sau:
Cch 1: Da trn bin i tng ng tm nghim phng trnh:

( )
2
2
3 x 1 x 1 = =
2
x 3 1 10 = + =
ta n: 3
2
x + 1 =
Cch 2: S dng hm SOLVE, ta n:
RI
2,5
RI
10
Trang 11

( ALPHA X 1 ) ALPHA = 3
SHIFT SOLVE = 1 SHIFT SOLVE
Vy, ta c tp xc nh
| ) { } D 1; \ 10 = + .
V d 6:
Tm ta giao im ca th cc hm s sau:
a. y = - 4x + 1 v
2
y 6x 3x 1 =
b.
2
y 2x 3x 1 = + v
2
y x 2x 5 = +
Gii.
a. Phng trnh honh giao im:
2
4x 1 6x 3x 1 + =
2
6x x 2 0 + =
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
2 2 2
3
3 3 3
A ;
x
x B ;
| |

= |
\ .

| |

=
|
\ .

bng cch n:
MODE 1
MODE MODE MODE 1 2
6 = 1 = 2 =
b/c
a
V

b/c
a
MODE 1
( ) 4 ALPHA X + 1
CALC 1
b/c
a 2 =
CALC ( ) 2
b/c
a 3 =
Vy, th hai hm s ct nhau ti
1
1
2
A ;
| |
|
\ .
v
2 2
3
3 3
B ;
| |
|
\ .
.
b. Phng trnh honh giao im:
2 2
2x 3x 1 x 2x 5 + = +
2
x 5x 6 0 + =

( )
( )
1
2
3 10 3
2 2 3
C ; x
x D ;
=

bng cch n:
MODE 1 Khi to li ch chun
MODE MODE MODE 1 2
1 = ( ) 5 = 6 =
10
1 2
- 0,66666666
2 3
-1
3 2 3
3
Trang 12

V
ALPHA X
2
x + ALPHA X 5
CALC 3 =
CALC 2 =
Vy, th hai hm s ct nhau ti
( )
3 10 C ; v
( )
2 3 D ; .
V d 7: Lp phng trnh Parabol (P), bit rng (P) i qua ba im:
a. A(1; 1), B(-1; 9), C(0; 3); b. A(-1; -3), B( 1; -1), C(3; -7).
Gii.
Gi s Parabol (P) c phng trnh:
(P):
2
y ax bx c, = + + vi a 0 =
a. V A, B, C thuc (P), ta c:
1
9
3
a b c
a b c
c
+ + =
+ =

2
6
3
a b
a b
c
+ =

2
4
3
a
b
c
=

bng cch n:
MODE MODE MODE 1 2
1 = 1 = ( ) 2 = 1 = ( ) 1 = 6 =
V

Vy, ta c Parabol (P):
2
y 2x 4x 3 = + .
b. V A, B, C thuc (P), ta c:
3
1
9 3 7
a b c
a b c
a b c
+ =
+ + =
+ + =

1
1
1
a
b
c
=

bng cch n:
MODE MODE MODE 1 3
1 = ( ) 1 = 1 = ( ) 3 = 1 = 1 = 1 = ( ) 1 = 9 = 3 = 1 = ( ) 7
=
V
V
2
y x x 1 = + .
V d 8: Xc nh a,b Parabol (P):
2
y ax bx 2 = + c nh S(1; 2).
Gii.
S(1; 2) l nh ca Parabol (P) iu kin l:
2
10
3
x = 2
y = -4
x = -1
y = 1
z = -1
Trang 13

1
2
2 2
b
a
a b
= +

2 0
4
a b
a b
+ =
+ =

4
8
a
b
=

bng cch n:
MODE MODE MODE 1 2
2 = 1 = 0 = 1 = 1 = 4 =
V

2
y 4x 8x 2 = + .
Bi tp luyn tp:
1. Cho hm s:

2
1
y x .
4
=
th hm s i qua nhng im no sau y:

1 1
3 3
2 16
A ; ,
| |
|
\ .

( )
2 1 B ; ,
2 1
2 8
C ; ,
| |
|
|
\ .

1 25
1
4 64
D ;
| |
|
\ .
?
2. Cho hm s
2
f (x) x 5x 1. = + + Tm x f (x) 15 = ,
1
f (x) 8 .
2
=
3. Tm min xc nh ca cc hm s sau:
a.
( )( )
2 2
1
y
x 5x 6 2x x 10
=
+ +
c.
1
y
x 4 1
=

b.
3 2
1
y
x 3x 2x 6
=
+
d.
1
y
x 1 3 2x
=
+

4. Xc nh a, b Parabol (P) c nh S, bit:
a. (P):
2
y ax bx 5 = + + v S(3; -4);
b. (P):
2
y ax 3x c = + v S(
3
2
;
1
4
).
5. Tm ta giao im ca th cc hm s sau:
a. y 4x 11 = + v
2
y 6x 3x 4 = + ;
b. y x 2 = + v
3
y x = ;
c.
2
y 18x 6x 1 = + v
2
y 3x 10x 8 = + + .
6. Lp phng trnh Parabol (P), bit rng (P) i qua ba im:
a. A(1; -2), B( 2; 0), C( 3; 4); b. A(-1; 1), B( 1; 7), C( 2; 16).

3. PHNG TRNH H PHNG TRNH
Trong Mode EQN cho php ta gii cc phng trnh bc hai, bc ba v cc h
phng trnh bc nht 2 n, 3 n s dng cc chng trnh c sn trong my.
x = - 4
y = 8
Trang 14

S dng phm MODE thit lp kiu EQN khi ta mun s dng my tnh
gii phng trnh, c th ta n:
MODE MODE MODE 1
A. GII PHNG TRNH BC HAI
Phng trnh bc hai c dng:
2
ax bx c 0 + + =
minh ha phng php gii phng trnh bc hai, ta xt cc v d sau:
V d 1: Gii phng trnh:
2
x 4x 3 0 + =
Gii.
Ta ln lt thc hin:
- n MODE MODE MODE 1 (EQN), khi mn hnh c dng:

- n phm chn bc cho phng trnh, khi mn hnh c dng:

- n phm 2 chn chng trnh gii phng trnh bc hi, khi ta nhn
c mn hnh nhp h s (cho a, b, c) c dng:

- Nhp gi tr ca h s a ( v a = 1 nn n 1 ), ri n phm = , khi mn hnh
c dng:

- Nhp gi tr ca h s b ( v b = -4 nn n 4 ), ri n phm = , khi mn
hnh c dng:

Unknows ?
2 3
Degree ?
2 3
a ?
0

b ?
0

c ?
0

Trang 15

- Nhp gi tr ca h s c ( v c = 3 nn n 3 ), ri n phm = , khi mn hnh
c dng:

- n phm = nhn nghim tip theo ca phng trnh ca phng trnh
(hoc s dng phm ), khi ta nhn c mn hnh c dng:

Ch : 1. Ti mn hnh nhp h s, s dng cc phm , xem i xem li cc
gi tr ca h s ca phng trnh v c th thay i chng nu cn.
2. Ti mn hnh nghim, s dng cc phm , xem i xem li cc
nghim
1
x ,
2
x ca phng trnh.
3. n phm AC tr li mn hnh nhp h s.
4. Vi h s c th lm ko di thi gian tnh.
Tip theo, ta i gii phng trnh trong trng hp n c nghim kp.
2
4x 12x 9 0 + = .
Gii.
Ta ln lt thc hin:
- n phm AC tr li mn hnh nhp h s.
- Ta ln lt nhp (a = 4, b = -12, c = 9), bng cch n:
4 = ( ) 12 = 9 = , nhn c nghim x = 1.5.
Nhn xt: Nh vy, trong trng hp phng trnh c nghim kp th my ch
hin nghim dng x = 1.5.
2
x 4x 5 0 + = .
Gii.
Ta ln lt thc hin:
- Ta ln lt nhp (a = 1, b = - 4, c = 5), bng cch n:

1
x =
3

2
x =
1

Trang 16

1 = ( ) 4 = 5 =
Khi , mn hnh c dng:

- n phm SHIFT Re Im s nhn c phn o ca nghim
1
x bng 1i.
- n phm = , khi , mn hnh c dng:

2
x bng -1i.
Nhn xt: 1. Nh vy, trong trng hp phng trnh v nghim th my hin
nghim s l s phc, phn thc ca nghim s c hin trc. Du
hiu Re Im c hin km gc phi trn mn hnh. n
SHIFT Re Im mn hnh hin phn o (c km i).
2. Phm SHIFT Re Im lm cho phn thc v phn o (c km i)
ca nghim phc ln lt hin ln (nu trc chn Disp l a + bi).
B. GII PHNG TRNH BC BA
Phng trnh bc ba c dng:
3 2
ax bx cx d 0 + + + =
minh ha phng php gii phng trnh bc ba, ta xt cc v d sau:
3 2
x 2x x 2 0 + =
Gii.
Ta ln lt thc hin:
- n MODE MODE MODE 1 (EQN), khi mn hnh c dng:

- n phm chn bc cho phng trnh, khi mn hnh c dng:

RI
1
x =
2

RI
2
x =
2

Unknows ?
2 3
Degree ?
2 3
Trang 17

- n phm 3 chn chng trnh gii phng trnh bc ba, khi ta nhn
c mn hnh nhp h s (cho a, b, c, d) c dng:

- Nhp gi tr ca h s a ( v a = 1 nn n 1 ), ri n phm = , khi mn hnh
c dng:

- Nhp gi tr ca h s b ( v b = -2 nn n ( ) 2 ), ri n phm = , khi
mn hnh c dng:

- Nhp gi tr ca h s c ( v c = -1 nn n ( ) 1 ), ri n phm = , khi
mn hnh c dng:

- Nhp gi tr ca h s d ( v d = 2 nn n 2 ), ri n phm = , khi mn
hnh c dng:

- n phm = nhn nghim tip theo ca phng trnh (hoc s dng phm
), khi ta nhn c mn hnh c dng:

a ?
0

b ?
0

c ?
0

1
x =
2

2
x =
-1

d ?
0

Trang 18

Nhn xt: Nh vy, trong trng hp phng trnh bc ba c ba nghim thc th
1
x ,
2
x ,
3
x hin ln v khng c biu tng R I trn gc phi ca mn hnh.
Tip theo, ta i gii phng trnh bc ba trong trng hp n c hai nghim thc
(trong c mt nghim kp).
3 2
x 4x 5x 2 0 + = .
Gii.
Ta ln lt thc hin:
- Ta ln lt nhp (a = 1, b = -4, c = 5, d=-2), bng cch n:
1 = ( ) 4 = 5 ( ) 2 =
Khi , mn hnh c dng:


Nhn xt: Nh vy, trong trng hp phng trnh bc ba c hai nghim thc
(trong c mt nghim kp) th
1
x ,
2
x hin ln v khng c biu tng RI
trn gc phi ca mn hnh.
3 2
x 5x 8x 6 0 + = .
Gii.
Ta ln lt thc hin:
- Ta ln lt nhp (a = 1, b = - 5, c = 8, d = - 6), bng cch n:
1 = ( ) 5 = 8 = ( ) 6 = .

3
x =
1

1
x =
2

2
x =
1

Trang 19

Khi , mn hnh c dng:


2
x bng 1i.
- n phm = , khi , mn hnh c dng:

n phm SHIFT Re Im s nhn c phn o ca nghim
3
x bng -1i.

Nhn xt: Nh vy, trong trng hp phng trnh bc ba c mt nghim thc v
hai nghim phc ( Khi nghim phc hin ln th c biu tng
RI hin trn gc phi ca mn hnh), ta ch c nghim thc
(mt nghim) m thi.
Bi tp luyn tp: Gii cc phng trnh sau
a)
3 2
2x 5x 8x 5 0 + = ; b)
3 2
x 2x 5x 2 0 + = ;
c)
3 2
x 3x 8x 0 + = ; d)
3
x 4x 0 = ;
e)
3 2
3x 4x 1 0 + = ; f) -8
3
x 2 0 + = .
Bi ton 1: S dng my tnh gii mt s phng trnh khc
V d 1: Gii cc phng trnh sau:
a.
5x 2 x 2
x 1
6 3
+ +
= b. (3x 4)(2x 1) (6x 5)(x 3) 3 + + =
Gii.
a. Nhp phng trnh vo my tnh ta n:
( 5 ALPHA X + 2 ) 6 ALPHA X
ALPHA = 1 ( ALPHA X + 2 ) 3
tm nghim, ta n:
SHIFT SOLVE = 1 SHIFT SOLVE 0
RI
2
x =
1

1
x =
3

RI
3
x =
1

Trang 20

Vy, phng trnh c nghim x = 0.
b. Nhp phng trnh vo my tnh ta n:
( 3 ALPHA X 4 ) x ( 2 ALPHA X + 1 )
( 6 ALPHA X + 5 ) x ( ALPHA X 3 ) ALPHA = 3.
tm nghim, ta n:
SHIFT SOLVE = SHIFT SOLVE
Vy, phng trnh c nghim x = -1.

a. 5x 6 x 6 + = b.
2
4x 2x 10 3x 1 + + = +
Gii.
a. Nhp phng trnh vo my tnh ta n:
( 5 ALPHA X + 6 ) = ALPHA X 6
tm nghim, ta n:
b. Nhp phng trnh vo my tnh ta n:
( 4 ALPHA X
2
x + 2 ALPHA X + 10 ) = 3 ALPHA X + 1
tm nghim, ta n:

Bi tp luyn tp:
1. Gii cc phng trnh sau:
a.
2
3(x 1)(x 1) 5 3x 2 + = +
b.
3 2 3
x 2(x 1) 2(x 1)(x 1) x x 4 (x 7). + + = +
c. 3 x x 2 1 = + + ; d. 3x 5 3 =
e.
2
2x 5 x 2 + = + ; f. 2x 5 2 + =

Bi ton 2: H thc Vit ca phng trnh bc hai v cc ng dng.
V d 1: Gii cc h phng trnh sau:

a.
2
3
4
x y
xy
+ =
b.
19
12
x y xy
xy
+ + =

Gii.
a. Ta thy ngay x, y l nghim ca phng trnh:
- 1
15
1
Trang 21

2
3
2 0
4
t t + =
1
2
1,5
0,5
t
t
=

Bng cch n:
MODE MODE MODE 1 2
1 = ( ) 2 = 3
b/c
a 4 =
V
Vy, h c hai cp nghim (1,5; 0,5) v (0,5; 1,5 ).
b. Bin i h phng trnh v dng:
12 9 7
12 12
x y x y
xy xy
+ + = + =

= =

Suy ra x, y l nghim ca phng trnh:
2
7 12 0 t t + =
1
2
4
3
t
t
=

bng cch n:
AC 1 = ( ) 7 = 12 =
V
Vy, h c hai cp nghim ( 4; 3) v ( 3; 4).
Bi ton 3: Gii h phng trnh bc nht:
a.
3
2
3 2 5
x
y
x y
b.
2
6
2
3 8
x y
x
x
x y
+
=
+ =

Gii.
a. iu kin: 0 y =
Bin i h phng trnh v dng:
2 3 2 3 0 3
3 2 5 3 2 5 2
x y x y x
x y x y y
= = =

= = =

bng cch n:
MODE MODE MODE 1 2
2 = ( ) 3 = 0 = 3 ( ) 2 = 5 =
V
Vy, h c nghim l (3; 2).
b. iu kin: 0 x =
Bin i h phng trnh v dng:
2
2 6 2 6 ( 2)
3 8 2 3 8
x y x x y x x
x y y x y
+ = = + =

+ = = + =

bng cch n:
x
1
= 1,5
x
2
= 0,5
x
1
= 4
x
2
= 3
x = 3
y = 2
Trang 22

AC 2 = 1 = 6 = 1 = 3 = 8 =
V
Vy, h c nghim l (2; 2).

a.
1 1 2
4 1 3 1 7
x y
x y
+ =
+ =
b.
3 1 2 13
2 1 4
x y
x y
+ =

Gii.
a. t
1
1
x u
y v
=
, iu kin u, v 0 > .
Khi , h c dng:
2 1
4 3 7 1
u v u
u v v
+ = =

+ = =

bng cch n:
1 = 1 = 2 = 4 = 3 = 7 =
V
Tip theo:
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
x
x
y
y
=
=

=
=

2 0
2 0
x hoac x
y hoac y
= =
= =

Vy, h c 4 cp nghim (2; 2), (2; 0), (0; 2), (0; 0).
b. iu kin:
1 0
0
x
y
>
>

1
0
x
y
>
>

t:
1 u x
v y
, iu kin u, v 0 > . Khi , h c dng:

3 2 13 3
2 4 2
u v u
u v v
+ = =

= =

bng cch n:
3 = 2 = 13 = 2 ( ) 1 = 4 =
V
Tip theo:

1 3 10
4
2
x x
y
y
= =

=
=
. Vy, h c nghim (10; 4).

Bi tp luyn tp:
1. Gii cc h phng trnh sau:
x = 2
y = 2
x = 1
y = 1
x = 3
y = 2
Trang 23

a.
0 0
.sin45 .cos30 3 2
5
2 3 6
x y
x y
+ = +
+ =
b.
3 3 1
5 9
x y x
x y
+ =

2. Gii cc h phng trnh sau:
a.
5 3
1
2 1
1
x y
x y
+ =
+ =
b.
5 9
100
3 2
3 7
308
3 2
x y
x y
+ =
+

Bi ton 3: Tam thc bc hai.
V d 1: Xt du tam thc bc hai:
2
( ) 7 12 f x x x = +
Gii.
Vi f(x) ta c a = -1 v f(x) = 0 c hai nghim
1 2
1, 2 x x = =
Bng cch n :
MODE MODE MODE 1 2
( ) 1 = 7 = ( ) 12 =
V
Bng xt du :
x 3 4 +
f(x) - 0 + 0 -

V d 2 : Gii bt phng trnh :
2
8 10 3 0 x x + s
Gii.
Ta c:
2
8 10 3 0 x x + =
1 2
0, 75 0, 5 x x = v =
Bng cch n:
AC 8 = ( ) 10 = 3 =
V
Bng xt du :

x 0,5 0,75 +
f(x) + 0 - 0 +

Vy, bt phng trnh c nghim l : 0,5 < x < 0,75.

V d 3 : Xc nh m tam thc sau lun dng vi mi gi tr x :
Ta xt hai trng hp :
Trng hp 1 : Nu m -1 = 0 m = 1
Khi , tam thc c dng : -4x 3 khng th lun dng vi mi gi tr x.
Trng hp 2 : Nu m 1 =0 1 m = .
tam thc sau lun dng vi mi gi tr x iu kin l :
3
4
0,75
0,5
Trang 24

0
' 0
a >
A <

2
1 0 1
5
0,5 0 2 11 5 0
m m
m
m m m m
> >
>

< v > + <

Bng cch n :
AC ( ) 2 = 11 = ( ) 5 =
V
Bi tp luyn tp :
1. Xt du cc tam thc bc hai sau :
a.
2
( ) 9 20 f x x x = + + b.
2
( ) 9 66 121 f x x x = +
c.
2
( ) 8 18 9 f x x x = + d.
2
( ) 3 11 28 f x x x = + +
2. Gii cc bt phng trnh sau:
a.
2
25 100 0 x x + + s b.
2
2 5 2 0 x x + + >
c.
2
2 3 3 0 x x + > d.
2
4 4 1 0 x x + >

II CC BI TON V HNH HC
I. VECT
Bi ton 1: Vect v cc php ton vect
Phng php
Ta thc hin theo cc bc:
Bc 1: Thit lp mi trng lm vic vi vect cho my tnh bng cch s dng
phm MODE , c th ta n:
MODE MODE MODE 3
Bc 2: My tnh cho php lm vic vi ba vect (A, B, C). to vect, ta n:
SHIFT VCT 1 (Dim)
Khi , mn hnh c dng:

ti y, n 1 hoc 2 hoc 3 la chn mt trong 3 tn A, B, C cho vect.
Tip theo, ta n 2 khai bo chiu cho vect.
Cui cng, nhp cc ta tng ng cho vect, gi s l (a, b) th ta n :
a = b =
Ta c th s dng phm con tr hoc di chuyn xung quanh cc gi tr
ta ca vect, t c th hin th hoc chnh sa cc thnh phn trong .
thot khi mn hnh vect, n phm AC .
Ti y:
1. chnh sa ta cho vect nhp chng ta thc hin:
SHIFT VCT 2 (Edit)
Khi , mn hnh c dng:

ti y, n 1 hoc 2 hoc 3 la chn vect cn sa ta .
2. s dng vect chng ta thc hin:
0,5
5
A B C
1 2 3

A B C
1 2 3

Trang 25

SHIFT VCT 3 (VCT)
Khi , mn hnh c dng:

ti y, n 1 hoc 2 hoc 3 la chn vect cn s dng.
3. Hm Abs c s dng tnh di ca vect, ta n:
SHIFT Abs tn vect
4. Cc ton t +, - c s dng cng, tr hai vect.
5. Ton t x c s dng cho php ton nhn mt s thc vi mt vect.
V d 1: Cho hai vect
3
(2; )
2
a = v (0;3) b = .
a. Hy nhp ta hai vect a v b vo my tnh.
b. Chnh sa ta ca vect (1; 2) a = v tnh di vect (1; 2) a = .
c. Tm ta ca cc vect x a b = + , y a b = , 2 3 z a b = .
Gii.
Ta thc hin :
MODE MODE MODE 3
nhp ta cho vect a ta n:
SHIFT VCT 1 1 2 = 2 = 3
b/c
a 2 =
nhp ta cho vect b ta n:
SHIFT VCT 1 2 2 = 1 = ( ) 2 =
b. Ta thc hin:
chnh sa ta ca vect a thnh (1; 2). a = ta n:
SHIFT VCT 2 1 1 = ( ) 2 =
tnh di vect a ta n:
SHIFT Abs SHIFT VCT 3 1 =
Vy, ta c a ~ 2,236
c. Ta ln lt:
tnh x a b = + ta n:
SHIFT VCT 3 1 + SHIFT VCT 3 2 =

Vy, ta c (1;1). x =

tnh y a b = ta n AC sa dng lnh trn thnh VctA VctB ri
n:
=

hoc n t u nh sau :
SHIFT VCT 3 1 SHIFT VCT 3 2 =

A B C Ans
1 2 3 4

2,23606797
1
1
- 5
1
1
- 5
Trang 26

Vy, ta c (1; 5). y =
tnh 2 3 z a b = ta n AC sa dng lnh trn thnh 2xVctA
3xVctB ri n:
=

hoc n t u nh sau :
2 x SHIFT VCT 3 1 3 x SHIFT VCT 3 2 =

Vy, ta c (2; 13). z =
Bi tp luyn tp:
1. Cho hai vect (2; 1) a v (2; 1) b .
a. Hy nhp ta hai vect (2; 1) a v (2; 1) b vo my tnh.
b. Tm ta ca vect 3 c a b = + t suy ra di vect c .
2. Cho ba im A(4; 6), B(5; 1) v C(1; -3).
a. Tnh chu vi v din tch ca tam gic ABC.
b. Tm ta trng tm ca tam gic ABC.
c. Tm ta tm ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC v bn knh ng trn
.
3. Cho hai im A(1; 3), B(4; 2).
a. Tm ta im D nm trn trc Ox v cch u hai im A v B.
b. Tm ta cc trng tm ca tam gic OAB v tam gic ABD.
c. Tnh chu vi v din tch ca tam gic OAB.

Bi ton 2: Biu din vect.
Phng php: My tnh h tr gii bi ton ny bng chc nng gii h phng
trnh bc nht 2 n.
V d 2: Hy biu din vect c theo cc vect , a b , bit (2; 1) a , ( 3;4) b v
( 4;7) c .
Gii.
Gi s:
c a b o | = + ( 4;7) (2; 1) ( 3;4) (2 3 ; 4 ) o | o | o | = + = +

4 2 3
7 4
o |
o |
=

= +
1
2
o
|
=

Bng cch n:
MODE MODE MODE 1 2
nhp ta cho vect a ta n:
2 = ( ) 3 = ( ) 4 = ( ) 1 = 4 = 7 =

V
Vy, ta c biu din 2 c a b = + .
- 13
2
2
-13
x = 1 x = 1
y = 2
Trang 27

Bi tp luyn tp:
1. Hy biu din vect c theo cc vect a v b bit :
a. (1;1) a , (2; 3) b v ( 1;3) c ;
b. ( 4;3) a , ( 2; 1) b v (0;5) c ;
2. Cho bn im A(1; 1), B(2; -1), C(4; 3) v D(16; 3). Hy biu din vect AD
theo cc vect , AB AC .
II. H THC LNG TRONG TAM GIC V TRONG NG TRN
Bi ton 1: T s lng gic ca gc bt k.
Phng php:
Trc tin chng ta thit lp n v o gc l (Deg) bng cch n:
MODE MODE MODE MODE 1
Vic khai bo cc hm s lng gic c thc hin nh sau:
khai bo sinA (tng t cosA, tanA), ta n:
sin A (tng t cos A, tan A).
khai bo cotanA, ta n:
sin A cos A hoc 1 tan A.
Ngoi ra cn c th s dng theo hm s nghch o.
khai bo s o ca gc A c sinA = x (tng t vi cosA, tanA), ta n :
SHIFT
1
sin
x ( tng t SHIFT
1
cos
x, SHIFT
1
tan
x)
V d 1: Tnh cc gi tr sau:
a.
0
sin30 . b.
0
cos45 30' .
c.
0
tan25 30' 48'' . d.
0
cotan30 .
Gii.
a. Ta n:
sin 30 =
b. Ta n:
cos 45 o, , , 30 o, , , =
c. Ta n:
tan 25 o, , , 30 o, , , 48 o, , , =
d. Ta n:
1 tan 30 o, , , =
V d 2: Tnh gi tr ca cc biu thc:
a.
2 0 2 0 3 0
A 4 sin 45 2cos 60 3cot an 45 = +
b.
0 0 0
B tan45 .cos39 .cot an30 =
Gii.
a. Ta n:
x = 1
0,700909264
0,477261218
1,732050808
Trang 28

4 ( sin 45 )
2
x + 2 x ( cos 60 )
2
x
3 x ( 1 tan 45 ) SHIFT
3
x =
b. Ta n:
tan 45 x cos 30 tan 30 =
V d 3. Tm gc nhn x (lm trn kt qu n ), bit:
a. cosx = 0,9589; b. cotanx = 3 ; c. sinx =
2
2

Gii.
a. Ta n:
SHIFT
1
cos
0,9589 =
SHIFT o, , , =
Vy, ta c
0
16 x ~
b. Ta n:
SHIFT
1
tan
1
b/c
a 3 =

Vy, ta c
0
30 x =
c. Ta n:
SHIFT
1
sin
( 2 2 ) =

Vy, ta c
0
45 x = v
0 0 0
180 45 135 x = =
V d 4. So snh :
a.
0
sin20 v
0
sin70 b.
0
cot an2 v
0
cot an37 40'
Gii.
a. Ta n: sin 20 o, , , sin 70 o, , , =
tc l
0
sin20 <
0
sin70 .
b. Ta n: 1 tan 2 o, , , 1 tan 37 o, , , 40 o, , , =
tc l
0
cot an2 >
0
cot an37 40' .
V d 5: Tnh gi tr biu thc sau:
A 2sinx cos2x = + ti x bng
0 0 0
60 , 45 , 30 .
Gii.
Nhp biu thc A vo my tnh bng cch n :
2 x sin ALPHA X + cos ( 2 x ALPHA X )
tnh gi tr ca biu thc ti x =
0
60 , ta n:
CALC 60 =
Vy, vi x =
0
60 ta c 1, 232 A~ .
1
1,5
16,4838
16
0
29
0
1.68
30
45
- 0,5976724
45
27,3408476
45
1,23205080
Trang 29

0
45 , ta n:
CALC 45 =
Vy, vi x =
0
60 ta c 1, 414 A~ .
0
30 , ta n:
CALC 30 =
Vy, vi x =
0
30 ta c 1,5 A= .
Bi tp luyn tp :
1. Tnh cc gi tr sau:
a.
0
sin68 . b.
0
cos65 39' .
c.
0
tan32 10' 24'' . d.
0
cotan45 13' 48'' .
2. Tm gc nhn x (lm trn kt qu n ), bit:
a. sinx 0,3495 = . b. cosx 0,5427 =
c. tanx 1,5142 = . d. cotanx 3,163 = .
3. Tnh gi tr ca cc biu thc:
a.
2 0 2 0 3 0
A 8 cos 30 2sin 45 3 tan 60 = + .
b.
( )
2 2 3 0 ' 4 0
4
B 16 11 .sin 80 1328'' cos 89 33'18''
5
= + +
4. So snh:
a.
0
sin32 v
0
sin65 b.
0
cos29 v
0
cos65 15'
c.
0
tan72 39' v
0
tan45 22' 30'' d.
0
tan72 39' v
0
tan45 22' 30''

Bi ton 3 : Tch v hng ca hai vect.
Phng php :
a. Nu s dng h thc a.b a . b cos(a, b) = th chng ta dng cc php ton s
hc thng thng.
b. Nu bit ta ca cc vect a v b th tnh a . b chng ta s dng ton t
- trong my tnh bng cch n:
SHIFT VCT 1 (Dot)
V d 1: Cho tam gic u c cnh bng
2
5
v trng tm G. Tnh cc tch v hng
AB.AC, AC.CB, AB.AG, GB.GC.
Gii.
Gn gi tr
2
5
cho bin nh X, ta n :
2
b/c
a 5 SHIFT STO X
Ta ln lt c:

0
2 2
AB.AC . .cos60 0,8
5 5
= =
Bng cch n:
ALPHA X
2
x x cos 60 =
1,41421356
1,5
0,08
Trang 30

0
2 2
AC.CB . .cos120 0,8
5 5
= =
bng cch n:
X
2
x x cos 120 =

0
2 2 3
AB.AG . . cos30 0,08
5 5 3
= =
bng cch sa dng lnh trn thnh
X
2
x x cos 30 3 =

0
2 3 2 3 2
GB.GC . . . cos120
5 3 5 3 75
= =
bng cch sa dng lnh trn thnh
X
2
x x cos 120 3 =

b/c
a
V d 2: Cho ba im A(1;1), B(2; 4) v C(10; -2).
a. Chng minh rng tam gic ABC vung ti A.
b. Tnh tch v hng BA.BC v cosB.
Gii.
Chng ta s t tng ng cc vect BA, CA, BC cho A, B, C.
Ta thc hin:
MODE MODE MODE 3
nhp ta cho vect BA ta n:
SHIFT VCT 1 1 2 = 1 2 = 1 4 =
nhp ta cho vect CA ta n:
SHIFT VCT 1 2 2 = 1 10 = 1 ( ) 2 =
nhp ta cho vect BC ta n:
SHIFT VCT 1 3 2 = 10 2 = ( ) 2 = 2 =
a. Khi , ta c:
BA.CA 0 = BA CA ABC A vung ti A
bng cch n:
SHIFT VCT 3 1 SHIFT VCT 1 SHIFT VCT 3 2
=

b. Ta c:
BA.BC 10 =
bng cch n:
SHIFT VCT 3 1 SHIFT VCT 1 SHIFT VCT 3 3
=
BA.BC
cosB 0,316
BA. BC
= ~
- 0,08
0,08
- 0,0266666
2 75
0
10
Trang 31

bng cch n:
( SHIFT Abs SHIFT VCT 3 1 x SHIFT VCT 3 3 )
=
Bi tp luyn tp:
1. Cho tam gic ABC u c cnh bng
1
3
v trng tm G. Tnh cc tch v hng
AB.AC, AC.CB, AB.AG , GB.GC, BG.GA
2. Cho tam gic ABC c cc cnh bng 2, 3, 4.
Tnh AB.AC v AB.BC BC.CA CA.AB + + .
3. Cho ba im A(4; 6), B(1; 4) v C( 7;
3
2
).
a. Chng minh rng tam gic ABC vung ti A.
b. Tnh tch v hng BA.BC v cosB.
Bi ton 4: Cc h thc lng trong tam gic.
V d 1: Cho tam gic ABC, bit 6, 2, 3 1 a b c = = = + .
a. Tnh s o cc gc A, B, C ca tam gic ABC.
b. Tnh din tch tam gic ABC v ng cao
a
h ca tam gic .
Gii.
Gn cc gi tr 6, 2, 3 1 + cho cc bin nh A, B, C ca my, ta n:
6 SHIFT STO A
2 SHIFT STO B
1 + 3 SHIFT STO C
a. Trong tam gic ABC, ta c:
2 2 2
b c a
cos A
2bc
+
=
2 2 2
1 0
b c a
A cos 60
2bc
+
= =
bng cch n :
SHIFT
1
cos
( ( ALPHA B
2
x + ALPHA C
2
x ALPHA A
2
x )
( 2 x ALPHA B x ALPHA C ) ) =
2 2 2
a c b 2
cosB
2ac 2
+
= =
0
B 45 =
bng cch n :
SHIFT
1
cos
( ( ALPHA A
2
x + ALPHA C
2
x ALPHA B
2
x )
( 2 x ALPHA A x ALPHA C ) ) =
Mt khc, trong tam gic ABC, ta c:

0
180 A B C + + =
0 0
180 105 C A B = =
Bng cch n:
180 60 45 =
b. Ta c:
0,31622776
60
45
Trang 32

1
. .sin 2, 366
2
S a b C = ~
Bng cch n :
1
b/c
a 2 x ALPHA A x ALPHA B x sin 105 =

1 2
. 1, 932
2
a a
S
S h a h
a
= = ~
Bng cch n :
x 2 ALPHA A =
V d 2: Tnh din tch, bn knh ng trn ni tip v ngoi tip tam gic ABC c
ba cnh a = 13, b = 14, c = 15.
Gii.
Ta c:

a b c
p 21
2
+ +
= =
Bng cch n:
( 13 + 14 + 15 ) 2 =
S p(p a)(p b)(p c) 84 = =
bng cch n:
( 21 x ( 21 13 ) x ( 21 14 ) x ( 21 15 ) )
=
S
S pr r 4
p
= = =
bng cch n:
21 =
abc abc
S R 8,125
4R 4S
= = =
Bng cch n:
( 13 x 14 x 15 ) ( 4 x 84 ) =

Bi tp luyn tp:
1. Cho tam gic ABC, bit a = 8, b = 7, c =3.
a. Tnh s o cc gc A, B, C ca tam gic ABC.
b. Tnh din tch tam gic ABC v ng cao
a
h ca tam gic .
c. Ly im D trn cnh BC sao cho BD = 5. Tnh di on thng AD.
2. Tnh din tch, bn knh ng trn ni tip v ngoi tip tam gic ABC c ba
cnh a = 6, b = 7, c = 8.

Bi ton 5: Gii tam gic - ng dng thc t.
V d 1: Gii tam gic ABC, bit c = 14,
0
60 , A=
0
40 . B =
Gii.
2,36602540
1,931 85165
21
84
4
8.125
Trang 33

Ta ln lt c:
C =
0 0
180 80 A B =
Bng cch n:
180 60 40 =
sin sin sin
a b c
A B C
= =
.sin
12, 311
sin
c A
a
C
= ~ v
.sin
9,138
sin
c B
b
C
= ~
bng cch n:
14 x sin 60 sin 80 =

Tip n dng con tr sa dng lnh thnh:
14 x sin 40 sin 80 =
V d2 : Gii tam gic ABC, bit a = 14, b= 10,
0
145 A= .
Gii.
Ta ln lt c :

2 2 2
2 cos c a b ab C = +
2 2
2 .cos 22, 921 c a b ab C = + ~
bng cch n :
( 14
2
x + 10
2
x 2 x 14 x 10 x cos 145 ) =
SHIFT ST0 C
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 0
b c a b c a
cosA A cos 20 30'
2bc 2bc
+ +
= = = ~
bng cch n :
SHIFT
1
cos
( ( 10
2
x + ALPHA C
2
x 14
2
x )
( 2 x 10 x ALPHA C ) ) =
o,,,

0 0
180 14 30' B A C = ~
Bng cch n :
180 o,,, 20 o,,, 30 o,,, 145 o,,, =
Bi tp luyn tp:
1. Gii tam gic ABC, bit:
a. a = 137,
0
83 B = ,
0
57 C = b. b = 4,5 ,
0
30 A = ,
0
75 C =
a. a = 11, c= 10,
0
105 B = b. b = 9 , c = 18,
0
54 A =
a. a = 2, b = 3, c = 4 b.
3
4
a = ,
7
4
b = ,
11
4
c =
PHN III.

80
12,3113933
9,13785102
22,9207890
20,5081147

0 0 0
20 30 29

0 0 0
14 30 0
Trang 34

I. HM S LNG GIC
Bi ton 1 : i n v o gc da trn cng thc
Phng php
i n v t sang radian v ngc li chng ta s dng phm o,,,
Ta c
0
180 t = rad suy ra :

0
1
180
t
= rad 0, 01745 ~ rad.
1 rad
180
t
=
0 ' ''
57 17 45 ~ .
V d 1:
a. Ta c
0 0
5
12.5 12 30' 0.218
72
t
= = ~ rad, thc hin:
12.5 =
o,,,
o,,,
180 =
b/c
a
x SHIFT t =

b. Ta c
0
2 2.180
120
3 3
t
= = , thc hin:
2 x 180 3 =
o,,,
o,,,
180 =
b/c
a

V d 2 : i s o ca cc gc sau ra radian :
a.
0
22 30' b.
0
71 52'
Gii.
a. Ta n:
22 o,,, 30 o,,, x SHIFT t 180 o,,, =
Vy, ta c
0
22 30' 0,3927 ~ rad.
b. Ta n:
71 o,,, 52 o,,, x SHIFT t 180 o,,, =
Vy, ta c
0
71 52' 1,2543 ~ rad.

V d 3 :
i s o ca cc cung sau ra , pht, giy :
12.5

0 0 0
12 30 0
12.5
0.06944444
5 72
0.2181661
120

0 0 0
120 0 0
120
0.66666666
2 3
0.39269908
1.25430995
Trang 35

a.
3
16
t
b.
3
4

Gii.
a. Ta n:
3 x 180 o,,, 16 =
Vy, ta c
0
3
33 45'
16
t
= rad.
b. Ta n:
3
b/c
a 4 x 180 o,,, SHIFT t =
Vy, ta c
0
3
42 58'18''
4
~ .

II.PHNG TRNH LNG GIC
Phng php :
1. Vi phng trnh lng gic c bn chng ta s dng cc hm
1
sin ,

1
cos ,
1
tan

tnh ra s o ca gc tng ng.
2. Vi phng trnh bc nht i vi sinx v cosx dng :
a.cosx + b.sinx = c, a > 0 v
2 2 2
c a b s +
bng cch t tan
b
a
o = v
2 2
cos
c
a b
| =
+
ta chuyn c phng trnh v dng:
cos( ) cos x o | =
0
360 x k o | = +

1 1 0
2 2
tan cos 360 ,
b c
x k k Z
a
a b

= + e
+
.
3. Vi cc phng trnh lng gic khc:
Nu ch yu cu tm mt nghim chng ta s dng hm SOLVE.
Ngoi ra, chng ta s dng phng php bit v gii phng trnh i s.
a.
2
sin .
2
x = b.
2
sin( 2) .
3
x =
Gii.
a. Thit lp n v o:
Ta c
0
2
sin( 45 )
2
= bng cch n:
SHIFT
1
sin
( ( ) ( 2 )
b/c
a 2 ) =
Do , ta c :

2
sin
2
x =
0 0
0 0 0
45 360
180 45 360
x k
x k
= +
= + +

0 0
0 0
45 360
225 360
x k
x k
= +
= +

b. Thit lp n v o:

0 0
33 45 0

0 0
42 58 18.6
- 45
Trang 36

Ta c
2
sin0.73
3
~ bng cch n:
SHIFT
1
sin
( 2
b/c
a 3 ) =
Do , ta c :

2
sin( 2)
3
x =
2 0.73 2
2 0.73 2
x k
x k
t
t t
= +
= +

2.73 2
4.41 2
x k
x k
t
t
= +
= +

V d 2 : Gii cc phng trnh sau :
a. cos 3sin 1 x x + = b. 3cos sin 2. x x =
Gii.
Thit lp n v o:
a. Ta n:
SHIFT
1
tan
3 + SHIFT
1
cos
1
b/c
a 2 =
Dng con tr sa dng lnh trn thnh:
SHIFT
1
tan
3 SHIFT
1
cos
1
b/c
a 2 =
Vy, phng trnh c nghim
0 0
120 360 x k = + v
0
360 , x k k Z = e .
b. Vit li phng trnh (a > 0) di dng:
3cos sin 2 x x + =
Ta n:
SHIFT
1
tan
1
b/c
a 3 + SHIFT
1
cos
1
b/c
a 2 =
Dng con tr sa dng lnh trn thnh:
SHIFT
1
tan
1
b/c
a 3 + SHIFT
1
cos
1
b/c
a 2 =
Vy, phng trnh c nghim
0 0
75 360 x k = + v
0 0
15 360 , x k k Z = + e .
Ch : Nu bi ton ch yu cu tm mt nghim cho phng trnh th chng ta s
dng hm SOLVE cho cu a) nh sau:
Trc tin, nhp phng trnh vo my:
cos ALPHA X + 3 x sin ALPHA X ALPHA = 1
S dng hm SOLVE bng cch n:
SHIFT SOLVE 1 = SHIFT SOLVE
Tc l chng ta tm c hai nghim
1
0 x = v
0
2
120 x = .

2
2 3cos 6sin .cos 3 3. x x x + = +
Gii.
Xt hai trng hp:
Vi cosx = 0
0 0
90 180 , . x k k Z = + e
Khi , phng trnh c dng:
0.72972765
120
0
75
- 15
0
120
Trang 37

0 = 3 3 + , v l.
Vy, phng trnh khng nhn
0 0
90 180 x k = + lm nghim.
Vi cosx = 0
0 0
90 180 , . x k k Z = + e
Chia hai v ca phng trnh cho
2
cos 0 x = , ta c:

2
2 3 6tan (3 3)(1 tan ) x x + = + +
2
(3 3) tan 6tan 3 3 0 x x + + =

tan 1
3 3
tan
3 3
x
x
=

0 0
0 0
45 180
,
15 180
x k
k Z
x k
= +
e
= +

bng cch n:
SHIFT
1
tan
1 =
SHIFT
1
tan
( ( 3 3 ) ( 3 + 3 ) ) =
Vy, phng trnh c hai h nghim
0 0
45 180 x k = + ,
0 0
15 180 x k = + .
V d 4: Tm hai nghim ca phng trnh:

2
3tan 4tan 3 0 x x + =
Gii.
Trc tin, nhp phng trnh vo my:
3 ( tan ALPHA X )
2
x 4 tan ALPHA X + 3 ALPHA =0
S dng hm SOLVE bng cch n:
Tc l chng ta tm c hai nghim
0
30 x = ,
0
60 x = .
Bi tp luyn tp:
a.
2
cos .
2
x = b.
1
tan(2 3) .
2
x =
a. cos sin 2. x x + = b. cos 3sin 2. x x =

3. Tm nghim ca cc phng trnh sau:
a. (1 3)sin (1 3)cos 2. x x + + = b. 2sin (cos 1) 3cos2 . x x x =
c. 3sin( ) sin( ) 2sin1972 0
3 6
x x x
t t
+ + =
d.
1
4sin 6cos .
cos
x x
x
+ =
III. DY S - CP S CNG CP S NHN
Thit lp ch lm vic chun cho my tnh bng cch n:
MODE 1
Bi ton 1: Dy s.
Phng php
45
15
30
60
Trang 38

thc hin nhng i hi ca bi ton v dy s chng ta c th chn la theo
2 cch sau:
Cch 1: Da theo cng thc ca dy s.
Cch 2: Da theo phng php lp, c th chng ta bit rng:

n n 1 n
S S u
= + v
n n 1 n
P P .u
=
t dn ti vic s dng 4 bin (ti thiu) A, B, C, D ca my tnh
gn cho:
A = 0 : khi to bin m ( bit chng ta ang xt ti
A
u )
B = 0: khi to gi tr ca
A
u .
C = 0: khi to gi tr ca tng A s hng u tin.
D = 1: khi to gi tr ca tch A s hnh u tin.
Nhn xt: Cch 2 lun t ra hiu qu vi nhng yu cu tnh tng, tch ca n s
hng u tin ca dy s.
V d 1: Cho dy s ( )
n
u vi
2 1
2 1
n
n
u
n
+
=
.
a. Vit 6 s hng u ca dy.
b. Tm xem
2
1
17
l s hng th my ca dy s ?
Gii.
Cch 1: Trc tin, nhp dy s vo my:
ALPHA Y ALPHA = ( 2 ALPHA X + 1 ) ( 2 ALPHA X 1 )
a. Ta nhn c 6 s hng u ca dy l 3,
2
1
3
, 1.4,
2
1
9
,
2
1
11
bng cch n:
CALC 1 =
CALC 2 =

b/c
a
CALC 3 =
CALC 4 =

b/c
a
CALC 5 =

b/c
a
CALC 6 =

b/c
a
b. Ta c
9
19
17
u = bng cch n:
SHIFT SOLVE 19
b/c
a 17 = SHIFT SOLVE
Cch 2: Thc hin nh sau:
Gn A = 0 v B = 0 bng cch n:
0 SHIFT STO A - bin m
3
1.66666666
1 2 3

1.4
1.28571428
1 2 7

1.22222222
1 2 9

1.18181818
1 2 11

19 17

Trang 39

0 SHIFT STO B - gi tr ca
A
u
Ghi vo my dng lnh A = A + 1:
2 1
2 1
A
B
A
+
=
bng cch n:
ALPHA A ALPHA = ALPHA A + 1 ALPHA :
ALPHA B ALPHA = ( 2 ALPHA A + 1 )
( 2 ALPHA A 1 )
a. Bt u thc hin tnh bng cch n lin tip phm = nh sau:
Vi
1
u th:
= - tc ang xt
1
u
= - tc
1
u = 3
n tip:
= - tc ang xt
2
u
= - tc
2
1.667 u ~
n tip:
= - tc ang xt
3
u
= - tc
3
1.4 u =
n tip:
= - tc ang xt
4
u
= - tc
4
1.286 u ~
n tip:
= - tc ang xt
5
u
= - tc
5
1.222 u ~
n tip:
= - tc ang xt
6
u
= - tc
6
1.182 u ~
b. Tip tc vi phm = chng ta nhn thy khi A = 9 th gi tr ca
2
1
17
B = , tc l
9
2
1
17
u = .
V d 2: Cho dy s ( )
n
u vi
2 1
2
n
n n
u

= .
a. Tnh gi tr ca
2
u ,
4
u ,
8
u .
b. Tm xem
2047
2048
n
u = l s hng th my ca dy s ?
Gii.
Trc tin, nhp dy s vo my:
ALPHA Y ALPHA = ( 2 ^ ALPHA X 1 ) 2 ^ ALPHA X
A = 1

B = 1

B =1.66666

A = 2

B = 1.4

A = 3

B =1.285714

A = 4

B =1.222222

A = 5

B =1.181818

A = 6

Trang 40

Ta nhn c
2
3
4
u = ,
4
15
16
u = ,
8
255
156
u = bng cch n:
CALC 2 =

b/c
a
CALC 4 =

b/c
a
CALC 8 =

b/c
a
b. Ta c
11
2047
2048
u = bng cch n:
SHIFT SOLVE 2047
b/c
a 2048 = SHIFT
V d 3 : Cho dy s ( )
n
u vi 3 .
n
n
u n = . Vit 4 s hng u ca dy v tnh tng
4
S
v tch
4
P ca 4 s hng .
Gii.
Thc hin nh sau :
Gn A = 0, B = 0, C = 0 v D = 1 bng cch n :
A
u
0 SHIFT STO C - gi tr ca tng
A
S
1 SHIFT STO D - gi tr ca tch
A
P
Ghi vo my dng lnh:
1: 3 : :
A
A A B A C C B D D B = + = = + =
bng cch n:
ALPHA B ALPHA = 3 ^ ALPHA A ALPHA A ALPHA :
ALPHA C ALPHA = ALPHA C + ALPHA B ALPHA :
ALPHA D ALPHA = ALPHA D ALPHA B
Bt u thc hin tnh bng cch n lin tip phm = nh sau:
= - tc ang xt
1
u
= - - tc
1
3 u =
= - gi tr ca
1
S
= - gi tr ca
1
P
n tip:
= - tc ang xt
2
u
= - tc
2
18 u =
= - gi tr ca
2
S
= - gi tr ca
2
P
0.75

3 4

15 16

0.9375

255 256
0.99609375
11

A = 1
11

B = 3
11

C = 3
11

D = 3
11

C = 21
11

D = 54
11

A = 2
11

B = 18
11

Trang 41

n tip:
= - tc ang xt
3
u
= - tc
3
81 u =
= - gi tr ca
3
S
= - gi tr ca
3
P
n tip:
= - tc ang xt
4
u
= - tc
4
324 u =
= - gi tr ca
4
S
= - gi tr ca
4
P

V d 4: Cho dy s ( )
n
u tha mn:

1
1
3
2 , 1
n n
u
u u n
+
=
= >

Vit 4 s hng u ca dy ri tnh tng
4
S v tch
4
P ca 4 s hng .
Gii.
Thc hin nh sau :
Gn A = 1, B = 3, C = 3 v D = 3 bng cch n :
A
u
A
S
A
P
Ghi vo my dng lnh:
1: 2 : : A A B B C C B D D B = + = = + =
bng cch n:
ALPHA B ALPHA = 2 ALPHA B ALPHA :
ALPHA D ALPHA = ALPHA D ALPHA B
n tip:
= - tc ang xt
2
u
= - tc
2
6 u =
= - gi tr ca
2
S
= - gi tr ca
2
P
n tip:
= - tc ang xt
3
u
C = 102
11

D = 4374
11

A = 3
11

B = 81
11

C = 426
11

D = 417176
11

A = 4
11

B = 324
11

C = 9
11

D = 18
11

A = 2
11

B = 6
11

A = 3
11

Trang 42

= - tc
3
12 u =
= - gi tr ca
3
S
= - gi tr ca
3
P
n tip:
= - tc ang xt
4
u
= - tc
4
324 u =
= - gi tr ca
4
S
= - gi tr ca
4
P
V d 5: Cho dy s ( )
n
u tha mn:

1 2
2 1
3, 2
3 2 , 3
n n n
u u
u u u n

= =
= >

7
S v tch
7
P ca 7 s hng .
Gii.
Thc hin nh sau :
Gn A = 2, B = 3, X = 2, C = 5 v D = 6 bng cch n :
1
u
2 SHIFT STO X - gi tr ca
2
u
A
S
A
P
Ghi vo my dng lnh:
1: 3 2 : : : A A B B X C C B D D B = + = = + =
1: 3 2 : : A A X X B C C X D D X = + = = + =
bng cch n:
ALPHA B ALPHA = 3 ALPHA B 2 ALPHA X ALPHA :
ALPHA D ALPHA = ALPHA D ALPHA B ALPHA :

ALPHA X ALPHA = 3 ALPHA X 2 ALPHA B ALPHA :
ALPHA C ALPHA = ALPHA C + ALPHA X ALPHA :
ALPHA D ALPHA = ALPHA D ALPHA X

= - tc ang xt
3
u
= - tc
3
5 u =
C = 21
11

D = 216
B = 12
11

C = 45
11

D = 5184
A = 4
11

B = 24
11

A = 3
11

B = 5
11

Trang 43

= - gi tr ca
3
S
= - gi tr ca
3
P
n tip:
= - tc ang xt
4
u
= - tc
4
4 u =
= - gi tr ca
4
S
= - gi tr ca
4
P
n tip:
= - tc ang xt
5
u
= - tc
5
23 u =
= - gi tr ca
5
S
= - gi tr ca
5
P
n tip:
= - tc ang xt
6
u
= - tc
6
58 u =
= - gi tr ca
6
S
= - gi tr ca
6
P
n tip:
= - tc ang xt
7
u
= - tc
7
185 u =
= - gi tr ca
7
S
= - gi tr ca
7
P
Bi tp luyn tp:
1. Cho dy s ( )
n
u vi
1
2 1
n
n
u
n
.
a.Vit 4 s hng u ca dy.
b. Tm xem
2
5
2. Cho dy s ( )
n
u vi
2
1
36
n
n
u
n

=
+
.
b. Tm xem
7
10
3. Cho dy s ( )
n
u vi
2 1
3.2
n
n
u

= .
b. Tm xem 393216 l s hng th my ca dy s ?
4. Cho dy s ( )
n
u tha mn:
C = 10
11

D = 30
C = 6
11

D = -120
A = 4
11

X = - 4
11

C = 29
11

D = -2760
A = 5
11

B = 23
11

C = -29
11

D =160080
A = 6
11

X = -58
11

C = 156
11

D=29614800
A = 7
11

B = 185
11

Trang 44

1
1
3
2 1, 1
n n
u
u u n
+
=
= + >

9
S v tch
9
P ca 9 s .
5. Cho dy s ( )
n
u tha mn:

1 2
1 2
2, 3
3 2 , 3
n n n
u u
u u u n

= =
= >

9
S v tch
9
P ca 8 s .
Bi ton 2: Cp s cng, cp s nhn
V d 6: Cho cp s cng ( )
n
u tha mn
2 3 5
10 u u u + = v
1 6
17 u u + = .
a. Tm s hng u v cng sai.
b. Tnh tng s ca 20 s hng u.
c. Tnh tng
5 6 24
... . S u u u = + + +
Gii.
a. Gi d l cng sai ca cp s cng ( )
n
u , ta c:
2 3 5
1 6
10
17
u u u
u u
+ =
+ =

1 1 1
1 1
( ) ( 2 ) ( 4 ) 10
( 5 ) 17
u d u d u d
u u d
+ + + + =
+ + =

1
1
3 10
2 5 17
u d
u d
+ =
+ =

1
1
3
u
d
=

bng cch n:
MODE MODE MODE 1 2
1 = 3 = 10 = 2 = 5 = 17 =
V
Vy, cp s cng ( )
n
u c
1
1 u = v d = 3.
b. Ta c
20
590 S = bng cch n:
MODE 1
20 ( 2 1 + ( 20 1 ) 3 ) 2 =
c. Ta c 1 3( 1)
n
u n = + do s i tnh
3
u v
24
u ri p dng cng thc tnh tng
th 2 nhn c
20
847 S = nh sau:
1 + 3 ( ALPHA X 1 )
CALC 3 =
CALC 24 =
22 ( 7 + 70 ) 2 =
V d 7: Cho cp s nhn ( )
n
u tha mn
4 2
72 u u = v
5 3
144 u u = .
a. Tm s hng u v cng bi.
b. Tnh tng s ca 10 s hng u.
c. Tnh tng
3 6 12
' ... S u u u = + + + .
Gii.
x = 1
11

y = 3
11

590
11

7
11

70
11

847
11

Trang 45

a. Gi q l cng bi ca cp s nhn ( )
n
u , ta c:
4 2
5 3
72
144
u u
u u
=

3
1 1
4 2
1 1
. . 72
. . 144
u q u q
u q u q
=

3
1
4 2
1
.( ) 72
.( ) 144
u q q
u q q
=

3
4 2
1
2
q q
q q
q = 2
1
12 u = .
Vy, cp s nhn ( )
n
u c
1
12 u = v q = 2.
b. Ta c:

10 10
20 1 2 10 1
1 2 1
... . 12. 12276
1 2 1
q
S u u u u
q

= + + + = = =

bng cch n:
12 ( 2 ^ 10 1 ) ( 2 1 ) =
c. Ta c:

3 6 12
' ... S u u u = + + + =
10 10
2
3
1 2 1
. 12.2 49104
1 2 1
q
u
q

= =

Bng cch n:
12 2
2
x ( 2 ^ 10 1 ) ( 2 1 ) =
Bi tp luyn tp:
1. Cho cp s cng ( )
n
u tha mn
2 3 5
10 u u u + = v
4 6
26 u u + = .
a.Tm s hng u v cng sai.
b.Tnh tng s ca 20 s hng u.
c.Tnh tng
4 6 44
' ... . S u u u = + + +
2. Cho cp s nhn ( )
n
u tha mn
4 2
12 u u = v
5 3
24 u u = .
a.Tm s hng u v cng bi.
b.Tnh tng s ca 10 s hng u.
c.Tnh tng
3 6 12
' ... S u u u = + + + .
IV. TNH GI TR O HM TI MT IM
Phn ny s miu t cho ta thy phng php s dng my tnh fx-570MS tnh
gi tr ca o hm ti mt im.
S dng phm MODE thit lp kiu COMP khi ta mun s dng my tnh
tnh o hm, c th ta n:
MODE 1
tnh gi tr o hm ca hm s f(x) ti im a, ta khai bo theo c php:
SHIFT d / dx < hm s f(x) > , a ) =
V d 1: Cho hm s
2
y 3x 5x 2 = + . Tnh gi tr ca o hm ti x = 2.
Gii.
12276

49104

Trang 46

Ta ln lt thc hin:
- n MODE 1 - Thit lp kiu COMP.
- Khai bo v tnh ton:
SHIFT d / dx ( 3 ALPHA X
2
x 5 ALPHA X + 2 , 2 ) =
Ta nhn c y'(2) 1.75 =
Ch : Vi hm s y 2x 1 = + c
1
y'
2x 1
=
+
v do y'(0) 1 = . Tuy nhin, khi
s dng my tnh vi khai bo:
SHIFT d / dx ( 2 ALPHA X + 1 ) , 0 ) =
Chng ta s nhn c kt qu bng 0.99999988, iu c ngha l c s sai s
ca my tnh. khc phc iu ny chng ta s dng khai bo y dng:
SHIFT d / dx < hm s f(x) > , a , A ) =
vi A= 0.00001, c th:
SHIFT d / dx ( 2 ALPHA X + 1 ) , 0 , 0.00001 ) =
chng ta s nhn c kt qu bng 1.
V d 2: Cho hm s y cos x sin2x = + . Tnh gi tr ca o hm ti x
6
t
= .
Gii.
Ta ln lt thc hin:
- n MODE MODE MODE MODE 2 - Thit lp kiu Rad.
SHIFT d / dx ( cos ALPHA X + sin ( 2 ALPHA X ) , t 6 ) =
Ta nhn c y'( ) 0.5
6
t
= .
V d 3: Cho ng cong (C):
x 1
y
x 1
+
=
. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca ng

cong (C) ti im c honh bng 2.
Gii.
Phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) ti im x = 2 c dng:
Trang 47

(d): y y(2) y'(2)(x 2) = (d): y 3 2(x 2) =
(d): y 2x 7 = +
bng cch:
- Tnh gi tr ca o hm ti x = 2, ta n:
SHIFT d / dx ( ALPHA X + 1 )
( ALPHA X 1 ) , 2 , 0.00001 ) =
Ta nhn c y'(2) 2 = .
- Tnh gi tr ca hm s ti x = 2, ta dng con tr sa dng lnh trn thnh:
( ALPHA X + 1 ) ( ALPHA X 1 )
CALC 2 =
Ta nhn c y(2) 3 = .
PHN IV.
I. TNH GI TR CA BIU THC V CA HM S
1. B nh CALC:
B nh CALC cho php ta lu tr biu thc ton hc khi cng vic tnh ton ca
ta cn s dng biu thc ny li nhiu ln vi nhng gi tr khc nhau ca bin s.
V d: Ta cn s dng li hm s
2
y x 4x 3 = + + nhiu ln tnh gi tr ca hm
s ti x = 1, x = 3, x = 8, . Do , ta s dng b nh CALC lu tr biu thc
2
x 4x 3 + + .
B nh CALC ch cho php ta lu tr mt biu thc ton hc, t ta c th gi
li biu thc ny, nhp vo biu thc cc gii tr ca cc bin, t tnh ton c
kt qu mt cch nhanh nht v d dng nht.
Ta c th lu tr c mt biu thc ton hc n gin c ti a 79 bc. Lu
rng b nh CALC ch c th c s dng trong Mode COMP v Mode CMPLX.
2. Tnh gi tr ca biu thc hm s:
V d 1. Tnh gi tr ca hm s
2
Y X 3X 12 = + ti X = 7, X = 8.
Gii.
Ta ln lt thc hin:
- Nhp hm s
2
Y X 3X 12 = + vo my, bng cch n:
ALPHA Y ALPHA = ALPHA X
2
x + 3 ALPHA X 12
Trang 48

- Lu tr biu thc vo b nh CALC, bng cch n: CALC
- nhn c gi tr ca hm s vi X = 7, ta n:
7 =
- nhn c gi tr ca hm s vi X = 8, ta n:
CALC 8 =
Ch : 1. Du = c nhp vo bng phm mu trn bn phm ca my tnh.
2. Biu thc ta lu tr trong b nh CALC b xa khi ta:
- Thc hin mt php ton khc.
- Thay i Mode khc.
- Tt my tnh.
V d 2. Tnh gi tr ca hm s
3 2
f (x) x 2x 5x 3 = + + ti
3
x
2
= v
3 2
x
2
=
( thi hc sinh gii MTCT BTTHPT ca S GD&T ng Nai nm 2003)
Gii.
Ta ln lt thc hin:
- Nhp biu thc
3 2
x 2x 5x 3 + + vo my, bng cch n:
ALPHA X SHIFT
2
x + 2 ALPHA X
2
x ALPHA X + 3
- Lu tr biu thc vo b nh CALC, bng cch n: CALC
- nhn c gi tr ca hm s vi
3
x
2
= , ta n:
3
b/c
a 2 =
- nhn c gi tr ca hm s vi
3 2
x
3
= , ta n:
CALC ( 3 2 )
b/c
a 3 =

V d 3: Tm cc khong tng, gim v cc tr ca hm s:
3 2
1 1
y x 3x 8x
3 3
= + +
Gii.
- Tp xc nh: D = R
- o hm:
2
y' x 6x 8 = +
58
76
27/8
1.063545509
Trang 49

- y' 0 =
2
x 6x 8 0 + =
1
x 4 = v
2
x 2 =
bng cc bm:
MODE MODE MODE 1 2
1 = ( ) 6 = 8 =

- Gii hn:
x
lim y
= ,
x
lim y
+
= +
- Bng bin thin

bng cch n:
1
b/c
a 3 ALPHA X SHIFT
2
x ( ) 3 ALPHA X + 8 ALPHA X + 1
b/c
a 3
CALC 4 =
CALC 2 =
hoc tm y(2) n:
1
b/c
a 3 x 2 SHIFT
2
x ( ) 3 x 2
2
x + 8 x 2 + 1
b/c
a 3

tm y(4) n:
1
b/c
a 3 x 4 SHIFT
2
x ( ) 3 x 4
2
x + 8 x 4 + 1
b/c
a 3

V d 4: Tnh gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh nht ca hm s:
x - 2 4 +
y' + 0 - 0 +

y
7 +
C CT

17
3

1
x = 4

2
x = 2
17/3
7
7
17/3
Trang 50

4 3 2
1
f (x) x 4x 22x 48x 6
4
= + + trn on
| |
1;5 .
Gii.
Xt trn on
| |
1;5 , ta c:

3 2
f '(x) x 12x 44x 48 = +
f '(x) 0 =
3 2
x 12x 44x 48 0 + =
1
2
3
x 6
x 2
x 4
=

bng cch bm:
MODE MODE MODE 1 2
1 = ( ) 12 = 44 = ( ) 48 =

Ta c:
95
f (1)
4
= , f (2) 30 = , f (4) 26 = ,
111
f (5)
4
= bng cch n:
1
b/c
a 4 ALPHA ^ 4 ( ) ALPHA X SHIFT
2
x
+ 22 ALPHA
2
x ( ) 48 ALPHA X + 6
CALC 1 = Kt qu:
95
4
.
CALC 2 = Kt qu: -30
CALC 4 = Kt qu: -26
CALC 5 = Kt qu:
111
4

Vy, ta c:
-
| | 1;5
95
maxf (x) f (1)
4
= = ,
-
| | 1;5
minf (x) f (2) 30 = = .
(loi)

1
x = 6

2
x = 2

3
x = 4
Trang 51

Bi tp luyn tp:
Bi 1. Tm cc khong tng, gim v cc tr ca cc hm s:
1.
3
3 2 = + y x x ; 2.
3 2
6 1 y = x x + 9x ; 3.
4 2
2 1 = + y x x ;
4.
4 2
2 5 = + y x x ; 5.
4 2
2 4 2 = + + y x x ; 6.
4 2
8 3 = + y x x ;
Bi 2. Tm gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh nht ca cc hm s sau:
1) f(x) =
3 2
1 2 6 x x + trn on [
1
2
; 1]; 2) f(x) =
3 2
2 2 x x x + + trn on [0;
1
2
].
3) f(x) =
3 2
3 9 7 x x x + trn on [-4; 3];4) f(x) =
2
1 8 2 x x + trn on [-1; 3];
5) f(x) =
4 2
4 1 2 x x + + trn on [0; 3]. 6) f(x) =
4 2
8 1 x x + trn on [-3; 0];
7) f(x) =
4 2
2 3 x x + + trn on [-2; 0]. 8) f(x) =
4
2
x
x
+
trn on [-3; 1];

9) f(x) =
2
1
x
x
trn on [-2; 0]; 10) f(x) =

2 1
3 2
x
x
+
trn on [2; 4];

Bi 3 . Tm gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh nht ca cc hm s sau:
1) f(x) =
2
1 9 x + trn on [-3; 3]. 2) f(x) =
2
16 x trn on [-2; 3].
3) f(x) =
4
1 x
x

+ trn on [2; 5]. 4) f(x) =
2
2
1
x
x
+
+ trn on [0; 2].
5) f(x) =
2
6 8 x x + ; 6) f(x) =
2
ln(1 2 ) x x trn on [-2; 0];

II. GII HM
1. Hm s SOLVE:
Hm Solve cho php ta gii mt biu thc s dng cc bin m ta mun thc
hin bng vic nhp cc gi tr cho bin s hoc n gin biu thc .
gi hm s Solve trong my tnh ta s dng c php:
SHIFT SOLVE , (thc hin trong Mode COMP)

2. Gii hm:
V d 1: Trong vt l, cao ca mt vt ri t do c biu th bi cng thc tnh:
2
1
2 0
h v t gt = (h l cao,
0
v l vn tc ban u, t l thi, g l gia tc trng trng).
Trong my, cc bin c k hiu bi cc ch A, B, C, D, E, F, X, Y, M. Do , ta
biu th cng thc trn nh sau:

2
1
2
A BC DC =
Trang 52

trong , A l cao, B l vn tc u, C l thi gian, D l gia tc trng trng.
Trong cng thc trn, c 4 bin. Khi bit gi tr ca 3 bin th c th tnh c gi tr
ca bin cn li. Chng hn, hy tnh vn tc u ca vt ri bit cao l 14m, thi
gian l 2s, gia tc trng trng l 9,8 m/s
2
.
Bc 1: Nhp cng thc.
ALPHA A ALPHA = ALPHA B ALPHA C
1
b/c
a 2 ALPHA D ALPHA C
2
x
Bc 2: Nhp gi tr cho cc bin.
n SHIFT SOLVE
A? n =
B? n 16.8 =
C? n 2 =
D? n 9.8 =
Bc 3: Gii hm
n phm trn phm COPY tm li A? ri n phm SHIFT SOLVE
Kt qu A = 14 m/s.
Ch : 1. T minh ha trn, ta thy ngay rng c th s dng hm SOLVE tm
nghim thc gn ng cho phng trnh (bi hm SOLVE s dng
phng php Newton). Trong trng hp tm nghim ta nhp vo gi tr
gi nh gn bng nghim v thc hin php tnh tr li.
2. Trng hp phng trnh c nhiu hn mt nghim th khi tm c mt
nghim
1
x , ta li nhp thm mt gi tr gn nghim mi ri gi li hm
SOLVE tip tc gii.
3. Nu c tip tc nh vy m my vn ch tr v nhng gi tr tm c
th dng li.
V d 2: Tm nghim gn ng ca phng trnh:
5 4
x 0,5x 9x 4,5 0 + =
Gii.
Ta ln lt thc hin:
- Nhp phng trnh vo my, bng cch n:
ALPHA X ^ 5 0.5 ALPHA X ^ 4 9 ALPHA X + 4.5 ALPHA = 0
- Tm nghim:
n SHIFT SOLVE
X? .
X? 1
Trang 53

Gi tr gn ng th nht 1 =
SHIFT SOLVE
SHIFT SOLVE
Gi tr gn ng th hai 2 =
SHIFT SOLVE
SHIFT SOLVE
Gi tr gn ng th ba -2 =
SHIFT SOLVE

- Vi gi tr khc ca x ta vn ch nhn c x = 0.5, x = 1.732050808 v
x = - 1.732050808 do dng li.
- Vy, phng trnh c 3 nghim:
x = 0.5, x = 1.732050808 v x = -1.732050808.
Ch : 1. Khi nhp phng trnh vo my c th b qua on cui ALPHA = 0,
bi my s t ng thm vo.
2. Php gii hm gn ging gii phng trnh vi 1 n l mt trong cc bin
v cc bin cn li l cc tham s nhn cc gi tr c th. Do , ta c th
vn dng gii cc phng trnh dng c bit.
V d 3: Gii phng trnh: x cosx = 0 (phng trnh siu vit)
Gii.
Ta ln lt thc hin:
- Thit lp my trng thi n v o gc l radian:
MODE MODE MODE MODE 2 (Rad)
(v phng trnh siu vit trn c n x c tnh bng radian)
- Nhp phng trnh vo my, bng cch n:
ALPHA X cos ALPHA X ALPHA = 0
- Tm nghim:
n SHIFT SOLVE = SHIFT SOLVE
Kt qu:

X = 0.5
X? .
X? 2
X = 1.732050808
.
X? .
X ? -2
.
X = -1.732050808
.
X = 0.739085133
Trang 54

Ch : Hm Solve c th khng tm ra c nghim ca phng trnh cho d
phng trnh c nghim thc v n i hi mt s iu kin nghim
ngt khc (xem thm phn gii phng trnh bng phng php lp).

Bi tp luyn tp:
1. Tm nghim gn ng ca phng trnh sau y trong khong (0; 3):
2sinx + 4cosx 3 = 0 ( thi gii ton trn MTCT BTTHPT nm 2005)
2. Tnh honh giao im ca th hai hm s: y x = v
5
y (x 3) = . (Ly gi
tr gn ng vi 9 ch s phn thp phn).
3. Tnh cc gi tr gn ng ca x (, pht, giy) bit: 2sinx 4cosx 3 0 = v
0 0
180 x 720 < < .
4. Tm nghim gn ng ca cc phng trnh sau:
a)
x x
4 5.2 3 0 + = ;
b)
2
5
3log x lgx 0
7
t
+ = .
III. TNH TCH PHN XC NH
1. Bi ton: Cho hm s y f (x) = lin tc trn on [a; b]. Hy tnh tch phn ca
hm s y f (x) = trn on [a; b].
S dng phm MODE thit lp kiu COMP khi ta mun s dng my tnh
tnh tch phn, c th ta n:
MODE 1
tnh
b
a
f (x)dx
}
, ta khai bo theo c php:
dx
}
< hm s f(x) > , a , b ) =
Trong cc cn a, b v hm s f (x) c nhp trc tip t bn phm.
Ch :
- Nu ta nhp sai hm s f (x) khng lin tc ti
| |
0
x a;b e th my bo li
Math ERROR hoc b treo, iu ny ph hp vi nh ngha tch phn trong
SGK 12.
- Nu f(x) c dng lng gic th ci t my mode R (tnh theo n v
radian).
V d 1: Tnh tch phn
3
2
0
(x 2x 1)dx + +
}
.
Gii.
Trang 55

Ta ln lt thc hin:
dx
}
ALPHA X
2
x + 2 ALPHA X + 1 , 0 , 3 ) =
Ta nhn c
3
2
0
(x 2x 1)dx 9 + + =
}

Ch : My cn mt thi gian ng k hon tt mt php tnh tch phn. Trong
thi gian tnh ton mn hnh khng hin s hay biu thc.
V d 2: Tnh tch phn
2
0
sinxdx
t
}
.
Gii.
Ta ln lt thc hin:
- n MODE MODE MODE MODE 2 - Thit lp kiu Radian.
dx
}
sin ALPHA X , 0 , t 2 ) =
Ta nhn c
2
0
sinxdx 1
t
=
}

2. Dng my tnh cm tay gii ton trc nghim v tch phn.
Ton trc nghim v tch phn hin c vit rt nhiu cc cc ti liu tham
kho vi li gii thng thng l dng cng thc Newton-Leibniz hay kh hn th
phi dng phng php i bin hoc tch phn tng phn. y l iu kh khn
cho hc sinh v trong mt khong thi gian ngn phi thc hin nhiu thao tc. My
tnh CASIO fx 570MS l mt cng c mnh gii quyt tt cc bi ton dng
ny c bit i vi mt s bi ton tng i di v kh.
V d 1: Tch phn
3
1
0 2
x
dx
x 1 +
}
bng:
A/
4
3
B/
2
3
C/
9763
50000
D/ 0.2345
Gii.
Ta ln lt thc hin:
Trang 56

dx
}
ALPHA X SHIFT
2
x
b/c
a ( ALPHA X
2
x + 1 ) , 0 , 1 ) =
Ta nhn c
3
2
0 2
x 9763
dx
50000
x 1
=
+
}
. Vy ta chn p n C/
Nhn xt: Qua bi tp trn ta thy c u im ca MTCT, nu gii bng cch
thng thng th rt kh khn v thi gian.
V d 2: Tch phn
1
2
0
x 1
dx
x 3x 2
+
+ +
}
bng:
A/
1223
5650
B/
2349
2506
C/
4923
6250
D/ Mt p s khc
Gii.
C php:
1
2
0
x 1
dx A
x 3x 2
+

+ +
}

- Nhp tch phn trn vo my tnh.
- n phm CALC v nhp vo bin A tng gi tr ca cc phng n ri n
phm du bng nu c kt qu bng khng th chn phng n . Kt qu chn
C.
V d 3: Trong cc tch phn sau tch phn no c gi tr bng
5503
12500
?
A/
1
2 2
0
x x 1dx +
}
B/
1
0
x x 1dx +
}
C/
1
2
0
x x 1dx +
}
D/
1
2
0
x x 1dx +
}

Gii.
C php:
1
A B
0
5503
x x 1dx
12500
+
}

- Nhp tch phn trn vo my tnh.
- n phm CALC my hi A?, B? ta ln lt nhp vo cho cp (A, B) tng
b (2, 2), (1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1) tng ng vi cc phng n ri n phm du bng
nu c kt qu l khng th chn phng n . Kt qu chn D.
3. Tch phn cha tr tuyt i:
Khi tnh tch phn cha du tr tuyt i ta bnh phng biu thc tr tuyt i
v a vo trong cn bc hai ta s tnh tch phn c d dng v chnh xc.
V d 1: Tnh tch phn sau:
2
2
x 1dx

}

Gii.
Ta n:
dx
}
( ALPHA X ( ) 1 )
2
x , ( ) 2 , 2 ) =
Trang 57

Ta nhn c
2
2
x 1dx 5
=
}
.
V d 2: Tch phn tch phn sau:
2
2
2
x 1dx

}

Gii.
Ta n:
dx
}
( ALPHA X
2
x ( ) 1 )
2
x , ( ) 2 , 2 ) =
Ta nhn c
2
2
2
x 1dx 4
=
}
.
4. Tnh din tch hnh phng:
V d 1: Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi th hm s y sin x = trn on
| |
0;2t v trc honh.
Gii.
Ta c:
2
0
S sinxdx 4
t
= =
}
(vdt)
bng cch n:
MODE MODE MODE MODE 2 - i n v o rad
dx
}
( sin ALPHA X )
2
x , 0 , 2 SHIFT t ) =
Ta nhn c
2
0
S sinxdx 4
t
= =
}
.
V d 2: Tnh din tch hnh phng nm gia cc ng:
3
y x = , y 0 = , x 1 = , x 2 =
Gii.
Ta c:
2
3
1
S x dx 4.25
= =
}
(vdt)
bng cch n:
dx
}
( ALPHA X SHIFT
3
x )
2
x , ( ) 1 , 2 ) =
Ta nhn c
2
3
1
S x dx 4.25
= =
}
.
2
y x 9x 4 = + ,
2
y x = .
Gii.
Honh giao im ca hai ng l nghim ca phng trnh:
2 2
x 9x 4 x + =
2
2x 9x 4 0 + =
1
x 4 = ,
2
x 0.5 =
Trang 58

Khi :
4
2
0.5
S 2x 9x 4dx 14.292 = + ~
}

bng cch n:
dx
}
( 2 ALPHA X
2
x 9 ALPHA X + 4 )
2
x , 0.5 , 4 ) =
Ta nhn c
4
2
0.5
S 2x 9x 4dx 14.292 = + ~
}


3
y x 3x = , y x = .
Gii.
Honh giao im ca hai ng l nghim ca phng trnh:

2
x 3x x =
2
x 4x 0 =
1
x 2 = ,
2
x 0 = ,
3
x 2 = .

Khi :
2
3
2
S x 4xdx 4.25
= =
}
.
bng cch n:
dx
}
( ALPHA X SHIFT
3
x 4 ALPHA X )
2
x , ( ) 2 , 2 ) =
Ta nhn c
2
3
2
S x 4xdx 4.25
= =
}
.
Bi tp luyn tp:
1. Tnh cc tch phn sau:
a.
1
2
1/3
dx
x
}
b.
1
3
0
x
dx
(1 3x) +
}
c.
3
0
S cos x.cos5xdx
t
=
}

d.
/ 2
3 2
0
S cos x.sin xdx
t
=
}
e.
1
5
0
1 x
dx
(1 x)
+
}
f.
3 1
1
x
dx
x 1 +
}

g.
1
2
1
dx
1 x x 1 + + +
}
h.
2
2
2
ln(x x 1)dx
+ +
}

2. Tch phn
5
9 2
5 3
0
x
dx
(1 x ) +
}
bng:
A.
2
9
B.
2
45
C.
9
2
D.
45
2

3. Tch phn
1
0
x | x A| dx 2 =
}
khi:
Trang 59

A. 2 A= B.
10
3
A = C.
14
3
A = D. C B v C cng ng
4. Tnh cc tch phn sau:
a.
2
2
0
x 2x 3dx +
}
b.
( )
5
15
x 2| | x 2 dx
+
}

5. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi th hm s
2 3
y sin xcos x = trn on
0;
2
t
(
(

v trc honh.
6. Tnh din tch hnh phng nm gia cc ng:
a.
2
y x 2x = ; y 0 = ; x 1 = ; x 2 = ;
b.
2
1
y ;
sin x
=
2
1
y ;
cos x
= x
6
t
= ; x
3
t
= .

4. Tnh th tch vt th:
V d 1: Tnh th tch ca vt th trn xoay sinh ra bi php quay xung quanh Ox
ca hnh gii hn bi trc Ox v Parabol (P):
2
y x x = .
Gii.
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (P) v Ox l:

2
x x 0 = x 0 = v x 1 = .
Khi , th tch cn xc nh c cho bi:

1
2 2
0
V (x x) dx 0.105 = t ~
}
vtt
bng cch n:
SHIFT t dx
}
( ALPHA X
2
x ALPHA X )
2
x , 0 , 1 ) =
Kt qu l 0.104718707
V d 2: Tnh th tch ca vt th trn xoay to nn khi ta quay quanh trc Ox hnh
phng S gii hn bi cc ng:
x
y xe , = x 1 = , y 0 = , vi 0 x 1 s s .
Gii.
Honh giao im ca hai ng
x
y xe = v y 0 = l nghim ca phng trnh:

x
xe 0 = x 0 = .
Th tch vt th trn xoay cn tnh c cho bi:

1
x 2
0
V (xe ) dx 5.018 = t ~
}
vtt
Trang 60

bng cch n:
SHIFT t dx
}
( ALPHA X SHIFT
x
e ALPHA X )
2
x , 0 , 1 ) =
Kt qu l: 5.018065946.
V d 3: Cho hnh phng gii hn bi:

{ D y tanx; = = x = 0;
3
x ;
t
=
} y 0 =
a. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi D.
b. Tnh th tch vt trn xoay khi D quay quanh Ox.
Gii.
Ta c:
/3
0
S | tanx |dx 0.693
t
= ~
}

bng cch n:
MODE MODE MODE MODE 2 - i n v o rad
dx
}
( tan ALPHA X )
2
x , 0 , SHIFT t
b/c
a 3 ) =

Kt qu l: 0.69315

b.Th tch vt th trn xoay cn tnh l:

/3
2
0
V tan xdx 2.152
t
= t ~
}
vtt
bng cch n:
SHIFT t dx
}
( tan ALPHA X )
2
x , 0 , SHIFT t
b/c
a 3 ) =
Kt qu l: 2.151519729.
Bi tp luyn tp:
1. Tnh th tch ca khi trn xoay to nn khi ta quay hnh H quanh trc Ox, vi:
a.
{ H y 0; = =
4 4
y 1 cos x sin x = + + ;
2
x ;
t
=
} x = t
b.
{ H y 0; = = y xln x = ; x 1; =
} x e = .
c.
{ H y 0; = =
6 6
y cos x sin x = + ; x 0; = x
2
t
=
}

2. Cho min D gii hn bi ng trn (C):
2 2
x y 8 + = v Parabol (P):
2
y 2x = .

{ D y tanx; = = x = 0;
3
x ;
t
=
} y 0 =
Trang 61

a. Tnh din tch S ca min D.
b. Tnh th tch V sinh bi D khi quay quanh Ox.

III. HIU QU CA TI
Trn y l mt vi kinh nghim ti rt ra c trong qu trnh ging dy my
tnh cm tay cho hc vin. My tnh cm tay ch l dng c h tr hc tp, nhng
nu khai thc tt, hc vin s c mt cng c mnh m gii ton. T gip cc
em gii ton nhanh, chnh xc lm pht huy tnh tch cc, ch ng, sng to ca
hc vin gp phn nng cao cht lng dy hc.
Sau khi ging dy mt s kinh nghim Hng dn hc vin GDTX s dng
my tnh cm tay gii ton trung hc ph thng, ti nhn thy hc vin thch
hc mn ton, khng cn s, tnh ton lng tng nh trc na. a phn cc hc
vin u gii c hu ht cc bi tp trong sch gio khoa.

Bng phn tch s liu trc khi vn dng ti:

Bng phn tch s liu sau khi vn dng ti:

Trong k thi hc vin gii gii ton bng my tnh cm tay cp tnh va qua
Trung tm GTDX Long Thnh t c mt gii nh, mt gii ba v hai gii
Nm 2011 2012 S
s
Vn dng
c ti
Khng vn dng
c ti
T l % vn dng
c ti.

Lp 10N, 11N,
12N

112

75

37

70%
Nm 2011 2012 S
s
Vn dng
c ti
Khng vn dng
c ti
T l % vn dng
c ti.

Lp 10N, 11N,
12N

112

108

04

96,4%
Trang 62

khuyn khch. l thnh qu ca thy v tr c gng vn dng sng to ti vo
vic gii ton.
IV. XUT, KHUYN NGH KH NNG P DNG
Hc vin bit s dng my tnh cm tay gii ton thnh tho s gip cc em t
tin trong hc tp, kim tra v cc k thi. ng thi khi bit s dng thnh tho my
tnh cm tay gii ton, hc vin cn t rn luyn kh nng t duy thut ton, qua
gip cc em cng c khc su kin thc hn, nng cao kh nng t duy logic,
gip cc em hc tt hn. Do , s dng my tnh cm tay dy hc trong cc mn
khoa hc t nhin s pht huy tnh tch cc ch ng ca hc vin v em li kt
qu cao.
Khi gio vin ging dy tit hc v my tnh cm tay, gio vin cn ra thm
bi tp v nh hc vin t luyn gii. Gio vin cn theo di kim tra vic gii bi
tp v c hng dn, n c hc vin gii ton.
B gio dc nn a thm vo sch gio khoa hoc sch gio vin nhiu bi
c thm hng dn s dng my tnh cm tay gii ton i vi mt s loi my
mi mnh hn m B cho php hc sinh s dng.
S nn khuyn khch cc thy gio c gio dy cc mn khoa hc t nhin ni
chung cn quan tm hn na n vic rn luyn k nng s dng my tnh cm tay
cho hc sinh.

V. TI LIU THAM KHO
1. Ti liu hng dn s dng my tnh do S Gio dc v o to ng Nai
bin son.
2. Ti liu hng dn s dng my tnh Casio FX -570 MS km theo my khi mua.
3. Sch gio khoa i s 10, Hnh hc 10, i s v Gii tch 11, Gii tch 12.
4. Sch gio vin i s 10, Hnh hc 10, i s v Gii tch 11, Gii tch 12.
5. Sch bi tp i s 10, Hnh hc 10, i s v Gii tch 11, Gii tch 12.
6. Cc thi hc vin gii s dng my tnh cm tay gii ton ca S Gio dc
v o to ng Nai.

Long Thnh, ngy 13 thng 5 nm 2012

NGI THC HIN

Nguyn Vn Ha
Trang 63

S GD&T NG NAI CNG HO X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM
TT GDTX Long Thnh c lp - T do - Hnh phc.

Long Thnh, ngy thng 5 nm 2012.

PHIU NHN XT, NH GI SNG KIN KINH NGHIM
Nm hc: 2011 2012

Tn sng kin kinh nghim:
HNG DN HC VIN GDTX S DNG MY TNH
CM TAY GII TON TRUNG HC PH THNG

H v tn tc gi: Nguyn Vn Ha. n v (T): Khoa hc T nhin.
Lnh vc:
Qun l gio dc Phng php dy hc b mn: Ton THPT
Phng php gio dc Lnh vc khc: .
1. Tnh mi
- C gii php hon ton mi
- C gii php ci tin, i mi t gii php c
2. Hiu qu
- Hon ton mi v trin khai p dng trong ton ngnh c hiu qu
hiu cao
- C tnh ci tin hoc i mi t nhng gii php c v trin khai
p dng trong ton ngnh c hiu qu cao
- Hon ton mi v trin khai p dng ti n v c hiu qu cao
- C tnh ci tin hoc i mi t nhng gii php c v trin khai
p dng ti n v c hiu qu
3. Kh nng p dng
- Cung cp c cc lun c khoa hc cho vic hoch nh ng li,
chnh sch: Tt Kh t
- a ra cc gii php khuyn ngh c kh nng ng dng thc tin, d
thc hin v d i vo cuc sng: Tt Kh t
- c p dng trong thc t t hiu qu hoc c kh nng p dng
t hiu qu trong phm vi rng: Tt Kh t
XC NHN CA T CHUYN MN TH TRNG N V
(K tn v ghi r h tn) (K tn, ghi r h tn v ng du)

Skkn2012 - Toan - Nguyen Van Hoa - TTGDTX Long Thanh

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Sng kin kinh nghim Gio vin: Nguyn Vn Ha!

, iu kin u, v 0 > . Khi , h c dng:

. Vy, h c nghim (10; 4).

. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca ng

trn on [-3; 1];

trn on [-2; 0]; 10) f(x) =

trn on [2; 4];

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