Mt s thng tin c bn v 802.

11ac, chun Wi-Fi th h th nm

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DuyLun Khng c g!

Trong khong mt nm tr li y chng ta c nghe nhc nhiu n chu n WiFi 802.11ac, hay cn gi l Wi-Fi th h th nm. N l chun mng khng dy ang ngy cng xut hin nhiu hn trn cc router, my tnh v tt nhin l c cc thi t b di ng nh smartphone. So vi Wi-Fi 802.11n ang c dng ph bin hi n nay, chu n 802.11ac mang li tc nhanh hn. Nhng liu c phi l tt c ? M i cc b n xem qua bi vit ny.

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802.11ac

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Cc chun mng Wi-Fi m chng ta s dng hin nay u thuc b tiu chu n IEEE 802.11 i km mt hoc nhiu ch ci pha sau. IEEE l ch vi t t t cho Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, tm dch l Hip hi cc k s i n v i n T , c quan c trch nhim ph chun cu hnh cng nh thc y s pht tri n c a Wi-Fi. T nm 1999 n nay, cc chun mng Wi-Fi c s dng rng ri bao gm:

 (1997) 802.11: Wi-Fi th h th nht, c th mang li t c

1Mb/s v 2Mb/s, s dng bng tn 2,4GHz ca sng radio hoc hng ngoi. (1999) 802.11b: Wi-Fi th h th hai, c kh nng mang li tc 11Mb/s bng tn 2.4 GHz trn sng radio. (1999) 802.11A: Wi-Fi th h th ba, tuy nhin n li ra m t cng thi im vi 802.11b. chun A mang li tc truyn ti nhanh hn, ln n 54Mb/s v s dng bng tn 5GHz nhng li b hn ch v tm ph sng so vi 802.11b. (2003) 802.11g: Wi-Fi th h th ba, tc truyn ti 54Mb/s v s dng bng tn 2,4GHz. y l chun mng vn cn xut hi n nhiu thit b n tn ngy hm nay. (2009) 802.11n: Wi-Fi th h th t, tc ti a 600Mb/s (trn th trng ph bin c cc thit b 150Mb/s, 300Mb/s v 450Mb/s). Chun ny c th hot ng trn c hai bng tn 2,4GHz ln 5GHz v nu router h tr th hai bng tn ny c th cng c pht sng song song nhau. (201x) 802.11ac: tc ti a hin l 1730Mb/s (s cn tng ti p) v ch chy bng tn 5GHz. Mt s mc tc thp hn (ng vi s lung truyn d liu thp hn) bao gm 450Mb/s v 900Mb/s. Hin chun ny cha c ph duyt chnh thc nhng iu s sm xy ra m thi, c th l ngay trong nm 2013 ny.

Theo Cisco, hin chng ta ang giai on Wave 1 ca Wi-Fi 802.11ac, sau s c thm Wave 2 v thm ch l Wave 3. Bn hy nhn biu bn di, mu l t c t i thi u, mu xanh dng l tc ph bin. ng mu en ghi ch Product Max l t c t i a chng ta c th thy trn cc sn phm thng m i, cn ng STD Max l t c cao nht c th t c theo cu hnh l thuyt.

V mt l thuyt, Wi-Fi 802.11ac s cho tc cao gp ba l n so v i Wi-Fi 802.11n cng s lung (stream) truyn, v d khi dng ng-ten 1x1 th Wi-Fi ac cho t c 450Mb/s, trong khi Wi-Fi n ch l 150Mb/s. Cn nu tng ln ng-ten 3x3 vi ba lung, Wi-Fi ac c th cung cp 1300Mb/s, trong khi Wi-Fi n ch l 450Mb/s. Tuy nhin, nh ng con s ni trn ch l t c ti a trn l thuyt, cn trong i thc th tc ny s gim xu ng ty theo thi t b thu pht, mi trng, vt cn, nhiu tn hiu... XemvideoBuffalotrnh din mng802.11acti CES2012

Ngoi tc ra, 802.11ac cn c im g mi?

1. Bng thng knh truyn rng hn: Bng thng rng hn gip vic truyn d liu gi a hai thit b c nhanh hn. Trn bng tn 5GHz, Wi-Fi 802.11ac h tr cc knh v i r ng bng thng 20MHz, 40MHz, 80MHz v ty chn 160MHz. Trong khi , 802.11n ch h tr knh 20MHz v 40MHz m thi. Nh ni trn, knh 80MHz th t t nhin ch a c nhiu d liu hn l knh 40MHz ri.

2. Nhiu lung d liu hn: Spatial stream l mt lung d liu c truyn i bng cng ngh a ng-ten MIMO. N cho php mt thit b c th pht i cng lc nhi u tn hi u bng cch s dng nhiu hn 1 ng-ten. 802.11n c th m ng ti a 4 spatial stream, cn vi Wi-Fi 802.11ac th con s ny c y ln n 8 lu ng. T ng ng v i s l 8 ng-ten, cn gn trong hay ngoi th ty nh sn xu t nh ng th ng h s ch n gii php gn trong m bo tnh thm m. 3. H tr Multi user-MIMO: Wi-Fi 802.11n, mt thit b c th truyn nhiu spatial stream nhng ch nhm n 1 a ch duy nht. iu ny c ngha l ch m t thi t b (ho c m t ngi dng) c th nhn d liu mt thi im. Ngi ta gi y l single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO). Cn vi chun 802.11ac, mt k thut mi c b sung vo vi tn g i multiuser MIMO. N cho php mt access point s dng nhiu ng-ten truyn tn hiu n nhiu thit b (hoc nhiu ngi dng) cng lc v trn cng mt b ng t n. Cc thi t b nhn s khng phi ch i n lt mnh nh SU-MIMO, t tr s c gim xung ng k.

Tuy nhin, Multi user-MIMO l mt k thut kh v th i i m hin t i, n s khng c m t trn cc access point v router Wi-Fi 802.11ac. Ph i n t th hai (wave 2) th ..-MIMO mi c mt, nhng s hin din cng s rt hn ch. Thm mt s thng tin cho bn v ng-ten MIMO. ng-ten pht c k hi u l Tx, v ngten thu l Rx. Trn mt s thit b mng nh router, card m ng, chip Wi-Fi, b n s th y nhng con s nh 2x2, 2x3, 3x3 th s u tin tr c du nhn l ng-ten pht (Tx), cn pha sau l ng-ten thu (Rx). V d, thit b 2x2 l c 2 ng-ten thu v 2 ng-ten pht. 4. Beamforimg:Wi-Fi l mt mng a hng, tc tn hiu t router pht ra s ta ra khp mi

hng. Tuy nhin, cc thit b 802.11ac c th s dng mt cng ngh dng nh hng tn hiu truyn nhn gi l beamforming (dch ra th ch ny c ngh a l "t o ra m t chm tn hiu"). Router s c kh nng xc nh v tr c a thit b nh n, v d nh laptop, smartphone, tablet, ri tp trung y nng lng tn hiu ln m c m nh h n h ng v pha thit b . Mc ch ca beamforming l gim nhiu.

Mc d sng Wi-Fi vn ta ra khp mi hng, tuy nhin vi cng ngh beamforming th chm tn hiu c th c nh hng tt hn n mt thit b xc nh trong vng ph sng Theo gii thch ca Cisco, thc cht bt k trm pht Wi-Fi no c nhi u ng-ten u c th beamform, tuy nhin Wi-Fi 802.11ac dng k thut gi l "sounding" gip router xc nh v tr ca thit b nhn mt cch chnh xc hn. 5. Tm ph sng rng hn

Biu bn di do Netgear cung cp, theo chng ta c th thy rng v i cng 3 ngten, router dng chun 802.11ac s cho tm ph sng rng n 90 mt, trong khi router xi mng 802.11n c tm ph sng ch khong 80 mt l ti a. T c c a m ng 802.11ac tng mc khong cch cng nhanh hn 802.11n, biu th bng vng mu xanh dng lun nm cao hn vng mu xanh l. Vi nhng nh, v n phng rng, chng ta c th gi m s lng repeater cn dng khuch i v lp tn hiu, tit kim c kha kh chi ph.

Router Wi-Fi 802.11ac s tng thch ngc vi cc chun c

Hin nay, hu ht cc router Wi-Fi trn th trng c h tr chun 802.11ac s h tr thm cc chun c, bao gm b/g/n. Chng cng s c hai b ng t n 2,4GHz l n 5GHz. i v i nhng router c kh nng chy hai bng tn cng lc (b n s th y qu ng co c ch simultaneous), bng tn 2,4GHz s c s dng pht Wi-Fi n, cn 5GHz s dng pht Wi-Fi ac. Cng chnh v kh nng pht song song nh trn m t c ti a do nh s n xu t qu ng co s l php cng ca tc ti a trn di 2,4GHz v 5GHz. V d, router RT-AC66U ca Asus c "max speed" l 1,75Gbps, bao gm 1,3Gbps cho chu n ac b ng t n 5GHz v 450Mbps cho chun n bng tn 2,4GHz.

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Wi-Fi

802.11ac

, hiu ri, Wi-Fi 802.11ac nhanh hn, mnh hn , vy th n gip g c cho chng ta? Trc ht, vi tc truyn ti nhanh hn, chng ta s c tc kt ni Internet nhanh hn. Hy th tng tng nh bn c c mt ng kt ni mng ln n 1Gbps (nh Google Fiber M chng hn), nu ch s dng router Wi-Fi 802.11n th bn ch c

tc ti a l 450Mb/s (nu hai bng tn th ln 900Mb/s l h t mc), ch a t n d ng c ht tc m nh cung cp a cho chng ta. Cn n u trong nh b n c m t chi c router 802.11ac th bn c th tn dng tt nht ng truyn mng ny b i t c t i a c th t mc 1,3Gbps ln. Tt nhin, Vit Nam chng ta th c s h tng mng cha pht trin c n m c nh th, mt gi cc cp quang cho h gia nh cng ch mi t khong 10Mbps l nhanh nn Wi-Fi 802.11n cng chi ri. Trong mi trng doanh nghi p v i cp quang t c siu cao th may ra Wi-Fi 802.11ac m i t ra h u ch. Ngoi ra, Wi-Fi 802.11ac cn c th c p dng truyn d liu gia cc thi t b trong mt mng ni b hoc mng gia nh vi tc cao hn hi n nay. Mt ng d ng d th y nht l stream video Full-HD. Trong mt t trnh din, hng Netgear c th s d ng router 802.11ac ca h truyn 4 b phim Full-HD cng lc n b n chi c HDTV khc nhau, iu khng th lm c vi Wi-Fi n hin nay. N c ng s gip qu trnh sao chp d liu gia my tnh, smartphone, tablet vi c ng mng c ng nh gi a cc thi t b v i nhau c nhanh chng hn (v l thuyt l ch tn 1/3 thi gian so vi chu n 802.11n). V thi thi gian ch i ngn hn ko theo thi lng pin s di h n b i n ng l ng tiu th t hn.

Mt s thit b hin c trn th trng h tr cho802.11ac

Apple Airport Extreme v Time Capsule th h n m 2013: ln i

Wi-Fi 802.11ac, thit k mi Asus AC-RT68U, router hai bng tn u tin h tr chun 802.11ac tc ti a 1900Mbps Linksys Smart router Wi-Fi EA6300 v EA6400: h tr 802.11ac, chy hai bng tng song song Adapter Trendnet Wi-Fi 802.11ac DLink DGL-5500, router chi game h tr Wi-Fi 802.11ac tch hp cng ngh Qualcomm StreamBoost Western Digital My Net AC1300 Wi-Fi 802.11ac D-Link Cloud Router 5700 vi tng bng thng 1750Mbps Asus RT-AC66UNetgear R6200 v USB adapter A6200 tng thch Wifi 802.11ac HTC One Samsung Galaxy S4 Samsung Galaxy S4 Active Pantech Sky VEGA Iron LG Optimus G Pro MacBook Air i Mid 2013 Asus G75VW l laptop u tin tng thch vi Wifi 802.11ac Dell ra mt Alienware 14/17/18: CPU Haswell, NVIDIA GTX700M, Wi-Fi ac, thit k mi

Vy cn cc ch khc ca Wi-Fi 802.11 nh th no?

Chng ta thy a, b, g, n, ac c dng trong tn gi ca cc chun mng khng dy, tuy nhin iu khng c ngha l cc ch ci khc b b qua. Chng ta c c, d, e, f, h, k, u, v, w, y, thm ch l aa, ad, ae, mc, aj... Mi mt ch nh th s ng vi mng dng cho cc mc ch khc nhau, v d nh 802.11c dng trong qu trnh bt c u m ng, 802.11y bao gm bng tn 36503700 MHz xi M, cn 802.11aj dng cho m ng c a qun i Trung Quc. Mt s trong s l phn b sung (amendment) cho mt chun hi n c, v d nh 802.11e l m rng ca 802.11.

Chun Wi-Fi 802.11ac, mt s thng tin c bn

Th Hai, 24/06/2013 14:05

Trong khong mt nm tr li y chng ta c nghe nhc nhiu n chun Wi-Fi 802.11ac, hay cn gi l Wi-Fi th h th nm. Chun kt ni khng dy ang ngy cng xut hin nhiu hn trn cc router, my tnh v tt nhin l c cc thit b di ng nh smartphone.

Apple s mang Wi-Fi 802.11ac vo dng Mac Cisco trnh lng router 802.11ac u tin Netgear ra mt router Wifi v USB Adapter chun 802.11ac Router chun 802.11ac u tin trn th gii Chun WiFi 802.11ac s thay th 802.11n

So vi Wi-Fi 802.11n ang c dng ph bin hin nay, chun 802.11ac mang li tc nhanh hn. Nhng liu c phi l tt c? IEEE 802.11ac l g?

Cc chun mng Wi-Fi m chng ta s dng hin nay u thuc b tiu chun IEEE 802.11 i km mt hoc nhiu ch ci pha sau. IEEE l ch vit tt cho Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, tm dch l Hip hi cc k s in v in T, c quan c trch nhim ph chun cu hnh cng nh thc y s pht trin ca Wi-Fi. T nm 1999 n nay, cc chun mng Wi-Fi c s dng rng ri bao gm: + (1997) 802.11: Wi-Fi th h th nht, c th mang li tc 1Mb/s v 2Mb/s, s dng bng tn 2,4GHz ca sng radio hoc hng ngoi. + (1999) 802.11b: Wi-Fi th h th hai, c kh nng mang li tc 11Mb/s bng tn 2.4 GHz trn sng radio. + (1999) 802.11A: Wi-Fi th h th ba, tuy nhin n li ra mt cng thi im vi 802.11b. chun A mang li tc truyn ti nhanh hn, ln n 54Mb/s v s dng bng tn 5GHz nhng li b hn ch v tm ph sng so vi 802.11b. + (2003) 802.11g: Wi-Fi th h th ba, tc truyn ti 54Mb/s v s dng bng tn 2,4GHz. y l chun mng vn cn xut hin nhiu thit b n tn ngy hm nay.

+ (2009) 802.11n: Wi-Fi th h th t, tc ti a 600Mb/s (trn th trng ph bin c cc thit b 150Mb/s, 300Mb/s v 450Mb/s). Chun ny c th hot ng trn c hai bng tn 2,4GHz ln 5GHz v nu router h tr th hai bng tn ny c th cng c pht sng song song nhau. + (201x) 802.11ac: tc ti a hin l 1730Mb/s (s cn tng tip) v ch chy bng tn 5GHz. Mt s mc tc thp hn (ng vi s lung truyn d liu thp hn) bao gm 450Mb/s v 900Mb/s. Hin chun ny cha c ph duyt chnh thc nhng iu s sm xy ra m thi, c th l ngay trong nm 2013 ny.

Theo Cisco, hin chng ta ang giai on Wave 1 ca Wi-Fi 802.11ac, sau s c thm Wave 2 v thm ch l Wave 3. Bn hy nhn biu bn di, mu l tc ti thiu, mu xanh dng l tc ph bin. ng mu en ghi ch Product Max l tc ti a chng ta c th thy trn cc sn phm thng mi, cn ng STD Max l tc cao nht c th t c theo cu hnh l thuyt.

V mt l thuyt, Wi-Fi 802.11ac s cho tc cao gp ba ln so vi Wi-Fi 802.11n cng s lung (stream) truyn, v d khi dng ng-ten 1x1 th Wi-Fi ac cho tc 450Mb/s, trong khi Wi-Fi n ch l 150Mb/s. Cn nu tng ln ng-ten 3x3 vi ba lung, Wi-Fi ac c th cung cp 1300Mb/s, trong khi Wi-Fi n ch l 450Mb/s. Tuy nhin, nhng con s ni trn ch l tc ti a trn l thuyt, cn trong i thc th tc ny s gim xung ty theo thit b thu pht, mi trng, vt cn, nhiu tn hiu... Ngoi tc ra, 802.11ac cn c im g mi?

1. Bng thng knh truyn rng hn: Bng thng rng hn gip vic truyn d liu gia hai thit b c nhanh hn. Trn bng tn 5GHz, Wi-Fi 802.11ac h tr cc knh vi rng bng thng 20MHz, 40MHz, 80MHz v ty chn 160MHz. Trong khi , 802.11n ch h tr knh 20MHz v 40MHz m thi. Nh ni trn, knh 80MHz th tt nhin cha c nhiu d liu hn l knh 40MHz ri.

2. Nhiu lung d liu hn: Spatial stream l mt lung d liu c truyn i bng cng ngh a ng-ten MIMO. N cho php mt thit b c th pht i cng lc nhiu tn hiu bng cch s dng nhiu hn 1 ng-ten. 802.11n c th m ng ti a 4 spatial stream, cn vi Wi-Fi 802.11ac th con s ny c y ln n 8 lung. Tng ng vi s l 8 ng-ten, cn gn trong hay ngoi th ty nh sn xut nhng thng h s chn gii php gn trong m bo tnh thm m.

3. H tr Multi user-MIMO: Wi-Fi 802.11n, mt thit b c th truyn nhiu spatial stream nhng ch nhm n 1 a ch duy nht. iu ny c ngha l ch mt thit b (hoc mt ngi dng) c th nhn d liu mt thi im. Ngi ta gi y l singleuser MIMO (SU-MIMO). Cn vi chun 802.11ac, mt k thut mi c b sung vo vi tn gi multi-user MIMO. N cho php mt access point s dng nhiu ng-ten truyn tn hiu n nhiu thit b (hoc nhiu ngi dng) cng lc v trn cng mt bng tn. Cc thit b nhn s khng phi ch i n lt mnh nh SU-MIMO, t tr s c gim xung ng k.

Tuy nhin, Multi user-MIMO l mt k thut kh v thi im hin ti, n s khng c mt trn cc access point v router Wi-Fi 802.11ac. Phi n t th hai (wave 2) th ..-MIMO mi c mt, nhng s hin din cng s rt hn ch.

Thm mt s thng tin cho bn v ng-ten MIMO. ng-ten pht c k hiu l Tx, v ng-ten thu l Rx. Trn mt s thit b mng nh router, card mng, chip Wi-Fi, bn s thy nhng con s nh 2x2, 2x3, 3x3 th s u tin trc du nhn l ng-ten pht (Tx), cn pha sau l ng-ten thu (Rx). V d, thit b 2x2 l c 2 ng-ten thu v 2 ng-ten pht.

4. Beamforimg: Wi-Fi l mt mng a hng, tc tn hiu t router pht ra s ta ra khp mi hng. Tuy nhin, cc thit b 802.11ac c th s dng mt cng ngh dng nh hng tn hiu truyn nhn gi l beamforming (dch ra th ch ny c ngha l "to ra mt chm tn hiu"). Router s c kh nng xc nh v tr ca thit b nhn, v d nh laptop, smartphone, tablet, ri tp trung y nng lng tn hiu ln mc mnh hn hng v pha thit b . Mc ch ca beamforming l gim nhiu.

Mc d sng Wi-Fi vn ta ra khp mi hng, tuy nhin vi cng ngh beamforming th chm tn hiu c th c nh hng tt hn n mt thit b xc nh trong vng ph sng

Theo gii thch ca Cisco, thc cht bt k trm pht Wi-Fi no c nhiu ng-ten u c th beamform, tuy nhin Wi-Fi 802.11ac dng k thut gi l "sounding" gip router xc nh v tr ca thit b nhn mt cch chnh xc hn.

5. Tm ph sng rng hn: Biu bn di do Netgear cung cp, theo chng ta c th thy rng vi cng 3 ng-ten, router dng chun 802.11ac s cho tm ph sng rng n 90 mt, trong khi router xi mng 802.11n c tm ph sng ch khong 80 mt l ti a. Tc ca mng 802.11ac tng mc khong cch cng nhanh hn 802.11n, biu th bng vng mu xanh dng lun nm cao hn vng mu xanh l. Vi nhng nh, vn phng rng, chng ta c th gim s lng repeater cn dng khuch i v lp tn hiu, tit kim c kha kh chi ph.

Router Wi-Fi 802.11ac s tng thch ngc vi cc chun c

Hin nay, hu ht cc router Wi-Fi trn th trng c h tr chun 802.11ac s h tr thm cc chun c, bao gm b/g/n. Chng cng s c hai bng tn 2,4GHz ln 5GHz. i vi nhng router c kh nng chy hai bng tn cng lc (bn s thy qung co c ch simultaneous), bng tn 2,4GHz s c s dng pht Wi-Fi n, cn 5GHz s dng pht Wi-Fi ac.

Cng chnh v kh nng pht song song nh trn m tc ti a do nh sn xut qung co s l php cng ca tc ti a trn di 2,4GHz v 5GHz. V d, router RT-AC66U ca Asus c "max speed" l 1,75Gbps, bao gm 1,3Gbps cho chun ac bng tn 5GHz v 450Mbps cho chun n bng tn 2,4GHz.

ng dng ca Wi-Fi 802.11ac

, hiu ri, Wi-Fi 802.11ac nhanh hn, mnh hn , vy th n gip g c cho chng ta? Trc ht, vi tc truyn ti nhanh hn, chng ta s c tc kt ni Internet nhanh hn. Hy th tng tng nh bn c c mt ng kt ni mng ln n 1Gbps (nh Google Fiber M chng hn), nu ch s dng router Wi-Fi 802.11n th bn

ch c tc ti a l 450Mb/s (nu hai bng tn th ln 900Mb/s l ht mc), cha tn dng c ht tc m nh cung cp a cho chng ta. Cn nu trong nh bn c mt chic router 802.11ac th bn c th tn dng tt nht ng truyn mng ny bi tc ti a c th t mc 1,3Gbps ln.

Tt nhin, Vit Nam chng ta th c s h tng mng cha pht trin c n mc nh th, mt gi cc cp quang cho h gia nh cng ch mi t khong 10Mbps l nhanh nn Wi-Fi 802.11n cng chi ri. Trong mi trng doanh nghip vi cp quang tc siu cao th may ra Wi-Fi 802.11ac mi t ra hu ch.

Ngoi ra, Wi-Fi 802.11ac cn c th c p dng truyn d liu gia cc thit b trong mt mng ni b hoc mng gia nh vi tc cao hn hin nay. Mt ng dng d thy nht l stream video Full-HD. Trong mt t trnh din, hng Netgear c th s dng router 802.11ac ca h truyn 4 b phim Full-HD cng lc n bn chic HDTV khc nhau, iu khng th lm c vi Wi-Fi n hin nay. N cng s gip qu trnh sao chp d liu gia my tnh, smartphone, tablet vi cng mng cng nh gia cc thit b vi nhau c nhanh chng hn (v l thuyt l ch tn 1/3 thi gian so vi chun 802.11n). V thi thi gian ch i ngn hn ko theo thi lng pin s di hn bi nng lng tiu th t hn. Vy cn cc ch khc ca Wi-Fi 802.11 nh th no?

Chng ta thy a, b, g, n, ac c dng trong tn gi ca cc chun mng khng dy, tuy nhin iu khng c ngha l cc ch ci khc b b qua. Chng ta c c, d, e, f, h, k, u, v, w, y, thm ch l aa, ad, ae, mc, aj... Mi mt ch nh th s ng vi mng dng cho cc mc ch khc nhau, v d nh 802.11c dng trong qu trnh bt cu mng, 802.11y bao gm bng tn 36503700 MHz xi M, cn 802.11aj dng cho mng ca qun i Trung Quc. Mt s trong s l phn b sung (amendment) cho mt chun hin c, v d nh 802.11e l m rng ca 802.11.