PROBLEM SET SOLUTIONS 1.Cyclohexane, C6H12, has a vapor pressure of 97.5 mmHg at 25C.

A solution was prepared by dissolving 5 g of urea, CO(NH2)2, in 200 mL of cyclohexane ((density = 0.779 g/mL) at 25C. a) What is the molality of the solution? b) Calculate the mass percent of the solvent. b) Calculate the mole fraction of urea. c) Calculate the vapor pressure lowering caused by the addition of urea. d) What is the vapor pressure of the solution? 2. Iced candy, which is sold at Php 10.00, was made by dissolving 7.50 g sucrose in 125 mL of water. What is the right temperature to freeze the iced candy? (kf of water is 1.86C/m) 3. A solution was made by dissolving 5.00 g of a strong non-volatile electrolyte (MM= 148.33 g/mole) in 100.00 mL of water. The solution was observed to boil at 100.5oC (kb of water is 0.52C/m). a) What is the molality of the solution? b) If the non-volatile electrolyte takes the formula AXn, what is the value of n? 4. You are required to prepare 500.00 mL of 0.25 M NaOH solution. The available stock solution is 2.00 M NaOH solution. a) Calculate the amount of stock NaOH solution needed to prepare your dilute NaOH solution. b) In two sentences, describe how you will prepare the dilute NaOH solution. 5. For the following questions, refer to the solubility curve found on the next page. a) Among the salts listed in the solubility curve, which is the most soluble and least soluble at 20oC? b) In one sentence, describe how you will prepare a saturated potassium chloride solution at 30oC. c) A saturated solution of ammonium chloride was prepared at 60 oC. If the solution was cooled to 40oC, how many grams of ammonium chloride will crystallize out? d) Your classmate prepared a potassium chlorate solution by dissolving 3.5 g of the crystal in 20.0 mL of water at 50oC. Is the solution saturated, unsaturated or supersaturated? Explain your answer. 6. Your lab partner prepared a 5% by mass aqueous sodium chloride solution. a) Calculate the molality of the solution. b) What is the mole fraction of the solvent? c) what is the concentration of the solution in ppt?

Solubility Curves of Pure Substances

150

140

130

KI

120

110

NaNO3
100

grams solute per 100 grams H2O

90

KNO3
80

70

60

NH3

NH4Cl

50

KCl
40

NaCl

30

20

KClO3
10

Ce2(SO4)3
0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Temperature/Celsuis