Computers

CertifiedTechnicalSupportProfessionalStudyGuide ACTSPCertification
Copyright2006www.askpc.com Allrightsreserved
ACTSPStudyGuide
Author
MohamedN.ElGuindy
BSc.CS.TrinityUniversity,USA
MCSE,MCT
IEEEComputerSocietyMember
BritishComputerSocietyMember
IWA&HWGMember
MemberofExpertsExchange
MemberofELearningGuild
MemberofWAOE
ChiefInformationOfficer
ASKPC,USA
ASKPC
TheLargestArabicTechnicalSupportCommunityinassociationwith
Microsoft
Symantec
Winternals
Sysinternals
ContacttheAuthor
admin@askpc.com
naguib@computer.org
ManyThanksto:
MuatazKhataan
(BachelorofArtEducation,ProfessionalGraphicArtist,DiplomainArtEducation)
Forhiscontributiontothelayoutandgraphicforthisstudyguide.
TamerSolieman
(BSc.CS,AinShamsUniversity)
Forhisnotes.
Thisbookisprotectedbyinternationalcopyrightlaw
Copyright2006www.askpc.com
"
" ACTSP
ASKPC

.

.

Software
Hardware
A+
ACTSP ASKPC
Symantec.
Microsoft,Winternals&
A
AC
CT
TS
SP

ASK PC
Technical Support Professional
ASKPC Certified

.Microsoft
:

.
.
ComputerHardwareOrganizationFundamentals

Computer Science
Hardware Organization
Hardware
M
Mootth
heerrb
booaarrdoorM
MaaiinB
Booaarrd

ExpansionSlots SystemBuses
Processor
Memory Modules
Motherboard
Motherboard

.

.

Power Supply
Power supplies
Motherboard
Power Supply
:ATPower Supply

Memory Modules

Processor
Expansion Slots
PowerSupply
Motherboard
.
:BabyAT
:ATX Power Supply

Power Supply
INTEL
ATX
ATX
Motherboard ATX
Pentium Pro
Motherboards
AT
.Motherboard
AT
Processor
Power Supply
AT
ATX
AT
ATX
!
,
PowerSupply
Regulator
20PINPowerConnector
AT
ATX
Soft Switch
Software
AT
Power
WakeOnLAN
Standby
Softswitch
Motherboard
PowerSupply
Servers
Hot Swappable
Power Supply
PowerSupply
Case
PowerSupply
ComputerCase
Power Supply
Case
Power Supply
Motherboard
C
Ceen
nttrraalP
Prroocceessssiin
ngU
Un
niit(C
CP
PU)
Central Processing Unit
Processor
Intel
AMD
IntelAMD
Intel
Memory

AMD
Pentium Celeron
Motherboard
Intel
Athlon
AMD
.
:
GHz
1Gigahertz(GHz)=1000Megahertz=1000000Hertz
Hertz
System
Cache
L1Cache L2Cache L Level
Level 1cache
Level 2cache
Cache
L1cache
cache
L2cache
Processor
L2 Cache
Processor
Memory
FSB FrontSideBus
L1
RAM
10
FSB
. :
Mintransistors=Million
Cache
Pentium Intel
Celeron
Celeron
cache
L2

Pentium

L2 cache
Celeron L2 cache
Celeron
Celeron L2 cache
Cache
Intel
Intel
Pentium
Celeron
LGA
Celeron
Pentium
LandGrid
11
Array
Socket
Pins
. .
775K
LGA
Processor
Sockets
LGA 775
.
:
:Socket370 IntelPentiumIII
:Socket423
2GHz Socket478
:Socket478
for(FSB)
:Socket 603
Xeon
100,133,200MHz
PGA Pin grid array
400MHz FSB
:Socket604 IntelXeon

PGA Pin grid array
533MHz FSB
:SocketA
AMD
C
CM
MO
OS

SeeMOS
Complementary MetalOxide Semiconductor
Hardware
SystemPassword
CMOS
F1
CMOS
CMOS
Jumper
.CMOS
12
Jumper
CMOS
CMOS
Motherboard
Del F2
BIOS
CMOS
HardDisk
CMOS
B
BIIO
OS

Basic Input/Output System
Hardware
CMOS
BIOSFirmware
COMM Ports
BIOS
Flash Bios
FirmwareUpgrade Upgrade
13
Motherboard
BIOS
OnSelfTest Check
CMOS
POST
BIOS
Power
Hard Disk
PleasePressF1tocontinue MemoryError Beep

POST
B
BU
US
SE
ES

Motherboard Buses
Buses
.
.DataBus
Processor
SystemBus

PCI
PCISlots
PCI

SystemBuses
FSB/BSB
BSB
CPU
Buses
FrontSide bus
.DataBuses
.RAM
RAM FSB
CPU
BUS
14
BUSES I/O BUSES

ISA
Keyboard
Mouse
ExpansionSlots
.IndustryStandardArchitecture
PCI Slots

Buses
Slots
ISASlots
Intel
Peripheral Component
.Interconnect
PCISlots
15
PCI
PCI 64Bit 66MHz
32bit 64bit 33MHz
PCI
2.0
PCI
PCI
66,133,266,533MegaTransfer/sec(MTS).

MHz
PCIX
PCI X
10
GB Fiber Optics
PCI X
" "
PCIXCards
.AGP
AGP
Slots
Accelerated Graphic Port
AGP
Memory
66MHz
Video
PCI
PCI
AGPSlot
Hardware
16
IIR
RQ

Network card
Hardware
Processor
Hardware
Hardware
Hardware
IRQ
Hardware
Interrupt
.Request
D
DM
MA

Direct Memory Access
Hardware
Hardware
RAM

IRQ DMA

IRQ DMA I/O Address
IRQ
Hardware
I/OAddress
UsedBy
IRQ
40h
SystemClock
60h
Keyboard
Cascade
2F8h/2E8h
Com2/4
3F8h/3E8h
Com1/3
278h/220h
LPT2/Sound
3F0h
Floppy
378h
LPT1
70h
RealTimeClock
Open
Open/NIC
10
Open/VGA
11
A000
17
PS/2Mouse
12
13 MathCoprocessor
170h
PrimaryIDE
14
1F0h
SecondaryIDE
15
Motherboards
32 Bit
64 Bit
64 Bit
18
SystemMemory

L2 cache
Memory
RAM ROM
RandomAccessMemory ReadOnlyMemory
BIOS ROM
Bios
Firmware
RAM
Buses
FSB
R
RA
AM
M

RAM
RAM
SRAM
DRAM
19
DRAM Dynamic RAM

Refresh
Capacitors
.data corruption
RAM
Data
1 GIGA byte
DRAM
DRAM
RAM SRAM Static RAM
DRAM
DRAM
Refresh
L2cache SRAM
ASRAM(AsynchronousSRAM)
SBSRAM(SynchronousBurstSRAM)
PBSR(PipelineBurstSRAM)

DRAM SRAM
NVRAM
NonVolatile Random Access Memory

Memory Stick
SDRAM
FlashMemory
DRAM
Battery
20
DRAM
DRAM
RDRAM(RambusDynamicRAM)
SDRAM(SynchronousDRAM)
SDRSDRAM(SingleDataRateSDRAM)
DDRSDRAM(DoubleDataRateSDRAM)
DDR2SDRAM(DoubleDataRate2SDRAM)
)DDR3SDRAM(DoubleDataRate3SDRAM
SIMM(Singleinlinememorymodule)
DIMM(Dualinlinememorymodule)
RAM
DIMM SIMM
SIMM
PIN 32 Bit data bus DIMM

RAM
DDR
32 PIN 72
64Bitdatabus 72PIN 240PIN
DIMM
RAM
DIMM SODIM
Small outline
21
RAM
SDRAM
Clock Speed
CPU
Synchronous SDRAM

SDR SDRAM

SDRAM
DDR SDRAM
Bandwidth
SDR SDRAM
PC100 PC133 DDR
PC66
DDR SDRAM
SDRAM
SDR
DDR2 DDR3
DDR
400533
DDR2 667800
DDR3
1066
DDR DDR2

RDRAM
Rambus DRAM
22
Rambus
DDR

Rambus
Motherboards
RAM
RAM
Video
AGP Cards
AGP

AGPCard
PCI
H
HaarrdD
Diissk
ks

Hard Disk
HardDisk
23
Hard Disk
Heads
IBM
Hard Disk
Seagate .Westerndigital

Harddisk
HardDisk
HardDisk
HardDisk
Hard Disk
Platters
Platter
Heads Platter
Platters
Sectors
Tracks
Magnetic
Sector
Platter
Hard

Tracks
Sectors
24
Sector
Track
HardDisk
Cylinder
Heads
Tracks
Hard
Platters
Platter
.Platter
FM(FrequencyModulation)
HardDisk
HardDisks
Floppy
)MFM(ModifiedFrequencyModulation
25
HardDisk
RLL (RunLength Limited)

.
ESDI(EnhancedSmallDeviceInterface)
.HardDisk
34PIN
IDE(IntegratedDriveElectronics)

ATA
.40PIN
EIDE(EnhancedIntegratedDriveElectronics)
Western Digital Transfer Rate

IDE Standard
Attachment Packet Interface ATAPI

CDROM
AT
.HardDisk
)IDEPIO(ProgrammedInputOutput

Processor
Hard
UltraDMA

DMA Direct Memory Access
DMA
16MB/s
Ultra ATA/66
Ultra DMA 33MB /s

UDMA 4
.66.7MB/s
26
Small
Hard Disk
ATA
Standard
Computer system Interface
SCSI
ATA

IDE
HardDisk
HardDisk
Parallel ATA
80 PIN Connector
IDE
Hard
Disk HardDisk CDROM Drive

)( Slave
)(
Jumpers
Master
Hard Master Slave
HardDisk CDROMDrive
DATA

Jumper
Hard Disk Maxtor
HardDisk
Master Slave
HardDisk
27
CableSelect

Master Slave Hard Disk
Jumper CableSelect
(Serial ATA)
:SATA
HardDisk
Motherboards

. .
. .
. ExternalHardDisk .eSATA
28
SCSI
Hard Disk
SCSIController
.HardDisk
Hard
:Disk
)LBA (Logical BlockAddressing

Hard Disk
Cylinder
Sector
Motherboard
Sector, Head,
LBA
.ZERO
MBR(MasterBootRecord)

Sector HardDisk
Boot
Floppy

MBR
HardDisk CDROM
Active Partition
Partition Table
Boot
MBR
InvalidPartitionTable
MissingOperatingSystem
ErrorloadingoperatingSystem

MBR
MBR Virus
RAID(redundantarrayofinexpensive/independentdisks)
Servers
Hard Disk
Mirroring
Copy
Servers
Motherboard
29
RAID
HardDisk
Hardware
30
RemovableMedia
Removable
Drive CDROMDrive
Floppy
.F
Flloop
pp
pyD
DiisskD
Drriivve

Floppy Disk Drive
Floppy Disk Floppy Disk Drive
5.25" 3.5"
FloppyDiskDrive
FloppyDiskdrive
FloppyDisk3.5"
5.25"FloppyDisk
DATA
Power
31
C
CDRaan
ndC
CDR
RW C
CDR
RO
OMD
DR
RIIV
VE
CDROM
Compact Disk Read Only
Memory

:

Sony

Philips
CDROM Drive Hard Disk
Motor
CD
head
.
.
beam
CDDrive
Leaser
HardDisk
Sectors
32
CDR
CompactDiskWriteOnceReadMany

CDROM
CDR
CDR

CDR
ONE
Zero&
CDR
CDROMDRIVE
Factor
2X
150 KB/s 300KB/s
33
50X
7500 KB/s =
CLV(ConstantLinearVelocity)
CAV(ConstantAngularVelocity)

transfer rate
Tracks
head
transfer rate head
CLV
CLV
CAV

.CLV
CAV
head
Outside track
!!!
CDROM DRIVES
CDRW
CDRewriteableDisk

CDR
CDR
CDRW
34
Flat 100%
CDROM/CDRWDrivesInterfaces

Motherboard
IDE(ATAPI)

HardDisk
SCSI

HardDisk
USB IEEE1394
USB
CDRW
External
.FireWire
CDR 650 MB
CDR
.AudioTracks
CDR 700 MB
DigitalAudioTracks
CDR900MB
35
DRIVE
DVD
CDRMini150MB
Over Burn
3.5"
DVDDrive
DVD DigitalVersatile(Video)Disk

CD Drive
DVD
Single
Frequency Red Laser DVDR DVD
2.6 GB
DVD
:
DVD
DVD Drive
Drive
Reader
CDR
DVD
Drives
DVD
CD
ComboDrive
CDRW + DVD
Blue Laser
DVD
15GB
!.
Media
Tape Drive
Removable

.TapeBackup

Audio Tapes
DAT
Digital
ZIP Drive USB

Floppy Disk
36
PeripheralDevices
37
PeripheralDevices

PeripheralDevices
Wireless
Infrared
USB
IEEE1394
FireWwire
Parallel
Serial
Radio
Bluetooth
Serial

Bit
Full Duplex
HalfDuplex
Serial
Serial Peripherals
Modem Protocols
Synchronous Asynchronous
Synchronous
Asynchronous
38
Mouse
Serial
.keyboard
Parallel

12Mb/s
Printers
Serial
8Bit Bandwidth
Dongle
Scanners
ExternalHardDrives
USB
UniversalSerialBus
Serial Parallel
Compaq Microsoft IBM
keyboard
Mouse
Printers
Low Bandwidth
USB
Hot Swapping
10m USB 2.0
USB USB 1.1
CDROMDrives ExternalHardDrives
12Mb/s
480 Mb/s
IEEE1394orFireWire

Apple
HighBandwidthDevices
400Mb/s
39
IBM
USB 2.0 FireWire
. ExternalhardDisks
WirelessPeripherals

Infrared
Bluetooth
Radio
Wireless
keyboard Wireless Mouse IrDA Infra Red Data

PDA Personal
Association
DeviceAssistance
Mb
12Mb/s
Mega Bit Mega Byte IrDA
KeyboardMouse
Radio
Bluetooth

Bluetooth
40
41
Ports& Connectors

Monitor
Cables&Interfaces
Cables&Interfaces
42
43
ModemDevice

Modem
Serial
InternalModem ExternalModemModem
Modulate Demodulate
Modulation
Digital Data
Demodulation
Analogue Data
Analogue Digital
InternalPCIModem
ExternalUSBModem
44
Printers
Monitor
Output Devices
:
.
ImpactPrinters

head
Print
DotMatrix
InkjetPrinters

Bubble Jet
Printers
Printers
Piezoelectric
Printers
jet
Bubble
Head
Head
Nozzles
Nozzle
.Canon

Piezoelectric
Piezocrystal
Head
Epson
45
Canon
LaserPrinters

Photosensitive
Head
Drum
.
.
.
.
.
.
Cleaning
Conditioning
Writing
Developing
Transferring
Fusing
Cleaning .
Drum Toner
Conditioning . Drum
Writing .
Drum
Drum
46
Developing .
Toner
Drum
Toner
.Drum
Transferring .
Transfer Corona

Fusing .
Drum
Toner
Toner
Toner
47
MultimediaDevicesorA/V

Audio Video
Multimedia
VideoCards

AGP
PCI X
PCI
Pixel
DPI
1024X768
640 X 480
VideoMemory

GPU
48
colors True Colors

Color Depth
256 Color
Bios
32 Bit
Video Memory
4,294,967,296
Video card
Video
GPU
RMDAC RAMDigitalToAnalogConverter
49
Computer Monitor

.

Blue
Pixel RGB RedGreen
CRT
cathode ray tube
DOTPITCH
Refresh Rate
Hz
60Hz
60Hz
80 to 85Hz
.
!
50
51
SoundCards

.
.

ADC Analogue to Digital converter
Digital to Analogue Converter
DAC
DAC
ADC
Sample Rate
Audio
.Samplerate44.1KHz
MIDI
Musical Instrument Digital Interface
.Joystick
Creative
52
PCI slot
BuiltIn
USBExternalSoundCard
Multimedia
Satellite Cards Digital Video Box
Workshop
53
Networking

.
Modem
LAN Local Area Network
NIC Card
NICCard NetworkInterfaceCard

PCI Slot
BuiltIn
LAN
LAN
54
Networkcard
RJ45
Cable Network
LAN
.WirelessNetwork
Ethernet

.

Ethernet
10Mb/s
fastEthernet 100Mb/
55
NetworkCables

Network Cables
Pair
X
UTP UnshieldedTwisted
Category X
CAT5
FastEthernet 100Mb/s
Category5
.UTP
UTP
UTP
RJ45
Terminal
Jack RJ45
100Mb/s FastEthernet
100m
56
Cable
Type
Speed
Length
Nodes
#ofPairs
Category
10BaseT
100BaseT
1000BaseT
10Mbit
100Mbit
1000Mbit
100meters
100meters
100meters
1024
1024
1024
2
2
4
3
5
7
Fiber optics
Satellite
Coaxial Cables
NetworkType
CableType
MaximumLength
DataRate
10Base5
Coax
500mper
segment
10Mb/s
10Base2
Coax
185mper
segment
10Mb/s
10BaseT
UTP
100mper
segment
10Mb/s
10BaseF
Fiber
4Km
10Mb/s
100BaseT
UTP
100mper
segment
100Mb/s
VGAnyLan
UTP/STP
Varieswithcable
type
100Mb/sFast
Ethernet
100BaseT4
4pairCat3,4,or
5UTP
100mper
segment
100Mb/s
100BaseTX
2pairCat5UTPor
Cat1STP
100mbetweenthe
hubandnetwork
node
100Mb/sFast
Ethernet
100BaseFX
Fiber
2Km
100Mb/sFast
Ethernet
Category3
UTP
100m,including
patchpaneland
10Mb/sEthernet,
4&16Mb/sToken
100Base
patchcables
Category5
UTP
90m(100m
includingpatch
panelsandpatch
cables)
57
Ringand
VGAnyLanat16
MHz
100Mb/sFast
Ethernetat100
MHz
Table19:AdditionalDetailsforCoaxialEthernet
CableType
PopularName
Length
Taps/Nodes
543Rule
10Base5
Thicknet
500meters
100
Yes
10Base2
Thinnet
185meters
30
Yes
1000Mb/s GigabitEthernet
Ethernet
58
WirelessNetwork
PCI Slot
.PCcard
!Error
!Error
3Com
54Mbps
PCISlot
59
Access Point
Routers
Access
Wireless Switches

.DLink
Point
NetworkTopology

BusTopology
BusTopology
RingTopology
RingTopology
60
MeshTopology
StartTopology
61
Switch
StarTopology
Hub
Nodes
Star
Protocols

IPX/SPX :
Internetwork Packet Exchange
Sequence Packet Exchange
MultiPlayer
IPX
TCP/IP

Internet
TransmissionControlProtocol
Protocol
TCP/IP
Tools
Protocols UDP User Datagram

Protocol TCP/IP

Octet
IP
0 255
BinarySystem
DHCP
DynamicHostConfiguration Protocol
62
IP
IP

.Dynamic

www.askpc.com
NameServer
IPS
DNS Domain
NIC
.NetworkInterfaceCard
MAC Address
Control
Media Access
Address
MAC Address ROM
.Physical
Hardware
63
HardwareTroubleshooting
Problems& Solutions

Hardware
B
BooootP
Prroob
blleem
ms
POST Power on self test
Check
LongBeep

RAM
RAM
DIMM
Bank
SystemMemory
.RAM
RAMS
.SIMM
LongBeepthenTwoShortbeeps

Videocard
: .
LongBeepthen 3Shortbeeps
.

ContinuesBeep
.
BeepCodes
Parity
64
Motherboard
.
.
E
ErrrroorM
Meessssaaggees
)(Sectornotfound,generalfailure,etc.

MBR BadSector
Hard
.Disk
:
BadSector
Boot Record
HardDisk

Partition Table
BootableDisk
HardDisk
PhysicalError
BootableCDROM
Hard
CannotloadCOMMAND.COM,systemhalted

Windows 95
Command.com
DOS
:
.
Errorloadingdrivec

HardDisk
File system
.Sectornotfound
Invaliddrivespecification

Drive Letter
Format
Hard
datalifeguard
Partition table
FDisk
Windows
WesternDigital
.
65
Notreadyreadingdrivex

CDRom Floppy
Floppy
Disk
RemovableMedia
Hard Disk
HardDisk
Hard
Power
power supply
Processor
PowerSupply
Processor
Motherboard
Processor
Motherboard
Motherboard
Monitor

Restart
RAM
RAM
.
Virus
Restart
MBR
. Power Supply
66
Processor Fan
Restart
POST
HD
Power cable
HD
HD
www.askpc.com
.Hardware
67
SoftwareTroubleshooting
IndepthknowledgeofOperatingSystem

Windows XP
:W
Wiin
nd
doow
wsX
XP

Windows XP Professional
WindowsXPHomeEdition WindowsXPCE
Professional
Administrative Tools
PDA
Home
Security
CE
.PocketPC
XP
68
FAT File Allocation Table
Millennium DOS

ME
FAT16 NTFS 5
GUI GraphicalUserInterface
CDI CommandDriven Interface
CommandPrompt
69
70
OperatingSystemFeatures

WindowsXP
Pro
.
Remote Desktop
AdministrativeTools
EFS EncryptedFileSystem
OfflineFiles&Folders
Multiprocessor
NTFS
XPPro
800X600Pixel
71
O
OSC
Coom
mp
poon
neen
ntts
VirtualMemory
FileSystem
Registry
R
Reeggiissttrry
Registry

Software Hardware
ControlPanel
Registry
regedit.exe Start<Run
regedit.exe
Editor
Registry
72
HKEY_CLASSE
S_ROOT

Classes
OLE
HKEY_CURREN
T_USER

User
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
hardware Drivers
Devices
HKEY_USERS

UserProfiles
73
HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG
HardwareProfile
Hardware
REG_BINARY
.Hexadecimal
REG_DWORD
.Hardware
4byte
REG_EXPAND_SZ
Variable
REG_MULTI_SZ
.
REG_SZ
.FixedString
REG_FULL_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR
Drivers Hardware
74
Entries
Nameofthevalue
datatypeofthevalue
Valueitself
Backup
www.askpc.com/vbx
75
VirtualMemory

Hard Disk
memory
Physical
RAM
Memory
Virtual
Swapping
4Giga
Virtual Memory
PhotoShop
CPU
Registers
Cache
RAM
VirtualMemory
76
FileSystem

.
File System
HD
Hierarchy
..
File System
Sector
512 bytes
Sector
FilesSystem
Sectors
D
DiisskF
Fiillessyysstteem

Hard Disk CDROM
FAT,NTFS,ext2,ISO9660
FAT File Allocation Table
HD
MBR
.HD
77
N
NeettwoorrkF
FiilleS
Syysstteem

Distributed File System
DFS
.SharedFileSystem
D
Daattaab
baasseF
FiilleS
Syysstteem
hierarchy
FAT 16
Sector
FAT NTFS
NTFS
FAT
HD FAT 32
NT
Diskquota
NTFS
Security
78
O
OSIIn
ntteerrffaacce
Interface
WindowsExplorer

Explorer
HTML
Internet
.IE
explorer.exe
MyComputer

HD
CDDrives Networkdrives
79
C
Coon
nttrroolP
Paan
neell

.WindowsXP
ClassicView
ControlPanel
80
Accessibility

..

AddHardware

Driver
Wizard
Hardware
Add/RemovePrograms

.WindowsComponents
81
AdministrativeTools

System Administrator
System Security System Performance
Interface
Date&Time
.Bios
Display

Wallpapers
Folderoptions

Explorer
Tools
.FolderOption
Fonts

Fonts
OS
82
GameControllers

Games
Joystick
InternetOptions

InternetExplorer
Keyboard

Mouse
.

NetworkConnections

Firewall
LAN
83
Phone&ModemOptions

Modem
PowerOptions

supply
UPS Uninterruptiblepower
Printers&faxes

Regional &LanguageSettings

.
84
Scanners&Cameras

Scanners
SecurityCenter

Firewall
update
WindowsXPSP2
Automatic
.EnableorDisable
Sound&AudioDevices

.
SpeechSetting

.
System

Hardware
85
Taskbar&Startmenu

start
UserAccounts

Administrator
C
Coom
mp
pu
utteerM
Maan
naaggeem
meen
ntC
Coon
nssoollee

Administrative tools
Remote Computer
Local Computer
86
managementconsole
Computer
RightClick
Manage
My
Managementconsol
Services&Application
SystemTools
Storage
S
SyysstteemT
Toooolls
EventViewer

Events
Security logs
Sharedfolders

Sharing
Performancelogs&Alerts
System
DeviceManager

System
Drivers
87
S
Sttoorraagge
:
Removablestorage

.CD
DiskDefragmenter
Defrag HD
HD
Diskmanagement

HD
S
Seerrvviiccees&A
Ap
pp
plliiccaattiioon
ns

:
Services

88
WMIControl
Windowsmanagementinstrument
IndexingServices

OS Interface
Workshop
Workshop
89
A
Acccceessssoorriiees&S
SyysstteemT
Toooolls

Programs
Accessibility
.

Communications

Remote
.Access
Entertainment
.
SystemTools

Backup
System restore
AddressBook

Outlook
.Express
Accessories
90
CommandLineInterface
CLI
DOS
N
Neettw
woorrkP
Pllaaccees

LAN
.IP
91
T
Taassk
kb
baar&S
SyysstteemT
Trraay
Taskbar
Tray
System

StartMenu

Start
C:\Documentsandsettings\username\startmenu\
username Account
Start
.Mouse
92
D
DeevviicceM
Maan
naaggeer

Drivers
ControlPanel
Workshop
.System
OS Interface
93
S
SyysstteemF
Fiillees&D
DiisskP
Paarrttiittiioon
ns

Disk Partitions
Windows NT
Windows2000 WindowsXP
Windows 95 Windows 3.11
.NT
NT
Boot.ini

Defaults
OS
..

BOOTSECT.DOS
.
94
NTDETECT.COM
Hardware
Hardware

.Detect
NTLDR
.

NTOSKRNL.EXE
.

HAL.DLL
.HardwareAbstractionLayer
Hardware
OSLOADER.EXE
Reduce Instruction Set Computer RISC
.IBM
NTBOOTDD.EXE
Removable Media

.SCSI
95
BOOT.INI
Bootloader
Operatingsystems
Bootloader
Timeout

.

Default
96
OperatingSystems

multi(in)
partition(n) n
rdisk(n)
HD n
SCSI \path
NTLDR

RemovableMedia
NTDETECT.COM
NT
:
.32bit
.BootDisk
Boot.ini
BOOTSECT.DOS
NT
.NTDETECT.COM
NTOSKRNL.EXE
NTDETECT.COM
Hidden File
Hardware
Root
NTLDR Hardware
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
NTDETECT.COM
Registry
BUS
NTUSER.DAT
97
HKEY_CURRENT_USER
Registry DataFiles

2000 NT
Security
System
Default
Sam
Software
System.dat
Ntuser.dat
Registry
StartRunregedit
98
DiskPartitions
Fdisk
Format
Hard Disk
Partitions
HardDisk
. FAT16.FAT32
. .
.
HD
.
. .
. .HD
. .
H
HD
99
FDISK
Bootable
Boot
FDISK
DOS
Hard Disk
FDISK
HardDisk
FDISK
Hard Disk
Data Life Guard
Western Digital
Partition
Format

Partition
Format
HardDisk
HD
Extended
Partition
Primary
Partition
Logical
Drives
Physical
Drive
Drivesfrom
DtoZ
C:Drive
OrPartition
Drive Partitions
PhysicalDrive
D Z Drives
Logical
100
Drive
Active Partition

Drive
Windows XP
Consol
Partition Magic
HD
Hard Disk
Management
HD Western Digital
LargeDrives
HD
FDISK
Large Drives
137GB
WindowsXPSP2
101
FileSystems

.FileSystems

Sectors
Sector
Sector
F
FA
AT116

Windows
DOS
16 bit
FAT16
Partition 2.1GB 4GB
Partition 65,536
. .LongFileNames
.

Large Clusters
Cluster = (n) sector n
4Kcluster=8sectors
Partitions
. .Security
.Partition
F
FA
AT332

32 bit
2048MB
Partition
Cluster
.4K
MBR FAT
102
..

N
NT
TF
FS4
OS/2
16GB
Partition
. .
.
Cluster
. .Security
. .Partition
. .
.
BadClusters
:
. .WindowsNT,2000,XP
. .400MB
.
Format Floppy Zipdrive
N
NT
TF
FS5

:
. .FileandFolderEncryptions
.
PerUserDiskQuota
.Servers
. .ActiveDirectory
103
DirectoryStructure

Directory=manyFiles
.
:
Filenameandextension
FileAttributebyte
FileSize

104
Extensions
EXE
ExecutableFile
DLL
Dynamic Link Library
Drv
Driver
Hardware
Sys

FileAttributes

105
ReadOnly

.

Hidden
.ShowHiddenFiles
System
.
Archive

Archive bit
Date
.modified
Partitions Directories & Files
CLI Command line Interface
106
Workshop
Flash
CommandLineInterface&SystemUtilities

DOS
StartRuncmd

DOS
exit
Copy

:
107
]Copy[filepath/filename][destination

filepath
filename
Copy*.*c
.C

Del
:
]Del[filepath/filename
del *.*

current
.directory
Ren
:
]Ren[filepath/oldfilename][newfilename
:
Renc:name.txtnew.txt
DELTREE

:
DELTREE[Directoryname]
DIR

:
DIR/P
DIR/W
DIR *.txt
.txt
EDIT
.ASCIITEXT
108
MD
CreateDirectory
MDtest test
CD
:

CD\
CD..
Root
CD[DirectoryName]
PING

Node
.
:

PING192.168.0.1
IP
PINGa192.168.0.1
IP Hostname
PINGwww.yahoo.com

IP
commandline
PING
?PING/
109
PING
Folder
HD
Boot
DOS Bootable CD
Disk CDROM
FAT
NORTON NORTON Commander
DOS

!
.
S
SyysstteemU
Uttiilliittiiees
NTBACKUP

:

StartRunNTBACKUP

Backup
110
Restore
CHKDSK
Check Disk

SCANDISK
Workshop
HD
StartRunCHKDSK
.Ctrl+C

DEFRAG

Command line
Accessories System tools
Command
Commandline
DEFRAG.EXE[DRIVE]b
111
DRIVE
Boot
?DEFRAG.EXE

DiskCLEANUP

..
:

StartProgramsAccessoriesSystemToolsDiskCleanUp
112
SCANDISK

Right Click
Scan Properties

.Tools
MSCONFIG.EXE

.
start up
Workshop
113
REGEDIT

Registry
startRunregedit
SYSEDIT

SystemEditor
StartRunsysedit :

PerformanceMonitor

:

managementconsole
StartRunperfmon.msc
114
TASKMANAGER

Taskbar
Taskmanager
Right Click
.Taskmanager
Applications
.
115
Process
.
Performance
.
116
INSTALLINGWINDOWSXPPRO

Workshop
A CPU with 300 MHz, Intel Pentium/Celeron family or AMD

Athlon/Duron/K6family
128MBRAM
1.5GBoffreeHardDiskspace
SuperVGAorHigherVideoAdapter
CDROMorDVD
KeyboardorMouse
117
XP
Workshop
XP
Workshop
IIS
O
Op
peerraattiin
ngS
SyysstteemT
Trroou
ub
blleessh
hoooottiin
ng
MostCommonErrorMessages

Invalidbootfailure
.
.

.
CMOS
HD
.HardDisk
Inaccessiblebootdevice
:
.
.WindowsRegistry
Badsector
Data
.Power
HardDisk
.BootsectorVirus .
118
N
NT
TL
LD
DR
NTLDRismissing
Pressctrl+alt+dlttorestartsystem

NTLDR NTDETECT.com Boot.ini
Bootcan'tfindNTLDR
Disk
NTLDR,Ntdetect.com,Boot.ini,Ntbootdd.sys

.Boot.ini
Windowsfailedtostarbecauseofmissing<DLLname>wasnotfound

DLL
.Device

Safe Mode
Restart
DLL
msconfig
Startup
119
FailuretostartGUI

.
. .SafeModeCommandPromptOnly
. .WindowsPath
. .<WindowsDrivePath>\rstrui.exe :

GU
WindowsProtectionError

:
.
.VirtualDriver
Virus
.Motherboard
BIOS

:
.
BIOS
. .
.
.
powermanagement
.Screensaver
.RAM
120
HARDWARE
. .SafeMode
. .SystemRestore
. .
InvalidPageFault

RAM
IllegalOperation

HD
Driver
.HD
www.askpc.com/vbx
Workshop
121

.
.
Hardware Software
Hardware
Software
www.askpc.com/vbx
.

google
W
Wiin
nd
doow
wsN
Neettw
woorrk
kiin
ng
Windows XP
122
Connections
Network
Places
My Network
New Connection

Setupahomeorofficenetwork

Firewall
123
Connection
Properties TCP/IP
192.168.0.2
192.168.0.254
IP
SubnetMask

Networksegments
. 255.255.255.0
DefaultGateway

Gateway
Gateway
192.168.0.1
DNSserver
Sharing
Sharing
NTFS
Security
124
Permissions
Limits
Permissions
Simplesharing FolderOptions
Limits
125
Workshop

.Microsoft
126
W
Woorrk
kssh
hoop
Microsoft Symantec Winternals

.
:

ASKPC
127
R
Reeffeerreen
nccees
ComputerHardwareArchitecture&Organizations,PrenticeHall
MicrosoftKB,MicrosoftCorp.
MicrosoftTechNet,MicrosoftCorp.
Hacking WindowsXP,WileyPublishing
Winternals,Administration,Troubleshooting,USA
SystemTools,Sysinternals,USA
DictionaryofNetworking,Sybex
NetworkTroubleshooting,O'Reilly
128
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CertifiedTechnicalSupportProfessionalStudyGuide ACTSPCertification

Technical Support Professional

:ATX Power Supply

L1Cache L2Cache L Level

PGA Pin grid array

PGA Pin grid array

Complementary MetalOxide Semiconductor

Basic Input/Output System

PleasePressF1tocontinue MemoryError Beep

BUSES I/O BUSES

PCI 64Bit 66MHz

32bit 64bit 33MHz

Accelerated Graphic Port

Direct Memory Access

IRQ DMA I/O Address

DRAM Dynamic RAM

RAM SRAM Static RAM

NonVolatile Random Access Memory

PIN 32 Bit data bus DIMM

64Bitdatabus 72PIN 240PIN

PC100 PC133 DDR

RLL (RunLength Limited)

Attachment Packet Interface ATAPI

DMA Direct Memory Access

Ultra DMA 33MB /s

Computer system Interface

Disk HardDisk CDROM Drive

Hard Master Slave

Hard Disk Maxtor

Master Slave Hard Disk

)LBA (Logical BlockAddressing

Floppy Disk Drive

Floppy Disk Floppy Disk Drive

CDROM Drive Hard Disk

150 KB/s 300KB/s

transfer rate head

Frequency Red Laser DVDR DVD

ZIP Drive USB

Compaq Microsoft IBM

10m USB 2.0

USB USB 1.1

USB 2.0 FireWire

keyboard Wireless Mouse IrDA Infra Red Data

Mega Bit Mega Byte IrDA

colors True Colors

Pixel RGB RedGreen

cathode ray tube

ADC Analogue to Digital converter

Digital to Analogue Converter

Musical Instrument Digital Interface

Satellite Cards Digital Video Box

LAN Local Area Network

Internetwork Packet Exchange

Sequence Packet Exchange

Protocols UDP User Datagram

MAC Address ROM

POST Power on self test

FAT File Allocation Table

CDI CommandDriven Interface

Hard Disk CDROM

FAT File Allocation Table

Distributed File System

System Security System Performance