: 1

JJG JJJG 1 3 2
= . BI .BE
- iii a :
4
7
. cos
- iv
12
7
7
. tan
sin
- v
12
12
.3 . a = 1 :
JJJG JJJG
- i A, AB, AD .

ABC AB = 1 : BC = 2 . CA = 2

.1 -
. cos BAC
JJJG JJJG
1
. AB. AC =
- :
2
JJJG JJJG G
.2 D :
. DB + 2 DC = 0
JJJG 1 JJJG JJJG
- :
. AD = AB + 2 AC
3 JJJG JJJG
- . AB. AD :
- . ABD
: 2 , OAB
. O OA = OB = 2a : a \*+

- ii 4 x + 2 y 1 = 0

)(

) ( JC . J
- iii A C ) ( .

: 4

M ] [OA N ] [OB
. OM + ON = 2a I ] . [ AB

GG
O, i, j :

5+ 3 5 3
D
,
) A ( 3,3 ) B (1,3 ) C (1,1
2
2
- i .1 A B C D .
- ii ABC . B
. ABC
JJJG JJJG 1
- i .2 :
= cos AC , AD
2
JJJG JJJG
JJJG JJJG
- ii sin AC , AD . AC , AD > 0 :
JJJG JJJG
- iii AC , AD []4,5

)
(

- i .3 D ) . ( AC

.1 - IA . a
- AM + BN = 2a :
JJG JJJJG JJG JJJG
- AI . AM + BI .BN = 2a 2 :
.2 - AM = 2 BI BN :BN = 2 AI AM :
- IBN IAM :
IM = IN
2
2
.3 - . MN = 4a 2 AM .BN :
- IMN . I
JJJG JJG
JJJG JJG
.4 . AM cos IM , IA = BN sin IM , IA :

- ii . ABCD
.4 A
) . ( AC

: 5
OAB O
OA = 4 : I ]. [OA
JJJG 1 JJJG
E :
. AE = OB
4
JJG JJG
.1 IB.IE = 0 :
GG
.2 O, i, j :
G 1 JJJG
G 1 JJJG
i = OA j = OB
4
4
- ) . ( BE

: 3
ABCD I . a
. BCE J ] [ AD
K ] . [ BC
.1 .
JJG JJG
- i .2 IJ .IC . a
JJG JJG 1 + 3 2
= . IB.IE
- ii a :
4

- ) ( I
) . ( BE
1

JJJG JJJG
JJJG JJJG
.2 CA .CB . CA, CB

.3 N ) , ( BE . t
JJJG JJJG 1
2
- . NO.NA = ( 5t 16 ) :
16
- F ) ( BE

.3 ) ( D C
) . ( AB
.4 H C ) . ( AB

) ( FO ) ( FA.

. HC

- F ) ( .
JJJG JJJG
JJJG 1 JJJG
.1 ABCD ] [ DA
(4 P . AP = OB : cos PB, PO
2
] [ DB K B
:6
) . ( AC
GG
x
1
1
2
JJJG JJJG
JJJ
G
JJJ
G
A
:

O
,
i, j

- AB.BC = AD 2 :. AB. AC = AB 2 + AD 2 :
y
3
1
1
JJJJG JJJG
- :
. AB 2 + AD 2 = AK . AC
x
.1 BM .BC
.
y

GG
.2 . O, i, j
x
.2 ) ( D M :
A(0,3) : ) B(4,1 ) C (4, 1 ). D(0,1
y
JJJG JJJG
JJJJG JJJG
- AB = DC : ) ( DA
B M .B C = B A 2
- x y + 5 = 0 ) . ( D
) . ( DB
- ) ( D ) ( BC.
- ) ( B

: 13

: 7

) ( C O . R

) . ( AC

] [CD ] [ AB .

- A

M ) ( AB :

: 14

MC 2 + MD 2 = MA2 + MB 2
a : 8 b a > 0 : . b > 0
1 1
( a + b ) + 4 :
a b
a b c d :
: 9
2

a 0 . b 0 :

) ( ad bc

a 2 + b2

) (

ABC :

) ( a c ) + (b d
2

A B C D ) . ( P

) ( M ) ( P :
JJJG JJJG
JJJJG JJJJG
MA 2 MB = MC 2MD

: 15

ABCD (a \ +* ) AB = a : l =
. B
3
JJJG JJJG
a2
. CD.CB =
.1 :
2
JJJJG JJJG JJJG JJJG
.2 ) ( L M . AM . AB = CD.CB :

ABCD.
: 11
.1 a b c A
}) . {( D, a ) ; ( C , c ) ; ( B, b
.2 M :
JJJG JJJJG JJJJG JJJJG JJJJG 2
MB.MC + MC.MD MC = 0

- D ) . ( L
- ) . ( L

GG
. O, i, j

BC = 2 AB = 1 . AC = 2
2
.1 - :
. cos B l
AC =
4
JJJG JJJG
1
- :
. AB. AC =
2
JJJG JJJG G
.2 E . EB + 2 EC = 0 :
JJJG 1 JJJG JJJG
- . AE = AB + 2 AC :
JJJ3G JJJG
- AB. AE . ABE

: 10

: 12

11 3
) A(3,3 B , ). C (7,3
2 2
.1 A B . C

: 1

a b c .
:

\
JJJJG JJJJG JJJJG JJJJG
JJJJG JJJJG
6 c MA .MB + aMB .MC + b MC .MA

ABCD . AB = a
.1 ) ( 1 M :
JJJG JJJG JJJJG JJJJG JJJG JJJG JJJJG JJJJG
MA MB MC + MD = MA+ MB + MC + MD
.2 ) ( 2 M :
JJJG JJJG JJJJG JJJJG JJJG JJJG JJJJG JJJJG
MA MB MC + MD . MA + MB + MC + MD = 2a2

()

.1 :
.2

. f ( A) = a

G {( A,b+c) ;( B, a +c) ;( C, a +b)} :

M : f ( M ) = ( a + b + c ) MG 2 + f ( G ) :

: 2 ABC .3 M . f ( M ) = a :
. A AB = AC = 3a : . BC = 2a
: 6 ABC
) ( M :
a = 3 I ] [ BC
MA2 MB 2 + 3MC 2 = 50a 2
G ( A, 4 ) : ) ( B,1 ). ( C ,1
: 3 ABC A :
JJJG JJG
.1 GA = AI : . G
BC = a AC = b AB = c
.2 ) ( Ck M :
.1 H A ) . ( BC
JJJG
JJJG JJJG JJJG
JJJG JJJG
2
2
k
2
2
2
b
=
AC
.
BC
=
CH
.
CB
c
=
- BH .BC :

= ) 4MA + MB + MC k (.
2
- ) ( BC :
2
1

k
- :
= M (C k ) M G 2
b 2 HB + c 2 HC = 0
4
- H ( C , c 2 ) ; ( B , b 2 ) :
- k ) . ( Ck
.2 f \ :
ABC
: 7

. f ( M ) = b 2 MB 2 + c 2 MC 2

JJJG 1 JJJG
AB = 2 G AG = CB :
2

- . f ( M ) = a 2 MH 2 + b 2 HB 2 + c 2 HC 2 :

c4
b4
2
- ) .1 ( HC = 2 : HB = 2
a
a
2
2
. b HB + c2HC 2

2 2
- M f ( M ) = 2b c :
2

.1 - .
- G :
}){( A, 2 ) ; ( B,1) ; ( C , 1

- ) ( AG ) ( BG.

: 4 ABC
A . AB = a :
.1 G :
}) {( C ,1) ; ( B,1) ; ( A, 2

.2 :
2
2
} ( ) = {M / 2 M A + M B M C 2 = 4
- B

- ) ( .

.2 M :
G
JJJG JJJG JJJJG
G
. v = 2 MA + MB + MC v.
.3 ) ( 1 M :
JJJJJG JJJG JJJJG
JJJG JJJG JJJJG
2 MA + MB + MC = 2 MA + MB + MC

.3 ) ( BC ) . (
OAB O C
: 8
OABC .
JJJJG JJJG JJJJG JJJJG
M : BM 2 + OM .OA = BM .CM
.1 :
.2 :
JJJJ
G
JJJ
G
1

= . ( ) = M / B M 2 + O M .O A
2

.4 ) ( 2 M
. 2M A2 + M B 2 + M C 2 = a 2
:
.5 ) ( 3 M
:

: 5

)(

. 2MA2 + MB 2 + MC 2 = 6a 2

: 9

A B . :

ABC :

}( ) = {M / MA 2 3MB 2 2 MA MB = 0

AB = 1 BC = 2 AC = 3
1

 .1 A ( ) : ) . B (

- ) E (1, 4 ) . ( AB

) (B

.2 ) ( A ABC A
. B
- ) ( A

.2 ) ( .
.3 ) ( ) A (1, 1 ). B ( 2,3
ABC :
: 10
*
AB = a . a \ + I ] [ BC

) . (B
- H . ABC
.3 . ABC

: 14
GG
O, i, j :

O ] . [ AI
JJG JJJG
.1 a C I .O C . AI
.2 M :
5
2 MA 2 + MB 2 + MC 2 = 4 MO 2 + a 2
4
) (
.3 ) ( M :

7 3
) A(2, 0 ) B (0, 3 P 1+ ,
2 2

) M ( x, y x y .
JJJJG JJJG
.1 - . MO.MA
- M
JJJJG JJJG
MO.MA = 3 ) ( C ) I (1, 0

2 MA 2 + MB 2 + MC 2 = 2 a 2
: 11 ABC G .
:
f :
\
JJJJG JJJJG JJJJG JJJJG JJJJG JJJJG
M 6 f ( M ) = MB .MC + MC .MA + MA .MB

. 2
- B P ) . ( C

.1 ) f ( M MG BC CA . AB

.2 ) (T ) ( C B

.2 - ) ( ( ) = {M / f ( M ) = 0} :

l
.3 OPA = : ) ( C ) (T
- ) ( ] [ BC
4
A B . P
: 12
GG
: 15 I .
O, i, j :
) ( Ck I k
1+ 3 1 3
1 3
3 1
) k ( .
. P
,
,
N ,
M
2
M I
2
2 2
2 2
JJJJG JJJG
.1 M N
) ( M . ( M ) = M / IM .IM = k 2 :
GG
. O, i, j
.1 - ) ( M ) . ( IM
.2 - ] [OP ] [ MN .
- I ) . ( M
JJJJG JJJG
- O M .M P MP . OM
.2 A B .
- OMPN .
:
) . A ( B ) B ( A
G JJJJG

. i, OM
.3 -
.3 M .
6
JJJG G
) ( M ) . ( Ck
- . OP, i
GG
.4 . O, i, j


- sin . cos
12
12
- ) . ( A

: 13

- ) ( A ) . ( C2

GG
. O, i, j

: 16

ABC .

. ( ) = {M / MA2 + MB 2 + MC 2 = 9} :

) A(7, 4 ) B(5, 2 ) C (2,1 .

.1 - 3x y 17 = 0
) . ( AB

- ) ( D C

}. ( ) = {M / MA2 + MB 2 = 4

) . ( AB
2