CONTENTS Icon Actootledgoments LEARNING TO READ RUSSIAN Alphabet and ‘Pronunciation: Tranter: See Sins RUSSIAN HANDWRITING; MORE ON PRONUNCIATION EVERYDAY PHRASES; BASIC GRAMMAR "Naming Things: Basic Gra Gender Map of Ras DOING THINGS - VERBS; PERSONAL PRONOUNS Preset Tense: Conjogtions: Word Sze Nous and Cass, Conversation nthe Mere [ASKING QUESTIONS: THE PREPOSITIONAL CASE Incecinable Now Diaiognet POSSESSION: GOING PLACES; THE ACCUSATIVE (CASE. Rusin Penenl Names Diclopnes DESCRIBING THINGS: ADJECTIVES Masclie Feninine sn Newer Adjecives: "What Kind of... 7: "Ti nd That Prepouonl an Accotive Cates of Adjectives, Adve Mancow Sret ap PLURALS: SPELLING RULES; BUYING THINGS ‘Spelling ales Thee. Spelling Ral 2 Mapf arape NUMBERS; THE GENITIVE CASE. 1-S:00: Genitive ‘Singular and Paral; Quamites:Roubes and Dar: Beying Tings Sweet Malet “TO HAVE": MORE ON THE GENITIVE Geitie Pronouns: “Ther: Prepositions Taking the Gentine: Geniive of Adjectives, “Whether Diaioues| " wr“THE PAST; REFLEXIVE VERBS. The Founding of SePovrsbrs ‘THE FUTURE; ASPECT; THE DATIVE CASE Impertecive and Perfecive “To Wan’ Dative: To Give "To Please’ Speling Roles 3 and: Prepositions Pal; Inthe Rear Vsting Friends [ASPECT IN THE PAST: USE OF TENSES | Aspectof ‘he infintive: Rep Specks More about Whether’ Dialogue [ASPECT IN THE FUTURE; IMPERSONAL CONSTRUCTIONS Dialogne [REQUESTS AND THE IMPERATIVE Summary of [Apes ie, To Lest Tourist, Phnin Berea "THE INSTRUMENTAL CASE _Srer nd ér:Deceson of Sumames A Furl at Home; olod ond he KGB ‘TIME, DATE, AGE: ORDINAL NUMBERS. Monts ‘Years: Fhe Day Lf of Chika Thao) “THE COMPARATIVE: SUPERLATIVES: RELATIVE CLAUSES WITH KOTOPBIA (Who ‘Which’: Vicor Want Mec Mary, Siberian Seperinives: Map of Seria ‘THE CONDITIONAL; OBLIGATION (10:0KEH): PREFIXES Mary Seeks an Absent Mindd Profesor VERBS OF MOTION: GOING. RUNNING, BRINGING “Tavling Around: Tania in Motion POSSESSION (CROR); PURPOSE (HTOBKD) Mr ThorthwateDoem' ike His Hoe: Was Targeney @Rovoionary? FUN WITH NUMBERS Decension of Nebers "Bo Collective Nomenks Fractions, Soviet Dire Suites ‘TIME EXPRESSIONS “When “How Lng: Vadim ond va: Mr Kizneso and Mr Pope NEGATION: PLACE OF HE _Nashing, Nobody, Never ‘cae, iar, ter A Pineaple bu No Bananas ‘DIMINUTIVES; PROPER NAMES: POLITENESS "The Fexand he Rolling Pi INDEFINITE PRONOUNS: WORD ORDER: (WRITING LETTERS. 4 Laerto Mrs Pope [PARTICIPLES: TYPES AND STRESS A ClasicFi vit 1m ry 1 mm as 20 a a 28 VERBAL ADVERBS Peer the Great: A Recipe for Mushroom Solio 29 "BOOKISH’ STYLE: ACTIVE PARTICIPLES: PUNCTUATION; SHORT-FORM ADJECTIVES laivesto The Winer Place 30 ABBREVIATIONS: NAMES OF RUSSIAN LETTERS; PARTICLES —A Conplete Chekhov Story: Tésen w 16m (aan Toe) Grammatical Tables The Four Spling Roles ‘assion-Exalih Vocabalary Englsh-Russon Vocabulary Key Exrctes ond Translation of Tete Glosary of Grammatical Terms Index Pay Raeeeeseon Raion Prices Se he fil of Camano, Rasa at en inci sr non, Rowle pes hve rena ust se, Foon anise a saming rin be etn ia yok eich de wi mney sd sping Leon 9 an 10), me Meet me me re tion. em ie feu fo bpmes, sce hy 9 mt invest ng a ten, ym a0 vr mosh fe of Raia Mrs dr xml pe ofthe sand tof Wad i ot ‘Kane forty yes Smet ges ive pin US lr, noSRunnrune we sce Coma ees ape ey wie oun sy, ad Mack mare ek nd as ele Sor sings ue he mare (oa asians ay, ye 2 Eacng) teen Res ou rnc iy, he aor bape ‘that Russia's central bank will remove several zeros from its hopelessly (Monterey, revere oxo roi dlr exnge rate wc wat vey) anton nla pc poptan tore 0 tsedniot tee be pac and eroopeck se INTRODUCTION Like its Penguin prdeceso, the New Penguin Russian Cows isa gruamar ‘of Russian for adults which aims to take the reader tothe equivalent of Aclevel standard. I is designed primarily as selfutor for all thse who intend o study this important language without a waher. This means that there is plemy of explanation. a concer for completeness, a key 1 ll cexeriss and English tanltions ofall the Racsian texte. can this also serve as reference work for students and others who are following & ‘more communicatively based classroom course but want 10 know the sramenar in deta ticles all the basic stroctures of the language, fait large vocabulary of over 1.500 words, a varity of exercises, and & ‘good number of texts (including conversations) intended both 1 state the use ofthe language and also give information about ie in Rissa. Unie its predecessor, the NPRC emphasizes functional and communi ative aspects of language learning. in tune with current developments in language teaching. Exercises involving translation from English into Russian incl only things the learner might actually need to say (or ‘write in Russian. Futhemore, the lessons try 10 dintinguish material hich is essential for basic competence in Russian from less imporant pins (marked EXTRA). which can safely be ignored by those in a hurry. ‘The grammar is presented in an oer which inthe author's experience, works wel with university stents. The overall itetion i that all the ‘esi grammar of Russian should be covered, but the main concer is we fulness for the foreign lamer, The examples and exercises concentrate on ‘he hind and level of Rusia which ean reasonably be atained hy serous students who wish to make themselves understood and to speak coretly ‘but who ae not necessarily aiming to become master spies OF ass them- selves off as Russians. The Rosin inthe texts, which has all been writen